This page in your language

فارسی

العربية

Deutsch

Español

Français

日本語

한국어

Português

中文

हिन्दी

Home
Learn
German
Vocabulary
die Erlaubnis

A2 noun #3,500 most common 9 min read

die Erlaubnis

Top 3,500

Practice it Examples Notes & Tips die Erlaubnis in 30 Seconds

Explanation die Erlaubnis in your Level:

At the A1 level, you primarily learn 'die Erlaubnis' as the noun version of 'dürfen' (to be allowed to). You might not use the noun itself very often, as beginners usually rely on the verb: 'Darf ich das?' (May I do that?). However, it is important to recognize 'die Erlaubnis' when you see it on signs or hear it in simple instructions. At this stage, just focus on the fact that it means 'permission' and that it is a feminine noun ('die'). You might encounter it in simple sentences like 'Ich brauche eine Erlaubnis' (I need permission). It is a good word to know because it helps you understand rules in a classroom or at home. You should also notice that it ends in '-nis', which is a common ending for German nouns. Even at A1, knowing that you 'ask for' (bitten um) permission is a great way to start learning how German prepositions work. Don't worry too much about the plural form yet; just focus on the singular 'die Erlaubnis'.

At the A2 level, you start to use 'die Erlaubnis' in more complete sentences. You learn to talk about your daily life, and that often involves rules. You might say, 'Meine Eltern geben mir die Erlaubnis, heute Abend auszugehen' (My parents give me permission to go out tonight). You are now expected to know that 'die Erlaubnis' is feminine and how to use it with basic adjectives: 'eine kleine Erlaubnis', 'keine Erlaubnis'. You will also encounter it in the context of school or work, such as asking a teacher for permission to leave the room. At this level, you should begin to recognize common phrases like 'um Erlaubnis bitten'. You should also be able to distinguish it from the verb 'erlauben'. For example, 'Er erlaubt es mir' (He allows it) vs. 'Er gibt mir die Erlaubnis' (He gives me the permission). This distinction between verbs and nouns is a key part of moving from A1 to A2. You might also see the word in simple public signs or notices.

At the B1 level, you should be comfortable using 'die Erlaubnis' in a variety of contexts, including work and official situations. You will learn to use it with infinitive clauses: 'Ich habe die Erlaubnis, das Auto zu benutzen' (I have permission to use the car). You should also be aware of formal synonyms like 'die Genehmigung' and know when 'Erlaubnis' is more appropriate (usually in less formal or general contexts). You will start to see compound words like 'Arbeitserlaubnis' (work permit) or 'Aufenthaltserlaubnis' (residence permit), which are very important if you are living or working in a German-speaking country. Your grammar should be more precise, using the correct cases: 'Er fragte seinen Chef um Erlaubnis' (He asked his boss for permission). You should also be able to use the word in the past tense and with modal verbs. At B1, you are expected to understand the nuances of seeking permission in a professional environment and how to phrase these requests politely.

At the B2 level, you use 'die Erlaubnis' with a high degree of precision. You understand the subtle differences between 'Erlaubnis', 'Genehmigung', 'Bewilligung', and 'Zustimmung'. You can discuss complex topics such as data protection (Datenschutz) and the 'Erlaubnis zur Datenverarbeitung' (permission for data processing). You are familiar with more advanced verb pairings like 'die Erlaubnis erteilen' (to grant permission) or 'die Erlaubnis entziehen' (to withdraw permission). Your sentences will become more complex, often involving genitive constructions: 'Nach Erteilung der Erlaubnis konnte das Projekt beginnen' (After the granting of permission, the project could begin). You also recognize the word in legal or journalistic texts. You can explain why permission is necessary in certain social or legal frameworks. At this level, you should also be able to use the word metaphorically or in abstract discussions about freedom and societal constraints.

At the C1 level, 'die Erlaubnis' is a tool for nuanced expression. You can use it to discuss philosophical or ethical questions: 'Gibt es eine moralische Erlaubnis für dieses Handeln?' (Is there a moral permission for this action?). You are comfortable with highly formal and bureaucratic language, understanding the specific legal implications of an 'Erlaubnis' versus a 'Konzession' or 'Lizenz'. You can write formal letters or reports where 'die Erlaubnis' is used to define boundaries and authorizations. You understand the historical development of the word and its linguistic roots. In conversation, you can use the word with irony or subtle emphasis. You are also proficient in using the plural 'Erlaubnisse' correctly in technical contexts, even though it is less common in everyday speech. Your use of the word is seamless, and you can switch between formal 'Erlaubnis' and informal 'Dürfen' based on the social context without thinking.

