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Vocabulary
انتشار دادن

B1 verb #8,000 most common 10 min read

انتشار دادن

enteshar dadan Top 8,000

Practice it Examples Notes & Tips انتشار دادن in 30 Seconds

Explanation انتشار دادن in your Level:

At the A1 level, you don't need to use 'انتشار دادن' (enteshār dādan) often, but you might see it in simple news titles. Think of it as 'to give out a book' or 'to show news'. It is a compound verb, meaning it's made of two words. The second word 'dādan' means 'to give'. So, when a newspaper 'gives' news to the people, it is 'enteshār dādan'. Just remember it means 'to publish' or 'to put something out for everyone to see'. For now, focus on the fact that it's used for books and newspapers. If you see it on a website button, it probably means 'Post' or 'Publish'.

At the A2 level, you can start using 'انتشار دادن' in simple sentences about your hobbies or studies. If you have a blog or you write stories, you can say 'من یک داستان انتشار دادم' (I published a story). Remember that it uses 'rā' because you are publishing a specific thing. You should also know the past tense: 'enteshār dād' (he/she published). It's a useful word when talking about the media or the internet. It's more formal than 'pakhsh kardan' (to spread/distribute), so use it when you want to sound like you are talking about a real book or an official article.

At the B1 level, you should be comfortable using 'انتشار دادن' in various tenses, including the present continuous and the subjunctive. You should understand that it's not just for books, but also for reports, news, and even scientific things like light or smell. For example, 'The company is publishing its report' (Sherkat dārad gozāresh-ash rā enteshār mī-dehad). You should also distinguish it from 'chāp kardan' (to print). At this level, you are expected to use it in professional or academic discussions about media and information. It's a key verb for discussing current events in Persian.

At the B2 level, you should recognize the nuances between 'انتشار دادن' and its synonyms like 'منتشر کردن' or 'اشاعه دادن'. You should be able to use it in complex sentences with relative clauses, such as 'The news that was published yesterday caused a lot of talk.' You should also understand its use in passive forms like 'enteshār yāftan' (to be published). At this level, you might use it to describe environmental issues, like 'the emission of carbon dioxide' (enteshār-e diyoksid-e karbon). Your usage should reflect an understanding of register—knowing that this verb is appropriate for formal writing and serious discussions.

At the C1 level, you should master the abstract and metaphorical uses of 'انتشار دادن'. You can use it to discuss the dissemination of ideologies, the spread of cultural influences, or the radiation of complex scientific phenomena. You should be familiar with its appearance in classical-style modern literature and high-level legal documents. You should also be able to critique the use of the word in different media contexts, perhaps noting when a journalist chooses 'enteshār dādan' over 'efshā kardan' (to reveal) to maintain a neutral or objective tone. Your vocabulary should include related nouns like 'moteshār' (publisher) and 'nashriyāt' (publications).

At the C2 level, 'انتشار دادن' is a tool for precise expression. You understand its etymological roots in the Arabic 'n-sh-r' and how it fits into the broader Persian linguistic history of compound verbs. You can use it in highly technical scientific papers, sophisticated literary criticism, or high-stakes diplomatic communication. You are aware of the subtle rhythmic and stylistic differences between 'enteshār dādan' and 'montasher kardan' in poetic prose. You can effortlessly switch between active and passive constructions to focus the reader's attention exactly where you want it. The word is no longer just a vocabulary item but a flexible instrument for nuanced communication.

Practice it Examples Notes & Tips

انتشار دادن in 30 Seconds

A compound verb meaning to publish or spread.
Used for books, news, media, and scientific emissions.
Formed from 'enteshār' (spread) and 'dādan' (to give).
Essential for formal communication and media literacy in Persian.

The Persian compound verb انتشار دادن (enteshār dādan) is a cornerstone of Persian media, literature, and academic discourse. At its core, it refers to the act of making something public or spreading it across a wide area. While English speakers might primarily associate it with 'publishing' a book, the Persian scope is broader, encompassing the dissemination of information, the spreading of news, and even the physical emission of substances like light or odors. In the modern era, this verb has seen a massive surge in usage due to the digital revolution; every time a user clicks 'post' on social media or a news agency breaks a story, the act of enteshār dādan is taking place.

Formal Context: In formal settings, such as government announcements or academic journals, this verb is the standard choice. It implies an official release of data or findings. For example, 'The Ministry of Health published the statistics' would use this verb to denote authority and finality.

دولت بیانیه جدیدی را در روزنامه انتشار داد.
(The government published a new statement in the newspaper.)

