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مجروح

B1 adjective #4,000 most common 8 min read

مجروح

Q: How do I say 'severely injured'?

You say 'بهشدت مجروح' (be sheddat majrooh). 'Be sheddat' means 'severely' or 'with intensity'.

Injured; harmed, damaged, or impaired.

majrooh Top 4,000

At the A1 level, you only need to know that 'مجروح' (majrooh) means 'injured.' You might see it in very simple news headlines or basic stories. At this stage, focus on the fact that it describes a person who is not okay because of a physical accident. You can remember it by linking it to the word 'hospital' (بیمارستان). Even if you don't use it yourself yet—preferring the simpler word 'زخمی' (zakhmi)—recognizing it will help you understand more formal Persian. Think of it as the 'serious' version of being hurt. For example, if you see a picture of a person with a bandage, the word 'مجروح' might be written under it in a textbook. It is a 'passive' word, meaning something happened to the person. You usually use it with 'ast' (is) or 'shod' (became). Simple sentence: 'He is injured' = 'او مجروح است.'

At the A2 level, you start to see 'مجروح' in more complete sentences. You should learn to use it with the verb 'shodan' (to become). For example, 'او در تصادف مجروح شد' (He got injured in an accident). You also begin to distinguish between 'مجروح' (injured person) and 'آسیب‌دیده' (damaged thing). A2 learners should notice that 'مجروح' is used for people and animals. You might also encounter the plural form 'مجروحان' (the injured) in basic news clips. It's important to start noticing the difference in 'feeling' between this word and 'zakhmi.' While 'zakhmi' is fine for a small cut on your finger, 'مجروح' sounds like something you'd tell a doctor or a teacher. You are building the foundation to describe accidents and physical states more accurately.

As a B1 learner, you should be able to use 'مجروح' comfortably in both speech and writing. You should understand its Arabic root (J-R-H) and how it relates to other words like 'Jarrah' (surgeon). At this level, you start using adverbs to describe the injury, such as 'به‌شدت مجروح' (severely injured) or 'جزئی مجروح' (slightly injured). You can also use the word metaphorically to describe feelings, like 'روح مجروح' (injured soul). You should be able to report an event: 'The earthquake left many people injured.' You also learn the specific grammar of 'az nāhiye-ye...' (in the area of...) to say where the injury is. This is the level where you move from basic communication to more detailed and formal descriptions of events and emotions.

At the B2 level, you have a nuanced understanding of 'مجروح' versus its synonyms like 'مصدوم' (masdoom) and 'لطمه‌دیده' (harmed). You can use 'مجروح' in complex sentence structures, such as 'Despite being injured, he continued to work' (با وجود اینکه مجروح بود، به کارش ادامه داد). You are expected to recognize the word in various registers, from a formal medical report to a piece of modern literature. You also understand the cultural weight of the word in historical contexts, such as the 'wounded of the war.' You can participate in discussions about public safety or health and use this term correctly without confusing it with words for inanimate damage. Your vocabulary is now precise enough to choose 'مجروح' when the situation demands a professional or serious tone.

At the C1 level, 'مجروح' is part of your sophisticated vocabulary. You use it to discuss abstract concepts, such as 'the injured pride of a nation' or 'the wounded psyche of a generation.' You are familiar with literary and archaic uses of the root, and you can appreciate how contemporary writers use 'مجروح' to create specific moods. You understand the subtle differences between 'مجروح' and 'جراحت‌دیده' and can use them to avoid repetition in long essays. You can follow fast-paced news debates where the word is used in legal or humanitarian contexts. Your pronunciation is perfect, including the correct stress and the slight 'h' sound at the end. You can also use the Arabic plural 'مجروحین' (majroohin) appropriately in formal or religious settings.

At the C2 level, your command of 'مجروح' is indistinguishable from that of a highly educated native speaker. You can use the word in high-level academic writing, legal documents, or classical-style poetry. You understand the historical evolution of the word from its Arabic origins to its current place in the Persian lexicon. You can analyze how the use of 'مجروح' instead of 'zakhmi' changes the entire tone of a poem or a political speech. You can use the word's derivatives effortlessly—'جراحت' (the wound), 'تجریح' (to wound/to criticize harshly in old texts). You have a complete grasp of all idiomatic and metaphorical expressions involving the word and can even use it ironically or with subtle shades of meaning that only an expert would catch.

