Jitaku is a neutral and versatile term for one's own home.
Word in 30 Seconds
- Refers to one's own residence.
- Used in both formal and informal contexts.
- Commonly used in professional settings.
概要
「自宅」は自分が住んでいる家を指す客観的かつ丁寧な表現です。「家」という言葉よりも少し改まった響きがあり、公的な書類やビジネスの場、また日常会話でも広く使われます。2) 使用パターン: 主に「自宅にいる」「自宅で仕事をする」「自宅から通う」といった形で使われます。場所を示す助詞「で」や「に」と組み合わせて移動や滞在を表すのが一般的です。3) 一般的な文脈: テレワークが普及した現代では「自宅勤務(在宅勤務)」という言葉が非常によく使われます。また、来客に対して自分の家を指す際にも「自宅へどうぞ」のように使われます。4) 類語との比較: 「家(うち)」はより親しい間柄で使われる口語的な表現です。「マイホーム」は自分の所有物であるというニュアンスが強く、不動産や生活の夢を語る際によく使われます。「自宅」はこれらに比べてニュートラルで、どのような場面でも失礼にならずに使える便利な言葉です。
Examples
今日は自宅でゆっくり過ごします。
everydayI will spend time relaxing at home today.
自宅の住所をご記入ください。
formalPlease fill in your home address.
自宅に忘れ物をしちゃった。
informalI left something at home.
自宅学習の重要性が高まっている。
academicThe importance of home-based learning is increasing.
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
自宅待機
staying at home (e.g., due to illness or emergency)
自宅療養
recuperating at home
自宅勤務
working from home
Often Confused With
Uchi is informal and often implies family, while Ie refers to the physical building. Jitaku is a neutral, formal term for one's residence.
Zaitaku focuses on the state of being at home. Jitaku refers to the location itself.
Grammar Patterns
How to Use It
Usage Notes
Jitaku is a formal noun used to refer to one's own residence. It is safer to use in professional or unfamiliar settings compared to 'uchi'. Avoid using it when speaking about someone else's home, as that would be rude; use 'otaku' instead.
Common Mistakes
Beginners often use 'jitaku' when referring to others' homes, which is incorrect. It should only refer to your own home. Also, remember it is a noun, so do not try to conjugate it like a verb.
Tips
Use Jitaku for formal situations
When speaking to colleagues or clients, use 'jitaku' instead of 'uchi' to sound more professional and polite.
Avoid using in humble speech
Do not say 'jitaku' when referring to your home in very humble contexts; use 'takutaku' or 'heitaku' instead.
The rise of remote work
The term 'jitaku-kinmu' has become a standard business term in Japan due to the increase in teleworking.
Word Origin
The word combines 'ji' (self) and 'taku' (house/residence). It has been used historically to distinguish one's private residence from official or public buildings.
Cultural Context
The concept of 'jitaku' is central to the Japanese work-life balance discussion. In recent years, 'jitaku-kinmu' has redefined how Japanese people view their homes not just as living spaces, but as workspaces.
Memory Tip
Think of 'ji' (self) and 'taku' (house). It literally means 'self-house'.
Frequently Asked Questions
4 questions「家」は家族との会話など親しい間柄で使われることが多いです。「自宅」はより客観的で丁寧な表現なので、会社や初対面の人との会話に適しています。
いいえ、「自宅」は名詞ですので動詞としては使えません。「自宅する」という表現も存在しません。
「在宅」は「家にいること」という状態を指す言葉です。「自宅」は「場所」そのものを指します。
いいえ、むしろ「お宅」や「家」と言うよりも「自宅」の方が丁寧でビジネスシーンに適しています。
Test Yourself
今日は体調が悪いので、___で仕事をします。
文脈的に、仕事をする場所として適切なのは「自宅」です。
「自宅」の使い方として正しいのはどれですか?
「帰る」という動詞と「自宅」は自然に結びつきます。
(から / 通っています / 自宅 / 会社へ)
「場所から場所へ」という移動の順序が正しいためです。
Score: /3
Summary
Jitaku is a neutral and versatile term for one's own home.
- Refers to one's own residence.
- Used in both formal and informal contexts.
- Commonly used in professional settings.
Use Jitaku for formal situations
When speaking to colleagues or clients, use 'jitaku' instead of 'uchi' to sound more professional and polite.
Avoid using in humble speech
Do not say 'jitaku' when referring to your home in very humble contexts; use 'takutaku' or 'heitaku' instead.
The rise of remote work
The term 'jitaku-kinmu' has become a standard business term in Japan due to the increase in teleworking.
Examples
4 of 4今日は自宅でゆっくり過ごします。
I will spend time relaxing at home today.
自宅の住所をご記入ください。
Please fill in your home address.
自宅に忘れ物をしちゃった。
I left something at home.
自宅学習の重要性が高まっている。
The importance of home-based learning is increasing.
Related Content
This Word in Other Languages
Related Vocabulary
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上に
B1Above; on top of.
不在
B1Absent; not present. Not in a particular place.
手頃な
B1Affordable, reasonable (price).
お先に
B1Excuse me for going first; said when leaving before others.
仲介
B1Mediation, agency (e.g., real estate).
あっ
B1Ah!; an exclamation of sudden realization or surprise.
エアコン
A2air conditioner
冷暖房
B1Air conditioning and heating system.
風通しの良い
B1Well-ventilated; airy.
~可
A2Suffix meaning "permitted" or "allowed".