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A1 adjective 8 मिनट पढ़ने का समय

hodný

इसका अभ्यास करें उदाहरण नोट्स और सुझाव hodný 30 सेकंड में

व्याख्या hodný in your Level:

At the A1 level, 'hodný' is taught as one of the primary adjectives to describe people. Learners focus on its most basic meaning: 'kind' or 'well-behaved'. The focus is on gender agreement (hodný, hodná, hodné) and simple sentences like 'Petr je hodný' or 'Moje máma je hodná'. It is often introduced alongside its opposite, 'zlý' (mean/bad). Learners also learn to use it with children and pets. The concept of 'being good' (behaving) is a key cultural component at this level. You will see it in basic dialogues about family members and pets. The goal is to distinguish it from 'dobrý' (good quality) so that learners don't say 'hodná káva' for a good coffee.

At A2, the usage of 'hodný' expands to include the prepositional phrase 'hodný na někoho' (kind to someone). Learners start to use it in more complex descriptions of friends and colleagues. They also begin to recognize the word in the context of gratitude, such as the phrase 'To je od vás hodné' (That is kind of you). The distinction between 'hodný' and 'milý' (nice/pleasant) becomes more important here. Learners are expected to describe people's characters with more variety, using 'hodný' as a reliable base. There is also an introduction to the adverb 'hodně' (a lot), and teachers work to ensure students don't confuse the two despite their shared root.

पूरी व्याख्या पढ़ने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें

At the B1 level, students encounter 'hodný' in more abstract and literary contexts. They might see the short form 'hoden' (worthy) in formal texts or idiomatic expressions. The focus shifts toward nuances of character—distinguishing between someone who is simply 'hodný' (kind) and someone who is 'laskavý' (gracious) or 'dobrosrdečný' (good-hearted). Learners start to understand how 'hodný' can be used ironically or with subtle social implications (e.g., being 'too kind'). They are also expected to use the word correctly in various grammatical cases, such as 'Mluvím o tom hodném pánovi' (I am talking about that kind gentleman - locative case).

पूरी व्याख्या पढ़ने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें

By B2, 'hodný' is used with full native-like flexibility. Learners understand the historical etymology (from 'hodit se' - to fit/suit) and how this relates to the modern meaning of 'worthy' or 'good'. They can navigate complex sentences where 'hodný' functions as a part of a larger idiomatic structure. The word is used to discuss moral philosophy or character development in literature. Students are expected to know that 'hodný' is the standard choice for 'well-behaved' in educational or parental contexts, whereas 'slušný' might be used for 'polite' or 'decent'. They also master the genitive construction with 'hoden' (e.g., 'Je hoden uznání' - He is worthy of recognition).

पूरी व्याख्या पढ़ने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें

At the C1 level, the word 'hodný' is analyzed through its stylistic registers. A student at this level understands the subtle difference between 'hodný' and 'ušlechtilý' (noble). They can use the word in sophisticated social commentary, perhaps discussing the 'hodný' archetype in Czech culture or cinema. The focus is on precision; for instance, knowing when 'hodný' sounds too childish and when it is perfectly sincere. They are familiar with archaic usages found in 19th-century literature where 'hodný' might still carry more of the 'suitable' or 'valuable' meaning. They also use the word in complex word-formation exercises, recognizing its presence in words like 'plnohodnotný' (full-value/complete).

पूरी व्याख्या पढ़ने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें

At the C2 level, 'hodný' is a tool for stylistic mastery. The speaker can play with the word's simplicity to create contrast in formal speeches or creative writing. They understand every nuance of its historical development and its role in the Slavic language family. They can dissect the psychological implications of 'hodný' in parenting styles or social structures. At this level, the learner is not just using the word, but is aware of its weight in the Czech psyche—how it defines the 'ideal' person in various social strata. They can also use the most obscure short-form versions and handle all case agreements and declensions perfectly even in the most convoluted sentence structures.

पूरी व्याख्या पढ़ने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें

इसका अभ्यास करें उदाहरण नोट्स और सुझाव

hodný 30 सेकंड में

Used for people and animals to mean kind, gentle, or well-behaved.
Different from 'dobrý' (good quality); 'hodný' is about character and behavior.
Commonly used by parents to tell children to 'be good' (Buď hodný!).
Can mean 'worthy' (hoden) in formal or literary Czech contexts.

