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B2 adjective 8 min read

کتاب‌شناختی

ketab-shenakhti
Examples کتاب‌شناختی in 30 Seconds
Explanation کتاب‌شناختی in your Level:
At the A1 level, you don't need to use the word 'کتاب‌شناختی' yourself, but you might see it in a library or on a book's first page. Think of it as a very fancy way to say 'book information'. If you see this word, just know it means the name of the book, the person who wrote it, and when it was made. It's like a 'ID card' for a book. You can remember it by breaking it down: 'Ketab' is book, and 'Shenakhti' is like 'knowing'. So, it's 'knowing about the book'. Don't worry about using it in sentences yet; just recognize it when you see it near a list of books.
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At the A2 level, you are starting to learn about formal settings. You might encounter 'کتاب‌شناختی' when looking for books in an online catalog or a school library. It is an adjective. You use it to describe lists or data. For example, if you want to say 'book info', you say 'اطلاعات کتاب' (etellā'āt-e ketāb). But if you want to sound more like a student, you might see 'اطلاعات کتاب‌شناختی'. It's important to know that this word describes the *details* of the book, not the story inside the book. It's about the 'outside' facts like the publisher's name.
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At the B1 level, you should be able to recognize 'کتاب‌شناختی' in academic or professional texts. You might use it when talking about your studies. For example, 'من باید اطلاعات کتاب‌شناختی این منابع را پیدا کنم' (I need to find the bibliographic information of these sources). At this level, you understand that the suffix '-شناختی' creates a technical adjective. You can distinguish between 'کتاب‌شناسی' (the list itself) and 'کتاب‌شناختی' (the type of information). You are starting to use it in formal emails or basic research assignments.
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At the B2 level, which is the target for this word, you should use 'کتاب‌شناختی' fluently in academic discussions and writing. You understand its role in 'bibliographic control' and 'citation management'. You can explain why 'مشخصات کتاب‌شناختی' (bibliographic specifications) are necessary for avoiding plagiarism and for scientific accuracy. You also know how to use it with the Ezafe construction correctly. You are comfortable seeing it in complex sentences alongside other academic terms like 'متدولوژی' (methodology) or 'تجزیه و تحلیل' (analysis).
At the C1 level, you have a deep understanding of the nuances of 'کتاب‌شناختی'. You can discuss the history of Persian 'کتاب‌شناسی' and how 'کتاب‌شناختی' standards have evolved in Iran. you might use it to describe the methodology of a paper: 'این مقاله با رویکردی کتاب‌شناختی به بررسی آثار قرن چهارم می‌پردازد' (This article examines 4th-century works with a bibliographic approach). You are aware of the subtle differences between this term and 'نسخه‌شناختی' (codicological) and can use them precisely in a literary or historical critique.
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At the C2 level, 'کتاب‌شناختی' is a tool for precision in high-level scholarly work. You might use it to critique the 'زیرساخت‌های کتاب‌شناختی' (bibliographic infrastructures) of national databases. You understand the philosophical implications of how bibliographic categorization shapes our understanding of history. You can write complex technical reports or books where 'تحلیل‌های کتاب‌شناختی' form the core of your argument. You are also sensitive to the stylistic choice of using this word over synonyms to maintain a specific academic register.
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Examples

کتاب‌شناختی in 30 Seconds

  • It is a formal academic adjective meaning 'bibliographic'.
  • It refers to book metadata like author, title, and publisher.
  • Commonly used in library science and academic research papers.
  • Formed from 'ketāb' (book) and 'shenākhti' (knowledge-related).

The Persian word کتاب‌شناختی (pronounced as ketāb-shenākhti) is a sophisticated academic adjective derived from the noun کتاب‌شناسی (bibliography). In its essence, it refers to anything related to the systematic description, identification, and classification of books and other written materials. When you use this term, you are moving beyond the simple act of reading a book; you are entering the realm of library science, academic research, and the physical history of literature. It is most commonly encountered in scholarly environments, such as universities, national libraries, and research papers where precise citation and source verification are paramount. For an English speaker, the closest equivalent is 'bibliographic' or 'bibliographical'.

