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عرضه کردن

A2 verb #3,800 most common 7 min read

عرضه کردن

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Practice it Examples Notes & Tips عرضه کردن in 30 Seconds

Explanation عرضه کردن in your Level:

At the A1 level, you don't need to worry about the complex economic theories behind 'عرضه کردن'. Just think of it as a fancy way to say 'to put things in a shop' or 'to show something for sale.' Imagine you are at a small market (Bazaar). The fruit seller has apples. He puts them on the table so people can see and buy them. That act of putting them out is 'Arze kardan.' You might see this word on simple signs in a store. If you see 'عرضه شد' (Arze shod), it just means 'Now Available' or 'We have it now.' Focus on the connection between the object (like an apple or a book) and the place (the shop). Don't worry about the grammar of compound verbs yet; just recognize that 'Arze' + 'Kardan' means 'to provide/supply.' Practice saying simple sentences like 'این فروشگاه نان عرضه می‌کند' (This shop supplies bread). It's a useful word to know when you are looking for specific items in a city. Even at this early stage, knowing this word helps you understand basic advertisements in Persian-speaking environments.

At the A2 level, you should begin to distinguish 'عرضه کردن' from the simple verb 'فروختن' (to sell). While 'to sell' is about the exchange of money, 'عرضه کردن' is about the availability of the product. At this level, you can use it to describe what businesses do. For example, if you are talking about your job or a local business, you can say 'شرکت ما نرم‌افزار عرضه می‌کند' (Our company supplies software). You will also notice it in the context of 'Supply and Demand' (Arze o Taghaza), which is a common phrase even in basic news. You should practice the past tense ('عرضه کرد') and the present tense ('عرضه می‌کند'). Remember that it is a compound verb, so the 'می' (mi) prefix goes on the 'kardan' part. This is also the level where you might hear the word used for 'offering' help or services in a slightly more formal way than 'dadan' (to give). If you want to sound more polite and professional in a shop or office, using 'Arze kardan' instead of just 'selling' will make your Persian sound much more advanced and respectful of the business environment.

For B1 learners, 'عرضه کردن' becomes a tool for discussing social and economic issues. You should be able to use it in the context of market trends. For instance, you might discuss why the price of houses is rising: 'عرضه مسکن کم شده است' (The supply of housing has decreased). At this level, you should also be comfortable with the passive form 'عرضه شدن' (to be supplied). This is very common in news reports where the focus is on the goods rather than the seller. 'گوشت ارزان در بازار عرضه شد' (Cheap meat was supplied in the market). You should also start noticing the noun form 'عرضه‌کننده' (supplier). If you are writing an essay about the environment, you might talk about the 'supply of clean water.' B1 is the stage where you move from physical objects (like bread and cars) to more abstract concepts like 'offering services' or 'supplying energy.' You should also be careful not to confuse it with 'ارائه کردن' (to present/provide info), which is a common pitfall at this intermediate stage. Practice using 'Arze' specifically for commodities and 'Era'e' for things like reports, presentations, or digital data.

At the B2 level, you are expected to use 'عرضه کردن' with precision in professional and academic contexts. You should understand its role in compound structures and more complex sentences. For example, you might use it in a business proposal: 'ما قصد داریم محصولات خود را در بازارهای بین‌المللی عرضه کنیم' (We intend to offer our products in international markets). You should also be aware of the financial terminology associated with it, such as 'عرضه اولیه' (IPO). At this level, you can appreciate the nuance of the word in political discourse, such as when a government 'supplies' subsidies or 'supplies' currency to stabilize the Rial. Your vocabulary should also include related terms like 'عرضه‌محور' (supply-oriented). You should be able to debate the pros and cons of 'direct supply' (عرضه مستقیم) versus using distributors. In your writing, use 'Arze kardan' to give your text a formal, authoritative tone. You should also be able to recognize the word in classical or formal literature where it might mean 'to present an argument' or 'to display a quality,' though these are less common in modern speech. Mastery at B2 means knowing exactly when 'Arze' is the most appropriate word compared to 'Tozi' (distribute) or 'Era'e' (present).

C1 learners should explore the deeper etymological and stylistic layers of 'عرضه کردن.' This involves understanding its Arabic roots and how it has evolved in Persian. You should be able to use it in high-level economic analysis, discussing 'elasticity of supply' (کشسانی عرضه) or 'aggregate supply.' At this level, the word is not just a verb but a concept. You should be able to use it metaphorically or in highly formal settings, such as 'عرضه داشت' (a very formal way of saying 'he stated/presented' to a high official). You should also be sensitive to the 'register' of the word; it is the language of the 'Bourse' (Stock Exchange), the 'Vezarat-e Eqtesad' (Ministry of Economy), and high-level corporate strategy. C1 learners should also be aware of the slang usage of 'Arze' (competence) and how to navigate the linguistic distance between the formal verb and the informal noun. You might analyze how 'Arze' is used in Persian media to frame economic narratives—for example, how 'lack of supply' is often blamed for inflation. Your ability to use this verb should be seamless, reflecting an understanding of its collocation with terms like 'تقاضا' (demand), 'بازار' (market), 'کالا' (commodity), and 'ارز' (foreign currency).