Practice it Examples Notes & Tips

مجروح in 30 Seconds

Majrooh means 'injured' or 'wounded' in a formal context.
It is used for living beings (humans/animals), not objects.
It comes from the Arabic root for 'wound' (J-R-H).
Commonly found in news, medical reports, and literature.

The Persian word مجروح (Majrooh) is a sophisticated adjective primarily used to describe a person or living being that has sustained physical injuries or wounds. Rooted in the Arabic triliteral root J-R-H (جرح), which pertains to cutting or wounding, it carries a sense of formal gravity. Unlike the more colloquial term زخمی (Zakhmi), which you might use for a minor scratch or a casual conversation, مجروح is the standard term found in medical reports, news broadcasts, and formal literature. It implies a level of severity that often requires medical attention or signifies a significant impact on the body's integrity. When you hear this word on the Iranian news (IRIB), it is almost always in the context of accidents, natural disasters, or conflicts. However, its usage isn't strictly biological; in the vast world of Persian poetry and contemporary prose, it is frequently employed metaphorically to describe a 'wounded soul' or 'injured feelings,' suggesting a pain that goes deeper than the skin.

Etymological Connection: The word shares the same root as جراح (Jarrāh), meaning 'surgeon'—literally 'the one who deals with wounds'—and جراحت (Jarāhat), meaning 'the injury' or 'the wound' itself. Understanding this connection helps learners realize that مجروح is the passive state of being affected by such a condition.
Register and Context: While a mother might tell her child 'دستت زخمی شده' (Your hand is scratched/wounded), a hospital spokesperson would state 'بیمار به شدت مجروح است' (The patient is severely injured). Using مجروح in casual settings can sometimes sound overly dramatic or clinical, whereas using زخمی in a legal document might seem too informal.

سرباز فداکار در جریان عملیات نجات مجروح شد اما جان سه نفر را نجات داد.
— The selfless soldier was injured during the rescue operation but saved three lives.

In the realm of emotional expression, Persian speakers use this word to elevate the description of their heartache. To say 'قلب من مجروح است' (My heart is injured) conveys a sense of profound, perhaps even noble, suffering that 'دلم شکسته' (My heart is broken) might not fully capture in certain literary contexts. It suggests that the pain has left a lasting mark, a 'wound' that needs healing rather than just a 'break' that needs fixing. This nuance is vital for B1 learners who are moving beyond basic descriptions into more expressive and precise language. Furthermore, the word functions perfectly as a noun in the plural form مجروحان (Majroohān), referring to 'the wounded' or 'the injured' as a collective group, common in humanitarian and emergency reporting.

تعداد مجروحان حادثه رانندگی به ده نفر رسید.
— The number of injured persons in the traffic accident reached ten.

Mastering the use of مجروح involves understanding its placement as an adjective and its transformation into a noun. In Persian grammar, adjectives typically follow the noun they describe using the Ezafe construction (the short 'e' sound). However, when مجروح acts as a predicate adjective—describing the subject of the sentence—it appears at the end before the verb. For instance, 'The bird is injured' becomes 'پرنده مجروح است'. This structure is the most common way learners will encounter the word. As you progress, you will see it paired with intensive adverbs like به‌شدت (severely) or جزئی (slightly) to specify the degree of the injury.

Common Verb Pairings: 1. مجروح شدن: To get injured (Passive/Intransitive).
2. مجروح کردن: To injure someone else (Active/Transitive).
3. مجروح ساختن: A more formal/literary version of 'to injure'.

او در مسابقه فوتبال از ناحیه پا مجروح شد.
— He was injured in the leg during the football match.

Another important grammatical feature is the pluralization. When referring to 'the wounded' as a group, we add the suffix -ان (-ān), resulting in مجروحان. This is a hallmark of formal Persian, especially when referring to humans. In news reports, you might hear 'انتقال مجروحان به بیمارستان' (transferring the wounded to the hospital). It is also worth noting that in Persian, unlike English, we often specify the 'area' of injury using the phrase از ناحیهِ... (from the area of...). So, 'his hand was injured' can be expressed as 'او از ناحیه دست مجروح شد'. This adds a layer of precision that is highly valued in formal communication.