The word is composed of two parts: انتشار (enteshār), an Arabic-root noun meaning 'diffusion' or 'spread', and دادن (dādan), the Persian auxiliary verb meaning 'to give'. Together, they literally mean 'to give spread' or 'to give diffusion'. This structure is typical of Persian compound verbs where a noun or adjective provides the specific meaning while the auxiliary handles the conjugation and tense. Understanding this allows learners to recognize that the action is transitive—you are doing this *to* something (an object), which is why the object marker را (rā) is almost always present when the object is definite.

Scientific Usage: In physics or chemistry, this verb describes the diffusion of particles or the emission of rays. It conveys the natural movement of elements from a source outward into space.

خورشید نور و گرما انتشار می‌دهد.
(The sun emits light and heat.)

Culturally, Iranians value the 'spread' of knowledge and poetry. Throughout history, the enteshār of a new Divan (collection of poems) was a major event. Today, the word has migrated to the digital sphere where 'sharing' a post is sometimes colloquially linked to this verb, though 'be eshterāk gozāshtan' is more specific for 'sharing'. However, for any official 'publishing' of a blog post or a news article, انتشار دادن remains the dominant and most respected term. It carries a weight of responsibility; once something is 'given to spread', it cannot easily be taken back.

Digital Media: On websites like Wikipedia or news portals, the button to 'Publish' is often labeled as 'انتشار'. This highlights its role as the final step in the creative or reporting process.

او ویدیو را در یوتیوب انتشار داد.
(He published/posted the video on YouTube.)

Using انتشار دادن correctly requires an understanding of its transitive nature. Because it is a compound verb with 'dādan', its conjugation follows the standard patterns of the verb 'to give'. The past stem is انتشار داد and the present stem is انتشار ده. Whether you are speaking about a book, a rumor, or a scientific phenomenon, the structure remains consistent: Subject + Object + را + Verb.

Past Tense Usage: To describe a completed action of publishing. For example, 'The author published his book last year.' This indicates the process is finished and the book is now available.

نویسنده کتاب جدیدش را سال گذشته انتشار داد.
(The author published his new book last year.)

In the present tense, we often use it to describe ongoing actions or future intentions. In modern Persian, the present continuous is formed using the auxiliary 'dāshtan'. For instance, 'The news agency is currently publishing the report.' This emphasizes the real-time nature of the dissemination. Additionally, the subjunctive form (be-enteshār dehad) is crucial for expressing desires, possibilities, or commands, such as 'I want them to publish this news.'

Subjunctive and Modal Usage: Used after verbs like 'to want' (khāstan) or 'should' (bāyad). It is essential for negotiation and requests in professional Persian.

باید این خبر را هر چه زودتر انتشار دهیم.
(We must publish this news as soon as possible.)

Negation is achieved by adding the prefix نـ (na-) to the auxiliary verb. For example, 'He did not publish the secret.' This is common in legal or investigative contexts. Furthermore, the word can be used figuratively. If a person 'spreads' a certain vibe or energy, though less common than literal publishing, it can still be understood in poetic or highly descriptive Persian.

Future Tense: Using the auxiliary 'khāhad' to indicate future plans. 'The company will publish its annual report next month.'

آن‌ها نتایج تحقیق را فردا انتشار خواهند داد.
(They will publish the research results tomorrow.)

Finally, consider the object of the verb. If the object is 'smell' (bu), the verb means 'to emit'. If the object is 'news' (khabar), it means 'to break/spread'. If the object is 'light' (nur), it means 'to radiate'. This versatility makes it one of the most useful verbs for B1 learners to master, as it bridges the gap between everyday communication and more technical or literary expression.

If you turn on an Iranian news channel like IRINN or listen to Persian-language podcasts, انتشار دادن is ubiquitous. It is the language of the press. You will hear it in phrases like 'The news was published' or 'The video was released.' In Tehran's bustling bookstores along Enqelab Street, publishers and authors constantly discuss their latest works using this term. It carries a sense of officiality that 'pakhsh kardan' (to distribute) lacks.

News Broadcasts: Anchors use it to introduce new reports. 'We are now publishing the first images of the event.' It signals to the audience that new, verified information is being presented.

خبرگزاری فارس گزارشی درباره اقتصاد انتشار داد.
(Fars News Agency published a report about the economy.)

