A2 · Grundkenntnisse Kapitel 28

Impersonal Constructions: It Is...

6 Gesamtregeln
1 Min.
Regeln in diesem Kapitel Schnelle Übung

Was du lernen wirst

Explore impersonal expressions and verbs that don't refer to a specific subject. This chapter covers phrases like 'трябва' (it is necessary) or 'студено е' (it is cold).

Tipps & Tricks (4)

💡

Indefinite Nouns

Always use the indefinite form of the noun after 'има'. Don't add the definite article.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Impersonal 'Има' (There is/are)
💡

Keep it simple

Don't try to add pronouns. Just 'Няма' + noun.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Impersonal 'Няма' (There isn't/aren't)
💡

The '-o' Rule

If you're unsure which form of the adjective to use, always pick the one ending in '-o'. It's the universal 'impersonal' ending.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Impersonal Expressions with 'Е' (It is...)
💡

The 'Frozen' Rule

Always keep 'трябва' exactly as it is in the present tense. If you find yourself adding endings like -м, -ш, -ме, stop! You're overthinking it.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Impersonal 'Трябва' (It is necessary)

Schnelle Übung (10)

Fill in the blank.

___ да дойда утре?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Може ли
It is a question, so we need 'Може ли'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Impersonal 'Може' (It is possible)

Choose the correct form of the verb.

___ студено днес.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Е
Impersonal expressions always use the 3rd person singular 'е'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Impersonal Expressions with 'Е' (It is...)

Choose the correct way to say 'It is sunny'.

___ е.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Слънчево
Weather states use the neuter form of the adjective ending in -о.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Weather Expressions (Времето)

Select the impersonal sentence.

Which one is impersonal?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Студено е.
The others refer to specific people.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Impersonal Expressions with 'Е' (It is...)

Fill in the blank with 'има' or 'няма'.

В хладилника ___ мляко.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: има
Use 'има' for existence.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Impersonal 'Има' (There is/are)

Correct the sentence.

Find and fix the mistake:

Имат ли вода?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Има ли вода?
No conjugation for plural.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Impersonal 'Има' (There is/are)

Correct the sentence: 'Аз съм студено'.

Find and fix the mistake:

Аз съм студено.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Студено ми е.
Personal feelings use the Dative clitic 'ми' and the verb 'е'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Weather Expressions (Времето)

Fill in the missing particle: 'Ние трябва ___ тръгваме.'

Ние трябва ___ тръгваме.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: да
The particle 'да' is always used after 'трябва' to connect it to another verb.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Impersonal 'Трябва' (It is necessary)

Which question is most natural?

Is it spicy?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Люто ли е?
The particle 'ли' follows the adjective.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Impersonal Expressions with 'Е' (It is...)

Choose the correct past form.

Yesterday, there was a party.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Вчера имаше парти.
Past tense existential.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Impersonal 'Има' (There is/are)

Score: /10

Häufige Fragen (6)

No, 'има' is invariant. It is used for both singular and plural nouns.
Yes, 'Има хора в стаята' (There are people in the room).
Yes, 'Няма' is used for both singular and plural nouns.
No, it remains 'Няма' regardless of gender.
In Bulgarian, 'То' is a real pronoun referring to a specific neuter noun (like 'дете' - child). Using it for weather sounds like you are calling the weather a specific person or thing.
Yes, they mean the same thing. 'Студено е' is slightly more common in speech because it emphasizes the feeling of being cold.
Vorheriges Kapitel
Connecting Ideas: Basic Conjunctions
Nächstes Kapitel
Telling Time, Dates & Seasons
Zurück zur Roadmap