At the C2 level, your mastery of 'die Erlaubnis' is equivalent to that of a highly educated native speaker. You understand its place in the history of German law and literature. You can analyze how the concept of 'Erlaubnis' is used in complex legal statutes or academic treatises on administrative law. You are aware of archaic or rare uses of the word and can appreciate its stylistic value in literature. You can engage in deep debates about the 'Erlaubnisvorbehalt' (the principle that certain actions are prohibited unless permitted) in German law. Your command of the word includes all its idiomatic expressions and the ability to create new, creative compounds if necessary. You can navigate the most complex bureaucratic processes in Germany, understanding every nuance of the permissions required. The word is no longer just a vocabulary item but a fundamental building block of your sophisticated understanding of the German language and society.

Practice it Examples Notes & Tips

die Erlaubnis in 30 Seconds

Die Erlaubnis is a feminine noun meaning 'permission'. It is essential for navigating rules in German-speaking environments.
It is commonly used with the verb 'erlauben' (to permit) and the phrase 'um Erlaubnis bitten' (to ask for permission).
In formal contexts, it can refer to official permits like work or residence authorizations (Arbeitserlaubnis, Aufenthaltserlaubnis).
Grammatically, it often takes an infinitive 'zu' clause to describe what exactly is being permitted.

The German noun die Erlaubnis is a fundamental concept in both daily social interactions and formal legal structures. At its core, it translates to "permission" in English. It represents the act of being allowed to do something, or the official document or verbal consent that grants that right. In German culture, where rules and regulations (Ordnung) are often clearly defined, knowing how to ask for, receive, and discuss permission is essential for navigating everything from a classroom setting to a high-level business negotiation.

The Social Dimension: In social contexts, die Erlaubnis is what a child seeks from a parent before going out, or what a student asks of a teacher. It implies a hierarchy where one party holds the authority to grant or deny a request. For example, 'Hast du die Erlaubnis deiner Eltern?' (Do you have your parents' permission?) is a common question heard among teenagers.
The Formal Dimension: In professional or legal settings, die Erlaubnis takes on a more bureaucratic tone. It might refer to a work permit (Arbeitserlaubnis) or a residence permit (Aufenthaltserlaubnis). Here, the word is often interchangeable with 'Genehmigung' (authorization), though 'Erlaubnis' remains the more general and versatile term.

Ohne die schriftliche Erlaubnis des Chefs darf niemand das Gebäude nach 20 Uhr betreten.
— Translation: Without the boss's written permission, no one is allowed to enter the building after 8 PM.

The word is feminine, following the common pattern that nouns ending in the suffix -nis are often feminine (though some are neuter, like das Ergebnis). Understanding the gender is crucial because it dictates the articles and adjective endings: eine formelle Erlaubnis, der Erlaubnis (genitive/dative). When you use this word, you are often dealing with the verb erlauben (to allow/permit), which is its direct linguistic relative.

Ich bitte Sie höflich um die Erlaubnis, das Wort zu ergreifen.

Historically, the word is rooted in the idea of 'praising' or 'leaving' something to someone's discretion. In modern German, it has lost the 'praise' connotation but kept the sense of 'granting leave'. Whether you are talking about a 'Baugenehmigung' (building permit) or simply asking 'Darf ich?', the concept of Erlaubnis is the underlying noun that validates the action. It is a word that bridges the gap between individual desire and social or legal acceptance.

Using die Erlaubnis correctly involves understanding its typical grammatical companions. It is frequently used with the preposition um when you are asking for it, and it often takes a genitive object or a 'von' construction to indicate who is giving the permission.

Common Verb Pairings

bitten um + Erlaubnis: to ask for permission.
erteilen / geben + Erlaubnis: to grant/give permission.
erhalten / bekommen + Erlaubnis: to receive/get permission.
verweigern + Erlaubnis: to refuse permission.

Der Lehrer hat dem Schüler die Erlaubnis gegeben, den Raum zu verlassen.

When constructing sentences, you will often see die Erlaubnis followed by an infinitive clause (zu + verb). This explains exactly what the permission is for. For example: "Die Erlaubnis, hier zu parken" (The permission to park here). This structure is very common in formal notices and legal documents. It provides a precise description of the allowed activity without needing a complex sub-clause.

Haben Sie die Erlaubnis des Eigentümers eingeholt?

Another important aspect is the plural form: die Erlaubnisse. While permission is often an uncountable concept in English, in German, you can refer to multiple different permissions or permits as Erlaubnisse. However, in many contexts where you might use the plural, Germans prefer specific compound nouns like Genehmigungen or Lizenzen. Using the word in the negative is also vital: "Ich habe keine Erlaubnis." This is a definitive statement that can stop an action in its tracks.