In academic circles, professors and researchers use it when discussing peer-reviewed journals. 'Where did you publish your article?' is a common question among scholars. Here, enteshār dādan implies that the work has gone through a rigorous process of review and has finally been 'given' to the scholarly community. It is also found in the legal world, specifically regarding the 'publication' of laws in the official gazette, which is the final step before a law becomes enforceable.

Literature and Arts: When a new album or movie is released, the media often says the production company 'published' it. It marks the transition from private creation to public consumption.

این خواننده آلبوم جدیدش را ماه آینده انتشار می‌دهد.
(This singer will publish/release his new album next month.)

Interestingly, you might also hear this word in environmental reports. If a factory is 'releasing' pollutants into the air, the verb used is enteshār dādan. This highlights the word's scientific roots in 'diffusion'. Whether it's a beautiful poem or a harmful gas, the act of 'letting it out into the world' is the common thread. Understanding this range helps a B1 student interpret news reports more accurately, distinguishing between intentional publishing and accidental emission.

Legal and Official: Official documents, such as the results of the national entrance exam (Konkur), are 'published' using this verb. It signifies the formal end of a waiting period.

سازمان سنجش اسامی پذیرفته‌شدگان را انتشار داد.
(The Evaluation Organization published the names of the admitted students.)

For English speakers, the most common mistake is confusing انتشار دادن (to publish) with چاپ کردن (to print). While they often happen together, they are distinct actions. You can 'publish' a digital article without 'printing' it on paper. If you say 'I printed my blog post' when you mean 'I published it online', an Iranian listener will think you physically ran it through a printer.

Mistake: Confusing with 'Pakhsh Kardan': 'Pakhsh kardan' means to distribute or broadcast. While similar, 'enteshār dādan' is the act of initial publication, whereas 'pakhsh kardan' is the physical or electronic distribution of that content. You 'publish' a book, but you 'distribute' it to bookstores.

Wrong: او کتاب را در خیابان انتشار داد.
(He published the book in the street - implies making it public there.)
Right: او کتاب را در خیابان پخش کرد.
(He distributed the book in the street.)

Another error involves the passive voice. Many learners try to use 'enteshār dādan' in a passive sense without changing the auxiliary verb. In Persian, you cannot simply say 'The book published' (Ketāb enteshār dād). You must use انتشار یافت (enteshār yāft) or منتشر شد (montasher shod). Using 'dādan' always requires an active agent who is doing the publishing.

Mistake: Overusing it for 'Sharing': On social media, learners often use 'enteshār dādan' for 'sharing' a friend's post. The better term is 'به اشتراک گذاشتن' (be eshterāk gozāshtan). 'Enteshār dādan' implies you are the original source or the official publisher.

Incorrect: من پست دوستم را انتشار دادم.
Correct: من پست دوستم را به اشتراک گذاشتم.

Finally, be careful with the word 'shāye'e' (rumor). While you can 'enteshār dādan' a rumor, it sounds very formal, like a news report about a rumor. In casual conversation, people use 'chokh dākhtan' or 'pakhsh kardan'. Using 'enteshār dādan' for a small piece of gossip might sound overly dramatic or clinical to a native speaker.

Persian has several words that overlap with انتشار دادن, and choosing the right one depends on the context and desired register. The most common alternative is منتشر کردن (montasher kardan). In fact, in modern conversational and journalistic Persian, 'montasher kardan' is often preferred because it is slightly more modern. They are 95% interchangeable, but 'enteshār dādan' feels slightly more 'high-literary'.

Comparison: انتشار دادن vs. چاپ کردن: 'Enteshār dādan' focuses on the public release and availability. 'Chāp kardan' focuses on the mechanical process of printing. You can 'enteshār' an e-book, but you can only 'chāp' a physical one.

او کتاب را چاپ کرد اما هنوز آن را انتشار نداده است.
(He printed the book but hasn't published/released it yet.)

Another related verb is پخش کردن (pakhsh kardan). This means 'to spread' or 'to distribute'. If you are talking about spreading butter on bread, spreading a rumor, or distributing flyers, 'pakhsh kardan' is the correct choice. 'Enteshār dādan' is reserved for more formal 'releases' like news, books, or scientific emissions. There is also اشاعه دادن (eshā'e dādan), which is very formal and usually used for spreading ideas, cultures, or religions.

Comparison: انتشار دادن vs. افشا کردن: 'Efshā kardan' means 'to reveal' or 'to leak' a secret. While 'enteshār dādan' can be used for secrets, 'efshā kardan' emphasizes that the information was meant to be hidden. 'Enteshār dādan' is the neutral act of publishing.