سخنان تلخ تو روح مرا مجروح کرد.
— Your bitter words injured my soul.

If you turn on a Persian-language news channel like BBC Persian, Iran International, or the national VIRI, مجروح is a word you will encounter daily. It is the 'anchor' word for reporting on any incident involving human casualties. Journalists prefer it because it sounds objective and professional. You will hear it in the context of traffic reports ('در این تصادف سه نفر مجروح شدند'), war reporting, or coverage of natural disasters like earthquakes. It is also the standard term used by emergency services. If you ever find yourself in an Iranian hospital (بیمارستان), you might see signs or hear staff referring to patients as 'بیماران مجروح' if they arrived from an accident scene.

In Literature and Cinema: Persian cinema, especially films dealing with the Iran-Iraq war (known as 'Sacred Defense' cinema), uses this word constantly. It carries a weight of sacrifice and heroism. In poetry, it shifts toward the romantic or existential, describing the 'wounded lover' whose heart has been pierced by the 'arrow of a glance' (تیرِ نگاه).

گزارشگر گفت که تمام مجروحان به نزدیک‌ترین درمانگاه منتقل شده‌اند.
— The reporter said that all the injured have been transferred to the nearest clinic.

Beyond the news, you might encounter مجروح in formal speeches or academic lectures discussing social issues. For example, a sociologist might talk about 'جامعه‌ای با روانِ مجروح' (a society with an injured psyche), referring to collective trauma. This flexibility—from the literal blood and bandages of an ER room to the abstract pain of a nation—makes it a powerful tool for any speaker. In daily life, while people might say 'آخ! زخمی شدم' (Ouch! I got cut/wounded) for a small kitchen accident, they would use مجروح when discussing the victims of a major explosion in the city. It defines the scale and the seriousness of the event.

One of the most frequent errors English speakers make when learning Persian is using مجروح to describe inanimate objects. In English, you can say 'the car was injured' (metaphorically) or 'the table is damaged'. In Persian, مجروح is strictly for living beings—humans and animals. If a car is damaged in an accident, you must use خسارت‌دیده (khesārat-dideh) or simply آسیب‌دیده (āsib-dideh). Saying 'ماشین مجروح شد' would sound very strange to a native speaker, almost as if you were personifying the car in a fairy tale.

Confusing Majrooh with Masdoom: مصدوم (Masdoom) is another word for 'injured' or 'casualty'. While they are often interchangeable, Masdoom is more frequently used for injuries resulting from 'shocks' or 'accidents' (like a concussion or a fall), whereas مجروح specifically implies a 'wound' or a physical 'breach' (like a cut or a gunshot).

اشتباه: صندلی در طول اسباب‌کشی مجروح شد.
درست: صندلی در طول اسباب‌کشی آسیب دید.
— Wrong: The chair was injured during the move. Correct: The chair was damaged during the move.

Another mistake is the confusion between مجروح and جراح. Because they look similar, learners sometimes swap 'injured' with 'surgeon'. Remember: the 'M' at the beginning of مجروح often signifies the passive recipient of an action in Arabic-derived words. Also, be careful with the intensity. Don't use مجروح for a tiny paper cut. If you tell your Persian friend 'من مجروح شدم' after a small prick, they might panic and call an ambulance! Stick to زخمی for the small stuff. Lastly, remember the auxiliary verb. It is almost always شدن (to become). Using بودن (to be) describes a state, but the act of getting hurt is شدن.

Persian is rich with synonyms for 'injured,' each carrying a different flavor. Understanding these nuances will make your Persian sound much more natural. The most common alternative is زخمی (Zakhmi). This is a native Persian word (as opposed to the Arabic-rooted مجروح). It is versatile, used for everything from a scraped knee to a war wound in casual speech. Another key word is مصدوم (Masdoom), which you'll see in sports news. If a player is 'injured' and can't play, they are usually مصدوم. It implies being 'out of commission' due to physical trauma.