You will encounter die Erlaubnis in a wide variety of settings, ranging from the mundane to the highly official. In a German household, you might hear a child whining, "Warum hat er die Erlaubnis und ich nicht?" (Why does he have permission and I don't?). This highlights the word's role in everyday fairness and family rules.

In the Workplace: In an office, the word appears in discussions about vacations, remote work, or project approvals. "Ich warte noch auf die Erlaubnis von der Personalabteilung" (I am still waiting for permission from the HR department). It signifies the procedural nature of German corporate life.
In Public and Law: Public signs might not always use the word directly, but official announcements do. For instance, when a street is blocked for a festival, the city grants a 'Sondererlaubnis' (special permission). Police officers might ask for your 'Fahrerlaubnis'—which is the formal term for a driver's license, though most people just say 'Führerschein' in conversation.

Für das Angeln in diesem See benötigen Sie eine behördliche Erlaubnis.

In digital spaces, you see this word constantly. Every time an app asks to access your photos or location, the German interface will use terms like 'Zugriffserlaubnis' (access permission). The GDPR (DSGVO in German) has also made the concept of 'Einwilligung' (consent) and 'Erlaubnis' central to internet usage in Germany. You are constantly 'granting permission' to cookies and data processing.

Ohne Erlaubnis ist das Betreten der Baustelle streng verboten!

Finally, in literature and news, Erlaubnis is used to discuss broader societal permissions. Is a certain political action allowed under the constitution? Does a journalist have the 'Erlaubnis' to publish sensitive information? It is a word that carries the weight of authority and the boundary between the allowed and the forbidden.

One of the most frequent mistakes English speakers make with die Erlaubnis is using the wrong gender. Because many nouns ending in -nis are neuter (like das Gedächtnis or das Zeugnis), learners often say "das Erlaubnis". This is incorrect. It is always die Erlaubnis. Remembering the feminine gender is vital for correct declension.

Confusing 'Erlaubnis' with 'Erlauben': Learners sometimes try to use the noun where a verb is needed. For example, saying "Ich Erlaubnis dir das" instead of "Ich erlaube dir das". Remember: 'Erlaubnis' is the thing (permission), and 'erlauben' is the action (to permit).
The 'Um' Preposition: In English, we say "ask for permission". In German, you must use the preposition um: "um Erlaubnis bitten". Simply saying "fragen für Erlaubnis" is a literal translation from English that sounds very unnatural to a native German ear.

Falsch: Ich frage für Erlaubnis.
Richtig: Ich bitte um Erlaubnis.

Another nuance is the difference between Erlaubnis and Genehmigung. While often interchangeable, Genehmigung is more official and often refers to a formal, written document from an authority (like a building permit). Using Erlaubnis for a major government authorization might sound slightly too informal, while using Genehmigung to ask your friend to borrow a pen is much too formal and sounds sarcastic.

Falsch: Das war eine tolle Erlaubnis. (That was a great permission.)
Richtig: Das war ein tolles Erlebnis. (That was a great experience.)

Finally, be careful with the case after 'erteilen'. It takes the dative for the person receiving permission and the accusative for the permission itself: "Der Vater erteilt dem Sohn (Dative) die Erlaubnis (Accusative)." Getting these cases swapped or using the wrong article is a hallmark of an intermediate learner, but mastering them will make you sound much more fluent.

German is a language of precision, and while die Erlaubnis is the general term for permission, several alternatives exist depending on the context and the level of formality required.

Die Genehmigung vs. Die Erlaubnis: Die Genehmigung is typically formal and bureaucratic. Think of a 'Baugenehmigung' (building permit) or a 'Genehmigungsverfahren' (approval process). Die Erlaubnis is broader and can be used for both personal and formal contexts. If you have 'Erlaubnis', you are allowed; if you have 'Genehmigung', you have been officially authorized.
Die Bewilligung: This word is often used in financial or academic contexts, such as 'die Bewilligung von Geldern' (the granting of funds) or a grant approval. It implies that a request for resources or a specific status has been officially granted after a review.
Das Einverständnis: This means 'agreement' or 'consent'. While similar to permission, it focuses more on the mutual understanding or the 'okay' given by someone. "Im Einverständnis mit..." means "In agreement with...". It is less about authority and more about consensus.

Wir brauchen das Einverständnis aller Beteiligten, bevor wir fortfahren.

In the realm of law, you might also hear die Befugnis, which refers to the 'authority' or 'power' to do something. For example, a police officer has the 'Befugnis' to stop a car. This is not just 'permission' granted to them, but a legal power inherent to their role. Understanding the difference between having permission (Erlaubnis) and having the power (Befugnis) is key for advanced learners.

Die Zustimmung der Eltern ist für den Ausflug erforderlich.