روزنامه رازهای دولت را افشا کرد.
(The newspaper revealed/leaked the government's secrets.)

Finally, in scientific contexts, you might see پراکندن (parākandan), which means 'to scatter'. This is more poetic and physical than the abstract 'enteshār dādan'. If a flower scatters its scent in the wind, 'parākandan' is beautiful. If a scientist describes the diffusion of a gas in a lab report, 'enteshār dādan' is professional. By mastering these nuances, a B1 learner moves toward B2 proficiency, showing they understand the 'flavor' of different Persian verbs.

How Formal Is It?

Fun Fact

The same Arabic root 'n-sh-r' gives us the word 'Minshār' (saw) in Arabic, because a saw spreads sawdust. In Persian, it is purely intellectual and media-focused.

Pronunciation Guide

UK /en.te.ʃɒːr dɒː.dæn/

US /en.tə.ʃɑːr dɑː.dæn/

The primary stress is on the last syllable of the first word: en-te-SHĀR. In 'dādan', the stress is on the first syllable: DĀ-dan.

Rhymes With

بهار (bahār) انتظار (entezār) یادگار (yādegār) ماندگار (māndegār) آشکار (āshkār) برقرار (bargharār) روزگار (ruzegār) شکار (shekār)

Common Errors

Pronouncing 'enteshār' as 'entishār' (using 'i' instead of 'e').
Stress on the first syllable of 'enteshār'.
Merging the two words into one sound without a slight break.
Mispronouncing the long 'ā' as a short 'a' like in 'cat'.
Forgetting the silent 'h' feel in the 'sh' sound.

Difficulty Rating

Reading 4/5

Easy to recognize in news headlines.

Writing 6/5

Requires correct conjugation of the compound verb.

Speaking 5/5

Common enough that it should feel natural at B1.

Listening 4/5

Very clear and distinct sound in formal speech.

What to Learn Next

Prerequisites

دادن کتاب خبر روزنامه کردن

Learn Next

منتشر کردن چاپ کردن پخش کردن رسانه تبلیغ کردن

Advanced

اشاعه توزیع تیراژ ویراستار ممیزی

Grammar to Know

Compound Verb Conjugation

The verb 'dādan' changes (deh, dād), while 'enteshār' stays the same.

Transitive Object Marker 'rā'

کتاب را انتشار داد (Must use 'rā' for the specific book).

Subjunctive Mood

باید انتشار بدهم (I must publish).

Passive Construction

Use 'yāftan' or 'shodan' for 'to be published'.

Causative Form

Though rare for this word, Persian verbs can sometimes take causative 'ān' suffixes.

Examples by Level

او یک کتاب انتشار داد.

He published a book.

Simple past tense.

من خبر را در روزنامه انتشار دادم.

I published the news in the newspaper.

Use of 'rā' for definite object.

آن‌ها عکس را انتشار می‌دهند.

They are publishing the photo.

Present tense.

آیا کتاب را انتشار دادی؟

Did you publish the book?

Question form.

او می‌خواهد یک مقاله انتشار دهد.

He wants to publish an article.

Subjunctive after 'want'.

ما فردا خبر را انتشار می‌دهیم.

We will publish the news tomorrow.

Future intent.

این وب‌سایت عکس‌های زیبا انتشار می‌دهد.

This website publishes beautiful photos.

Habitual present.

لطفاً این نامه را انتشار نده.

Please do not publish this letter.

Negative imperative.

من دیروز یک پست در اینستاگرام انتشار دادم.

I published a post on Instagram yesterday.

Compound verb in past tense.

نویسنده جوان داستانش را انتشار داد.

The young writer published his story.

Adjective + Subject.

چرا این خبر دروغ را انتشار دادی؟

Why did you publish this lie?

Interrogative.

دانشگاه نتایج امتحان را انتشار داد.

The university published the exam results.

Formal subject.

او هر روز یک ویدیو انتشار می‌دهد.

He publishes a video every day.

Frequency adverb.

ما باید این اطلاعات را انتشار دهیم.

We must publish this information.

Modal 'bāyad'.

آن‌ها عکس‌های قدیمی را انتشار دادند.

They published the old photos.

Plural subject.

او نمی‌تواند این کتاب را انتشار دهد.

He cannot publish this book.

Modal 'could not'.

وزارت آموزش و پرورش کتاب‌های جدید را انتشار داد.

The Ministry of Education published the new books.

Formal agency as subject.

خورشید در تمام جهات نور انتشار می‌دهد.