Academic Context
In academic writing, scholars often refer to 'مشخصات کتاب‌شناختی' (bibliographic specifications) to denote the metadata of a source—such as the author's name, publication date, publisher, and ISBN. This ensures that other researchers can locate the exact edition of a work cited.
Library and Information Science
Librarians utilize 'کنترل کتاب‌شناختی' (bibliographic control) to manage vast collections. This involves creating standardized records that allow for efficient searching and retrieval of information within a database or a physical archive.

برای نگارش پایان‌نامه، باید تمام منابع را با دقت کتاب‌شناختی بررسی کنید.

Translation: For writing a thesis, you must examine all sources with bibliographic precision.

The term is also vital in the study of rare manuscripts. A 'توصیف کتاب‌شناختی' (bibliographic description) of a 12th-century Persian manuscript would include details about the paper type, ink, binding, and the lineage of previous owners. This physical bibliography helps historians authenticate texts and understand the transmission of knowledge across centuries. In the modern digital age, the term has expanded to include digital resources. 'پایگاه‌های داده کتاب‌شناختی' (bibliographic databases) like Google Scholar or specialized Iranian platforms like Magiran rely on these structures to organize millions of articles and books. Understanding this word is a gateway to high-level Persian literacy, as it signals a familiarity with the formal structures of knowledge and documentation.

فهرست کتاب‌شناختی این کتابخانه شامل نسخه‌های خطی بسیار نادری است.

Translation: The bibliographic list of this library includes very rare manuscripts.
Historical Depth
Persian culture has a long history of 'Fehrest-nevisi' (cataloging). The word 'کتاب‌شناختی' modernizes this tradition, applying rigorous scientific standards to the ancient art of cataloging books.

اطلاعات کتاب‌شناختی ناقص می‌تواند باعث سردرگمی محققان شود.

Translation: Incomplete bibliographic information can cause confusion for researchers.

Using کتاب‌شناختی correctly requires placing it as a modifier for nouns related to data, records, or research. Because it is an adjective, it follows the noun it modifies via the Ezafe construction (the short 'e' sound linking the noun and adjective). For example, in 'اطلاعاتِ کتاب‌شناختی' (etellā'āt-e ketāb-shenākhti), the 'e' links 'information' with 'bibliographic'. This section explores various grammatical structures where this word shines.

Subject of a Sentence
When the 'bibliographic aspect' is the main topic: 'جنبه‌های کتاب‌شناختی این اثر هنوز بررسی نشده است' (The bibliographic aspects of this work have not yet been examined).
Object of a Verb
Often used with verbs like 'بررسی کردن' (to examine) or 'ثبت کردن' (to record): 'کتابدار مشخصات کتاب‌شناختی را در سامانه ثبت کرد' (The librarian recorded the bibliographic details in the system).

دانشجویان باید با استانداردهای کتاب‌شناختی بین‌المللی آشنا شوند.

Translation: Students must become familiar with international bibliographic standards.

In complex sentences, you might see it paired with other technical adjectives. For instance, 'تحلیل‌های محتوایی و کتاب‌شناختی' (content and bibliographic analyses). Here, the word helps distinguish between the 'what' of the book (content) and the 'about' of the book (bibliographic data). It is also frequently used in the plural form when referring to multiple sets of data, though the adjective form itself remains 'کتاب‌شناختی'.

این نرم‌افزار برای مدیریت مراجع کتاب‌شناختی طراحی شده است.

Translation: This software is designed for managing bibliographic references.

بدون ارجاع کتاب‌شناختی دقیق، اعتبار علمی مقاله زیر سوال می‌رود.

Translation: Without accurate bibliographic citation, the scientific validity of the article is called into question.
Comparative Use
When comparing two editions: 'تفاوت‌های کتاب‌شناختی بین چاپ اول و دوم چشمگیر است' (The bibliographic differences between the first and second editions are significant).

او یک پژوهش کتاب‌شناختی گسترده روی آثار عطار انجام داده است.

Translation: He has conducted extensive bibliographic research on Attar's works.

While you won't hear کتاب‌شناختی at a fruit market, it is omnipresent in the Iranian intellectual landscape. To hear it, you must step into 'فضاهای نخبگانی' (elite spaces). One of the most common places is the **Tehran International Book Fair** (نمایشگاه بین‌المللی کتاب تهران). During the seminars and specialized workshops held there, experts discuss the 'وضعیت کتاب‌شناختی' (bibliographic status) of the publishing industry in Iran and the Middle East.