Finally, die Zulassung is specifically used for admissions (like to a university) or registrations (like for a car). While it is a type of 'permission' to participate or use something, it is restricted to those specific institutional contexts. By choosing the right word, you demonstrate a deep understanding of the subtle hierarchies and categories within German society.

How Formal Is It?

Formal

Neutral

Informal

Child friendly

Slang

Fun Fact

The word 'Urlaub' (vacation) actually comes from the same root. Historically, 'Urlaub' was the permission given to a knight or a servant to leave their post temporarily.

Pronunciation Guide

UK /diː ɛɐ̯ˈlaʊ̯pnɪs/

US /di ɛrˈlaʊpnɪs/

The primary stress is on the second syllable: er-LAUB-nis.

Rhymes With

Versäumnis Geheimnis Gedächtnis Erzeugnis Bündnis Wagnis Verständnis Erlebnis

Common Errors

Pronouncing '-nis' like 'nice'. It should be a short 'i' as in 'miss'.
Stressing the first syllable 'ER-laubnis'.
Missing the 'b' sound before the 'n'.
Pronouncing the 'au' like 'o'.
Making the 's' at the end voiced (like a 'z'). It should be unvoiced.

Difficulty Rating

Reading 2/5

The word is easy to recognize due to its common suffix and clear root.

Writing 3/5

Remembering the feminine gender and the plural '-nisse' can be tricky.

Speaking 2/5

Pronunciation is straightforward once you master the 'au' and 'er'.

Listening 2/5

It sounds distinct, though it can be confused with 'Erlebnis' by beginners.

What to Learn Next

Prerequisites

erlauben dürfen geben bitten die Regel

Learn Next

die Genehmigung das Verbot die Voraussetzung die Bedingung das Gesetz

Advanced

der Erlaubnisvorbehalt die Konzession die Befugnis die Einverständniserklärung

Grammar to Know

Nouns ending in -nis are often feminine or neuter.

die Erlaubnis (fem), das Geheimnis (neu).

The verb 'bitten' requires the preposition 'um' for the object being requested.

Ich bitte um Erlaubnis.

Infinitive clauses with 'zu' can expand on a noun.

Die Erlaubnis, hier zu rauchen.

Genitive case is used to show who grants the permission.

Die Erlaubnis des Lehrers.

Compound nouns take the gender of the last word.

Die Arbeits-erlaubnis (feminine because Erlaubnis is feminine).

Examples by Level

Ich brauche die Erlaubnis von meiner Mutter.

I need the permission from my mother.

Simple 'von + Dative' construction to show who gives permission.

Hast du die Erlaubnis?

Do you have the permission?

Direct question with 'haben'.

Ohne Erlaubnis darfst du nicht gehen.

Without permission, you are not allowed to go.

'Ohne' always takes the accusative case.

Hier ist die Erlaubnis.

Here is the permission.

Basic 'Hier ist' structure.

Geben Sie mir bitte die Erlaubnis?

Will you please give me the permission?

Polite 'Sie' form with 'geben'.

Die Erlaubnis ist wichtig.

The permission is important.

Subject-predicate structure.

Er hat keine Erlaubnis.

He has no permission.

Using 'kein' to negate the noun.

Wo ist meine Erlaubnis?

Where is my permission?

Possessive pronoun 'meine' matches feminine 'Erlaubnis'.

Meine Eltern geben mir die Erlaubnis für die Party.

My parents are giving me permission for the party.

Using 'für' to specify the purpose.

Darf ich ohne Erlaubnis der Lehrerin gehen?

May I go without the teacher's permission?

Genitive 'der Lehrerin' shows possession.

Ich bitte um die Erlaubnis, hier zu parken.

I am asking for permission to park here.

'um Erlaubnis bitten' + infinitive clause.

Wir haben die Erlaubnis bekommen, den Film zu sehen.

We got permission to see the movie.

Perfect tense with 'bekommen'.

Sie brauchen eine schriftliche Erlaubnis.

You need a written permission.

Adjective 'schriftliche' in the accusative feminine.

Hast du die Erlaubnis deines Vaters?

Do you have your father's permission?

Genitive 'deines Vaters'.

Ohne Erlaubnis ist das Rauchen verboten.

Without permission, smoking is forbidden.

Standard 'Ohne... verboten' construction.

Er fragte höflich um Erlaubnis.

He asked politely for permission.

Adverb 'höflich' modifying the verb.

Die Arbeitserlaubnis ist für ausländische Mitarbeiter notwendig.

The work permit is necessary for foreign employees.

Compound noun: Arbeits- + Erlaubnis.

Haben Sie die Erlaubnis, diese Daten zu speichern?

Do you have permission to store this data?

Infinitive clause explaining the permission.