Comparison: Majrooh vs. Zakhmi: Majrooh: Formal, clinical, severe, often used in plural for groups.
Zakhmi: Informal, common, used for any physical cut or wound.
Comparison: Majrooh vs. آسیب‌دیده (Āsib-dideh): Majrooh: Only for living things (blood/wounds).
Āsib-dideh: Universal; can be used for people, buildings, economies, or electronics.

او نه تنها جسمش مجروح بود، بلکه قلبش هم شکسته بود.
— Not only was his body injured, but his heart was also broken.

For more poetic or archaic contexts, you might encounter خسته (khasteh). While in modern Persian it means 'tired,' in classical poetry, it often meant 'wounded' or 'sore.' For example, 'خستهِ شمشیر' meant 'wounded by a sword.' Today, however, stick to مجروح for formal accuracy. If you want to describe someone who is 'hurt' emotionally in a very deep, almost spiritual way, دل‌خسته or آزرده (āzordeh) are excellent choices. Azordeh means offended or pained, often used when someone's feelings are hurt by a friend's behavior. Choosing the right word depends entirely on whether you are reporting a car crash or writing a love letter.

How Formal Is It?

Formal

"مصدومین و مجروحین به مراکز درمانی منتقل شدند."

Neutral

"او در بازی فوتبال مجروح شد."

Informal

"طفلی مجروح شده، ببریمش دکتر."

Child friendly

"جوجه کوچولو مجروح شده، باید بالشو ببندیم."

Slang

"دهنش سرویس، طرفو بدجور مجروح کرد!"

Fun Fact

The same root gives us 'Jarrah' (surgeon). In ancient times, the person who made the wound (in battle) and the person who fixed it (the surgeon) were seen as two sides of the same 'cutting' action.

Pronunciation Guide

UK /mædʒ.ruːh/

US /mædʒ.ruːh/

The stress is typically on the second syllable: maj-ROOH.

Rhymes With

شکوه (Shokooh) روح (Rooh) نوح (Nooh) فتوح (Futooh) سطوح (Sutooh) وضوح (Vozooh) مجروح (Majrooh) مفتوح (Maftooh)

Common Errors

Pronouncing the 'j' as a French 'j' (zh). It should be a hard 'j' like in 'jump'.
Omiting the final 'h' sound.
Confusing the 'u' (oo) sound with a short 'o'.
Swapping the 'r' and 'j' positions.
Misplacing the stress on the first syllable.

Difficulty Rating

Reading 3/5

Easy to recognize in news and books once you know the root.

Writing 4/5

Requires remembering the 'h' at the end and the 'j' spelling.

Speaking 3/5

Common enough that learners should use it for formal situations.

Listening 4/5

Can be confused with 'zakhmi' or 'masdoom' in fast speech.

What to Learn Next

Prerequisites

زخم بیمارستان تصادف شدن بدن

Learn Next

جراحت مصدوم حادثه اورژانس درمان

Advanced

تجریح جراح خسته (archaic) لطمه

Grammar to Know

Passive Participle (Ism-e-Maf'ul)

مجروح is the one who received the 'jarch' (wound).

Ezafe Construction

سربازِ مجروح (The injured soldier).

Arabic Pluralization in Persian

Adding 'in' to make 'مجروحین'.

Compound Verbs with 'Shodan'

مجروح شدن as a single unit of meaning.

Adverbial Placement

Adverbs like 'به‌شدت' come before 'مجروح'.

Examples by Level

او مجروح است.

He is injured.

Simple subject + adjective + to be verb.

سگ مجروح بود.

The dog was injured.

Past tense of 'to be'.

من مجروح نیستم.

I am not injured.

Negative form of 'to be'.

آیا تو مجروح هستی؟

Are you injured?

Interrogative sentence.

گربه مجروح شد.

The cat got injured.

Using 'shodan' for 'to become'.

پدرم مجروح است.

My father is injured.

Possessive 'am' suffix.

یک مرد مجروح اینجا بود.

An injured man was here.

Adjective before the noun with 'yek'.

او کمی مجروح شد.

He was slightly injured.