The sun emits light in all directions.

Scientific context.

او قصد دارد خاطرات خود را انتشار دهد.

He intends to publish his memoirs.

Intention structure.

مجله علمی مقاله‌ی او را ماه گذشته انتشار داد.

The scientific journal published his article last month.

Specific time marker.

این گل بوی بسیار خوبی در فضا انتشار می‌دهد.

This flower emits a very good scent in the space.

Descriptive usage.

خبرگزاری‌ها گزارش‌های متفاوتی از حادثه انتشار دادند.

News agencies published different reports of the incident.

Multiple sources.

آیا فکر می‌کنی آن‌ها حقیقت را انتشار می‌دهند؟

Do you think they are publishing the truth?

Complex question.

او بدون اجازه عکس‌های من را انتشار داد.

He published my photos without permission.

Adverbial phrase 'bedun-e ejāze'.

کارخانه گازهای سمی در هوا انتشار می‌دهد.

The factory emits toxic gases into the air.

Environmental context.

دولت بیانیه‌ای رسمی برای شفاف‌سازی موضوع انتشار داد.

The government published an official statement to clarify the issue.

Purpose clause.

او با انتشار دادن این فیلم، شهرت زیادی کسب کرد.

By publishing this movie, he gained a lot of fame.

Gerund-like usage with 'bā'.

ناشر تصمیم گرفت کتاب را به صورت دیجیتال انتشار دهد.

The publisher decided to publish the book digitally.

Decision verb + infinitive.

ما نمی‌خواهیم شایعات بی‌اساس را در جامعه انتشار دهیم.

We do not want to spread baseless rumors in society.

Social responsibility.

این رادیو برنامه‌های فرهنگی متنوعی انتشار می‌دهد.

This radio publishes (broadcasts/releases) various cultural programs.

Broadcasting context.

او مدارکی را انتشار داد که فساد مالی را ثابت می‌کرد.

He published documents that proved financial corruption.

Relative clause.

دانشمندان نتایج آزمایش‌های خود را در کنفرانس انتشار دادند.

Scientists published the results of their experiments at the conference.

Academic context.

رسانه‌ها نباید بدون تحقیق کافی اخبار را انتشار دهند.

Media should not publish news without sufficient research.

Ethical obligation.

این نویسنده با انتشار دادن آثارش، تحولی در ادبیات ایجاد کرد.

By publishing his works, this writer created a revolution in literature.

Impact description.

فرایند انتشار دادن یک کتاب شامل مراحل متعددی است.

The process of publishing a book involves multiple stages.

Noun phrase as subject.

او متهم شد که اطلاعات طبقه‌بندی شده را انتشار داده است.

He was accused of having published classified information.

Perfect subjunctive/Past perfect.

نور ستاره‌های دوردست پس از میلیون‌ها سال در فضا انتشار می‌یابد.

The light of distant stars is emitted/spread in space after millions of years.

Passive form 'enteshār yāftan'.

سازمان‌های بین‌المللی گزارش سالانه خود را درباره حقوق بشر انتشار دادند.

International organizations published their annual report on human rights.

Global context.

او با مهارت تمام، ایدئولوژی خود را در میان جوانان انتشار داد.

With total skill, he disseminated his ideology among the youth.

Abstract dissemination.

سیاست‌های جدید بانکی در روزنامه‌های کثیرالانتشار انتشار یافت.

The new banking policies were published in high-circulation newspapers.

Passive voice.

تبیین سازوکارهای انتشار دادن علم در جوامع در حال توسعه ضروری است.

Explaining the mechanisms of disseminating science in developing societies is essential.

Highly formal academic Persian.

او در کتاب خود به بررسی تاریخچه‌ی انتشار دادن کتب خطی پرداخته است.

In his book, he addressed the history of publishing manuscripts.

Complex verb 'pardākhtan be'.

ممانعت از انتشار دادن حقایق تاریخی، خیانت به نسل‌های آینده است.

Preventing the publication of historical truths is a betrayal of future generations.

Philosophical/Ethical tone.

ذرات رادیواکتیو با سرعت زیادی در محیط انتشار می‌دهند.

Radioactive particles emit/spread rapidly in the environment.

Technical physics usage.

او با انتشار دادن بیانیه‌ای تند، تمام پل‌های پشت سر خود را خراب کرد.

By publishing a sharp statement, he burned all his bridges.

Idiomatic context.

نحوه انتشار دادن امواج الکترومغناطیسی در فیزیک کوانتوم پیچیده است.