Der Chef hat mir die Erlaubnis für den Urlaub erteilt.

The boss granted me permission for the vacation.

Formal verb 'erteilen'.

Ohne die Erlaubnis des Eigentümers darf man das Grundstück nicht betreten.

Without the owner's permission, one may not enter the property.

Genitive 'des Eigentümers'.

Ich warte noch auf die offizielle Erlaubnis der Stadt.

I am still waiting for the official permission from the city.

Prepositional object 'auf die Erlaubnis'.

Die Erlaubnis wurde uns leider verweigert.

Unfortunately, the permission was denied to us.

Passive voice 'wurde verweigert'.

Können Sie mir eine Ausnahme-Erlaubnis geben?

Can you give me an exceptional permission?

Compound noun for a specific case.

Sie müssen um Erlaubnis bitten, bevor Sie das Foto machen.

You must ask for permission before you take the photo.

Subordinate clause with 'bevor'.

Die Erlaubnis zur Durchführung des Experiments liegt vor.

The permission to conduct the experiment is available.

Noun-prepositional phrase 'Erlaubnis zur...'.

Er handelte ohne die ausdrückliche Erlaubnis seiner Vorgesetzten.

He acted without the express permission of his superiors.

Adjective 'ausdrückliche' (express/explicit).

Die Behörde hat die Erlaubnis unter bestimmten Auflagen erteilt.

The authority granted the permission under certain conditions.

'unter Auflagen' is a common legal idiom.

Es mangelt an einer klaren gesetzlichen Erlaubnis für dieses Vorhaben.

There is a lack of a clear legal permission for this project.

'mangeln an + Dative'.

Die Erlaubnis erlischt automatisch nach drei Monaten.

The permission expires automatically after three months.

Formal verb 'erlöschen' (to expire/extinguish).

Wir benötigen Ihre schriftliche Erlaubnis zur Datenverarbeitung.

We require your written permission for data processing.

Professional vocabulary: 'Datenverarbeitung'.

Die Erlaubnis wurde nachträglich widerrufen.

The permission was subsequently revoked.

Adverb 'nachträglich' (subsequently/retroactively).

Haben Sie eine Erlaubnis zum Führen von Schusswaffen?

Do you have a permit to carry firearms?

Substantivized verb 'Führen' in a prepositional phrase.

Die ethische Erlaubnis für solche Eingriffe ist höchst umstritten.

The ethical permission for such interventions is highly controversial.

Abstract usage of 'Erlaubnis'.

Inwieweit bedarf es einer expliziten Erlaubnis durch den Gesetzgeber?

To what extent is an explicit permission by the legislator required?

Verb 'bedürfen' takes the genitive case.

Die Erlaubnis zur Einsichtnahme in die Akten wurde gewährt.

Permission to inspect the files was granted.

Formal noun 'Einsichtnahme'.

Es gibt keine pauschale Erlaubnis für die Nutzung geistigen Eigentums.

There is no blanket permission for the use of intellectual property.

Adjective 'pauschale' (blanket/general).

Die Erlaubnis erstreckt sich lediglich auf den privaten Bereich.

The permission extends only to the private sphere.

Reflexive verb 'sich erstrecken auf'.

Trotz fehlender Erlaubnis setzte er seine Forschung fort.

Despite the lack of permission, he continued his research.

'Trotz' + genitive participle 'fehlender'.

Die Erteilung der Erlaubnis ist an strenge Voraussetzungen geknüpft.

The granting of permission is tied to strict requirements.

Passive construction with 'geknüpft an'.

Eine stillschweigende Erlaubnis kann in diesem Fall nicht angenommen werden.

A tacit permission cannot be assumed in this case.

Legal term 'stillschweigende Erlaubnis'.

Die Erlaubnis dogmatisch von der bloßen Duldung abzugrenzen, ist essenziell.

It is essential to dogmatically distinguish permission from mere toleration.

High-level academic vocabulary ('dogmatisch', 'Duldung').

Die Erlaubnisvorbehalte im Verwaltungsrecht dienen dem Schutz des Gemeinwohls.

The permission requirements in administrative law serve to protect the public good.

Technical legal compound 'Erlaubnisvorbehalte'.

In der Literatur fungiert die Erlaubnis oft als Symbol für die Befreiung von Zwängen.

In literature, permission often functions as a symbol for liberation from constraints.

Metaphorical and analytical usage.

Das Erfordernis einer vorherigen Erlaubnis stellt einen massiven Grundrechtseingriff dar.

The requirement of prior permission represents a massive interference with fundamental rights.

Complex noun-heavy sentence structure.

Die Erlaubnis wurde unter dem Vorbehalt des jederzeitigen Widerrufs erteilt.

