A0 Adjectives 1 min read Easy

Basic Adjectives (Böyük, Kiçik)

Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds

In Azerbaijani, adjectives always come before the noun they describe, and they never change form based on gender or number.

  • Place the adjective before the noun: 'Böyük ev' (Big house).
  • Adjectives do not change for plural nouns: 'Böyük evlər' (Big houses).
  • Use 'deyil' to make an adjective negative: 'Ev böyük deyil' (The house is not big).
Adjective + Noun = Description

Meanings

Adjectives in Azerbaijani are used to modify nouns to provide more information about size, quality, or state. They are invariable, meaning they do not change regardless of the noun's case or number.

1

Attributive

Used directly before a noun to describe it.

“Böyük masa”

“Kiçik qələm”

2

Predicative

Used after a noun with the verb 'to be' (implied or explicit).

“Masa böyükdür.”

“Qələm kiçikdir.”

Adjective Usage Patterns

Form Structure Example Meaning
Attributive Adj + Noun Böyük ev Big house
Predicative Noun + Adj + (dir) Ev böyükdür The house is big
Negative Noun + Adj + deyil Ev böyük deyil The house is not big
Question Noun + Adj + (dir)mi Ev böyükdür mü? Is the house big?
Plural Attributive Adj + Noun-lar Böyük evlər Big houses
Plural Predicative Noun-lar + Adj + (dir) Evlər böyükdür The houses are big

Reference Table

Reference table for Basic Adjectives (Böyük, Kiçik)
Form Structure Example
Affirmative Adj + Noun Böyük masa
Predicative Noun + Adj + dir Masa böyükdür
Negative Noun + Adj + deyil Masa böyük deyil
Question Noun + Adj + dir mi Masa böyükdür mü?
Plural Adj + Noun + lar Böyük masalar
Negative Question Noun + Adj + deyil mi Masa böyük deyil mi?

Formality Spectrum

Formal
Ev böyükdür.

Ev böyükdür. (Describing a house)

Neutral
Ev böyükdür.

Ev böyükdür. (Describing a house)

Informal
Ev böyükdü.

Ev böyükdü. (Describing a house)

Slang
Ev böyük.

Ev böyük. (Describing a house)

Adjective Placement

Adjective

Attributive

  • Böyük ev Big house

Predicative

  • Ev böyükdür The house is big

Adjective vs Noun

Adjective
Böyük Big
Noun
Ev House

Where does the adjective go?

1

Is it before a noun?

YES
Place adjective first
NO
Place adjective after noun + copula

Common Adjectives

📏

Size

  • Böyük (Big)
  • Kiçik (Small)
  • Uzun (Long)

Quality

  • Gözəl (Beautiful)
  • Yaxşı (Good)
  • Pis (Bad)

Examples by Level

1

Böyük masa.

Big table.

2

Kiçik çanta.

Small bag.

3

Gözəl qız.

Beautiful girl.

4

Uzun yol.

Long road.

1

Masa böyükdür.

The table is big.

2

Çanta kiçik deyil.

The bag is not small.

3

Ev böyükdür mü?

Is the house big?

4

Bu kitab maraqlıdır.

This book is interesting.

1

Böyük evlər çoxdur.

There are many big houses.

2

Kiçik uşaqlar oynayır.

Small children are playing.

3

O, çox gözəl insandır.

He/She is a very beautiful person.

4

Yol uzun və çətindir.

The road is long and difficult.

1

Böyük şəhərlərdə yaşamaq çətindir.

Living in big cities is difficult.

2

Kiçik detallar vacibdir.

Small details are important.

3

Bu qərar olduqca böyükdür.

This decision is quite big.

4

Gözəl mənzərə insanı sakitləşdirir.

A beautiful view calms a person.

1

Böyük uğurlar kiçik addımlarla başlayır.

Big successes start with small steps.

2

Kiçik bir səhv böyük nəticələrə səbəb ola bilər.

A small mistake can lead to big results.

3

Gözəl sənət əsərləri zamanı aşır.

Beautiful works of art transcend time.

4

Uzun və yorucu bir günün ardından.

After a long and tiring day.

1

Böyük dövlətlərin kiçik problemləri də böyükdür.

Even the small problems of big states are big.

2

Kiçik bir qığılcım böyük yanğınlara səbəb olur.

A small spark causes big fires.

3

Gözəl bir üslub, dərin bir düşüncənin məhsuludur.

A beautiful style is the product of deep thought.

4

Uzun illərin təcrübəsi özünü göstərir.

The experience of long years shows itself.

Easily Confused

Basic Adjectives (Böyük, Kiçik) vs Adjective vs Adverb

Learners often use adjectives as adverbs.

Basic Adjectives (Böyük, Kiçik) vs Attributive vs Predicative

Mixing up the position.

Basic Adjectives (Böyük, Kiçik) vs Copula usage

When to use -dir.

Common Mistakes

Ev böyük-lər

Böyük evlər

Adjectives do not take plural suffixes.

Masa böyük-dir

Masa böyükdür

The copula attaches to the adjective.

Böyük-i ev

Böyük ev

Adjectives do not take case markers in attributive position.

Ev-in böyük

Ev böyükdür

Use the copula for predicative sentences.

Böyük-dir ev

Böyük ev

Do not use the copula in attributive position.

Ev kiçik deyil-dir

Ev kiçik deyil

The negative 'deyil' is sufficient.

Böyük-mi ev?

Böyük evdirmi?

Question particles follow the predicate.

Çox böyük-lər evlər

Çox böyük evlər

Adjectives remain singular.

Ev böyük-i-dir

Ev böyükdür

Avoid unnecessary possessive suffixes.