The Czech adjective hodný is one of the most fundamental words a learner encounters, yet it carries nuances that distinguish it from the generic English word 'good'. At its core, hodný describes a person's character, behavior, or moral quality. While the English word 'good' can apply to a 'good car' (quality) or a 'good person' (kindness), Czech splits these concepts. For a high-quality object, you use dobrý. For a person who is kind, helpful, or well-behaved, you use hodný.

Moral Kindness: When you describe someone as hodný člověk, you are saying they are a 'good soul'—someone altruistic, gentle, and considerate of others. It implies a soft-hearted nature rather than just professional competence.
Behavioral Obedience: This word is the standard way to tell a child or a pet to 'be good'. If a child is hodný, they are sitting quietly, following instructions, and not causing trouble. It is the opposite of being zlobivý (naughty).
Worthiness (Archaic/Formal): In more advanced or literary contexts, the short form hoden is used with the genitive case to mean 'worthy of' something, such as hoden úcty (worthy of respect).

Můj dědeček byl velmi hodný muž, který vždy pomáhal sousedům.

Translation: My grandfather was a very kind man who always helped the neighbors.

Buď hodný, než se vrátím z nákupu.

Translation: Be good (well-behaved) until I return from shopping.

To je od vás moc hodné, že jste přišli.

Translation: That is very kind of you that you came.

Náš pes je hodný, nikoho nekousne.

Translation: Our dog is good (gentle/well-behaved), he won't bite anyone.

Byla ke mně velmi hodná, když jsem byl nemocný.

Translation: She was very kind to me when I was sick.

In summary, use hodný when you want to praise someone's disposition or behavior. It is the word of choice for grandmothers, sweethearts, and obedient pets. It is a warm, positive word that forms the backbone of social politeness in the Czech Republic.

Using hodný correctly requires understanding how it fits into the Czech case system and which prepositions it typically pairs with. While it is an A1 level word, its usage can become quite sophisticated as you progress in your language journey.

Being Kind TO Someone: To express kindness directed at a person, use the preposition na followed by the accusative case. For example: Buď na ni hodný (Be kind to her). This is the most common construction for social interaction.
Describing Children and Animals: In this context, the adjective often stands alone as a predicate. Děti, buďte hodné! (Children, be good!). Here, it implies obedience and lack of disruption.
The 'Worthy' Construction: In formal Czech, you might see the short form hoden. On není hoden tvé lásky (He is not worthy of your love). Note that 'hoden' triggers the genitive case (tvé lásky).

Je to od tebe moc hodné, že mi pomáháš se stěhováním.

Translation: It is very kind of you to help me with moving.

Musíš být hodný na svou mladší sestru.

Translation: You must be kind to your younger sister.

Ten kůň je velmi hodný, mohou na něm jezdit i děti.

Translation: That horse is very gentle (good), even children can ride him.

Furthermore, hodný can be intensified with adverbs like neuvěřitelně (unbelievably), přehnaně (excessively), or the common moc (very). In colloquial speech, you might hear hrozně hodný (terribly kind), which despite the word 'terribly', is a high compliment. Understanding these patterns allows you to move beyond simple descriptions and engage in more nuanced social interactions.

The word hodný permeates daily life in Czechia, from the domestic sphere to public interactions. Recognizing the context in which it is spoken helps in understanding the speaker's intent and the social dynamics at play.

The Playground and the Home: You will hear parents constantly saying 'Buď hodný!' to their children. In this setting, it is the universal command for 'behave yourself'. Similarly, a parent might praise a child by saying 'Ty jsi ale hodný kluk' (You are such a good boy) after they share a toy.
Service and Gratitude: If a stranger helps you pick up dropped groceries or gives up their seat on the tram, the standard response is 'To jste hodný/hodná, děkuji.' It adds a layer of genuine appreciation for their character that a simple 'thanks' lacks.
Veterinary Clinics and Parks: Dog owners frequently use hodný to reassure others. 'Nebojte se, on je hodný' (Don't worry, he is good/gentle). It is the standard way to signal that an animal is not aggressive.