At the C2 level, 'عرضه کردن' is a versatile tool in your linguistic arsenal, used with the nuance of a native speaker. You should be able to perceive the subtle connotations it carries in different historical periods of Persian literature versus modern technical Persian. In a C2 context, you might use the word in a philosophical treatise to discuss the 'manifestation' (عرضه) of the self or ideas in the public sphere. You should have a complete command over all its derived forms and compound variations. You can participate in complex economic debates, perhaps critiquing 'supply-side economics' (اقتصاد جانب عرضه) in Persian. You should also be able to use the word in legal contexts, such as the 'supply of evidence' or 'offering terms in a contract.' At this level, you are not just using a word; you are manipulating a concept that sits at the intersection of Arabic legal-commercial tradition and modern Persian economic thought. You should be able to identify and use archaic forms like 'عرضه کردن' in the sense of 'reviewing troops' (as in 'Arz-e sepah') which appears in historical texts. Your mastery includes the ability to switch between the highly technical economic usage, the formal business usage, and the nuanced literary usage without hesitation.

Practice it Examples Notes & Tips

عرضه کردن in 30 Seconds

A formal verb for supplying or offering goods.
Essential for business, economics, and shopping contexts.
Often used in the phrase 'Supply and Demand' (عرضه و تقاضا).
Distinguished from 'Era'e kardan' (presenting info) and 'Forookhtan' (selling).

The Persian compound verb عرضه کردن (Arze kardan) is a cornerstone of both commercial and formal Persian. At its core, it signifies the act of making something available, presenting it to an audience, or placing it on the market for consumption or sale. Derived from the Arabic root 'Arḍ' (meaning to show, present, or exhibit) combined with the Persian light verb 'kardan' (to do/make), it carries a sense of 'bringing something forth into the public eye.' In modern contexts, you will encounter this word most frequently in business news, economic discussions, and retail environments. It bridges the gap between simply 'selling' and 'officially launching' or 'supplying' a product or service. When a company releases a new smartphone, they are Arze kardan. When a farmer brings their harvest to the local market to ensure there is enough food for the city, they are also Arze kardan.

Economic Context: In economics, this verb is the direct counterpart to 'demand.' The phrase 'عرضه و تقاضا' (Supply and Demand) is fundamental to understanding market dynamics in Iran. Here, it refers to the total volume of goods available.
Business Context: Used when a new product is introduced. It implies a formal release or a distribution phase. For example, 'The company offered its shares on the stock exchange' uses this verb.
Abstract Context: Occasionally used for presenting ideas or showing off a skill, though 'ارائه کردن' is more common for presentations. In older literature, it could mean showing one's beauty or power.

این شرکت محصولات جدید خود را به بازار عرضه کرد.
(This company offered/supplied its new products to the market.)

Understanding the nuance of this verb requires looking at its social application. In Iran, where the 'Bazaar' culture remains influential, the concept of 'Arze' (Supply) is tied to availability. When goods are scarce, people talk about a 'lack of Arze.' Therefore, the verb is not just about the transaction of money, but the act of making the resource accessible to the community. It differs from 'فروختن' (to sell) because selling is the final act, whereas supplying is the systemic process of making things ready for sale. If a store has items on the shelf but refuses to sell them, they have 'supplied' them to the space, but haven't 'sold' them yet. This distinction is vital for intermediate learners who want to sound more professional in their Persian communication.

Grammatically, عرضه کردن is a transitive compound verb. This means it requires a direct object (the thing being supplied) and often an indirect object (the market or the people receiving the supply). The direct object is usually marked with the particle 'را' (ra) if it is specific. The indirect object is typically introduced with the preposition 'به' (be - to). The structure follows the standard Persian Subject-Object-Verb (SOV) order. For example: 'دولت (Subject) گندم (Object) را به بازار (Indirect Object) عرضه کرد (Verb).'

Active Voice: The subject performs the act of supplying. Example: 'ما خدمات خود را به صورت آنلاین عرضه می‌کنیم.' (We offer our services online.)
Passive Voice: Using 'عرضه شدن' (to be supplied). Example: 'کالاهای ارزان در این فروشگاه عرضه می‌شوند.' (Cheap goods are supplied in this store.)

آن‌ها قصد دارند سهام خود را در بورس عرضه کنند.
(They intend to offer their shares on the stock exchange.)