In Higher Education
In Persian literature or Library Science departments, professors use this word constantly. They might ask students to prepare a 'گزارش کتاب‌شناختی' (bibliographic report) of their primary sources. It's a staple of academic discourse.
News and Media
On TV channels like 'شبکه چهار' (Channel 4, known as the channel of wisdom), literary critics use the term when discussing the publication history of famous poets or when a new national database is launched.

کتابخانه‌ی ملی ایران خدمات کتاب‌شناختی گسترده‌ای به پژوهشگران ارائه می‌دهد.

Translation: The National Library of Iran provides extensive bibliographic services to researchers.

You will also encounter it in the 'پیش‌گفتار' (preface) or 'مقدمه' (introduction) of scholarly books. Authors often thank librarians for their 'کمک‌های کتاب‌شناختی' (bibliographic assistance). In the digital realm, Iranian websites like **Ganj** (the Iranian database of theses) or the **National Library and Archives of Iran (NLAI)** website use this term as a primary category for searching and filtering data. If you are browsing the online catalog of the **Astaneh Quds Razavi Library** in Mashhad—one of the world's richest collections of Islamic manuscripts—you will see 'اطلاعات کتاب‌شناختی' as a header for every item.

در این وبینار، روش‌های نوین جستجوی کتاب‌شناختی آموزش داده شد.

Translation: In this webinar, modern bibliographic search methods were taught.

منبع اصلی این ادعا، یک یادداشت کتاب‌شناختی قدیمی است.

Translation: The main source of this claim is an old bibliographic note.

Even for native speakers, technical terms like کتاب‌شناختی can lead to confusion. The most common error is confusing the adjective کتاب‌شناختی with the noun کتاب‌شناسی. While they are related, they function differently in a sentence. You cannot say 'من یک کتاب‌شناختی نوشتم' (I wrote a bibliographic); you must say 'من یک کتاب‌شناسی نوشتم' (I wrote a bibliography).

Mistake 1: Noun vs. Adjective
Incorrect: 'او استادِ کتاب‌شناختی است.' (He is a professor of bibliographic.)
Correct: 'او استادِ کتاب‌شناسی است.' (He is a professor of bibliography.)
Mistake 2: Overuse in Casual Contexts
Using this word when you just mean 'about the book' in a casual conversation sounds pretentious. Don't say 'اطلاعات کتاب‌شناختی‌ات را به من بده' to a friend when you just want the book's name. Use 'اسم کتاب' instead.

اشتباه متداول: خلط بین توصیف محتوایی و توصیف کتاب‌شناختی.

Translation: Common mistake: Confusion between content description and bibliographic description.

Another mistake involves spelling, specifically the use of the 'Nim-fasele' (zero-width non-joiner). In modern standard Persian, 'کتاب‌شناختی' should be written with a Nim-fasele between 'کتاب' and 'شناختی', not as two separate words and not as one joined word without a break. Writing it as 'کتابشناختی' (joined) is becoming common but is often discouraged in formal editing. Writing it as 'کتاب شناختی' (with a full space) is grammatically incorrect because it breaks the compound adjective into two unrelated words.

رعایت نیم‌فاصله در کلمه‌ی کتاب‌شناختی برای متون رسمی الزامی است.

Translation: Observing the half-space in the word 'bibliographic' is mandatory for formal texts.

بسیاری از نرم‌افزارها در مرتب‌سازی کتاب‌شناختی دچار خطا می‌شوند.

Translation: Many software programs make errors in bibliographic sorting.

While کتاب‌شناختی is the most precise term for 'bibliographic', several other words orbit its meaning. Understanding these nuances will help you choose the right word for the right context. The most frequent comparison is with نسخه‌شناختی (codicological), which is often confused with bibliographic but has a distinct focus.

کتاب‌شناختی vs. نسخه‌شناختی
'کتاب‌شناختی' focuses on the book as a published or recorded entity (metadata, editions). 'نسخه‌شناختی' (codicological) focuses on the book as a physical artifact, specifically manuscripts (paper, binding, handwriting styles).
کتاب‌شناختی vs. کتاب‌نامه‌ای
'کتاب‌نامه‌ای' (bibliographical/list-like) is an older or less formal synonym. It literally means 'relating to a book-list'. While 'کتاب‌شناختی' sounds scientific, 'کتاب‌نامه‌ای' sounds descriptive.