Paní učitelka říkala, že jsi byl dnes ve škole moc hodný.

Translation: The teacher said you were very good at school today.

Je od vás hodné, že nás vezete na letiště.

Translation: It is kind of you to drive us to the airport.

In television dramas or literature, hodný might be used ironically or to describe a character who is perhaps too naive or easily manipulated. For example, 'On je až moc hodný' can imply that someone is a 'pushover'. However, in 99% of daily interactions, it is a straightforward, positive descriptor of kindness and proper behavior.

Even though hodný is an early-stage word, English speakers often trip over its specific usage boundaries compared to the English 'good'.

Mistake 1: Using 'hodný' for Objects: You cannot have a 'hodný telefon' or a 'hodné auto'. If an object works well or is of high quality, you must use dobrý. Hodný is strictly for sentient beings (people, animals) or actions performed by them.
Mistake 2: Confusing 'hodný' with 'vhodný': The word vhodný means 'suitable' or 'appropriate'. While they look similar, saying 'To je hodný čas' (That is a kind time) instead of 'To je vhodný čas' (That is a suitable time) will cause confusion.
Mistake 3: Incorrect Prepositions: Learners often try to translate 'kind to' literally using k (to). While laskavý k někomu is possible, the most natural way to say 'kind to' with hodný is always na + accusative. 'Buď hodný na mě' (Be kind to me), not 'Buď hodný ke mně'.

Špatně: To je hodný film. (Incorrect: That is a 'kind' movie.)

Correct: To je dobrý film. (That is a good movie.)

Špatně: Buď hodný k babičce. (Less natural: Be kind to grandma.)

Better: Buď hodný na babičku. (Be kind to grandma.)

Lastly, be careful with the word 'hodně'. Although it comes from the same root, hodně is an adverb meaning 'a lot' or 'much'. While related historically (originally meaning 'a worthy amount'), in modern Czech, they function very differently. Don't confuse 'On je hodný' (He is kind) with 'Je ho hodně' (There is a lot of him/it).

While hodný is the 'bread and butter' word for kindness, Czech offers a rich palette of synonyms that can make your speech more precise and sophisticated.

Milý vs. Hodný: Milý translates to 'nice', 'sweet', or 'dear'. Someone milý is pleasant to be around and has a charming personality. Someone hodný has a good heart and acts kindly. You can be milý (polite/pleasant) without necessarily being hodný (truly kind/altruistic).
Laskavý: This is a more formal and elevated word for 'kind' or 'gracious'. It is often used in formal letters or when describing a benevolent authority figure. Buďte tak laskav (Be so kind/gracious) is a very polite way to make a request.
Dobrosrdečný: Literally 'good-hearted'. This is a strong synonym for hodný when you want to emphasize the deep-seated nature of someone's kindness.
Přívětivý: This means 'welcoming' or 'friendly'. It describes someone's outward demeanor, especially when meeting others.

Ta prodavačka byla velmi milá, ale nevím, jestli je to opravdu hodný člověk.

Translation: That shop assistant was very nice, but I don't know if she is a truly kind person.

Choosing between these depends on the 'flavor' of kindness you wish to convey. For a child, use hodný. For a first date, use milý. For a saint, use dobrotivý. For a helpful stranger, hodný or laskavý are both excellent choices depending on the level of formality you wish to maintain.

How Formal Is It?

रोचक तथ्य

The shift from 'suitable' to 'kind' happened because someone who is 'fitting' or 'suitable' in a social or moral sense was seen as a 'good' person. You can still see the old meaning in 'vhodný' (suitable).

उच्चारण मार्गदर्शिका

UK /ˈɦodniː/

US /ˈɦoʊdniː/

Stress is always on the first syllable in Czech: HOD-ný.

तुकबंदी

módní vhodný původní rozhodný úrodný svobodný pohodlný přírodní

आम गलतियाँ

Pronouncing 'h' like a German 'ch' (it should be voiced).
Making the final 'ý' too short (it must be a long vowel).
Confusing the pronunciation with 'hodně' (the ending is different).
Pronouncing 'd' as 't' (it remains voiced before 'n').
Putting stress on the second syllable.

