Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
Croatian nouns have three genders (masculine, feminine, neuter) which determine how you describe them.
- Masculine nouns usually end in a consonant: 'stol' (table).
- Feminine nouns usually end in -a: 'žena' (woman).
- Neuter nouns usually end in -o or -e: 'dijete' (child).
Noun Gender Identification
| Gender | Ending | Example | Translation |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Masculine
|
Consonant
|
stol
|
table
|
|
Feminine
|
-a
|
kuća
|
house
|
|
Neuter
|
-o
|
selo
|
village
|
|
Neuter
|
-e
|
dijete
|
child
|
Meanings
Common nouns identify general people, places, or things. In Croatian, they are categorized by grammatical gender.
Basic Identification
Naming objects or people in the immediate environment.
“Ovo je pas.”
“Ovo je kuća.”
Reference Table
| Form | Structure | Example |
|---|---|---|
|
Affirmative
|
Ovo je [noun]
|
Ovo je stol.
|
|
Negative
|
Ovo nije [noun]
|
Ovo nije stol.
|
|
Question
|
Je li ovo [noun]?
|
Je li ovo stol?
|
|
Answer (Yes)
|
Da, ovo je [noun].
|
Da, ovo je stol.
|
|
Answer (No)
|
Ne, ovo nije [noun].
|
Ne, ovo nije stol.
|
격식 수준 스펙트럼
Ovo je stol. (General identification)
Ovo je stol. (General identification)
Ovo je stol. (General identification)
Ovo je stol. (General identification)
Noun Gender Sorting
Masculine
- • stol
- • grad
- • pas
Feminine
- • kuća
- • škola
- • žena
Neuter
- • dijete
- • selo
- • more
수준별 예문
Ovo je stol.
This is a table.
Ovo je kuća.
This is a house.
Ovo je more.
This is the sea.
Ovo je pas.
This is a dog.
Moj stol je velik.
My table is big.
Moja kuća je lijepa.
My house is beautiful.
To je moje selo.
That is my village.
On je dobar čovjek.
He is a good man.
Kupio sam novi stol za blagovaonicu.
I bought a new table for the dining room.
Naša škola organizira izlet.
Our school is organizing a trip.
More je danas jako mirno.
The sea is very calm today.
Moj prijatelj radi u gradu.
My friend works in the city.
Arhitektura ove kuće je fascinantna.
The architecture of this house is fascinating.
Grad Zagreb ima bogatu povijest.
The city of Zagreb has a rich history.
Dijete se igra u parku.
The child is playing in the park.
Ova odluka je bila teška.
This decision was difficult.
Njegova interpretacija zakona je bila pogrešna.
His interpretation of the law was wrong.
Selo je zadržalo svoj izvorni karakter.
The village has kept its original character.
More simbolizira slobodu u ovoj pjesmi.
The sea symbolizes freedom in this poem.
Čovjek je društveno biće.
Man is a social being.
Evolucija jezika odražava promjene u društvu.
The evolution of language reflects changes in society.
Njegova vizija budućnosti je vizionarska.
His vision of the future is visionary.
Kuća od karata se srušila.
The house of cards collapsed.
Gradovi su centri civilizacije.
Cities are centers of civilization.
혼동하기 쉬운
Learners mix up endings.
Learners mix up -o and consonants.
Learners think 'tata' is feminine because of -a.
자주 하는 실수
stol-a
stol
kuć
kuća
dijet
dijete
žena (as masculine)
žena (feminine)
moj kuća
moja kuća
moja stol
moj stol
moj selo
moje selo
karta (as masculine)
karta (feminine)
more (as masculine)
more (neuter)
grad (as feminine)
grad (masculine)
vođa (as feminine)
vođa (masculine)
sudac (as feminine)
sudac (masculine)
dijete (as feminine)
dijete (neuter)
문장 패턴
Ovo je ___.
Ovo nije ___.
Je li ovo ___?
Moj ___ je velik.
Real World Usage
Ovo je super!
Moja nova kuća.
Moj posao je važan.
Gdje je vlak?
Ovo je kava.
Jedna kava, molim.
Check the ending
Don't trust English
Label your room
Gender matters
Smart Tips
Always learn the noun with its gender.
Pause to think about the gender.
Look for the ending.
Check your adjectives.
발음
Consonant endings
Pronounce the final consonant clearly.
Statement
Ovo je stol. ↘
Falling intonation for statements.
암기하기
기억법
Consonants are Men, -a is for a lady, -o/-e is for the baby.
시각적 연상
Imagine a strong man holding a table (stol), a lady standing by a house (kuća), and a baby playing in a village (selo).
Rhyme
Consonant is a man, -a is a lady's plan, -o/-e is the baby's span.
Story
A man (masculine) sits at a table (stol). He looks at his wife (žena, feminine) who is standing by the house (kuća). They watch their child (dijete, neuter) playing in the village (selo).
Word Web
챌린지
Label 5 items in your room using the gender rules within 5 minutes.
문화 노트
Gender is very important in daily life; people will notice if you get it wrong.
Similar gender rules apply.
Identical gender rules apply.
Slavic roots.
대화 시작하기
Što je ovo?
Je li ovo stol?
Što vidiš u gradu?
Kako se zove tvoja kuća?
일기 주제
자주 하는 실수
Test Yourself
Find and fix the mistake:
Match each item on the left with its pair on the right:
Score: /8
연습 문제
8 exercisesFind and fix the mistake:
Score: /8
자주 묻는 질문 (8)
It's a grammatical feature of Slavic languages that helps with sentence structure.
Look at the last letter: consonant=M, -a=F, -o/-e=N.
Yes, but focus on the rules first.
Yes, it affects adjective agreement.
Similar, but with a neuter gender.
Label objects in your house.
They can be tricky, check the dictionary.
Yes, every sentence uses nouns.
Scaffolded Practice
1
2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
El/La
Croatian has a neuter gender.
Le/La
Croatian has a neuter gender.
Der/Die/Das
Croatian endings are more predictable.
None
Croatian requires gender agreement.
Al-
Croatian has a neuter gender.
None
Croatian requires gender agreement.