Using 'kami' (a little) as an adverb.

او در تصادف مجروح شد.

He was injured in the accident.

Prepositional phrase 'dar tasādof'.

پرنده مجروح نمی‌تواند پرواز کند.

The injured bird cannot fly.

Adjective modifying the subject.

ما به مجروحان کمک کردیم.

We helped the injured (people).

Plural noun 'majroohān'.

دست او مجروح شده است.

His hand has been injured.

Present perfect tense.

پلیس مجروح را به بیمارستان برد.

The police took the injured person to the hospital.

Direct object with 'rā'.

سرباز در جنگ مجروح شد.

The soldier was injured in the war.

Context-specific usage.

چرا او مجروح است؟

Why is he injured?

Question word 'cherā'.

چند نفر مجروح شدند؟

How many people were injured?

Question about quantity.

راننده به شدت در حادثه مجروح شد.

The driver was severely injured in the incident.

Adverbial phrase 'be sheddat'.

او از ناحیه سر مجروح شده است.

He has been injured in the head area.

Specific medical phrasing 'az nāhiye-ye'.

قلب مجروح او به زمان نیاز دارد.

His injured heart needs time.

Metaphorical usage.

امدادگران در حال مداوای مجروحان هستند.

The rescuers are treating the injured.

Continuous present tense.

هیچ‌کس در این آتش‌سوزی مجروح نشد.

No one was injured in this fire.

Negative subject 'hich-kas'.

او با وجود اینکه مجروح بود، لبخند می‌زد.

Despite being injured, he was smiling.

Concessive clause 'bā vojud-e inke'.

کدام یک از بازیکنان مجروح است؟

Which one of the players is injured?

Relative pronoun 'kodām yek'.

او سعی کرد به حیوان مجروح کمک کند.

He tried to help the injured animal.

Infinitive construction 'komak kardan'.

بسیاری از مجروحان جنگی به فیزیوتراپی نیاز دارند.

Many war-injured (veterans) need physiotherapy.

Compound noun 'majroohān-e jangi'.

غرور مجروح او اجازه عذرخواهی نمی‌داد.

His injured pride did not allow for an apology.

Abstract noun modification.

او در حالی که به شدت مجروح بود، خود را به تلفن رساند.

While he was severely injured, he reached the phone.

Adverbial clause of manner.

تعداد دقیق مجروحین هنوز مشخص نیست.

The exact number of injured is not yet clear.

Using Arabic plural 'majroohin'.

او هرگز اجازه نداد روح مجروحش بر زندگی‌اش اثر بگذارد.

He never let his injured soul affect his life.

Complex sentence with causative 'ejāze dādan'.

پزشکان برای نجات مجروحان تلاش شبانه‌روزی کردند.

Doctors made round-the-clock efforts to save the injured.

Compound adjective 'shabāne-ruzi'.

این فیلم داستان یک عکاس مجروح را روایت می‌کند.

This film narrates the story of an injured photographer.

Narrative structure.

او از ناحیه کمر به طور جزئی مجروح شد.

He was slightly injured in the lower back area.

Adverbial phrase 'be towr-e joz'i'.

روان‌شناسان معتقدند که این کودک روانی مجروح دارد.

Psychologists believe that this child has an injured psyche.

Psychological terminology.

ادبیات کلاسیک ما پر از توصیف دل‌های مجروح است.

Our classical literature is full of descriptions of injured hearts.

Literary context.

او با پیکری مجروح اما اراده‌ای استوار به مقصد رسید.

With an injured body but a firm will, he reached the destination.

Contrasting adjectives.

مراقبت از مجروحان شیمیایی تخصص خاصی می‌طلبد.

Caring for chemical-injured victims requires special expertise.

Technical/Scientific context.

او در یادداشت‌هایش خود را 'مجروحی در انتظار شفا' نامیده است.

In his notes, he called himself 'an injured person waiting for healing'.

Quotation and complex noun phrase.

این واقعه جراحت عمیقی بر پیکره جامعه وارد کرد و بسیاری را مجروح ساخت.

This event inflicted a deep wound on the body of society and injured many.

Formal verb 'majrooh sākht'.