कठिनाई स्तर

पठन 1/5

Very easy to recognize in text, very common.

लिखना 2/5

Requires correct gender/case endings, which can be tricky for beginners.

बोलना 1/5

Easy to pronounce and very useful in daily conversation.

श्रवण 2/5

Must be distinguished from 'hodně' (a lot) in fast speech.

आगे क्या सीखें

पूर्वापेक्षाएँ

být (to be) kluk (boy) holka (girl) pes (dog) máma (mom)

आगे सीखें

zlý (mean) milý (nice) zlobivý (naughty) laskavý (gracious) vhodný (suitable)

उन्नत

ctihodný (venerable) hodnověrnost (credibility) plnohodnotnost (full-value status) opovrženíhodný (contemptible) pozoruhodný (remarkable)

ज़रूरी व्याकरण

Adjective Gender Agreement

hodný muž (M), hodná žena (F), hodné dítě (N)

Preposition 'na' with Accusative

Buď hodný na (koho/co) maminku.

Short form adjectives (Archaic/Formal)

On je hoden (short form of hodný).

Superlative Formation

hodný -> hodnější -> nejhodnější

Adverbial distinction

hodný (adj) vs. hodně (adv)

पूरी व्याख्या पढ़ने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें

स्तर के अनुसार उदाहरण

Můj pes je hodný.

My dog is good/well-behaved.

Masculine singular adjective.

Ta holka je moc hodná.

That girl is very kind/good.

Feminine singular adjective.

Buď hodný!

Be good!

Imperative form + masculine adjective.

Petr je hodný kluk.

Petr is a good boy.

Attributive adjective before a noun.

Jsou vaše děti hodné?

Are your children good?

Plural form (neuter/masculine inanimate/feminine).

Mám hodnou babičku.

I have a kind grandmother.

Accusative feminine singular.

To je hodná kočka.

That is a good cat.

Feminine singular.

On není zlý, on je hodný.

He is not mean, he is kind.

Contrast with the antonym 'zlý'.

Byl na mě včera velmi hodný.

He was very kind to me yesterday.

Preposition 'na' + accusative 'mě'.

To je od vás moc hodné, děkuji.

That is very kind of you, thank you.

Neuter form 'hodné' used impersonally.

Musíš být hodný na zvířata.

You must be kind to animals.

Preposition 'na' + accusative plural.

Naše paní sousedka je neuvěřitelně hodná.

Our neighbor lady is incredibly kind.

Intensifier 'neuvěřitelně'.

Byli na nás všichni moc hodní.

Everyone was very kind to us.

Plural 'hodní' for masculine animate.

Je to hodný člověk, věř mi.

He is a kind person, trust me.

Masculine adjective modifying 'člověk'.

Proč jsi na něj nebyla hodná?

Why weren't you kind to him?

Feminine singular past tense.

Hledáme hodnou paní na hlídání.

We are looking for a kind lady for babysitting.

Accusative feminine 'hodnou'.

Je hoden své pověsti.

He is worthy of his reputation.

Short form 'hoden' + genitive.

Byl to čin hodný hrdiny.

It was an act worthy of a hero.

Adjective 'hodný' + genitive.

Jeho chování nebylo hodné gentlemana.

His behavior was not worthy of a gentleman.

Neuter 'hodné' + genitive.

Máš hodné srdce, to se dnes cení.

You have a kind heart, that is valued today.

Accusative neuter 'hodné'.

Byla na mě až příliš hodná, bylo mi to podezřelé.

She was almost too kind to me, it was suspicious to me.

Adverb 'příliš' (too/excessively).

Ona je ta nejhodnější osoba, co znám.

She is the kindest person I know.

Superlative form 'nejhodnější'.

Zůstaňte hodní, já se hned vrátím.

Stay good (well-behaved), I'll be right back.

Imperative 'zůstaňte' + plural adjective.

Vždycky se snažil být ke všem hodný.

He always tried to be kind to everyone.

Dative 'všem' used here with 'ke', though 'na všechny' is more common.

To je výkon hodný obdivu.

That is a performance worthy of admiration.