The manner of electromagnetic wave propagation in quantum physics is complex.

Scientific terminology.

سردبیر روزنامه از انتشار دادن مطلبی که صحت آن تایید نشده بود، خودداری کرد.

The newspaper editor refrained from publishing a piece whose accuracy had not been confirmed.

Professional ethics.

گستره‌ی انتشار دادن فرهنگ ایرانی در آسیای میانه بسیار وسیع است.

The scope of the dissemination of Persian culture in Central Asia is very wide.

Geopolitical/Cultural analysis.

Common Collocations

کتاب انتشار دادن

خبر انتشار دادن

بیانیه انتشار دادن

گزارش انتشار دادن

نور انتشار دادن

بو انتشار دادن

مجله انتشار دادن

شایعه انتشار دادن

نتایج انتشار دادن

فراخوان انتشار دادن

Common Phrases

قصد انتشار دادن

— Intending to publish something.

او قصد انتشار دادن کتابش را دارد.

اجازه انتشار دادن

— Permission to publish.

ناشر اجازه انتشار دادن اثر را گرفت.

هزینه انتشار دادن

— The cost of publishing.

هزینه انتشار دادن کتاب بالا است.

حق انتشار دادن

— Publishing rights / Copyright.

او حق انتشار دادن موسیقی را فروخت.

سرعت انتشار دادن

— The speed of dissemination.

سرعت انتشار دادن خبر در اینترنت زیاد است.

روش انتشار دادن

— Method of publishing.

روش انتشار دادن ما تغییر کرده است.

ممنوعیت انتشار دادن

— Ban on publishing.

ممنوعیت انتشار دادن این روزنامه لغو شد.

توقف انتشار دادن

— Stopping the publication.

آن‌ها انتشار دادن مجله را متوقف کردند.

آغاز انتشار دادن

— Starting the publication.

آغاز انتشار دادن روزنامه از سال گذشته بود.

نحوه انتشار دادن

— The manner of publishing.

نحوه انتشار دادن اطلاعات بسیار مهم است.

Often Confused With

انتشار دادن vs چاپ کردن

Printing (mechanical) vs Publishing (making public).

انتشار دادن vs پخش کردن

Distributing/Broadcasting vs the initial act of Publishing.

انتشار دادن vs تبلیغ کردن

Advertising vs Publishing. Publishing is the act of release; advertising is the act of promotion.

Idioms & Expressions

"خبر را در بوق و کرنا کردن"

— To spread news very loudly and widely (often used when 'enteshār dādan' is done excessively).

او موفقیتش را در بوق و کرنا کرد.

Informal

"دهان به دهان گشتن"

— To be spread from mouth to mouth (informal dissemination).

این خبر دهان به دهان گشت.

Informal

"پرده از رازی برداشتن"

— To lift the curtain from a secret (to publish a secret).

او پرده از رازهای شرکت برداشت.

Literary

"آفتابی کردن"

— To make something public or 'sunny'.

بالاخره کتابش را آفتابی کرد.

Slang

"روی دایره ریختن"

— To pour everything on the circle (to make everything public).

او همه چیز را روی دایره ریخت.

Informal

"جار زدن"

— To shout out (to publish loudly).

همه جا جار زد که ازدواج کرده است.

Informal

"برملا کردن"

— To reveal or make public (usually a fault).

دروغ‌های او برملا شد.

Neutral

"پته کسی را روی آب روی ریختن"

— To expose someone's secrets publicly.

او پته رقیبش را روی آب ریخت.

Informal

"چو انداختن"

— To start a rumor.

در شهر چو انداختند که او رفته است.

Informal

"نم پس ندادن"

— To not leak/publish any information (Antonym idiom).

او اصلاً نم پس نمی‌دهد.

Informal

Easily Confused

انتشار دادن vs نشر

It is the root noun.

'Nashr' is the noun 'publishing'; 'enteshār dādan' is the action.

او در حوزه نشر فعالیت می‌کند.

انتشار دادن vs توزیع

Both involve spreading.

'Towzi' is physical distribution to points of sale.

توزیع کتاب از فردا شروع می‌شود.

انتشار دادن vs اعلام کردن

Both make things known.

'E'lām kardan' is to announce orally or briefly; 'enteshār dādan' is to release a full work.

او برنده را اعلام کرد.

انتشار دادن vs ارائه دادن

Both involve 'giving'.

'Arā'e dādan' is to present or provide (like a presentation).

او پروژه را ارائه داد.