One interesting grammatical feature is how the verb interacts with 'time.' In the present continuous, it implies a current, ongoing distribution process: 'دارند کالاها را عرضه می‌کنند' (They are currently supplying the goods). In the future tense, it often appears in business plans or government announcements: 'هفته آینده عرضه خواهد شد' (It will be supplied next week). Learners should also note the noun form 'عرضه' (Arze), which is frequently used in compound nouns like 'عرضه‌کننده' (supplier/provider). If you are talking about an Internet Service Provider (ISP), you might call them an 'Internet Service Arze-konande.'

You will encounter عرضه کردن in several distinct layers of Persian society. First and foremost is the **News and Media**. If you watch the 9:00 PM news on IRIB or read economic journals like 'Donya-e-Eqtesad,' this word appears in almost every report regarding the price of gold, currency, or basic commodities. Headlines often read: 'عرضه گسترده گوشت برای تنظیم بازار' (Widespread supply of meat to regulate the market). In this context, it carries a heavy, official weight, implying government intervention or large-scale market movements.

بانک مرکزی ارز بیشتری به بازار عرضه کرد.
(The Central Bank supplied more foreign currency to the market.)

The second major domain is **Retail and Advertising**. When a new brand of chocolate or a new model of a car enters the Iranian market, billboards will use the phrase 'عرضه شد' (Now Supplied/Released). It sounds more prestigious than 'we are selling this.' It suggests that the product is now available for the public to access. If you are walking through a mall in Tehran, you might see signs saying 'عرضه مستقیم از کارخانه' (Direct supply from the factory), which is a common marketing tactic to suggest lower prices by cutting out the middleman.

The Stock Market (Bourse): The term 'عرضه اولیه' (Initial Public Offering - IPO) is extremely common among Iranian investors. It refers to the first time a company's shares are supplied to the public.
Academic Presentations: While 'ارائه' is more common, a professor might ask a student to 'Arze' their findings, meaning to put them forward for critique.

Learners often confuse عرضه کردن with other verbs that involve 'giving' or 'showing.' The most common confusion is with ارائه کردن (Era'e kardan). While both involve presenting something, 'Arze' is primarily for goods, commodities, and market supply, whereas 'Era'e' is for information, presentations, documents, or IDs. You 'Arze' milk to a store, but you 'Era'e' your passport to an officer. Using 'Arze' for your passport would sound like you are trying to sell it or put it on the market!

Mistake: Confusing with 'Forookhtan': Saying 'Arze kardan' when you just mean 'to sell' a single item to a friend. 'Arze' implies a broader availability to a group or market.
Mistake: Preposition Error: Using 'با' (with) instead of 'به' (to). You supply 'to' a market, not 'with' a market.

Wrong: من پاسپورتم را عرضه کردم.
Right: من پاسپورتم را ارائه کردم.
(You present/provide an ID, you don't 'supply' it like a commodity.)

Another nuance is the word 'عرضه' (Arze) used on its own as a personality trait. In informal slang, having 'عرضه' means having 'guts' or 'competence.' If someone says 'تو عرضه نداری' (To arze nadari), they aren't talking about economics—they are insulting you by saying 'You are incompetent' or 'You don't have what it takes.' However, the verb Arze kardan is almost never used in this slang sense. It remains professional and commercial. Learners should be careful not to mix the commercial verb with the personal noun in the wrong context.

Depending on the level of formality and the specific context, you might want to use alternatives to عرضه کردن. Understanding these synonyms will help you refine your Persian and avoid repetition in writing.

ارائه کردن (Era'e kardan): Use this for services, IDs, reports, or digital information. 'ما خدمات پشتیبانی ارائه می‌کنیم' (We provide support services).
توزیع کردن (Tozi' kardan): Specifically means 'to distribute.' Use this when talking about the logistics of moving goods from a warehouse to various shops.
فراهم کردن (Faraham kardan): Means 'to provide' or 'to make available.' This is more general and can be used for opportunities, money, or comfort.
پخش کردن (Pakhsh kardan): A less formal way to say 'distribute' or 'broadcast.' Used for flyers, music, or food distribution in a neighborhood.

Comparison: 'عرضه' focuses on the market availability; 'توزیع' focuses on the physical movement; 'ارائه' focuses on the presentation.

If you are in a very formal literary setting, you might encounter 'معروض داشتن' (Ma'rouz dashtan), which is an extremely polite way of 'stating' or 'presenting' something to a superior. However, for 99% of daily and business life, Arze kardan is your go-to word for anything involving the supply of goods to the public. In a restaurant, they don't 'Arze' food; they 'Serve' (Sero kardan) or 'Paziraei' (host). But the company that sells the frozen meat to the restaurant definitely 'Arze' it to them.