برخلاف بررسی‌های کتاب‌شناختی، مطالعات نسخه‌شناسی به فیزیک کتاب می‌پردازند.

Translation: Unlike bibliographic examinations, codicological studies deal with the physics of the book.

Another alternative is مرجع‌شناختی (referential/related to references). This is used when the focus is specifically on the citations and the act of referring to other works. For example, 'دقت مرجع‌شناختی' (referential accuracy) is crucial for academic integrity. However, 'کتاب‌شناختی' remains the broader, more comprehensive term for the field of study.

اطلاعات کتاب‌شناختی شامل نام نویسنده، ناشر و سال چاپ است.

Translation: Bibliographic information includes the author's name, publisher, and year of publication.

فهرست‌های کتاب‌شناختی ابزاری حیاتی برای پژوهشگران هستند.

Translation: Bibliographic lists are vital tools for researchers.

Pronunciation Guide

UK /ke.tɒːb.ʃe.nɒːx.tiː/
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Examples by Level

1

این یک کتاب است.

This is a book.

Simple subject-predicate sentence.

2

نام کتاب چیست؟

What is the name of the book?

Asking for basic information.

3

اطلاعات کتاب اینجاست.

The book information is here.

A1 equivalent of bibliographic info.

4

من کتاب می‌خوانم.

I read books.

Basic verb usage.

5

کتابخانه بزرگ است.

The library is big.

Simple adjective usage.

6

این لیست کتاب است.

This is a book list.

Simple noun phrase.

7

نویسنده کیست؟

Who is the author?

Asking for specific metadata.

8

کتاب را باز کن.

Open the book.

Imperative sentence.

1

من مشخصات کتاب را می‌نویسم.

I am writing the book details.

Using 'مشخصات' (specifications).

2

این لیست کتاب‌شناسی است.

This is a bibliography list.

Introducing the noun form.

3

اطلاعات کتاب‌شناختی مهم است.

Bibliographic information is important.

First use of the target adjective.

4

کتابدار به من کمک کرد.

The librarian helped me.

Context of libraries.

5

من در سایت جستجو کردم.

I searched on the website.

Digital context.

6

سال چاپ کتاب ۲۰۲۰ است.

The publication year of the book is 2020.

Specific bibliographic detail.

7

این کتاب مرجع است.

This is a reference book.

Introducing 'مرجع' (reference).

8

دفترچه یادداشت من کجاست؟

Where is my notebook?

Possessive pronoun.

1

باید منابع کتاب‌شناختی را چک کنم.

I must check the bibliographic sources.

Modal verb 'باید' with adjective.

2

این مقاله اطلاعات کتاب‌شناختی دقیقی ندارد.

This article does not have accurate bibliographic information.

Negative sentence with adjective.

3

او در حال تهیه یک فهرست کتاب‌شناختی است.

He is preparing a bibliographic list.

Continuous tense.

4

آیا این کتابخانه پایگاه داده کتاب‌شناختی دارد؟

Does this library have a bibliographic database?

Compound noun phrase.

5

مشخصات کتاب‌شناختی را در انتهای مقاله بیاورید.

Bring the bibliographic specifications at the end of the article.

Formal imperative.

6

این سایت برای جستجوی کتاب‌شناختی عالی است.

This site is great for bibliographic search.

Prepositional phrase.

7

من به دنبال توصیف کتاب‌شناختی این نسخه هستم.

I am looking for the bibliographic description of this version.

Complex noun phrase with Ezafe.

8

او کتاب‌شناسی آثار هدایت را منتشر کرد.

He published the bibliography of Hedayat's works.

Noun form usage.

1

رعایت استانداردهای کتاب‌شناختی در پژوهش الزامی است.

Observing bibliographic standards in research is mandatory.

Gerund 'رعایت' as subject.

2

خطاهای کتاب‌شناختی می‌توانند اعتبار علمی را کاهش دهند.

Bibliographic errors can reduce scientific credibility.

Plural noun with adjective.

3

این نرم‌افزار مدیریت مراجع کتاب‌شناختی را آسان می‌کند.