انتشار دادن vs شایع کردن

Both spread news.

'Shāye'e kardan' is specifically for rumors or bad things.

آن‌ها بیماری را شایع کردند.

Sentence Patterns

من [Object] را انتشار دادم.

من کتاب را انتشار دادم.

او می‌خواهد [Object] را انتشار دهد.

او می‌خواهد عکس را انتشار دهد.

[Subject] در حالِ انتشار دادنِ [Object] است.

روزنامه در حال انتشار دادن گزارش است.

آیا شما [Object] را انتشار داده‌اید؟

آیا شما مقاله را انتشار داده‌اید؟

باید قبل از [Action]، خبر را انتشار دهیم.

باید قبل از جمعه، خبر را انتشار دهیم.

اگر [Condition]، آن‌ها کتاب را انتشار می‌دهند.

اگر پول داشته باشند، آن‌ها کتاب را انتشار می‌دهند.

با انتشار دادنِ [Object]، [Result] حاصل شد.

با انتشار دادن بیانیه، آرامش حاصل شد.

هرگونه انتشار دادنِ [Object] بدونِ اجازه ممنوع است.

هرگونه انتشار دادن مدارک بدون اجازه ممنوع است.

Word Family

Nouns

انتشار Publication / Diffusion

ناشر Publisher

نشر Publishing / Dissemination

نشریه Periodical / Publication

منشور Charter / Manifesto

Verbs

منتشر کردن To publish (active)

منتشر شدن To be published (passive)

انتشار یافتن To be published (passive/formal)

Adjectives

منتشر Published / Spread

انتشاراتی Related to publishing

قابل انتشار Publishable

کتاب

روزنامه

خبر

رسانه

اطلاعات

How to Use It

frequency

High in media and academic contexts; medium in casual conversation.

Common Mistakes

من کتاب را چاپ دادم. → من کتاب را انتشار دادم.
'Chāp dādan' is incorrect. You 'chāp' (print) or 'enteshār' (publish) a book.
او خبر را در تلویزیون انتشار داد. → او خبر را در تلویزیون پخش کرد.
For TV/Radio broadcasting, 'pakhsh kardan' is more natural.
کتاب در سال ۲۰۲۰ انتشار داد. → کتاب در سال ۲۰۲۰ منتشر شد.
The book cannot publish itself; you need the passive 'shod' or 'yāft'.
من عطر را در اتاق انتشار دادم. → من عطر را در اتاق پخش کردم.
While 'enteshār' is used for smells, 'pakhsh kardan' is more common for individuals doing it.
او شایعه را انتشار کرد. → او شایعه را انتشار داد.
The auxiliary for 'enteshār' is 'dādan', not 'kardan' (though 'montasher kardan' is okay).

Tips

The 'Dādan' Rule

Remember that since the auxiliary is 'dādan', the present stem is 'deh'. Many learners accidentally use 'dād' for the present.

Formal Writing

In academic papers, always use 'enteshār dādan' or 'montasher kardan' instead of informal words like 'gozāshtan' (to put).

Scientific Context

If you are studying science in Persian, this is your go-to word for 'emission' or 'diffusion'.

Digital Era

On many Persian websites, the 'Submit' or 'Publish' button for a comment or post is simply labeled 'انتشار'.

News Style

To sound like a news reporter, start your sentence with 'Gozāresh-hā-ye rasmi enteshār dādand ke...' (Official reports published that...).

The 'Share' Connection

Associate 'Enteshār' with 'Share'. It helps you remember the meaning instantly.

Not for Butter

Do not use 'enteshār dādan' for spreading butter on bread. Use 'mālidan' or 'pakhsh kardan'.

Passive Voice

Use 'yāftan' (to find) as the auxiliary for a very formal passive: 'enteshār yāft'.

Newspapers

Always pair this with 'ruz-nāme' (newspaper) when practicing. It's the most common pairing.

Professionalism

Using this word correctly shows you have moved beyond basic 'A' level Persian into professional 'B' level.

Memorize It

Mnemonic

Think of 'Enter' + 'Share'. When you press 'Enter' on your keyboard, you 'Share' the news. 'Enter-Share' sounds like 'Enteshar'. You 'Give' (dādan) the share to the world.

Visual Association

Imagine a newspaper being handed out (given) to a huge crowd. The act of 'giving' the paper to the 'spread' of people is 'enteshār dādan'.

Word Web

Book News Internet Spread Public Official Author Media

Challenge

Try to write three things you would like to publish in Persian using 'enteshār dādan'. For example: 'I want to publish my photos.'