How Formal Is It?

Fun Fact

In ancient military contexts, 'عرض' was used for the inspection of troops. The 'Arz-e Sepah' was the day the King would review his soldiers to see their strength. Today, that same root helps you buy a new iPhone!

Pronunciation Guide

UK /æɾˈze kʲæɾˈdæn/

US /ærˈzeɪ kɑːrˈdæn/

The primary stress is on the last syllable of the noun part 'Ar-ZÉ' and the last syllable of the verb part 'kar-DÁN'.

Rhymes With

لرزه (Larze - tremor) هرزه (Harze - vain/waste) سبزه (Sabze - greenery) روزه (Rouze - fast) کوزه (Kouze - jar) موزه (Mouze - museum) حوزه (Houze - field/area) تازه (Taze - fresh)

Common Errors

Pronouncing 'Arze' as 'Ar-zee' (it should be 'Ar-zeh').
Putting the stress on the first syllable.
Merging the two words into one sound without a slight break.
Confusing the 'z' sound with 'zh' (French J).
Swallowing the final 'n' in 'kardan'.

Difficulty Rating

Reading 2/5

Easy to recognize in news and store signs.

Writing 3/5

Requires knowledge of compound verb conjugation.

Speaking 3/5

Important to distinguish from 'Era'e' to sound natural.

Listening 2/5

Clear pronunciation makes it easy to spot in audio.

What to Learn Next

Prerequisites

کردن (To do) بازار (Market) کالا (Goods) فروختن (To sell) به (To)

Learn Next

تقاضا (Demand) توزیع کردن (To distribute) تولید کردن (To produce) مصرف کردن (To consume) اقتصاد (Economy)

Advanced

نقدینگی (Liquidity) تورم (Inflation) سهام (Shares) انحصار (Monopoly) صادرات (Exports)

Grammar to Know

Compound Verb Conjugation

In the present tense, 'mi-' is added to 'kardan': عرضه می‌کنم.

Direct Object Marker 'Ra'

If the supplied item is specific: کتاب را عرضه کرد.

Passive Voice with 'Shodan'

Change 'kardan' to 'shodan' for 'to be supplied': عرضه شد.

Subjunctive Mood after Modals

باید کالاها را عرضه کنیم (We must supply the goods).

Noun Incorporation

The noun 'Arze' can stand alone as a subject or object: عرضه کم است.

Examples by Level

این مغازه سیب عرضه می‌کند.

This shop supplies apples.

Simple present tense: عرضه می‌کند.

آن‌ها نان تازه عرضه کردند.

They supplied fresh bread.

Simple past tense: عرضه کردند.

کجا کتاب عرضه می‌کنند؟

Where do they supply/sell books?

Question form with 'Koja' (Where).

ما میوه عرضه می‌کنیم.

We supply fruit.

First person plural: ما ... می‌کنیم.

اینجا شیر عرضه می‌شود.

Milk is supplied here.

Passive voice: عرضه می‌شود.

فروشگاه لباس‌های ارزان عرضه کرد.

The store supplied cheap clothes.

Adjective 'arzan' (cheap) modifying 'lebas-ha'.

او گل عرضه می‌کند.

He supplies flowers.

Third person singular: او ... می‌کند.

آیا شما قهوه عرضه می‌کنید؟

Do you supply coffee?

Interrogative particle 'Aya' used for formal questions.

این شرکت محصولات جدیدی عرضه کرده است.

This company has offered new products.

Present perfect tense: عرضه کرده است.

دولت برنج ارزان به بازار عرضه کرد.

The government supplied cheap rice to the market.

Compound verb with indirect object 'be bazar'.

آن‌ها خدمات خود را آنلاین عرضه می‌کنند.

They offer their services online.

Adverb 'online' used in Persian.

ما باید کالاهای بهتری عرضه کنیم.

We must supply better goods.

Modal verb 'bayad' (must) + subjunctive ' عرضه کنیم'.

فروشنده محصولات را با تخفیف عرضه کرد.

The seller offered the products with a discount.

Prepositional phrase 'ba takhfif' (with discount).

آیا این مدل ماشین در ایران عرضه می‌شود؟

Is this car model supplied in Iran?

Passive present: عرضه می‌شود.

آن‌ها قصد دارند کتاب جدید را فردا عرضه کنند.

They intend to release the new book tomorrow.

Infinitive construction with 'ghasd dardan'.

نمایشگاه صنایع دستی عرضه می‌کند.

The exhibition supplies/displays handicrafts.

Subject 'namayeshgah' (exhibition).

با افزایش تقاضا، عرضه کالا نیز باید افزایش یابد.

With the increase in demand, the supply of goods must also increase.

Noun 'Arze' used in an economic context.