Masculine adjective + genitive.

Byl natolik hodný, že mi půjčil své auto.

He was kind enough to lend me his car.

Adverb 'natolik' (to such an extent).

Je hoden trestu, který dostal.

He is worthy (deserving) of the punishment he received.

Short form 'hoden' meaning 'deserving'.

Tento film je hoden pozornosti každého kritika.

This film is worthy of every critic's attention.

Short form 'hoden' in a formal review context.

Působí jako hodný strejda, ale nenechte se zmást.

He acts like a kind uncle, but don't be fooled.

Simile using 'jako'.

Být hodný neznamená být slabý.

Being kind doesn't mean being weak.

Infinitive 'být' + adjective used as a noun phrase.

Jeho slova byla hodná zamyšlení.

His words were worthy of reflection.

Feminine plural 'hodná' agreeing with 'slova'.

V téhle pohádce je hodný drak.

In this fairy tale, there is a good dragon.

Masculine animate singular.

Jeho oběť byla činem hodným nejvyšší úcty.

His sacrifice was an act worthy of the highest respect.

Instrumental case 'činem' followed by adjective in instrumental.

Nejsem hoden rozvázat řemínek u jeho obuvi.

I am not worthy to untie the strap of his sandals.

Biblical/Archaic short form usage.

Považuji ho za velmi hodného a čestného muže.

I consider him a very kind and honorable man.

Accusative 'za' + adjective/noun.

Je to sice hodný kluk, ale chybí mu průbojnost.

He is a kind boy, but he lacks assertiveness.

Concessive 'sice... ale' construction.

Ta situace byla hodná Shakespeara.

The situation was worthy of Shakespeare.

Feminine adjective + genitive proper noun.

Být hodný na lidi, kteří si to nezaslouží, je těžké.

Being kind to people who don't deserve it is difficult.

Complex sentence with relative clause.

Kéž by byl svět plný takto hodných lidí.

If only the world were full of such kind people.

Optative mood 'kéž by' + genitive plural.

Jeho gesto bylo hodné zaznamenání do kroniky.

His gesture was worthy of being recorded in the chronicle.

Neuter adjective + genitive of a verbal noun.

V jeho pohledu bylo cosi hluboce lidského a neuvěřitelně hodného.

In his gaze was something deeply human and incredibly kind.

Genitive 'cosi' + genitive adjectives.

Je to člověk vskutku hodný svého jména.

He is a man truly worthy of his name.

Adjective following the noun for emphasis + genitive.

Celá ta aféra je hodna opovržení.

The whole affair is worthy of contempt.

Short form 'hodna' (feminine) + genitive.

Ačkoliv se tvářil hodně, v nitru byl plný zášti.

Although he looked kind, inside he was full of malice.

Note the adverbial use of the adjective in a 'looking like' construction.

Byl to projev hodný státníka jeho formátu.

It was a speech worthy of a statesman of his caliber.

Masculine adjective + genitive.

Není hoden toho, aby se o něm vůbec mluvilo.

He is not worthy of even being spoken about.

Short form 'hoden' + 'toho, aby' clause.

Tato myšlenka je hodna dalšího rozpracování.

This idea is worthy of further elaboration.

Short form 'hodna' + genitive verbal noun.

Zůstala mu ta hodná, dětská víra v dobro.

He retained that kind, childlike faith in goodness.

Attributive use in a poetic context.

सामान्य शब्द संयोजन

hodný člověk

hodné dítě

hodný pes

být hodný na

moc hodný

hoden úcty

hodný kluk

neuvěřitelně hodný

hodný jako anděl

hoden důvěry

सामान्य वाक्यांश

To je od vás hodné.

— A polite way to say 'That is kind of you'. Used when someone helps you.

To je od vás hodné, že jste mi podržel dveře.

Buď hodný!

— A command given to children or pets to behave themselves.

Buď hodný a poslouchej paní učitelku.

On je moc hodný.

— A very common way to praise someone's character as being kind-hearted.

Můj nový přítel je moc hodný.

Je to hodná holka.

— Commonly used to describe a girl or young woman as being a 'good girl' or sweet.

Anička je hodná holka, vždycky pomůže.