Word Origin

The word 'enteshār' is the Masdar (verbal noun) of the eighth form (Ifti'āl) of the Arabic root 'n-sh-r' (نشر). In Arabic, this root relates to spreading, unfolding, or dispersing. Persian adopted this noun and combined it with the native Persian auxiliary verb 'dādan' (to give) to create a compound verb.

Original meaning: To give spread or to cause diffusion.

Semitic (root) + Indo-European (auxiliary).

Cultural Context

Be careful when using this verb regarding government secrets or sensitive religious topics in Iran, as the 'enteshār' of such items can have legal consequences.

In English, 'publish' is mostly for books/articles. In Persian, 'enteshār dādan' is also for gases, light, and smells, making it more versatile than its English counterpart.

The 'Enteshārāt-e Amir Kabir' is one of the most famous publishing houses in Iran. The newspaper 'Ettela'at' has been 'enteshār dādan' news for nearly a century. Poets often speak of the 'enteshār' of the scent of a beloved's hair.

Practice in Real Life

Real-World Contexts

Journalism

خبر را انتشار دادن
گزارش را انتشار دادن
تکذیبیه انتشار دادن
بیانیه انتشار دادن

Literature

رمان انتشار دادن
مجموعه شعر انتشار دادن
اثر را انتشار دادن
ناشر کتاب را انتشار داد

Science

گاز سمی انتشار دادن
نور انتشار دادن
امواج انتشار دادن
حرارت انتشار دادن

Social Media

پست انتشار دادن
ویدیو انتشار دادن
عکس انتشار دادن
مطلب انتشار دادن

Legal/Official

قانون را انتشار دادن
لیست را انتشار دادن
اسناد را انتشار دادن
حکم را انتشار دادن

Conversation Starters

"آیا تا به حال کتابی انتشار داده‌اید؟ (Have you ever published a book?)"

"به نظر شما بهترین زمان برای انتشار دادن یک خبر چه وقتی است؟ (When do you think is the best time to publish a news story?)"

"چرا بعضی از نویسندگان آثارشان را به صورت دیجیتال انتشار می‌دهند؟ (Why do some writers publish their works digitally?)"

"آیا این روزنامه اخبار واقعی را انتشار می‌دهد؟ (Does this newspaper publish real news?)"

"چگونه می‌توانیم فرهنگ خود را در جهان انتشار دهیم؟ (How can we spread/publish our culture in the world?)"

Journal Prompts

اگر می‌توانستید یک کتاب درباره زندگی خودتان انتشار دهید، نام آن را چه می‌گذاشتید؟ (If you could publish a book about your life, what would you name it?)

درباره اهمیت انتشار دادن حقایق در جامعه بنویسید. (Write about the importance of publishing truths in society.)

آیا دوست دارید یک مجله علمی انتشار دهید؟ چرا؟ (Would you like to publish a scientific journal? Why?)

تفاوت بین انتشار دادن یک خبر در فضای مجازی و روزنامه چیست؟ (What is the difference between publishing news in cyberspace and a newspaper?)

یک خاطره درباره زمانی که مطلبی را در اینترنت انتشار دادید بنویسید. (Write a memory about a time you published something on the internet.)

Frequently Asked Questions

10 questions

They are synonyms. 'Montasher kardan' is slightly more common in modern everyday speech and journalism, while 'enteshār dādan' sounds a bit more formal or traditional. You can use either in most situations.

Yes, but it sounds very formal. For example, a news agency would say 'We published a post,' but a teenager would likely say 'Post kardam'.

Yes, it is scientifically correct to use it for the diffusion of odors or gases. For example, 'The flower emits (enteshār mī-dehad) a scent.'

You should use the passive form: 'Ketāb enteshār yāft' or 'Ketāb montasher shod'. Using 'dādan' requires an active subject.

A 'nāshr' is a publisher—the person or company that performs the act of 'enteshār dādan'.

Usually, 'pakhsh kardan' is better for broadcasting. 'Enteshār dādan' is better for the text or reports related to the show.

Yes, it is transitive. You publish 'something' (the object), and you usually need the 'rā' marker.

It is an adjective meaning 'widely circulated' or 'high-circulation', often used to describe major newspapers.

You can, but 'efshā kardan' is more specific for leaks. 'Enteshār dādan' is neutral.

Yes, it is a soft 'sh' sound followed by 'ā'. There is no separate 'h' sound; 'sh' (ش) is one letter in Persian.