تولیدکنندگان محصولات خود را به طور مستقیم عرضه می‌کنند.

Producers supply their products directly.

Adverbial phrase 'be towr-e mostaghim' (directly).

بانک مرکزی ارز کافی به بازار عرضه نکرده است.

The Central Bank has not supplied enough foreign currency to the market.

Negative present perfect: عرضه نکرده است.

این وب‌سایت محتوای آموزشی رایگان عرضه می‌کند.

This website offers free educational content.

Adjective 'rayegan' (free) modifying 'mohtava'.

کالاهای قاچاق نباید در بازار عرضه شوند.

Smuggled goods should not be supplied in the market.

Passive subjunctive: عرضه شوند.

شرکت اپل گوشی‌های جدید خود را عرضه خواهد کرد.

Apple will release its new phones.

Future tense: عرضه خواهد کرد.

کمبود عرضه باعث افزایش قیمت‌ها شده است.

Shortage of supply has caused prices to increase.

Noun 'Arze' as the object of 'kambud' (shortage).

آن‌ها در حال عرضه نسخه‌ی آزمایشی نرم‌افزار هستند.

They are currently releasing the beta version of the software.

Present continuous: در حال عرضه ... هستند.

عرضه اولیه سهام این شرکت با استقبال زیادی روبرو شد.

The IPO of this company's shares was met with great enthusiasm.

Technical term: عرضه اولیه (IPO).

دولت برای کنترل تورم، کالاهای اساسی را عرضه کرد.

The government supplied basic commodities to control inflation.

Infinitive of purpose: برای کنترل تورم.

این هنرمند آثار خود را در گالری عرضه کرده است.

This artist has presented/exhibited their works in the gallery.

Use of 'Arze' in an artistic context.

بسیاری از شرکت‌ها خدمات خود را در سطح جهانی عرضه می‌کنند.

Many companies offer their services on a global level.

Phrase 'dar sath-e jahani' (globally).

اگر عرضه محدود شود، قیمت‌ها به شدت بالا می‌روند.

If supply is limited, prices will rise sharply.

Conditional sentence (Type 1).

فروشگاه‌های زنجیره‌ای محصولات متنوعی عرضه می‌کنند.

Chain stores offer a variety of products.

Adjective 'motanave' (diverse/varied).

عرضه گسترده واکسن در سراسر کشور آغاز شده است.

Widespread supply of the vaccine has begun across the country.

Noun phrase: عرضه گسترده (Widespread supply).

آن‌ها می‌خواهند تکنولوژی جدیدی را به بازار عرضه کنند.

They want to introduce a new technology to the market.

Subjunctive after 'mikhand' (they want).

تعادل بین عرضه و تقاضا ضامن ثبات اقتصادی است.

The balance between supply and demand is the guarantee of economic stability.

Formal academic sentence structure.

شرکت مذکور از عرضه محصولات معیوب خودداری کرد.

The aforementioned company refrained from supplying defective products.

Formal participle 'mazkur' and preposition 'az ... khoddari kard'.

نظریه اقتصادی کلاسیک بر اهمیت عرضه تاکید دارد.

Classical economic theory emphasizes the importance of supply.

Abstract academic context.

عرضه خدمات دولتی باید به صورت عادلانه صورت گیرد.

The provision of government services must be carried out fairly.

Passive construction 'surat girad' (to take place).

وی در سخنرانی خود، طرح جدیدی را عرضه داشت.

In his speech, he presented/stated a new plan.

Highly formal/archaic variant: عرضه داشت.

محدودیت‌های قانونی مانع از عرضه برخی کالاها می‌شود.

Legal restrictions prevent the supply of certain goods.

Subject 'mahdudiyat-ha' (restrictions).

عرضه بیش از حد پول منجر به تورم می‌شود.

Excessive supply of money leads to inflation.

Idiomatic cause-effect: 'monjar be ... mishavad'.

او تمام توان خود را برای عرضه یک اثر هنری ماندگار به کار بست.

He utilized all his power to present an enduring work of art.

Complex compound sentence.

در این جستار، نویسنده به عرضه دیدگاه‌های نوین در فلسفه اخلاق می‌پردازد.

In this essay, the author proceeds to present novel perspectives in moral philosophy.

Highly formal 'be ... mi-pardazad' construction.

تجلی حقیقت در گرو عرضه بی‌پیرایه آن است.

The manifestation of truth depends on its unadorned presentation.

Philosophical/Literary register.

عرضه اندام در برابر قدرت‌های بزرگ، هزینه‌های گزافی دارد.

Flexing one's muscles (showing off) against great powers has exorbitant costs.

Idiomatic use: عرضه اندام (Flexing muscles/showing off).

سیاست‌های انقباضی موجب کاهش عرضه نقدینگی در جامعه شد.