This software makes bibliographic reference management easy.

Complex object phrase.

4

گزارش کتاب‌شناختی شامل تمام جزئیات نشر است.

The bibliographic report includes all publication details.

Defining a term.

5

بسیاری از نسخه‌های خطی فاقد شناسنامه کتاب‌شناختی هستند.

Many manuscripts lack a bibliographic ID (colophon/record).

Using 'فاقد' (lacking).

6

او یک مطالعه‌ی کتاب‌شناختی تطبیقی انجام داده است.

He has conducted a comparative bibliographic study.

Double adjective modification.

7

پایگاه‌های داده کتاب‌شناختی در حال گسترش هستند.

Bibliographic databases are expanding.

Progressive tense.

8

دقت در ارجاع‌دهی کتاب‌شناختی نشانه‌ی حرفه‌ای بودن است.

Precision in bibliographic referencing is a sign of professionalism.

Abstract noun as subject.

1

تحلیل کتاب‌شناختی آثار کلاسیک، لایه‌های پنهان تاریخ را آشکار می‌کند.

Bibliographic analysis of classic works reveals hidden layers of history.

Complex sentence structure.

2

این کتابخانه به مرکز داده‌های کتاب‌شناختی منطقه تبدیل شده است.

This library has become the bibliographic data center of the region.

Present perfect tense.

3

مشکلات کتاب‌شناختی در حوزه‌ی نشر دیجیتال جدی‌تر هستند.

Bibliographic problems in the digital publishing field are more serious.

Comparative adjective.

4

او با رویکردی کتاب‌شناختی به نقد ادبیات معاصر پرداخت.

He engaged in the critique of contemporary literature with a bibliographic approach.

Adverbial phrase with 'با'.

5

پروژه‌ی ملی کنترل کتاب‌شناختی با موفقیت به پایان رسید.

The national bibliographic control project was successfully completed.

Passive-like construction.

6

تفاوت‌های کتاب‌شناختی نسخه‌های مختلف شاهنامه بسیار زیاد است.

The bibliographic differences between various versions of the Shahnameh are immense.

Subject-verb agreement with plural.

7

این پژوهش بر مبنای داده‌های کتاب‌شناختی استخراج شده از آرشیوهاست.

This research is based on bibliographic data extracted from archives.

Complex prepositional phrase.

8

نقص در ساختار کتاب‌شناختی مانع از بازیابی درست اطلاعات می‌شود.

A flaw in the bibliographic structure prevents proper information retrieval.

Causal relationship sentence.

1

واکاوی کتاب‌شناختی متون کهن نیازمند اشراف بر تاریخ چاپ و نشر است.

Bibliographic scrutiny of ancient texts requires mastery over the history of printing and publishing.

Use of 'واکاوی' (scrutiny/analysis).

2

استانداردسازی کتاب‌شناختی در سطح جهانی، تبادل علمی را تسهیل می‌کند.

Global bibliographic standardization facilitates scientific exchange.

Subject is a complex gerund phrase.

3

این رساله به تبیین جایگاه کتاب‌شناختی آثار گمنام دوره صفوی می‌پردازد.

This dissertation deals with explaining the bibliographic status of anonymous Safavid-era works.

Highly formal academic phrasing.

4

فقدان یک نظام کتاب‌شناختی یکپارچه، بزرگترین چالش کتابخانه‌های ماست.

The lack of a unified bibliographic system is the greatest challenge of our libraries.

Abstract noun 'فقدان' as subject.

5

او با مداقه در جزئیات کتاب‌شناختی، اصالت اثر را اثبات کرد.

By scrutinizing bibliographic details, he proved the authenticity of the work.

Use of 'مداقه' (scrutiny).

6

پویایی فضای مجازی، تعاریف سنتی کتاب‌شناختی را با چالش مواجه کرده است.

The dynamism of cyberspace has challenged traditional bibliographic definitions.

Metaphorical usage.

7

گستره‌ی نفوذ این پایگاه کتاب‌شناختی فراتر از مرزهای ملی است.

The scope of influence of this bibliographic database extends beyond national borders.

Formal possessive construction.

8

ضرورت بازنگری در کدهای کتاب‌شناختی بیش از پیش احساس می‌شود.

The necessity of revising bibliographic codes is felt more than ever.