The permission was granted subject to revocation at any time.

Advanced legal phrasing 'unter dem Vorbehalt'.

Man kann die Erlaubnis als normative Brücke zwischen Verbot und Freiheit begreifen.

One can conceive of permission as a normative bridge between prohibition and freedom.

Abstract philosophical conceptualization.

Die Erlaubnis zur Publikation war an die Bedingung der Anonymität gebunden.

The permission to publish was bound to the condition of anonymity.

Complex prepositional dependencies.

Hierbei handelt es sich um eine Erlaubnis mit Doppelwirkung.

This is a permission with double effect.

Technical legal term 'Doppelwirkung'.

Common Collocations

um Erlaubnis bitten

die Erlaubnis erteilen

die Erlaubnis entziehen

schriftliche Erlaubnis

ausdrückliche Erlaubnis

die Erlaubnis einholen

behördliche Erlaubnis

die Erlaubnis verweigern

eine Erlaubnis benötigen

die Erlaubnis erhalten

Common Phrases

Mit Ihrer Erlaubnis...

— A very polite way to start a sentence when you are about to do something or interrupt.

Mit Ihrer Erlaubnis würde ich gerne anfangen.

Keine Erlaubnis haben

— To not be allowed to do something.

Ich habe keine Erlaubnis für diesen Bereich.

Die Erlaubnis der Eltern

— Parental consent, often required for minors.

Die Erlaubnis der Eltern liegt vor.

Um Erlaubnis fragen

— A slightly less formal version of 'um Erlaubnis bitten'.

Hast du ihn um Erlaubnis gefragt?

Eine Erlaubnis erteilen

— To officially grant permission.

Der Stadtrat erteilte die Erlaubnis für das Fest.

Ohne Erlaubnis

— Doing something without being authorized.

Er ist ohne Erlaubnis gegangen.

Die Erlaubnis einfordern

— To demand permission (rare but used in rights discussions).

Sie forderte ihre Erlaubnis ein.

Die Erlaubnis widerrufen

— To take back a permission that was previously given.

Die Erlaubnis wurde wegen Fehlverhaltens widerrufen.

Die Erlaubnis besitzen

— To possess or hold a permit.

Er besitzt die Erlaubnis zum Fischen.

Die Erlaubnis verfällt

— The permission expires or becomes invalid.

Die Erlaubnis verfällt am Ende des Jahres.

Often Confused With

die Erlaubnis vs das Erlebnis

Means 'experience'. Sounds similar but is neuter and has a totally different meaning.

die Erlaubnis vs das Ergebnis

Means 'result'. Also ends in -nis and is neuter.

die Erlaubnis vs das Geständnis

Means 'confession'. Neuter noun, related to telling the truth.

Idioms & Expressions

"Jemandem die Erlaubnis geben"

— To give someone the green light.

Mein Chef hat mir die Erlaubnis gegeben, das Projekt zu leiten.

Neutral

"Sich die Erlaubnis herausnehmen"

— To take the liberty of doing something (often implies doing it without asking).

Er nahm sich die Erlaubnis heraus, das Fenster zu öffnen.

Slightly critical

"Um Erlaubnis winseln"

— To beg pathetically for permission.

Er winselte förmlich um Erlaubnis.

Informal/Derogatory

"Die Erlaubnis ist kein Freibrief"

— Permission is not a 'blank check' (you still have to follow other rules).

Diese Erlaubnis ist kein Freibrief für schlechtes Benehmen.

Formal/Idiomatic

"Sich die Erlaubnis erkaufen"

— To bribe someone to get permission.

Er hat sich die Erlaubnis mit Geschenken erkauft.

Critical

"Keine Erlaubnis brauchen"

— To be independent or self-authorized.

Ich brauche keine Erlaubnis von dir!

Informal

"Die Erlaubnis liegt auf Eis"

— The permission is currently suspended or delayed.

Wegen der Krise liegt die Erlaubnis erst mal auf Eis.

Informal

"Jemanden um Erlaubnis schicken"

— To send someone to ask for permission (common for kids).

Schick deinen Bruder um Erlaubnis.

Neutral

"Die Erlaubnis ist das A und O"

— Permission is the most important thing (the alpha and omega).

In dieser Firma ist die Erlaubnis des Chefs das A und O.

Informal

"Mit Brief und Siegel (Erlaubnis)"

— To have permission with 'letter and seal' (completely official and guaranteed).

Ich habe die Erlaubnis mit Brief und Siegel.

Formal/Idiomatic

Easily Confused

die Erlaubnis vs Genehmigung

Both mean permission/authorization.

Genehmigung is more formal and usually implies a written document from an authority. Erlaubnis is more general.