Contractionary policies resulted in the reduction of liquidity supply in society.

Technical macroeconomic terminology.

او با عرضه شکوه و شکایت، سعی در جلب ترحم داشت.

By presenting/venting his grievances and complaints, he tried to attract pity.

Literary use for abstract emotions.

عرضه و تقاضای کل در اقتصاد کلان، مفاهیم بنیادین هستند.

Aggregate supply and demand are fundamental concepts in macroeconomics.

Academic pluralization.

این کالا تنها در بازارهای سیاه عرضه می‌گردد.

This commodity is supplied only in black markets.

Formal passive 'mi-gardad' instead of 'mi-shavad'.

نویسنده در این فصل به عرضه مستندات تاریخی مبادرت ورزیده است.

In this chapter, the author has undertaken the presentation of historical documents.

Very formal 'mobaderat varzide ast' construction.

Synonyms

ارائه کردن توزیع کردن فراهم کردن پخش کردن پیشنهاد دادن فروختن معروض داشتن منتشر کردن

Antonyms

احتکار کردن جمع‌آوری کردن خریدن تقاضا کردن

Common Collocations

عرضه و تقاضا

عرضه اولیه

عرضه مستقیم

عرضه گسترده

عرضه محدود

عرضه خدمات

عرضه کالا

عرضه نقدینگی

عرضه عمومی

عرضه محصول

Common Phrases

به بازار عرضه کردن

— To release or supply to the market.

آن‌ها گوشی جدید را به بازار عرضه کردند.

در بورس عرضه کردن

— To offer shares on the stock exchange.

شرکت نفت سهام خود را در بورس عرضه کرد.

عرضه رایگان

— Free distribution/offering.

این نرم‌افزار به صورت عرضه رایگان در دسترس است.

عرضه دولتی

— Government-provided supply (often at subsidized prices).

گوشت با قیمت عرضه دولتی فروخته می‌شود.

توقف عرضه

— Halting the supply.

کارخانه به دلیل مشکلات فنی توقف عرضه داد.

عرضه اینترنتی

— Online supply/offering.

عرضه اینترنتی بلیت‌ها از فردا آغاز می‌شود.

عرضه انحصاری

— Exclusive supply/offering.

این برند عرضه انحصاری این شرکت است.

عرضه مازاد

— Excess supply/Surplus.

عرضه مازاد گندم باعث کاهش قیمت شد.

عرضه و فروش

— Supply and sale.

مرکز عرضه و فروش قطعات یدکی.

عرضه به قیمت مصوب

— Supplying at the officially approved price.

کالاها باید به قیمت مصوب عرضه شوند.

Often Confused With

عرضه کردن vs ارائه کردن

Era'e is for info/presentations; Arze is for goods/market supply.

عرضه کردن vs فروختن

Forookhtan is the transaction; Arze is the availability/supply.

عرضه کردن vs توزیع کردن

Tozi' is the logistics of spreading goods; Arze is the market offering.

Idioms & Expressions

"عرضه اندام کردن"

— To show off, to manifest one's power, or to flex one's muscles (metaphorically).

او در مسابقات عرضه اندام کرد.

Formal/Literary

"بی‌عرضه"

— Incompetent, useless, or lacking guts (adjective derived from the noun 'Arze').

او آدم بی‌عرضه‌ای است.

Informal/Slang

"با‌عرضه"

— Competent, capable, and resourceful.

یک مدیر با‌عرضه می‌تواند شرکت را نجات دهد.

Informal/Neutral

"عرضه داشتن"

— To have the competence or 'guts' to do something.

اگر عرضه داری، خودت انجامش بده!

Informal/Challenging

"عرضه کردن خود"

— To present oneself (can be formal or, in certain contexts, suggestive).

او خود را به عنوان کاندیدا عرضه کرد.

Neutral

"عرضه و تقاضای عشق"

— A poetic way to describe the balance of affection between two people.

در بازار عشق، عرضه و تقاضا برابر نیست.

Literary

"عرضه به محضر"

— To present to the presence of (a very formal way of giving something to a superior).

گزارش به محضر ایشان عرضه شد.

Very Formal

"کم‌عرضه"

— Lacking sufficient skill or initiative.

او در کارهای فنی کم‌عرضه است.

Informal

"عرضه کردن هنر"

— To showcase one's art or talent.

او در خیابان هنر خود را عرضه می‌کرد.

Neutral

"در معرض عرضه قرار دادن"

— To put something in a position to be supplied/seen.

کالاها در معرض عرضه عمومی قرار گرفتند.

Formal

Easily Confused

عرضه کردن vs ارز (Arz)

Sounds exactly like the first syllable of 'Arze'.