Nebojte, je hodný.

— Said by pet owners to reassure others that their animal is friendly.

Nebojte, ten pes je hodný, jen si chce hrát.

Jste velmi hodná.

— A warm way to thank a woman for a favor or kind act.

Jste velmi hodná, že jste mi ukázala cestu.

Být hoden něčeho.

— To be worthy of something. Used in formal or serious contexts.

Je hoden své ceny.

Moc hodný na všechny.

— Describing someone who is kind to everyone universally.

Náš dědeček byl moc hodný na všechny lidi.

Už budu hodný.

— What a child says when they promise to stop misbehaving.

Mami, slibuju, že už budu hodný!

Je to hodný člověk od kosti.

— He is a good person to the bone (inherently good).

Věř mu, je to hodný člověk od kosti.

अक्सर इससे भ्रम होता है

hodný vs dobrý

English speakers use 'good' for both, but Czech uses 'dobrý' for quality/skill and 'hodný' for kindness/behavior.

hodný vs vhodný

Means 'suitable' or 'appropriate'. Often confused due to the similar spelling.

hodný vs hodně

An adverb meaning 'a lot'. It is not an adjective, despite the shared root.

मुहावरे और अभिव्यक्तियाँ

"hodný jako anděl"

— Extremely well-behaved or exceptionally kind, like an angel.

Celou cestu v letadle byl hodný jako anděl.

neutral

"není hoden mu ani boty zavázat"

— To not be worthy of even tying someone's shoes (to be vastly inferior).

Ten nový hráč mu není hoden ani boty zavázat.

informal/idiomatic

"být hoden svého jména"

— To live up to the reputation or meaning of one's name/title.

Jako kapitán musíš být hoden svého jména.

formal

"víc než je zdrávo hodný"

— To be 'too kind' to the point of being taken advantage of.

Pavel je víc než je zdrávo hodný, neumí říct ne.

informal

"hodný jako beránek"

— As gentle or good as a lamb.

Náš pes vypadá drsně, ale je hodný jako beránek.

neutral

"člověk hoden následování"

— A person worthy of being followed or emulated (a role model).

Je to lídr hoden následování.

formal

"každý chvilku tahá pilku (a pak je hodný)"

— Everyone has their moments of effort/trouble (play on words about behavior balance).

Děti se hádaly, ale teď jsou zase hodné.

informal

"být hoden své mzdy"

— To be worth one's salary/pay.

Dělník je hoden své mzdy.

formal/biblical origin

"hodný jako sluníčko"

— Kind and radiant like sunshine (usually for children).

Dneska jsi byla hodná jako sluníčko.

child-friendly

"všeho schopný, ale ničeho hodný"

— Capable of everything but worthy of nothing (a play on words describing a villain).

Ten politik je všeho schopný, ale ničeho hodný.

literary/clever

आसानी से भ्रमित होने वाले

hodný vs dobrý

Both translate to 'good' in English.

'Dobrý' refers to quality, function, or skill (a good car, a good doctor). 'Hodný' refers to moral kindness or obedience (a kind man, a well-behaved child).

To je dobrý nůž (quality), ale on je hodný člověk (kindness).

hodný vs vhodný

Phonetically similar.

'Vhodný' means appropriate for a specific purpose or time. 'Hodný' means kind.

Tohle je vhodný čas na kávu.

hodný vs milý

Both describe positive personality traits.

'Milý' is 'nice/pleasant' (how someone makes you feel). 'Hodný' is 'kind/good' (the person's inner nature/actions).

Je na mě milý, ale nevím, jestli je opravdu hodný.

hodný vs slušný

Both relate to being 'good'.

'Slušný' refers to manners, etiquette, and social decency. 'Hodný' refers to the heart and character.

Je to slušně vychovaný, ale ne moc hodný kluk.

hodný vs hodně

Same root.

'Hodně' is an adverb of quantity (a lot). 'Hodný' is an adjective of quality (kind).

Mám hodně (a lot) hodných (kind) přátel.

वाक्य संरचनाएँ

[Subject] je hodný.

Můj bratr je hodný.

Buď [Adjective]!

Buď hodná!

Být hodný na [Accusative].