Gözəl-lər qızlar

Gözəl qızlar

Adjectives are invariant.

Böyük-cə ev

Böyük ev

Avoid unnecessary diminutives.

Ev böyük-cə-dir

Ev böyükdür

Keep it simple.

Gözəl-cə qız

Gözəl qız

Keep it simple.

Sentence Patterns

Bu ___ ___.

___ ___ deyil.

___ ___ mi?

___ ___ və ___ ___.

Real World Usage

Shopping constant

Bu köynək böyükdür.

Travel very common

Otaq kiçikdir.

Social Media common

Gözəl gün!

Job Interview occasional

Layihə böyükdür.

Food Delivery common

Porsiya böyükdür.

Texting constant

Çox gözəldir!

💡

Keep it simple

Don't try to add suffixes to adjectives. They are perfect as they are!
⚠️

Watch the order

Always put the adjective before the noun in attributive use.
🎯

Use the copula

Adding '-dir' makes you sound more professional.
💬

Complimenting

Use 'gözəl' to compliment people and things.

Smart Tips

Don't pluralize the adjective.

Böyüklər evlər Böyük evlər

Always include the -dir suffix.

Ev böyük Ev böyükdür

Use the question particle after the copula.

Ev böyük mü? Ev böyükdür mü?

Use 'deyil' after the adjective.

Ev deyil böyük Ev böyük deyil

Pronunciation

böyük-dür (front vowels)

Vowel Harmony

Adjectives follow vowel harmony rules when adding suffixes.

Statement

Ev böyükdür. ↘

Falling intonation for facts.

Question

Ev böyükdür mü? ↗

Rising intonation for questions.

Memorize It

Mnemonic

Think of 'Böyük' as 'Big' because they both start with 'B'.

Visual Association

Imagine a giant elephant (Böyük) next to a tiny mouse (Kiçik).

Rhyme

Böyük is big, Kiçik is small, use them right, and stand tall!

Story

Ali has a böyük house. Inside, he has a kiçik cat. The cat is very gözəl. Ali loves his böyük house and his kiçik cat.

Word Web

BöyükKiçikGözəlUzunYaxşıPisYeniKöhnə

Challenge

Look around your room and name 5 objects using an adjective + noun (e.g., 'Böyük masa').

Cultural Notes

Azerbaijanis value hospitality. Describing a home as 'gözəl' (beautiful) is a great compliment.

The language is very similar to Turkish, but some adjectives have different nuances.

Turkic languages share this adjective structure.

Azerbaijani adjectives are largely of Turkic origin.

Conversation Starters

Ev böyükdür mü?

Bu gün hava gözəldir mi?

Sizin şəhər böyükdür?

Kiçik detallar vacibdir mi?

Journal Prompts

Describe your house using 3 adjectives.
Describe your best friend.
Write about a beautiful city you visited.
Discuss the importance of small details in life.

Test Yourself

Fill in the blank.

Bu ___ evdir.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: böyük
Attributive adjectives do not take suffixes.
Choose the correct sentence. Multiple Choice

Which is correct?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Ev böyükdür.
Predicative adjectives use the copula.
Correct the sentence. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

Böyük-lər evlər.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Böyük evlər
Adjectives are invariant.
Make it negative. Sentence Transformation

Ev böyükdür.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Ev böyük deyil.
Use 'deyil' for negation.
Is this rule true? True False Rule

Adjectives change for plural nouns.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: False
Adjectives are invariant.
Complete the dialogue. Dialogue Completion

A: Ev böyükdür mü? B: ___.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Bəli, ev böyükdür.
Consistent copula usage.
Build a sentence. Sentence Building

böyük / ev / bu

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Bu böyük evdir.
Correct word order.
Match the adjective to its meaning. Match Pairs

Match each item on the left with its pair on the right:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Böyük-Big, Kiçik-Small
Basic vocabulary.

Score: /8

Practice Exercises

8 exercises
Fill in the blank.

Bu ___ evdir.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: böyük
Attributive adjectives do not take suffixes.
Choose the correct sentence. Multiple Choice

Which is correct?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Ev böyükdür.
Predicative adjectives use the copula.
Correct the sentence. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

Böyük-lər evlər.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Böyük evlər
Adjectives are invariant.
Make it negative. Sentence Transformation

Ev böyükdür.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Ev böyük deyil.
Use 'deyil' for negation.
Is this rule true? True False Rule

Adjectives change for plural nouns.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: False
Adjectives are invariant.
Complete the dialogue. Dialogue Completion

A: Ev böyükdür mü? B: ___.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Bəli, ev böyükdür.
Consistent copula usage.
Build a sentence. Sentence Building

böyük / ev / bu

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Bu böyük evdir.
Correct word order.
Match the adjective to its meaning. Match Pairs

Match:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Böyük-Big, Kiçik-Small
Basic vocabulary.

Score: /8

FAQ (8)

No, they remain the same.

Before the noun for description.

It's the '-dir' suffix.

Use 'deyil'.

Yes, use the copula '-dir'.

No, Azerbaijani has no grammatical gender.

You probably added a suffix to the adjective.

It's neutral and very common.

In Other Languages

Spanish low

Adjective follows noun with gender agreement.

Azerbaijani adjectives are invariant.

French low

Adjective follows noun with gender agreement.

No gender in Azerbaijani.

German partial

Adjective precedes noun with case endings.

No case endings for Azerbaijani adjectives.

Japanese moderate

Adjective precedes noun.

Azerbaijani adjectives are truly invariant.

Arabic low

Adjective follows noun with agreement.

Position and agreement.

Chinese moderate

Adjective precedes noun with 'de'.

No particles needed in Azerbaijani.

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