'Arz' means foreign currency; 'Arze' means supply. They are often used together (Arze-ye Arz = Supply of currency).

عرضه ارز در بازار زیاد شد.

عرضه کردن vs عرض (Arz)

Identical spelling in some contexts.

'Arz' can mean 'width' or 'stating something'. 'Arze' is the noun for supply.

عرض این جاده کم است.

عرضه کردن vs ارائه (Era'e)

Similar meaning of 'presenting'.

'Era'e' is for abstract things or documents; 'Arze' is for physical products or economic supply.

ارائه کارت ملی الزامی است.

عرضه کردن vs توزیع (Tozi')

Both involve giving things to a market.

'Tozi'' is about the physical path/delivery; 'Arze' is about the commercial offer.

توزیع شیر رایگان در مدارس.

عرضه کردن vs فراهم (Faraham)

Both mean making something available.

'Faraham' is general 'providing'; 'Arze' is specific to 'supplying for sale/market'.

او شرایط را فراهم کرد.

Sentence Patterns

[Noun] عرضه می‌کنم.

سیب عرضه می‌کنم.

این [Shop] [Noun] عرضه می‌کند.

این مغازه کتاب عرضه می‌کند.

[Company] [Object] را به بازار عرضه کرد.

سامسونگ گوشی جدید را به بازار عرضه کرد.

به دلیل [Reason]، عرضه [Noun] کاهش یافت.

به دلیل تحریم، عرضه قطعات کاهش یافت.

تعادل میان عرضه و تقاضا در [Context] حیاتی است.

تعادل میان عرضه و تقاضا در بازار مسکن حیاتی است.

عرضه اولیه سهام [Company] در تاریخ [Date].

عرضه اولیه سهام فولاد در تاریخ دهم ماه.

وی به عرضه آرای خود در باب [Subject] پرداخت.

وی به عرضه آرای خود در باب منطق پرداخت.

هرگونه عرضه خارج از شبکه قانونی، جرم محسوب می‌شود.

Word Family

Nouns

عرضه (Supply/Presentation)

عرضه‌کننده (Supplier/Provider)

معرض (Place of show/exposure)

عریضه (Petition/Formal letter)

Verbs

عرضه کردن (To supply)

عرضه شدن (To be supplied)

معروض داشتن (To state formally)

Adjectives

عرضه‌شده (Supplied/Released)

باعرضه (Competent)

بی‌عرضه (Incompetent)

تقاضا (Demand)

بازار (Market)

کالا (Commodity)

توزیع (Distribution)

ارائه (Presentation)

How to Use It

frequency

Very common in media, business, and formal speech. Less common in casual family talk.

Common Mistakes

Using 'Arze kardan' for showing a passport. → ارائه کردن (Era'e kardan)
'Arze' is for commercial supply; 'Era'e' is for presenting documents or info.
Saying 'Arze kardan' to a friend when giving a gift. → هدیه دادن (Hedye dadan)
'Arze' is too formal and commercial for personal gifts.
Misplacing the 'mi-' in present tense (mi-arze kardan). → عرضه می‌کنم (Arze mi-konam)
In compound verbs, the prefix goes on the light verb (kardan).
Using 'Arze' to mean 'width' in a commercial context. → پهنا (Pahna) or عرض (Arz - without 'e')
Though related, 'Arze' specifically refers to the act of supply.
Confusing 'Arz' (currency) with 'Arze' (supply). → Depends on context.
'Arz' is money; 'Arze' is the act of providing. Don't drop the 'e' sound.

Tips

Pair it with Demand

Always remember 'Arze' and 'Taghaza' together. They are the twins of the Persian economy.

Light Verb Rule

Only the 'kardan' part changes. 'Arze' stays the same regardless of tense or person.

Be Careful with Slang

Never call someone 'bi-arze' unless you intend to start a serious argument.

Use in Proposals

When describing what your company does, use 'Arze kardan' to sound like a professional CEO.

News Keywords

When you hear 'Arze', get ready to hear numbers and prices.

Preposition 'Be'

Always use 'be' when saying 'supply TO a place'. Example: Arze be bazar.

Bazaar Language

In the Bazaar, 'Arze' is a sign of a healthy shop. A shop with no 'Arze' is a dead shop.

The 'Z' sound

Make sure the 'z' in 'Arze' is sharp, like a bee buzzing.

The Root

Remember the Arabic root 'Arḍ' (showing) to help remember the 'presenting' aspect of the word.

The 'A' Shelf

Visualize an 'A' shaped shelf. Everything on it is 'Arze-d' (available).

Memorize It

Mnemonic

Think of 'Arze' as 'Arts-e'. You are showing your 'Arts' (products) to the market to 'Kardan' (do) a sale.