Passive voice with 'احساس شدن'.

Common Collocations

مشخصات کتاب‌شناختی
پایگاه داده کتاب‌شناختی
توصیف کتاب‌شناختی
کنترل کتاب‌شناختی
گزارش کتاب‌شناختی
استاندارد کتاب‌شناختی
رکورد کتاب‌شناختی
جستجوی کتاب‌شناختی
اطلاعات کتاب‌شناختی
نظام کتاب‌شناختی

Common Phrases

بر اساس داده‌های کتاب‌شناختی

— Based on bibliographic data. Used to cite the source of factual claims.

این آمار بر اساس داده‌های کتاب‌شناختی است.

با رویکرد کتاب‌شناختی

— With a bibliographic approach. Used to define the methodology of a study.

او با رویکرد کتاب‌شناختی موضوع را بررسی کرد.

از منظر کتاب‌شناختی

— From a bibliographic perspective. Used to narrow down a discussion.

از منظر کتاب‌شناختی، این اثر بی‌نظیر است.

به لحاظ کتاب‌شناختی

— In terms of bibliography. Used to specify the aspect being discussed.

کتاب به لحاظ کتاب‌شناختی دارای ارزش بالایی است.

در حوزه‌ی کتاب‌شناختی

— In the bibliographic field. Used for general context.

تحولات جدید در حوزه‌ی کتاب‌شناختی.

بدون سوابق کتاب‌شناختی

— Without bibliographic records. Used for lost or unknown works.

این نسخه بدون سوابق کتاب‌شناختی پیدا شد.

مطالعات کتاب‌شناختی

— Bibliographic studies. A general term for this type of research.

او عمر خود را وقف مطالعات کتاب‌شناختی کرد.

منابع کتاب‌شناختی

— Bibliographic sources. Refers to the documents used for info.

منابع کتاب‌شناختی این تحقیق بسیار غنی است.

خطای کتاب‌شناختی

— Bibliographic error. Used when a citation or record is wrong.

یک خطای کتاب‌شناختی کوچک در چاپ وجود دارد.

خدمات کتاب‌شناختی

— Bibliographic services. What libraries provide to users.

بخش خدمات کتاب‌شناختی کتابخانه ملی.

Idioms & Expressions

"کتاب‌شناختی کردن"

— This is a technical jargon meaning to prepare a bibliographic record for something.

تمام کتاب‌های جدید را کتاب‌شناختی کردیم.

Professional
"در تله‌ی کتاب‌شناختی افتادن"

— To get stuck in the details of citations rather than the content (slang among PhD students).

مراقب باش در تله‌ی کتاب‌شناختی نیفتی و اصل مطلب را فراموش نکنی.

Academic Slang
"کتاب‌شناختیِ محض"

— Purely bibliographic. Implies something is very dry and factual.

این یک بررسی کتاب‌شناختی محض است و نقد ادبی ندارد.

Formal
"شناسنامه‌ی کتاب‌شناختی"

— The 'birth certificate' of a book; its primary metadata.

شناسنامه‌ی کتاب‌شناختی در ابتدای هر کتاب چاپ می‌شود.

Neutral
"گنجینه‌ی کتاب‌شناختی"

— A bibliographic treasure. Refers to a very valuable collection of records.

این کتابخانه یک گنجینه‌ی کتاب‌شناختی است.

Literary
"کد کتاب‌شناختی"

— A unique bibliographic code (like ISBN).

هر اثر باید کد کتاب‌شناختی مخصوص خود را داشته باشد.

Technical
"پیوست کتاب‌شناختی"

— A bibliographic appendix.

پیوست کتاب‌شناختی در انتهای پایان‌نامه ضروری است.

Academic
"ارزش کتاب‌شناختی"

— The bibliographic value (distinct from market or literary value).

این نسخه ارزش کتاب‌شناختی فوق‌العاده‌ای دارد.

Formal
"خلاء کتاب‌شناختی"

— A bibliographic gap; a lack of records for a certain period.

در تاریخ مشروطه با یک خلاء کتاب‌شناختی مواجه هستیم.

Scholarly
"دقت کتاب‌شناختی"

— Bibliographic precision.

دقت کتاب‌شناختی او زبانزد همگان است.

Formal
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