Ich habe die Erlaubnis meiner Mutter, aber ich brauche noch die Genehmigung vom Amt.

die Erlaubnis vs Zustimmung

Both imply saying 'yes' to something.

Zustimmung is 'agreement' or 'consent'. It's more about shared opinion or consensus than authority.

Alle gaben ihre Zustimmung zum neuen Plan.

die Erlaubnis vs Bewilligung

Both involve being allowed to do something.

Bewilligung specifically refers to granting a request for money, resources, or a formal application.

Die Bewilligung des Kredits dauerte zwei Wochen.

die Erlaubnis vs Zulassung

Both are types of permission.

Zulassung is specifically for admissions (university) or technical registrations (cars).

Er hat endlich die Zulassung zum Studium.

die Erlaubnis vs Befugnis

Both relate to what one is allowed to do.

Befugnis is the 'legal power' or 'authority' given by a role or office.

Der Polizist hat die Befugnis, den Verkehr zu regeln.

Sentence Patterns

Ich brauche [die Erlaubnis].

Ich brauche die Erlaubnis.

[Person] gibt mir [die Erlaubnis].

Mein Vater gibt mir die Erlaubnis.

Ich bitte um [die Erlaubnis], [zu + Verb].

Ich bitte um die Erlaubnis, hier zu bleiben.

Ohne [die Erlaubnis] von [Person]...

Ohne die Erlaubnis von meinem Chef darf ich nicht gehen.

Die [Erlaubnis] wurde [erteilt/verweigert].

Die Erlaubnis wurde offiziell erteilt.

Nach Erteilung der [Erlaubnis]...

Nach Erteilung der Erlaubnis begann die Arbeit.

Es bedarf einer [Adjektiv] Erlaubnis.

Es bedarf einer ausdrücklichen Erlaubnis.

Die Erlaubnis unterliegt dem Vorbehalt...

Die Erlaubnis unterliegt dem Vorbehalt des Widerrufs.

Word Family

Nouns

Verbs

Adjectives

How to Use It

frequency

Very common in both spoken and written German.

Common Mistakes

Using 'das Erlaubnis'. → die Erlaubnis
Nouns ending in -nis can be neuter or feminine. 'Erlaubnis' is strictly feminine. This is the most common error.
Saying 'fragen für Erlaubnis'. → um Erlaubnis bitten
In German, you 'request around' (bitten um) something, you don't 'ask for' (fragen für) it in this context.
Confusing 'Erlaubnis' with 'Erlebnis'. → Ich hatte ein tolles Erlebnis.
'Erlebnis' means 'experience'. 'Erlaubnis' means 'permission'. They sound similar but are very different.
Using 'Erlaubnis' where 'Genehmigung' is required. → Ich brauche eine Baugenehmigung.
For official government documents like building permits, 'Genehmigung' is the technically correct term.
Forgetting the double 's' in the plural. → die Erlaubnisse
Nouns ending in -nis double the 's' when a suffix is added (like in the plural).

Tips

Gender Memory

Think of 'Die Erlaubnis' as 'The Lady of Permission'. Associating the feminine article with a persona helps you remember it's 'die' and not 'das' or 'der'.

Verb Connection

Always learn 'erlauben' (verb) and 'Erlaubnis' (noun) together. Use the verb for actions and the noun for rules.

Formal Situations

In an office, use 'Ich benötige eine Erlaubnis' instead of 'Ich brauche...'. It sounds much more professional.

Polite Request

Start a difficult question with 'Mit Ihrer Erlaubnis...'. It shows respect and often makes the other person more willing to help.

The 'Um' Rule

Never say 'fragen für Erlaubnis'. It's always 'um Erlaubnis bitten'. This is a classic marker of a high-level learner.

Double 's' in Plural

Remember that the plural 'Erlaubnisse' adds an extra 's' before the 'e'. This happens to all German nouns ending in -nis.

Red vs Green

Think of 'Erlaubnis' as a green light. 'Verbot' is a red light. Visualizing traffic lights helps categorize these words in your mind.

The '-nis' Suffix

Listen for the sharp 's' sound at the end. It's never a 'z' sound. This clarity helps you identify the word in fast speech.

Official Signs

When you see 'Ohne Erlaubnis verboten', it means you absolutely cannot enter or do that thing. It's a very common sign in Germany.

Parental Consent

In Germany, children often need a 'Muttizettel' (mom's note) for events. This is a colloquial way of saying they have 'die Erlaubnis der Eltern'.

Memorize It

Mnemonic

Think of 'ER' (he) and 'LAUB' (leaves). 'He leaves' only when he has 'Erlaubnis' (permission). Or connect it to 'Urlaub' (vacation) – you need 'Erlaubnis' to go on 'Urlaub'.