Petr je hodný na svou kočku.

To je od [Genitive] hodné.

To je od tebe hodné.

[Noun] hodný [Genitive].

Čin hodný hrdiny.

Ten [Superlative] [Noun].

Ten nejhodnější člověk.

Být hoden [Genitive].

Je hoden úcty.

Považovat [Accusative] za [Accusative Adjective].

Považuji ho za hodného člověka.

शब्द परिवार

संज्ञा

hodnota (value/worth)

hodnost (rank/degree)

hodnostář (dignitary)

vhodnost (suitability)

znehodnocení (devaluation)

क्रिया

hodit se (to fit/suit)

hodnotit (to evaluate)

zhodnotit (to appreciate/valorize)

přihodit se (to happen)

vyhovovat (to suit/satisfy)

विशेषण

hodnotný (valuable)

vhodný (suitable)

nehodný (unworthy/naughty)

plnohodnotný (full-value)

bezvadný (perfect/flawless)

इसे कैसे इस्तेमाल करें

frequency

Extremely high in daily conversation, especially regarding children, pets, and social gratitude.

सामान्य गलतियाँ

To je hodné auto. → To je dobré auto.
'Hodný' is only for people/animals. Objects use 'dobrý'.
Byl hodný ke mně. → Byl na mě hodný.
While 'k' is sometimes used with other adjectives, 'hodný' almost always takes 'na' + accusative.
Mám hodně přátelé. → Mám hodné přátele.
Confusing the adverb 'hodně' (a lot) with the adjective 'hodné' (kind).
Je hoden pro tu práci. → Je hoden té práce.
The short form 'hoden' (worthy) requires the genitive case, not a preposition like 'pro'.
Ona je hodný. → Ona je hodná.
Failure to match the adjective gender with the feminine subject.

सुझाव

Gender Matters

Always check the gender of the person you are describing. Use 'hodný' for men, 'hodná' for women, and 'hodné' for children (if using the neuter word 'dítě') or plural groups.

Use with Pets

When meeting a dog in Czechia, asking 'Je hodný?' is the standard way to ask if the dog is friendly and won't bite.

St. Nicholas Tradition

Remember the Mikuláš tradition! 'Byl jsi hodný?' is the question every Czech child hears in December. It links 'hodný' forever with rewards and goodness.

Avoid 'Hodná Káva'

Never use 'hodný' for food or drinks. 'Dobrý' is for taste and quality; 'hodný' is for the soul.

The 'Na' Preposition

To say you are kind TO someone, always use 'na' + accusative. It's one of those fixed patterns you should memorize early.

Formal Gratitude

In a formal email, if someone does you a big favor, 'To je od Vás velmi laskavé' is slightly better than 'hodné', but 'hodné' is still perfectly acceptable.

Rhyme Time

Remember: 'Hodný' rhymes with 'vhodný' (suitable). A 'hodný' person is 'suitable' for your friendship!

Too Kind?

If someone says 'On je až moc hodný', they might be implying the person is a bit of a pushover. Context is key!

Long Ý

Make sure to stretch that final 'ý' sound. It's not 'hodni', it's 'hod-nee-ee'.

The Best Compliment

Calling someone 'hodný člověk' is one of the most sincere and heartwarming compliments you can give in Czech.

याद करें

स्मृति सहायक

Think of a 'HOD' (Hot) person who is so 'NY' (Nice) that they give you their water. HOD-NY is a Kind person.

दृश्य संबंध

Imagine a child holding a 'HOD' (hot) bowl of soup carefully to give to their grandmother. The child is 'hodný' (good/kind).

Word Web

hodný (kind) hodnota (value) hodiny (time) vhodný (suitable) výhoda (advantage) nehoda (accident) pohoda (calm) hodit se (to fit)

चैलेंज

Try to use 'hodný' three times today: once to thank someone (To je od vás hodné), once to describe a friend, and once to talk about a pet.

शब्द की उत्पत्ति

Derived from the Proto-Slavic root *god- which related to 'time', 'fitting', or 'pleasing'. It is cognate with the English word 'good' and German 'gut', though through a very distant Indo-European connection.

