A metal coin used for small daily transactions.
Word in 30 Seconds
- A flat, round metal piece used as currency.
- Commonly called 'kozeni' in daily Japanese.
- Used for small payments and vending machines.
概要:硬貨(こうか)は、金属で作られたお金の総称です。日本では1円、5円、10円、50円、100円、500円の6種類が流通しています。紙幣(お札)に対して、硬貨は「小銭(こぜに)」とも呼ばれます。
- 1使用パターン:硬貨は主に少額の支払いに使われます。自動販売機やコインロッカー、駅の券売機など、機械を通した支払いには欠かせない存在です。また、神社のお賽銭や募金など、少額を寄付する際にもよく利用されます。
- 1一般的な文脈:日常会話では「小銭」という言葉がよく使われます。「小銭があるか確認する」「小銭を募金箱に入れる」といった表現が一般的です。一方、「硬貨」という言葉は、ニュースや銀行、経済的な文脈など、少し硬い表現が必要な場面で使われます。
- 1類語との比較:「貨幣(かへい)」は、硬貨と紙幣を含めたお金の総称です。「硬貨」は金属製のものに限定されます。また、「コイン」という外来語も日常的に使われますが、これは「硬貨」とほぼ同義です。ただし、日本の硬貨を指す場合は「硬貨」や「小銭」と言うほうが自然な響きがあります。
Examples
自動販売機に硬貨を入れる。
everydayI put a coin into the vending machine.
この硬貨は記念硬貨です。
formalThis coin is a commemorative coin.
小銭がなくて困っている。
informalI'm in trouble because I don't have any loose change.
硬貨の製造には高い技術が必要である。
academicHigh technology is required for the production of coins.
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
100円硬貨
100 yen coin
硬貨を貯める
to save coins
硬貨が詰まる
coins get stuck
Often Confused With
Shuhei refers to paper money, whereas Kouka refers to metal coins. They are opposites in terms of material.
Kozeni is a colloquial term for loose change or small coins. Kouka is the formal name for the object itself.
Grammar Patterns
How to Use It
Usage Notes
Use 'kouka' in formal settings or when referring to the object type. Use 'kozeni' in casual conversation when talking about money in your wallet. 'Coin' is also widely understood in Japan.
Common Mistakes
Don't use 'kouka' to refer to paper money. Also, avoid using it to mean 'money' in a general sense; use 'okane' for that.
Tips
Use Kozeni for casual daily conversations
While 'kouka' is correct, people usually say 'kozeni' when talking about loose change in their pockets. It sounds more natural in daily life.
Do not confuse with paper money
Remember that 'kouka' is strictly metal. Use 'satsu' or 'oshihei' for paper money.
Coins have historical significance in shrines
In Japan, people often offer coins at shrines. Five-yen coins are considered lucky because the pronunciation 'go-en' sounds like 'good relationship'.
Word Origin
The word is composed of 'Kou' (hard/metal) and 'Ka' (currency/money). It describes the physical property of the object.
Cultural Context
Coins in Japan are highly standardized. The 5-yen coin is unique because it has a hole in the center, which is a common feature in Japanese currency history.
Memory Tip
Think of 'Kou' (hard) + 'Ka' (money). Hard money equals coins!
Frequently Asked Questions
4 questions硬貨は金属製で、主に少額の支払いに使われます。一方、紙幣は紙で作られており、主に高額の支払いに使われるという違いがあります。
「小銭」は日常会話で、財布の中の細かいお金を指す際に使います。対して「硬貨」は、種類を説明したり、少し改まった説明をする際に使います。
1円、5円、10円、50円、100円、500円の6種類があります。それぞれ素材やデザインが異なります。
コンビニやスーパーでの支払い、自動販売機、バスの運賃、公共料金の支払いなどに使えます。
Test Yourself
財布の中に___がたくさんあって重いです。
財布が重くなるのは、金属製の硬貨であるためです。
「硬貨」の説明として正しいものはどれですか?
硬貨は金属製の貨幣を指します。
(自動販売機で / 硬貨を / 使います / 私は)
主語、目的語、場所、動詞の順序が自然です。
Score: /3
Summary
A metal coin used for small daily transactions.
- A flat, round metal piece used as currency.
- Commonly called 'kozeni' in daily Japanese.
- Used for small payments and vending machines.
Use Kozeni for casual daily conversations
While 'kouka' is correct, people usually say 'kozeni' when talking about loose change in their pockets. It sounds more natural in daily life.
Do not confuse with paper money
Remember that 'kouka' is strictly metal. Use 'satsu' or 'oshihei' for paper money.
Coins have historical significance in shrines
In Japan, people often offer coins at shrines. Five-yen coins are considered lucky because the pronunciation 'go-en' sounds like 'good relationship'.
Examples
4 of 4自動販売機に硬貨を入れる。
I put a coin into the vending machine.
この硬貨は記念硬貨です。
This coin is a commemorative coin.
小銭がなくて困っている。
I'm in trouble because I don't have any loose change.
硬貨の製造には高い技術が必要である。
High technology is required for the production of coins.
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