Visual Association

Imagine a big green checkmark on a document. The document says 'ERLAUBNIS' in bold letters. Beside it is a person smiling because they are finally allowed to go through a gate.

Word Web

erlauben erlaubt Verbot Genehmigung Urlaub bitten erteilen Regel

Challenge

Try to use 'die Erlaubnis' in three different sentences today: one about your job, one about your hobbies, and one about a childhood memory.

Word Origin

The word comes from the Middle High German 'erlouben' and Old High German 'irloubōn'. It is derived from the root 'loub-', which is also found in 'Glaube' (faith/belief) and 'Urlaub' (vacation/leave).

Original meaning: Originally, it meant to give someone 'leave' or to 'praise' an action as acceptable. It was closely tied to the idea of trust and social approval.

Germanic (Indo-European)

Cultural Context

Be careful when discussing 'Arbeitserlaubnis' (work permits), as it can be a sensitive political and personal topic for many people living in Germany.

English speakers often use 'permission' more loosely. In German, 'Erlaubnis' can feel a bit heavier or more formal depending on the context.

The 'Aufenthaltserlaubnis' is a central theme in many immigrant stories and films in Germany. In Kafka's 'The Castle', the protagonist spends the entire book trying to get a specific 'Erlaubnis' that never comes. The phrase 'mit freundlicher Erlaubnis' (with kind permission) is common in academic citations.

Practice in Real Life

Real-World Contexts

At Home

Hast du die Erlaubnis?
Frag Papa um Erlaubnis.
Ich gebe dir die Erlaubnis.
Ohne Erlaubnis kein Fernsehen.

At Work

Ich brauche die Erlaubnis vom Chef.
Die Arbeitserlaubnis liegt vor.
Erlaubnis für Überstunden.
Schriftliche Erlaubnis einholen.

In Public

Haben Sie eine Parkerlaubnis?
Angeln ohne Erlaubnis verboten.
Sondererlaubnis für das Event.
Zugriffserlaubnis verweigert.

Legal/Bureaucracy

Die Erlaubnis erteilen.
Die Erlaubnis widerrufen.
Behördliche Erlaubnis.
Antrag auf Erlaubnis.

Technology

App-Zugriffserlaubnis.
Kamera-Erlaubnis geben.
Erlaubnis für Cookies.
Datenschutz-Erlaubnis.

Conversation Starters

"Hast du früher oft ohne Erlaubnis deiner Eltern heimlich Dinge getan?"

"Welche Erlaubnis ist in deinem Beruf am schwierigsten zu bekommen?"

"Glaubst du, dass Kinder heutzutage zu viel oder zu wenig Erlaubnis haben?"

"Braucht man in deiner Stadt eine spezielle Erlaubnis, um ein Haustier zu halten?"

"Was war die wichtigste Erlaubnis, die du jemals in deinem Leben erhalten hast?"

Journal Prompts

Schreibe über eine Zeit, in der dir die Erlaubnis für etwas Wichtiges verweigert wurde. Wie hast du dich gefühlt?

Ist es besser, um Erlaubnis zu bitten oder um Entschuldigung? Diskutiere deine Meinung.

Welche bürokratischen Erlaubnisse nerven dich im Alltag am meisten und warum?

Stell dir vor, du hättest die Erlaubnis, ein neues Gesetz in deinem Land einzuführen. Welches wäre das?

Wie wichtig ist die Erlaubnis der Gesellschaft für dein persönliches Glück?

Frequently Asked Questions

10 questions

It is always feminine: 'die Erlaubnis'. A common mistake is using 'das', but you should remember it's feminine like most -nis nouns that describe abstract concepts of permission or action.

'Erlaubnis' is a general term for permission, while 'Genehmigung' is more formal and usually refers to an official document issued by an authority, like a building permit.

The most common way is 'um Erlaubnis bitten'. You can also say 'um Erlaubnis fragen', but 'bitten' is slightly more formal and precise.

The plural is 'die Erlaubnisse'. It is used when referring to multiple different permits or instances of permission.

Yes, the formal term is 'Fahrerlaubnis', but in everyday conversation, most Germans say 'Führerschein'.

When asking for it, use 'um'. When specifying what it's for, you can use 'für' or 'zu' + an infinitive clause.

Both are correct. 'Geben' is neutral and common in speech, while 'erteilen' is formal and common in writing or official contexts.

No, it can be a verbal 'yes' from a parent or friend. It's the concept of being allowed, not just the physical permit.

It means 'work permit'. It is the official permission granted by the state for a foreign national to work in Germany.

Yes! Both come from the same linguistic root meaning 'leave' or 'permission'. 'Urlaub' was originally the permission to leave one's duties.