मूल अर्थ: Originally meant 'fitting', 'suitable', or 'timely' (related to 'hodina' - hour/time).

Slavic (West Slavic branch).

सांस्कृतिक संदर्भ

Calling an adult 'hodný' can sometimes sound slightly patronizing if the context is professional, as it can imply they are 'simple' or 'compliant' rather than 'competent'. Use 'laskavý' or 'profesionální' in formal work settings.

English speakers often over-use 'dobrý' where 'hodný' is required. In English, 'good' covers both quality and character, but in Czech, these are strictly separated.

The film 'Obecná škola' (The Elementary School) features a teacher who tries to make his students 'hodní'. Traditional Czech fairy tales (Pohádky) always have a 'hodný' protagonist vs. a 'zlý' antagonist. The song 'Být hodný' is a common theme in children's nursery rhymes.

असल ज़िंदगी में अभ्यास करें

वास्तविक संदर्भ

At home with children

Buď hodný!
Ty jsi moje hodná holčička.
Musíš být hodný na brášku.
Byl jsi dneska hodný?

With pets

To je hodný pejsek!
Je ten pes hodný?
On je hodný, nekouše.
Buď hodný, lehni!

Expressing gratitude

To je od vás moc hodné.
Jste velmi hodná, děkuji.
Byl jste na mě moc hodný.
Děkuji, jste hodný.

Describing character

Je to hodný člověk.
Má hodné srdce.
Vypadá jako hodný pán.
Ona je neuvěřitelně hodná.

Formal 'Worthiness'

Je hoden úcty.
Není hoden tvé lásky.
Čin hodný hrdiny.
Je hoden následování.

बातचीत की शुरुआत

"Je váš pes hodný, nebo na cizí lidi štěká?"

"Byl jsi jako dítě hodný, nebo jsi hodně zlobil?"

"Kdo je ten nejhodnější člověk, kterého znáte?"

"Myslíte si, že je důležitější být hodný, nebo být úspěšný?"

"Co pro vás znamená, když je někdo 'hodný'?"

डायरी विषय

Popište někoho ze své rodiny, kdo je velmi hodný. Proč si to myslíte?

Napište o situaci, kdy na vás byl někdo cizí nečekaně hodný.

Je těžké být hodný na lidi, kteří jsou na nás zlí? Proč?

Co je podle vás rozdíl mezi tím být 'hodný' a být 'milý'?

Jaké vlastnosti musí mít člověk, aby byl hoden vašeho obdivu?

अक्सर पूछे जाने वाले सवाल

10 सवाल

No, you should use 'dobrý'. 'Hodný' is only for people or animals to describe their kindness or behavior. A movie doesn't have a moral character or behavior, so it cannot be 'hodný'.

'Hodný' is the standard, grammatically correct form used in writing and formal speech. 'Hodnej' is the colloquial version used in everyday spoken Czech, particularly in Bohemia. Both mean the same thing.

You say 'Buď na mě hodný'. It uses the preposition 'na' followed by the accusative case of the pronoun 'já' (me), which is 'mě' (written as 'mě' but often pronounced 'mne' or 'mě').

Yes, in the context of children, it almost always implies they are being quiet, obedient, and not causing trouble. If a teacher says a student is 'hodný', it means they follow instructions well.

Yes, it is very common to say 'Vy jste tak hodný/hodná' when a stranger helps you. It's a very polite and warm way to show appreciation.

'Hoden' is a formal version of 'hodný' that means 'worthy'. It is usually followed by the genitive case. For example, 'Je hoden úcty' (He is worthy of respect). You won't hear it much in casual conversation.

Yes, etymologically they share a root meaning 'fitting' or 'timely'. A 'hodina' is a 'fitting' division of time, and a 'hodný' person is someone who is 'fitting' or 'proper' in character.

You use the feminine form: 'Ona je velmi hodná'. Make sure the ending matches the gender of the person you are describing.

The most common opposite is 'zlý' (mean/bad). For children specifically, the opposite is 'zlobivý' (naughty).

No, that is 'hodně'. Although they look similar, 'hodně' is an adverb of quantity. 'Hodný' is always an adjective describing a person or animal.

सुझाव और नोट्स के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें