अपराधी in 30 Seconds
- An 'अपराधी' is a person who has committed a crime.
- 'अपराधी' refers to a convicted lawbreaker.
- This word is used in legal and news contexts for criminals.
- Distinguish from 'आरोपी' (accused).
- Noun
- A person who has committed a crime.
- Context
- Used in legal discussions, news reports, and general conversation when referring to someone who has broken the law.
पुलिस ने अपराधी को पकड़ लिया।
वह एक आदतन अपराधी है।
- Legal Context
- In legal settings, an 'अपराधी' is someone who has violated a penal code. This could range from minor offenses like petty theft to serious felonies such as murder or assault. The legal system aims to identify, prosecute, and penalize such individuals.
- Societal Perception
- The term carries significant social weight. It often implies a loss of trust and can lead to social stigma for the individual labeled as an 'अपराधी'. Society generally views such individuals as a threat to its order and safety.
- News Reporting
- News channels and newspapers frequently use 'अपराधी' when reporting on crime. For example, a headline might read, 'Police apprehended the 'अपराधी' responsible for the robbery.' This usage reinforces the word's association with law enforcement and criminal activity.
- Distinction from Suspect
- It's important to distinguish 'अपराधी' from a suspect. A suspect is someone believed to have committed a crime, but they are not yet proven guilty. 'अपराधी' usually implies a conviction or strong evidence of guilt.
- Basic Sentence Structure
- Subject + (Adverb/Adjective) + 'अपराधी' + Verb (if applicable).
- With Verbs of Action
- The word 'अपराधी' can be the subject or object of sentences describing actions related to crime.
वह अपराधी भागने की कोशिश कर रहा था।
न्यायाधीश ने अपराधी को सजा सुनाई।
पुलिस ने अपराधी की तलाश शुरू कर दी है।
यह अपराधी कई अपराधों में शामिल था।
- Describing Criminals
- You can use adjectives before 'अपराधी' to provide more detail.
वह एक खतरनाक अपराधी था।
एक कुख्यात अपराधी को गिरफ्तार किया गया।
- News and Media
- The word 'अपराधी' is very common in news reports about crime, arrests, and court proceedings. You'll see it in headlines and articles discussing criminal activities and the individuals involved.
- Legal and Judicial Settings
- In courtrooms, police stations, and legal documents, 'अपराधी' is used to refer to individuals accused or convicted of crimes.
- Discussions about Crime Prevention
- When people discuss societal issues related to crime, its causes, and prevention, the term 'अपराधी' might be used to refer to the perpetrators.
- Fictional Portrayals
- In movies, TV shows, and books, especially those involving crime dramas or thrillers, the word 'अपराधी' is frequently used to describe the antagonists.
आज की ताज़ा खबर: एक बड़े अपराधी को पकड़ा गया।
वकील ने अपने मुवक्किल को अपराधी साबित होने से बचाने की कोशिश की।
फिल्म में, मुख्य अपराधी बहुत चालाक था।
- Confusing with 'आरोपी' (Accused)
- A common mistake is using 'अपराधी' for someone who is merely accused of a crime but not yet convicted. 'आरोपी' (a-roh-pee) specifically means 'accused'. 'अपराधी' implies guilt or conviction.
- Overuse in Casual Conversation
- While 'अपराधी' is accurate for a convicted criminal, it can sound too harsh or accusatory if used casually for someone you only suspect of wrongdoing. In such cases, milder language might be more appropriate.
- Grammatical Agreement
- Ensure that any adjectives or verbs used with 'अपराधी' agree in gender and number, although as a noun referring to a person, it generally takes masculine singular forms unless referring to a group.
Incorrect: वह अपराधी है जिसे अभी तक दोषी नहीं ठहराया गया है।
Correct: वह आरोपी है जिसे अभी तक दोषी नहीं ठहराया गया है।
- आरोपी (Aaropi)
- Meaning: Accused. This term refers to someone who is formally charged with a crime but has not yet been convicted. It's a crucial distinction from 'अपराधी'.
- दोषी (Doshi)
- Meaning: Guilty person, convict. This word is very close to 'अपराधी' and often used interchangeably, especially after a conviction. It emphasizes the state of being found guilty.
- बदमाश (Badmash)
- Meaning: Rogue, scoundrel, miscreant. This is a more informal and somewhat milder term, often used for someone who behaves badly or causes trouble, but not necessarily a hardened criminal. It can carry a tone of disapproval.
- गुंडा (Gunda)
- Meaning: Goon, thug, gangster. This term is used for someone who is involved in criminal activities, often associated with violence or organized crime. It's stronger than 'बदमाश' but might not always imply a formal conviction like 'अपराधी'.
Initial stage: वह आरोपी है। (He is the accused.)
After conviction: वह अपराधी या दोषी है। (He is a criminal or guilty person.)
Informal description of bad behavior: वह बदमाश है। (He is a rogue.)
Stronger term for gangster: वह गुंडा है। (He is a gangster.)
How Formal Is It?
"न्यायिक प्रक्रिया के अनुसार, दोषी सिद्ध होने पर ही व्यक्ति 'अपराधी' कहलाता है।"
"पुलिस ने शहर के एक प्रमुख 'अपराधी' को गिरफ्तार किया।"
"अरे, वह तो बड़ा 'अपराधी' निकला!"
"जो बच्चे नियम नहीं मानते, वे 'गलत काम' करते हैं, जैसे बड़े 'अपराधी' करते हैं।"
"उस 'बदमाश' को सब 'अपराधी' ही कहते हैं।"
Fun Fact
The concept of 'अपराध' and its perpetrators has been discussed in ancient Indian texts like the Arthashastra and Manusmriti, highlighting the long-standing consideration of crime and justice in Indian culture. The term itself has evolved over centuries but maintains its core meaning of someone who transgresses.
Pronunciation Guide
- Incorrectly pronouncing the 'ध' (dh) sound as a simple 'd' or 'th'.
- Shortening the long 'आ' (aa) vowel.
- Misplacing the stress, often on the first syllable.
- Pronouncing the initial 'अ' (a) as a full 'uh' sound instead of a reduced vowel.
- Confusing the retroflex 'ध' with the aspirated 'ढ' (dha).
Difficulty Rating
At B1 level, reading comprehension of texts containing 'अपराधी' is generally good, especially in news or simpler narratives. Understanding complex legal or philosophical texts might require higher proficiency.
Learners at B1 can use 'अपराधी' in writing, but might make mistakes with nuance or formality, especially when distinguishing it from 'आरोपी'.
Speaking with 'अपराधी' requires awareness of its serious connotation. B1 speakers might use it cautiously in appropriate contexts.
Understanding 'अपराधी' in spoken Hindi is generally manageable at B1, especially in clear, standard contexts like news broadcasts.
What to Learn Next
Prerequisites
Learn Next
Advanced
Grammar to Know
Pluralization of Nouns
Singular: अपराधी (apraadhi). Plural: अपराधियों (apraadhiyon). Example: एक अपराधी को पकड़ा गया। (One criminal was caught.) उन्होंने कई अपराधियों को पकड़ा। (They caught many criminals.)
Use of Postpositions
'अपराधी' के साथ विभिन्न पोस्टपोज़िशन का प्रयोग: अपराधी के लिए (for the criminal), अपराधी से (from the criminal), अपराधी द्वारा (by the criminal).
Adjective Agreement (if applicable)
While 'अपराधी' is a noun, if used descriptively with another noun, adjectives agree with that noun. However, when 'अपराधी' itself is described, adjectives usually take masculine singular form unless context implies otherwise. Example: 'वह एक खतरनाक अपराधी था।' (He was a dangerous criminal.)
Verb Conjugation
The verb conjugation depends on the subject and tense, not directly on 'अपराधी' itself, but on the subject performing the action or being acted upon. Example: 'अपराधी भागा।' (The criminal ran.) 'अपराधी को सजा मिली।' (The criminal received punishment.)
Distinction between 'अपराधी' and 'आरोपी'
'आरोपी' (accused) is used before conviction, while 'अपराधी' (criminal) is used after conviction or strong implication of guilt. Example: 'वह आरोपी है।' (He is accused.) 'वह अपराधी है।' (He is a criminal.)
Examples by Level
यह एक चोर है।
This is a thief.
Basic noun identification.
पुलिस आ रही है।
The police are coming.
Simple present continuous tense.
वह आदमी बुरा है।
That man is bad.
Basic adjective use.
घर में चोरी हुई।
There was a theft in the house.
Past tense verb.
उन्होंने कुछ गलत किया।
They did something wrong.
Basic past tense verb.
यह अच्छा नहीं है।
This is not good.
Negative statement.
क्या वह आदमी बुरा है?
Is that man bad?
Question formation.
मैं पुलिस को जानता हूँ।
I know the police.
Simple present tense verb.
उस आदमी ने चोरी की।
That man stole.
Simple past tense.
पुलिस उसे ढूंढ रही है।
The police are looking for him.
Present continuous tense.
वह एक बुरा व्यक्ति है।
He is a bad person.
Adjective + Noun.
उन्होंने कानून तोड़ा।
They broke the law.
Past tense verb related to rules.
क्या वह आदमी पकड़ा गया?
Was that man caught?
Past passive voice question.
वह हमेशा गलत काम करता है।
He always does wrong things.
Adverb of frequency + verb.
मुझे लगता है वह चोर है।
I think he is a thief.
Expressing opinion.
पुलिस ने उसे पकड़ा।
The police caught him.
Past tense verb with object.
पुलिस ने अपराधी को गिरफ्तार कर लिया।
The police arrested the criminal.
Subject-Object-Verb structure; past tense.
यह एक आदतन अपराधी है।
He is a habitual criminal.
Adjective modifying noun.
अदालत ने अपराधी को सजा सुनाई।
The court sentenced the criminal.
Subject-Object-Verb structure; past tense.
वह अपराधी भागने की कोशिश कर रहा था।
That criminal was trying to escape.
Past continuous tense.
समाज अपराधियों से सुरक्षित रहना चाहता है।
Society wants to be safe from criminals.
Plural noun usage.
जांचकर्ता अपराधी की तलाश कर रहे हैं।
The investigators are searching for the criminal.
Present continuous tense.
क्या वह व्यक्ति अपराधी हो सकता है?
Could that person be a criminal?
Modal verb 'can' for possibility.
मीडिया ने अपराधी की पहचान उजागर की।
The media revealed the criminal's identity.
Past tense verb.
यह अपराधी कई वर्षों से फरार था।
This criminal had been absconding for many years.
Past perfect continuous tense.
कानून व्यवस्था बनाए रखने के लिए अपराधियों को पकड़ा जाना चाहिए।
Criminals must be apprehended to maintain law and order.
Modal verb 'must' for obligation; plural noun.
उसकी पृष्ठभूमि एक अपराधी की तरह लगती है।
His background seems like that of a criminal.
Comparison using 'की तरह'.
समाज में अपराधियों के प्रति बढ़ती चिंता है।
There is growing concern in society towards criminals.
Abstract noun and prepositional phrase.
क्या अपराधी को सुधारा जा सकता है?
Can the criminal be reformed?
Passive voice question.
जांच से पता चला कि वह एक खूंखार अपराधी था।
The investigation revealed that he was a notorious criminal.
Reported speech; strong adjective.
पुलिस ने अपराधी के ठिकाने का पता लगाया।
The police located the criminal's hideout.
Possessive case; noun phrase.
उसकी हरकतें उसे एक अपराधी के रूप में चिह्नित करती हैं।
His actions mark him as a criminal.
Figurative use of 'mark'.
न्यायिक प्रणाली का उद्देश्य अपराधियों को न्याय के कटघरे में लाना है।
The judicial system aims to bring criminals to justice.
Formal vocabulary; abstract concept.
एक अपराधी का पुनर्वास एक जटिल सामाजिक और मनोवैज्ञानिक प्रक्रिया है।
The rehabilitation of a criminal is a complex social and psychological process.
Abstract nouns; complex sentence structure.
समाज अक्सर अपराधियों को पूरी तरह से बहिष्कृत कर देता है।
Society often completely ostracizes criminals.
Formal verb 'ostracize'; nuanced meaning.
किसी को अपराधी घोषित करने से पहले निष्पक्ष सुनवाई आवश्यक है।
A fair trial is essential before declaring someone a criminal.
Gerund as subject; formal vocabulary.
क्या अपराधी के कार्यों को उसकी परिस्थितियों से अलग करके देखा जा सकता है?
Can the criminal's actions be viewed separately from his circumstances?
Complex sentence with a rhetorical question.
उसकी कलाकृतियाँ अक्सर अपराधियों के मनोविज्ञान का अन्वेषण करती हैं।
His artworks often explore the psychology of criminals.
Figurative use; formal vocabulary.
समाज की प्रतिक्रिया अपराधी के प्रति हमेशा समान नहीं होती।
Society's reaction towards a criminal is not always uniform.
Abstract concepts and nuanced comparison.
कानूनी ढांचे का उद्देश्य अपराधियों को रोकना और समाज की रक्षा करना है।
The legal framework aims to deter criminals and protect society.
Formal vocabulary; infinitive clauses.
किसी व्यक्ति को अपराधी घोषित करने की प्रक्रिया में साक्ष्य की कठोर जांच शामिल होती है।
The process of declaring an individual a criminal involves rigorous examination of evidence.
Formal legal terminology; complex sentence structure.
समाजशास्त्री अपराधियों के व्यवहार पैटर्न का अध्ययन करते हैं ताकि अपराध की जड़ों को समझा जा सके।
Sociologists study the behavioral patterns of criminals to understand the roots of crime.
Specialized vocabulary; complex noun phrases.
न्याय की अवधारणा अपराधी की परिभाषा को प्रभावित करती है।
The concept of justice influences the definition of a criminal.
Abstract concepts and their interplay.
ऐतिहासिक रूप से, अपराधी की सामाजिक स्वीकृति में उतार-चढ़ाव आया है।
Historically, the social acceptance of a criminal has fluctuated.
Historical context; nuanced vocabulary.
मनोवैज्ञानिक अपराधी के मानसिक विकारों और अपराध के बीच संबंध का विश्लेषण करते हैं।
Psychologists analyze the link between criminals' mental disorders and crime.
Specialized field vocabulary; complex relationships.
साहित्य में अपराधी का चित्रण अक्सर समाज के अंधेरे पहलुओं को दर्शाता है।
The portrayal of a criminal in literature often reflects the darker aspects of society.
Literary analysis; metaphorical language.
किसी अपराधी के लिए क्षमादान की प्रक्रिया अत्यंत जटिल और सावधानीपूर्वक होती है।
The process of pardoning a criminal is extremely complex and meticulous.
Formal and precise vocabulary.
अंतर्राष्ट्रीय कानून अपराधियों के प्रत्यर्पण के लिए मानक निर्धारित करता है।
International law sets standards for the extradition of criminals.
Specialized legal terminology.
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
— To bring the criminal to justice.
पीड़ित परिवार अपराधी को न्याय दिलाना चाहता है।
Often Confused With
This is the most common confusion. 'आरोपी' means 'accused' – someone charged with a crime but not yet convicted. 'अपराधी' means 'criminal' – someone proven guilty.
Very similar to 'अपराधी', meaning 'guilty person' or 'convict'. Often used interchangeably after conviction, but 'अपराधी' might focus more on the act of committing the crime, while 'दोषी' emphasizes the state of being found guilty.
'बदमाश' is more informal and can refer to a rogue or scoundrel, someone who misbehaves. It doesn't necessarily imply a serious crime like 'अपराधी'.
Idioms & Expressions
— To bring someone to justice; to make someone face legal consequences.
सरकार ने वादा किया कि वह हर अपराधी को कानून के कटघरे में खड़ा करेगी।
Formal— To do something wrong or illegal; to get involved in criminal activities.
उसने पैसे के लिए अपने हाथ गंदे किए और एक अपराधी बन गया।
Informal/Figurative— A guilty person revealing themselves through their nervousness or suspicious behavior.
जब उससे सवाल पूछे गए, तो वह घबरा गया, जैसे चोर की दाढ़ी में तिनका हो।
Idiomatic/Proverbial— To act blindly or without proper information; to make a wild guess.
बिना सबूत के किसी को अपराधी कहना अंधेरे में लाठी मारने जैसा है।
Idiomatic/Proverbial— To be ungrateful or disloyal; to betray someone who has helped you. While not directly about being a criminal, it describes a morally corrupt act.
उसने अपने मालिक के साथ नमक हराम किया और एक अपराधी बन गया।
Idiomatic/Moral— To deceive someone; to cheat or trick.
उस चालाक अपराधी ने पुलिस की आँखों में धूल झोंक दी।
Idiomatic— To feel relieved after a difficult situation is over. Often used when criminals are apprehended.
अपराधी के पकड़े जाने के बाद, शहर ने चैन की साँस ली।
Idiomatic— The law will eventually catch up with you, no matter how long you hide.
वह सोचता था कि बच निकलेगा, लेकिन कानून के हाथ लंबे होते हैं, और अब वह पकड़ा गया है।
Proverbial— To set a trap; to plan to catch someone.
पुलिस ने उस खतरनाक अपराधी को पकड़ने के लिए एक जाल बिछाया।
Figurative— To face the truth.
आखिरकार, उस अपराधी को अपने किए हुए कर्मों की सच्चाई का सामना करना पड़ा।
FigurativeEasily Confused
Both relate to legal proceedings and wrongdoing.
'आरोपी' is someone formally charged with a crime, but their guilt is not yet established. 'अपराधी' is someone who has been convicted or is definitively known to have committed a crime. Using 'आरोपी' is crucial before a conviction to respect the principle of 'innocent until proven guilty'.
पुलिस ने संदिग्ध को पकड़ा, वह अभी आरोपी है। (The police caught the suspect; he is still accused.) vs. अदालत ने उसे अपराधी घोषित कर दिया। (The court declared him a criminal.)
Both refer to someone who has done wrong.
'दोषी' specifically means 'guilty' or 'convict', emphasizing the state of being found at fault. 'अपराधी' refers to the person who commits the crime, often implying the act itself and their role as a lawbreaker. While often interchangeable after conviction, 'अपराधी' can sometimes carry a broader sense of someone who habitually breaks laws.
उसे हत्या का दोषी पाया गया। (He was found guilty of murder.) vs. वह एक खतरनाक अपराधी था। (He was a dangerous criminal.)
Both refer to people who do bad things.
'बदमाश' is a more informal and often milder term for a rogue, scoundrel, or troublemaker. It doesn't necessarily imply a serious legal offense. 'अपराधी' is a formal term for a criminal who has committed a crime and is subject to legal consequences.
वह लड़का थोड़ा बदमाश है, शरारतें करता है। (That boy is a bit of a rogue, he plays pranks.) vs. पुलिस ने बड़े अपराधी को पकड़ा। (The police caught the big criminal.)
Both are negative terms for people involved in illegal activities.
'गुंडा' refers to a thug, goon, or gangster, often associated with violence, intimidation, or organized crime. It's a more specific type of criminal. 'अपराधी' is a general term for anyone who commits a crime, regardless of the type or affiliation.
वह गुंडा लोगों को धमकाता था। (That thug used to threaten people.) vs. वह एक सामान्य अपराधी था जिसने चोरी की। (He was a common criminal who committed theft.)
One is a term for a law-abiding person, the other for a law-breaker.
'नागरिक' means 'citizen', implying someone who is part of society and abides by its laws. 'अपराधी' is the opposite – someone who violates those laws. The contrast highlights the fundamental difference between being a member of society and being an outcast due to criminal acts.
हर नागरिक को कानून का पालन करना चाहिए। (Every citizen must follow the law.) vs. अपराधी कानून तोड़ते हैं। (Criminals break the law.)
Sentence Patterns
Subject + ने + Object ('अपराधी') + Verb (Past Tense)
पुलिस ने अपराधी को पकड़ा।
Subject + (Adjective) + 'अपराधी' + Verb
वह एक आदतन अपराधी है।
Subject + 'अपराधी' + Verb (Past Continuous)
अपराधी भागने की कोशिश कर रहा था।
Noun Phrase (including 'अपराधी') + Verb
अपराधियों का पकड़ा जाना कानून व्यवस्था के लिए महत्वपूर्ण है।
Subject + 'अपराधी' + Adverbial Phrase
यह अपराधी कई सालों से फरार था।
Complex sentence with subordinate clauses involving 'अपराधी'
यह माना जाता है कि जिस व्यक्ति को दोषी ठहराया जाता है, वही अपराधी कहलाता है।
Passive voice construction with 'अपराधी'
अपराधी को अदालत में पेश किया गया।
Figurative or nuanced use of 'अपराधी'
समाज के कुछ लोग खुद को बाहरी दुनिया का अपराधी मानते हैं।
Word Family
Nouns
Verbs
Adjectives
Related
How to Use It
High in contexts related to crime and law.
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Using 'अपराधी' for someone who is only accused.
→
Using 'आरोपी' (aaropi) for someone who is accused but not yet convicted.
This is the most critical distinction. 'आरोपी' respects the legal principle of innocence until proven guilty. 'अपराधी' implies guilt or conviction.
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Using 'अपराधी' in very informal or casual settings.
→
Using milder terms like 'बदमाश' (badmash - rogue) or describing the action itself in informal contexts.
'अपराधी' is a strong, formal term. Using it casually can sound overly harsh, accusatory, or even inappropriate, unless used ironically or in specific slang.
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Confusing the plural form.
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The plural form is 'अपराधियों' (apraadhiyon).
Forgetting to change the noun to its plural form when referring to multiple criminals can lead to grammatical errors. For example, saying 'एक अपराधी' (one criminal) when referring to many.
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Mispronouncing the 'ध' sound.
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Pronouncing the 'ध' (dh) as a retroflex sound, with the tongue curled back.
English speakers often substitute a simple 'd' or 'th' sound, which changes the word's pronunciation significantly and can lead to misinterpretation.
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Using 'अपराधी' when referring to a victim of crime.
→
Using appropriate terms for the victim or describing their situation.
This is a fundamental misunderstanding of the word's meaning. 'अपराधी' refers to the perpetrator of a crime, not the person who suffers from it.
Tips
Distinguish 'अपराधी' from 'आरोपी'
Remember that 'आरोपी' (aaropi) means 'accused' and is used before a conviction. 'अपराधी' (apraadhi) means 'criminal' and is used after a conviction or when guilt is established. Using the wrong term can lead to legal and social misunderstandings.
Use with Caution
'अपराधी' is a strong word with significant negative connotations. Use it in formal or neutral contexts when referring to convicted criminals. Avoid using it casually or to label someone without due process.
Learn Related Terms
To fully understand and use 'अपराधी' effectively, learn related words like 'अपराध' (crime), 'दोषी' (guilty), 'सजा' (punishment), 'न्याय' (justice), and 'पुलिस' (police).
Practice Pronunciation
Practice the pronunciation of 'अपराधी', paying attention to the retroflex 'ध' sound and the long 'आ' vowel. Correct pronunciation will make you sound more natural and understandable.
Use Mnemonics
Create memory aids. For instance, associate 'अपराधी' with 'a-praadh-i' (not right) to remember that they do wrong things. Visualizing a criminal behind bars can also help.
Understand Cultural Nuances
Recognize that the perception and treatment of criminals can vary across cultures. In India, concepts of karma and justice influence societal views, and the stigma associated with being an 'अपराधी' can be profound.
Compare with Synonyms
Compare 'अपराधी' with similar words like 'आरोपी', 'दोषी', 'बदमाश', and 'गुंडा'. Understanding their subtle differences will enhance your vocabulary precision.
Practice Writing Sentences
Write sentences using 'अपराधी' in different contexts. Try describing a criminal's actions, their capture, or the legal process. This active recall will solidify your understanding.
Listen to Native Speakers
Listen to Hindi news, podcasts, or movies that discuss crime. Pay attention to how native speakers use 'अपराधी' and its related terms in natural conversation.
Memorize It
Mnemonic
Imagine a person who is 'a-pra-dhi' (a-pra-dhi). If they are 'a-pra-dhi', they are not right, they have done something wrong, making them a criminal.
Visual Association
Picture a person behind bars in a prison cell, with the word 'अपराधी' written on the bars. The bars represent the confinement that a criminal faces.
Word Web
Challenge
Try to use 'अपराधी' in at least three different sentences describing fictional crime scenarios. For example, 'The detective chased the fleeing अपराधी.' or 'The news reported the capture of a dangerous अपराधी.'
Word Origin
The word 'अपराधी' is derived from the Sanskrit word 'अपराध' (aparādha), which means 'offense', 'fault', or 'crime'. The suffix '-ई' (-ī) is added to denote the doer or the person associated with the action.
Original meaning: The root 'अपराध' signifies something that is not proper or right, a transgression against established order or morality.
Indo-Aryan (Sanskrit)Cultural Context
The word 'अपराधी' is a strong term and should be used with care. Labeling someone as an 'अपराधी' can have serious social and personal consequences. It's important to distinguish between someone accused and someone convicted. Avoid using it casually or to demonize individuals without due process.
In English-speaking cultures, the term 'criminal' carries similar weight, often associated with the justice system, law enforcement, and the consequences of breaking the law. The concepts of guilt, innocence, and punishment are universal, though specific legal frameworks differ.
Practice in Real Life
Real-World Contexts
News reporting on crime.
- अपराधी को पकड़ा गया।
- फरार अपराधी की तलाश।
- कुख्यात अपराधी गिरफ्तार।
Court proceedings.
- अपराधी को सजा सुनाई गई।
- अपराधी ने अपना जुर्म कबूल किया।
- उसे अपराधी घोषित किया गया।
Discussions about law and order.
- समाज में अपराधियों की संख्या बढ़ रही है।
- अपराधियों पर सख्त कार्रवाई होनी चाहिए।
- अपराधी को न्याय के कटघरे में लाओ।
Fictional stories and movies.
- वह फिल्म का मुख्य अपराधी था।
- उस अपराधी ने एक बड़ी चोरी की।
- अपराधी भागने में सफल रहा।
Talking about societal problems.
- युवा अपराधी एक गंभीर समस्या है।
- अपराधियों का पुनर्वास कैसे करें?
- अपराधी मानसिकता को समझना।
Conversation Starters
"आज के अखबार में आपने किसी अपराधी के बारे में पढ़ा?"
"क्या आपको लगता है कि अपराधियों को कड़ी सजा मिलनी चाहिए?"
"अपराधियों को सुधारने के लिए क्या किया जा सकता है?"
"आपकी नजर में, किसी को अपराधी कब कहा जा सकता है?"
"क्या आपने कभी किसी फिल्म में कोई ऐसा अपराधी देखा है जिसने आपको प्रभावित किया हो?"
Journal Prompts
आज मैंने 'अपराधी' शब्द के बारे में सीखा। यह शब्द मेरे लिए क्या मायने रखता है?
अपने समाज में अपराध और अपराधियों के बारे में अपने विचार लिखें।
क्या आप किसी ऐसे व्यक्ति के बारे में सोच सकते हैं जिसे 'अपराधी' कहा गया हो? क्या यह उपाधि उचित थी?
अगर आप एक कानून निर्माता होते, तो अपराधियों के लिए क्या नियम बनाते?
अपराध की दुनिया में फंसे किसी व्यक्ति के दृष्टिकोण से एक छोटी कहानी लिखें।
Frequently Asked Questions
10 questionsThe main difference lies in their legal status. 'आरोपी' (aaropi) means 'accused'. This term is used for someone who has been formally charged with a crime but has not yet been found guilty by a court. 'अपराधी' (apraadhi) means 'criminal'. This term is used for someone who has been convicted of a crime or is widely recognized as having committed one. It's crucial to use 'आरोपी' until a conviction is secured to uphold the principle of innocent until proven guilty.
Technically, yes. 'अपराधी' refers to anyone who has committed a crime, regardless of its severity. However, in common usage and formal contexts, it's often associated with more serious offenses. For minor offenses, terms like 'बदमाश' (rogue) or simply describing the action might be used informally. Formally, if a minor offense leads to a conviction, the person is technically an 'अपराधी'.
As a noun, 'अपराधी' itself is grammatically masculine singular. However, it refers to a person, and the context will determine if it's a male or female criminal. When referring to multiple criminals, the plural form is 'अपराधियों' (apraadhiyon). Adjectives used with 'अपराधी' will generally follow masculine singular agreement unless context strongly suggests otherwise.
In everyday, casual conversation, 'अपराधी' might not be used as frequently as in news or legal contexts. People might opt for milder terms or describe the specific actions. However, it's a well-understood word and certainly appears when discussing crime, justice, or referring to known criminals.
Common adjectives used with 'अपराधी' include: खूंखार (khoonkhaar - notorious/savage), आदतन (aadatan - habitual), फरार (faraar - absconding/fugitive), कुख्यात (kukhyat - infamous), खतरनाक (khatarnaak - dangerous), युवा (yuva - young), संगठित (sangathit - organized), and कथित (kathit - alleged, though this is more for 'आरोपी').
Yes, the term 'अपराधी' carries a significant social stigma. Being labeled an 'अपराधी' implies a transgression against societal norms and laws, and can lead to social exclusion and difficulty in reintegration into society, even after serving a sentence.
The plural form of 'अपराधी' is 'अपराधियों' (apraadhiyon). For example: 'पुलिस ने कई अपराधियों को पकड़ा।' (The police caught many criminals.)
Yes, 'अपराधी' can be used metaphorically to describe someone who has committed a moral or social 'crime' or transgression, even if it's not a legal offense. For example, someone might metaphorically call a person who betrays trust an 'emotional अपराधी' (emotional criminal).
The word for 'crime' in Hindi is 'अपराध' (apraadh).
The related verb is 'अपराध करना' (apraadh karna), which means 'to commit a crime'.
Test Yourself 97 questions
Who is an 'अपराधी'?
Which word means 'criminal'?
The police caught the ______. (पुलिस ने ______ को पकड़ा।)
He is a habitual ______. (वह एक आदतन ______ है।)
Which word refers to someone accused of a crime, not yet convicted?
The court sentenced the ______. (अदालत ने ______ को सजा सुनाई।)
The judicial system aims to bring ______ to justice. (न्याय प्रणाली का उद्देश्य ______ को न्याय के कटघरे में लाना है।)
Rehabilitation of a ______ is complex. (एक ______ का पुनर्वास जटिल है।)
Sociologists study the behavior patterns of ______. (मनोवैज्ञानिक ______ के व्यवहार पैटर्न का अध्ययन करते हैं।)
International law sets standards for the extradition of ______. (अंतर्राष्ट्रीय कानून ______ के प्रत्यर्पण के लिए मानक निर्धारित करता है।)
Write one sentence about a criminal being caught by the police.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Write two sentences describing a habitual criminal.
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Write a sentence using the plural form 'अपराधियों'.
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Write a short paragraph (3-4 sentences) about the challenges of rehabilitating criminals.
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Explain the difference between 'आरोपी' and 'अपराधी' in two sentences.
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Write a paragraph discussing the societal impact of crime and criminals.
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Use 'अपराधी' in a sentence that reflects a formal or legal context.
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Write a short narrative (4-5 sentences) about a criminal's attempt to escape and eventual capture.
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Discuss the ethical considerations in dealing with criminals, using the word 'अपराधी'.
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Use the word 'अपराधी' in a sentence about a court sentencing someone.
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/ 97 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
An 'अपराधी' is specifically a person who has been found guilty of committing a crime, making it a term used in legal and formal contexts to denote a convicted wrongdoer.
- An 'अपराधी' is a person who has committed a crime.
- 'अपराधी' refers to a convicted lawbreaker.
- This word is used in legal and news contexts for criminals.
- Distinguish from 'आरोपी' (accused).
Distinguish 'अपराधी' from 'आरोपी'
Remember that 'आरोपी' (aaropi) means 'accused' and is used before a conviction. 'अपराधी' (apraadhi) means 'criminal' and is used after a conviction or when guilt is established. Using the wrong term can lead to legal and social misunderstandings.
Use with Caution
'अपराधी' is a strong word with significant negative connotations. Use it in formal or neutral contexts when referring to convicted criminals. Avoid using it casually or to label someone without due process.
Learn Related Terms
To fully understand and use 'अपराधी' effectively, learn related words like 'अपराध' (crime), 'दोषी' (guilty), 'सजा' (punishment), 'न्याय' (justice), and 'पुलिस' (police).
Context is Key
Pay attention to the context in which 'अपराधी' is used. News reports, legal discussions, and fictional crime stories are common places to encounter this word. Understanding the context will help you grasp its precise meaning.
Example
पुलिस ने अपराधी को पकड़ लिया।
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अहिंसा
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अमीर
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बेईमान
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बालिका
A2Girl.