او از اینکه نتوانسته بود به همرزم مجروحش کمک کند، احساس گناه می‌کرد.

He felt guilty for not being able to help his injured comrade.

Subordinate clause with past potential.

آمار مجروحان جاده‌ای در ایام نوروز به طرز نگران‌کننده‌ای افزایش یافت.

The statistics of road-injured during Nowruz increased alarmingly.

Formal reporting style.

تبیین وضعیت مجروحان در حقوق بین‌الملل بشردوستانه ضروری است.

Explaining the status of the wounded in international humanitarian law is essential.

Legal and academic register.

شاعر با استعاره از 'مرغ مجروح'، به توصیف آزادی‌خواهان دربند می‌پردازد.

Using the 'injured bird' as a metaphor, the poet describes imprisoned freedom-seekers.

Literary analysis.

هر جراحت فیزیکی ممکن است لایه‌های پنهانی از روان مجروح را آشکار سازد.

Every physical injury may reveal hidden layers of an injured psyche.

Philosophical nuance.

بررسی تطبیقی واژه 'مجروح' در متون پهلوی و فارسی میانه.

A comparative study of the word 'injured' in Pahlavi and Middle Persian texts.

Linguistic research style.

او با نگاهی مجروح به افق خیره شده بود، گویی تمام دردهای جهان را در سینه داشت.

With an injured gaze, he stared at the horizon, as if he carried all the world's pains in his chest.

High literary prose.

در این رساله، به بازنمایی چهره مجروحان در هنر معاصر پرداخته شده است.

This thesis deals with the representation of the face of the injured in contemporary art.

Academic passive construction.

تجلی 'انسان مجروح' در آثار داستانی پس از جنگ.

The manifestation of the 'injured human' in post-war fictional works.

Thematic analysis.

او چنان با مهارت از واژه مجروح استفاده کرد که عمق فاجعه را بدون اغراق بیان نمود.

He used the word 'injured' so skillfully that he expressed the depth of the tragedy without exaggeration.

Complex adverbial construction.

Common Collocations

مجروح جنگی

به شدت مجروح

مجروح جزئی

انتقال مجروحان

تعداد مجروحان

مداوای مجروحان

مجروح از ناحیه...

کمک به مجروحان

وضعیت مجروح

هویت مجروحان

Common Phrases

مجروح و مصدوم

قلب مجروح

پیکر مجروح

روح مجروح

مجروح حادثه

به سختی مجروح شدن

مرغ مجروح

مجروحِ عشق

درمان مجروحان

لیست مجروحان

Often Confused With

مجروح vs جراح

Jarrāh means surgeon. Majrooh is the injured person. Don't swap them!

مجروح vs زخمی

Zakhmi is more casual. Use Majrooh for serious or formal contexts.

مجروح vs مصدوم

Masdoom is more about being a 'casualty' of an accident, while Majrooh is about the 'wound'.

Idioms & Expressions

"نمک بر زخم مجروح پاشیدن"

To make a bad situation worse; like 'rubbing salt in the wound'.

حرف‌های او نمک بر زخم مجروح من پاشید.

Common

"دلِ مجروح داشتن"

To be deeply saddened or pained by something.

او از این فاجعه دلی مجروح دارد.

Literary

"مجروحِ تیرِ نگاه"

To be 'wounded' by someone's beautiful eyes or gaze.

من مجروحِ تیرِ نگاهِ او شدم.

Poetic

"با بالِ مجروح پریدن"

To persevere or continue despite having significant setbacks or pain.

او با بال مجروح به موفقیت رسید.

Inspirational

"زخمِ مجروح را تازه کردن"

To remind someone of a past pain or injury.

خاطرات قدیمی زخم مجروح او را تازه کرد.

Common

"مجروحِ شمشیرِ زبان"

To be hurt by someone's sharp words.

بسیاری مجروحِ شمشیرِ زبانِ او هستند.

Literary

"مرهم بر دل مجروح گذاشتن"

To comfort someone who is in pain.

او سعی کرد مرهمی بر دل مجروح مادرش بگذارد.

Poetic

"مجروحِ راهِ حق"

Someone who has suffered for a noble or religious cause.