Visual Association

Imagine a large 'A' (Arze) shaped shelf full of goods being pushed into a busy Persian Bazaar.

Word Web

Supply Market Demand Product Company Price Economy Launch

Challenge

Try to find three items in your room and say 'من این [item] را عرضه می‌کنم' as if you are a shopkeeper.

Word Origin

Derived from the Arabic root 'ع-ر-ض' (A-R-D), which relates to breadth, showing, or presenting. In Arabic, 'Arḍ' means to show or exhibit. Persian adopted this noun and combined it with the native verb 'kardan' to create a functional compound verb.

Original meaning: To show or present something for inspection or review.

Semitic (root) + Indo-European (light verb).

Cultural Context

Be careful using 'Arze' as a noun for people (bi-arze), as it is a significant insult to one's character and manhood/adulthood.

While English uses 'supply' for economics and 'offer' for business, Persian uses 'Arze kardan' for both, making it a versatile 'power verb'.

Economic reports on 'Bourse News' (Persian Stock Market). Classical poetry where the beloved 'Arze' (shows) her beauty. Government slogans about 'Arze-ye Khadamat' (Service provision).

Practice in Real Life

Real-World Contexts

At a Grocery Store

آیا پنیر محلی عرضه می‌کنید؟
این کالا فعلاً عرضه نمی‌شود.
قیمت عرضه دولتی چقدر است؟
عرضه مستقیم از مزرعه.

Business Meeting

زمان عرضه محصول به بازار.
استراتژی عرضه در بازارهای جهانی.
ما باید خدمات بیشتری عرضه کنیم.
گزارش عرضه و تقاضا.

Financial News

عرضه اولیه سهام پتروشیمی.
افزایش عرضه ارز توسط بانک مرکزی.
کاهش عرضه نفت در بازارهای جهانی.
تعادل عرضه و تقاضا بهم خورده است.

Technology/Software

عرضه نسخه جدید سیستم‌عامل.
این اپلیکیشن رایگان عرضه شده است.
محدودیت عرضه در کشورهای خاص.
پیش‌عرضه بازی جدید.

Legal/Official

عرضه مستندات به دادگاه.
ممنوعیت عرضه کالاهای قاچاق.
شرایط عرضه کالا در مناقصه.
عرضه خدمات به مناطق محروم.

Conversation Starters

"آیا می‌دانی چه زمانی آیفون جدید در ایران عرضه می‌شود؟ (Do you know when the new iPhone will be released in Iran?)"

"به نظر تو چرا عرضه خودرو در بازار کم شده است؟ (Why do you think the supply of cars in the market has decreased?)"

"آیا این فروشگاه محصولات ارگانیک هم عرضه می‌کند؟ (Does this store also supply organic products?)"

"درباره عرضه اولیه سهام شرکت‌های جدید چه فکری می‌کنی؟ (What do you think about the IPO of new companies?)"

"کدام شرکت بهترین خدمات اینترنتی را در منطقه شما عرضه می‌کند؟ (Which company offers the best internet services in your area?)"

Journal Prompts

درباره کالایی بنویسید که در بازار بسیار کمیاب شده و عرضه آن محدود است. (Write about a product that has become very scarce and its supply is limited.)

اگر صاحب یک شرکت بودید، چه محصول جدیدی را به بازار عرضه می‌کردید؟ (If you owned a company, what new product would you supply to the market?)

تاثیر عرضه و تقاضا بر زندگی روزمره خود را توصیف کنید. (Describe the impact of supply and demand on your daily life.)

آیا تا به حال در صف خرید کالایی که عرضه آن محدود بوده ایستاده‌اید؟ (Have you ever stood in line for a product with limited supply?)

تفاوت عرضه خدمات در فضای مجازی و دنیای واقعی را بررسی کنید. (Examine the difference between supplying services in cyberspace and the real world.)

Frequently Asked Questions

10 questions

Not exactly. While it involves selling, it's more about the act of 'offering' or 'supplying' to the market. Use 'Forookhtan' for the actual exchange of money.

Yes, it is more formal than 'selling.' It is the standard term in business, news, and official documentation.

It means 'Supply and Demand,' the most fundamental concept in economics.

In informal slang, yes. 'Bi-arze' means incompetent. But as a verb 'Arze kardan', it always means to supply.

It is 'Arze-ye Avvaliye' (عرضه اولیه).

No, you should 'Era'e' (ارائه) a presentation. 'Arze' is for goods.

The economic opposite is 'Taghaza' (Demand). The action opposite is 'Ehtekar' (Hoarding).

Yes, you can 'Arze' software, apps, or online courses to the market.

It means 'Direct Supply,' usually from the factory or farm to the consumer, skipping middlemen.

It is 'Arze kardam' (I supplied), 'Arze kardi' (You supplied), etc.