او را مجروحِ راهِ حق می‌دانند.

Religious/Formal

"پا به پای مجروح رفتن"

To stay with and support someone who is suffering.

او پا به پای دوست مجروحش ماند.

Common

"مجروحِ روزگار"

Someone who has been treated harshly by life/time.

او مجروحِ روزگارِ سخت است.

Literary

Easily Confused

مجروح vs آسیب‌دیده

Both mean 'harmed'.

Āsib-dideh can be used for things (like a car). Majrooh is only for living beings.

ماشین آسیب‌دیده (Correct) / ماشین مجروح (Wrong).

مجروح vs مقتول

Both appear in crime/accident news.

Maqtool means 'killed'. Majrooh means 'injured' (still alive).

او مجروح شد اما کشته نشد.

مجروح vs بیمار

Both are in hospitals.

Bimār means 'sick' (illness). Majrooh means 'injured' (trauma).

او بیمار نیست، بلکه در تصادف مجروح شده.

مجروح vs خسته

In old Persian, they were synonyms.

Today, Khasteh means 'tired'. Only use it for 'injured' if reading 13th-century poetry.

من خسته‌ام (I am tired).

مجروح vs شکسته

Both involve physical damage.

Shekasteh means 'broken' (bones or glass). Majrooh means 'wounded' (skin/flesh).

پای او شکسته است.

Sentence Patterns

من مجروح هستم.

I am injured.

[Subject] در [Event] مجروح شد.

او در تصادف مجروح شد.

[Subject] به شدت مجروح شده است.

راننده به شدت مجروح شده است.

تعداد مجروحان [Number] نفر است.

تعداد مجروحان ده نفر است.

او از ناحیه [Body Part] مجروح شد.

او از ناحیه دست مجروح شد.

با وجود اینکه مجروح بود، [Action].

با وجود اینکه مجروح بود، فرار کرد.

این واقعه روح او را مجروح کرد.

This event injured his soul.

تبیین وضعیت مجروحان در [Context] ضروری است.

تبیین وضعیت مجروحان در قانون ضروری است.

Word Family

Nouns

Verbs

Adjectives

How to Use It

frequency

Very high in media and formal writing; moderate in daily speech.

Common Mistakes

ماشین مجروح شد. → ماشین آسیب دید.
Majrooh is only for living beings. Use 'āsib did' for objects.
او جراح است (meaning he is injured). → او مجروح است.
Jarrāh means surgeon. Majrooh means injured.
من دستم مجروح است (for a small cut). → من دستم زخمی است.
Majrooh is too formal and serious for a minor cut.
مجروحینان → مجروحان
Don't mix the Persian plural (-ān) and Arabic plural (-in).
او مجروح کرد (meaning he got injured). → او مجروح شد.
Kardan is active (he injured someone). Shodan is passive (he got injured).

Tips

News Context

When you hear 'مجروح' on the news, it almost always refers to people involved in a major incident.

Verb Pairing

Always remember that 'shodan' is the best friend of 'majrooh'.

Root Learning

Learning the J-R-H root will help you remember 'Jarrah' (surgeon) and 'Jarahat' (wound) as well.

Stress

Put the stress on the last syllable: maj-ROOH.

Formal Writing

In an essay, prefer 'majrooh' over 'zakhmi' to sound more academic.

Emotional Use

Use 'majrooh' to describe deep emotional wounds in a poetic way.

No Inanimate Objects

Never say your car is 'majrooh' unless you're writing a cartoon script.

Plural Forms

Learn both 'majroohān' and 'majroohin' to understand different levels of formality.

Specify the Area

Use 'az nāhiye-ye' to specify which part of the body is injured.

Listen for 'M'

The starting 'M' is the key to identifying this as a passive adjective (the one who *is* injured).

Memorize It

Mnemonic

Think of a 'Major' who got a 'Rooh' (soul) injury. Maj-rooh. A Major being injured in battle.

Visual Association

Imagine a soldier (Maj-) with a bright red wound (-rooh) on his arm.

Word Web

Hospital Ambulance Soldier Accident Wound Blood Surgeon Pain

Challenge

Try to use 'majrooh' in a sentence describing a scene from an action movie you recently watched.

Word Origin

Derived from the Arabic root 'J-R-H' (جرح), which means to wound, cut, or lacerate. It entered Persian through the extensive linguistic exchange following the Islamic conquest.

Original meaning: One who has been cut or wounded.

Semitic (root) / Indo-European (usage context in Persian).

Cultural Context

When discussing war or accidents in Iran, use 'majrooh' with a tone of sympathy (hamdardi). Avoid using it lightheartedly.

In English, we often use 'injured' for everything. In Persian, remember to save 'Majrooh' for people/animals and use other words for cars or phones.

The concept of 'The Wounded Bird' in Persian folk tales. War memoirs like 'Da' which detail the treatment of the majroohān. Classic poems by Saadi about the 'majrooh' heart.

Practice in Real Life

Real-World Contexts

Hospital/Medical

بخش مجروحان
شدت جراحت
وضعیت پایدار
کمک‌های اولیه

News/Reporting

گزارش حادثه
آمار مجروحان
شاهدان عینی
اعزام آمبولانس

War/Conflict

اسیر و مجروح
خط مقدم
بیمارستان صحرایی
تخلیه مجروحان

Sports

محرومیت به دلیل مصدومیت
دوران نقاهت
آسیب ورزشی
تیم پزشکی

Literature

دل مجروح
اشک و جراحت
مرهم وصال
تیر غم

Conversation Starters

"آیا کسی در آن تصادف مجروح شد؟ (Was anyone injured in that accident?)"

"چطور می‌توانیم به مجروحان زلزله کمک کنیم؟ (How can we help the earthquake injured?)"

"شنیدم برادرت در مسابقه مجروح شده، الان حالش چطور است؟ (I heard your brother was injured in the match, how is he now?)"

"چرا این پرنده مجروح روی زمین افتاده؟ (Why is this injured bird lying on the ground?)"

"آیا مجروحان به بیمارستان منتقل شده‌اند؟ (Have the injured been transferred to the hospital?)"

Journal Prompts

توصیف کنید زمانی را که شاهد مجروح شدن کسی بودید و چه حسی داشتید. (Describe a time you saw someone get injured and how you felt.)

اگر یک امدادگر بودید، چطور به یک مجروح جنگی کمک می‌کردید؟ (If you were a rescuer, how would you help a war-injured person?)

درباره تفاوت 'قلب مجروح' و 'جسم مجروح' یک متن کوتاه بنویسید. (Write a short text about the difference between an 'injured heart' and an 'injured body'.)

چرا در اخبار بیشتر از کلمه 'مجروح' استفاده می‌شود تا 'زخمی'؟ (Why is 'majrooh' used more in news than 'zakhmi'?)

داستانی درباره یک قهرمان بنویسید که با وجود مجروح بودن، کار بزرگی انجام داد. (Write a story about a hero who did something great despite being injured.)

Frequently Asked Questions

10 questions

No. For a phone, use 'kharāb' (broken/ruined) or 'āsib-dideh' (damaged). 'Majrooh' is only for living things with blood and wounds.

'Zakhmi' is the everyday Persian word for 'wounded'. 'Majrooh' is the formal, Arabic-rooted version used in news and formal writing.

You say 'به‌شدت مجروح' (be sheddat majrooh). 'Be sheddat' means 'severely' or 'with intensity'.

It is primarily an adjective (an injured man), but it can function as a noun (the injured was taken to the hospital).

The most common plural is 'majroohān' (مجروحان). In very formal or religious contexts, you might hear 'majroohin' (مجروحین).

Yes, especially in poetry and literature. You can say 'روحِ مجروح' (injured soul) or 'قلبِ مجروح' (injured heart).

'Majrooh shodan' means to *get* injured (passive). 'Majrooh kardan' means to *injure* someone else (active).

It comes from the Arabic root J-R-H (جرح), which relates to wounding or cutting.

You can, but 'madsom' (مصدوم) is much more common in the context of sports and athletes.

It is a soft breathy 'h', similar to the 'h' in 'house' but at the end of the word. Don't ignore it completely.