午前中
When you want to say "in the morning" in Japanese, you can use 午前中 (gozenchuu). This word is a combination of 午前 (gozen), which means "morning," and 中 (chuu), which indicates "during" or "in the middle of."
So, 午前中 literally means "during the morning." You can use it to talk about something that happens or will happen at any point between sunrise and noon. It's a very common and useful word to know when you're planning activities or talking about your schedule in Japanese.
When you want to say "in the morning" in Japanese, you can use 午前中 (gozenchuu). This word is a noun and refers to the period from midnight until noon. You'll often hear it in daily conversations when people are talking about plans or events happening before midday.
For example, if you have an appointment before noon, you might say it's 午前中. It's a straightforward and very useful word to know.
When talking about time in Japanese, 午前中 (gozenchuu) is a useful word. It refers specifically to the morning, generally from midnight until noon. You'll often hear it in daily conversation when people are scheduling plans or discussing when something happened. For example, if someone says 「午前中に買い物をします。」 (Gozenchuu ni kaimono o shimasu.), they mean they will do their shopping in the morning. It's a straightforward way to specify the morning period.
§ What does 午前中 mean?
The Japanese word 午前中 (gozenchuu) is a noun that means 'in the morning' or 'during the morning'. It specifically refers to the period of time from midnight (0:00) until noon (12:00). However, in everyday conversation, it's generally understood to mean the usual waking hours of the morning, roughly from when you wake up until lunch time. It's a very common and practical word to know when you're talking about schedules, plans, or when something happened.
- Japanese Word
- 午前中 (ごぜんちゅう - gozenchuu)
- Meaning
- In the morning; during the morning
- Word Type
- Noun
- CEFR Level
- B1
§ How to use 午前中
午前中 is often used in sentences to specify a time frame. You can use it with verbs to indicate when an action will take place or when something happened. It usually comes before the verb or at the beginning of a clause. It doesn't need any particles like に (ni) after it when it functions as an adverbial phrase, directly modifying the verb or sentence. Think of it like saying 'this morning' or 'tomorrow morning' in English, where you don't necessarily need a preposition.
午前中にスーパーに行きます。
Hint: I will go to the supermarket in the morning.
荷物は午前中に届きます。
Hint: The package will arrive during the morning.
§ Common phrases and situations
You'll hear 午前中 a lot in daily life. Here are some common situations:
- Talking about appointments or meetings: 「ミーティングは午前中です。」(The meeting is in the morning.)
- Scheduling deliveries: 「午前中着でお願いします。」(Please deliver it for morning arrival.)
- Describing when you did something: 「午前中に掃除をしました。」(I cleaned in the morning.)
Contrast this with 午後 (gogo), which means 'afternoon' or 'PM'. You'll notice the 午 (go) character in both, which means 'noon'.
- Related Word
- 午後 (ごご - gogo): afternoon; PM
会議は午後から始まります。
Hint: The meeting starts from the afternoon.
Remember, mastering these time-related words will make your Japanese sound much more natural and help you communicate effectively in everyday situations.
Fun Fact
The character '午' (uma) originally referred to the seventh of the twelve earthly branches, which corresponded to the hours around noon. '午前' (gozen) thus means 'before noon'.
Examples by Level
午前中に宿題をします。
I do homework in the morning.
午前中に買い物に行きます。
I go shopping in the morning.
午前中に友達に会います。
I meet a friend in the morning.
午前中にコーヒーを飲みます。
I drink coffee in the morning.
午前中にEメールを書きます。
I write emails in the morning.
午前中に公園を散歩します。
I walk in the park in the morning.
午前中に本を読みます。
I read a book in the morning.
午前中に日本語を勉強します。
I study Japanese in the morning.
Idioms & Expressions
"午前の早い時間 (gozen no hayai jikan)"
early in the morning
午前の早い時間にジョギングをします。 (I jog early in the morning.)
neutral"午前中いっぱい (gozenchuu ippai)"
all morning, throughout the morning
午前中いっぱい会議がありました。 (I had a meeting all morning.)
neutral"午前中に済ませる (gozenchuu ni sumaseru)"
to finish in the morning
宿題を午前中に済ませます。 (I will finish my homework in the morning.)
neutral"午前中の用事 (gozenchuu no youji)"
morning errands/tasks
午前中の用事を済ませてから出かけます。 (I'll go out after finishing my morning errands.)
neutral"午前様 (gozen sama)"
returning home in the morning (after being out all night)
彼は昨晩、午前様だった。 (He came home in the morning last night.)
informal"午前中の授業 (gozenchuu no jugyou)"
morning classes
午前中の授業は眠い。 (Morning classes make me sleepy.)
neutral"午前中は比較的空いている (gozenchuu wa hikakuteki aiteiru)"
it's relatively empty/not busy in the morning
この店は午前中は比較的空いています。 (This shop is relatively empty in the morning.)
neutral"午前中の光 (gozenchuu no hikari)"
morning light
午前中の光は気持ちがいい。 (The morning light feels good.)
neutral"午前休 (gozenkyuu)"
half-day leave (in the morning)
今日は午前休を取りました。 (I took a half-day leave this morning.)
neutral"午前中から飲む (gozenchuu kara nomu)"
to drink from the morning
彼は休日には午前中から飲む。 (He drinks from the morning on his days off.)
informalWord Origin
From '午前' (gozen) meaning 'morning' and '中' (chuu) meaning 'during' or 'in the middle of'.
Original meaning: The original meaning combines the concept of the morning period with being 'within' or 'during' that time.
Sino-Japanese (kango)Cultural Context
In Japan, specifying times of day like '午前中' is very common and important for scheduling. It broadly refers to the time from sunrise until noon. It's often used when arranging meetings, appointments, or deliveries, providing a clear window without needing a specific hour. When someone says '午前中にお伺いします' (gozenchuu ni oukagai shimasu), they mean they will visit sometime before noon, but not necessarily exactly at 9 AM or 10 AM. It implies flexibility within that morning period.
Frequently Asked Questions
10 questionsTo say 'in the morning' in Japanese, you use 午前中 (gozenchuu).
Yes, 午前中 (gozenchuu) covers the entire morning period, usually from around sunrise until noon. It's quite versatile.
That's a good question! 午前 (gozen) means 'morning' as a general period (like 'A.M.'), while 午前中 (gozenchuu) specifically means 'during the morning' or 'in the morning.' The '中' adds the meaning of 'during' or 'within'.
You can use it like this: 午前中、仕事をします。 (Gozenchuu, shigoto o shimasu.) This means 'I will work in the morning.'
Absolutely. For example, 午前中、ずっと雨が降っていました。 (Gozenchuu, zutto ame ga futte imashita.) This means 'It was raining all morning.'
While 午前中 (gozenchuu) is general, you can add words for more specificity. For early morning, you might hear 朝早く (asa hayaku). For late morning, you could say 午前中の終わり (gozenchuu no owari), but it's less common than just using 午前中 up to noon.
It's a neutral word, neither particularly formal nor informal. You can use 午前中 in most daily conversations and written contexts.
Yes, a common one is 午前中までに (gozenchuu made ni), which means 'by the morning' or 'by noon.' For example, 午前中までに終わらせます。 (Gozenchuu made ni owarasemasu.) 'I will finish it by the morning.'
In hiragana, 午前中 is written as ごぜんちゅう (gozenchuu). However, it's almost always written with kanji.
The opposite of 午前中 (gozenchuu), which is 'in the morning,' would be 午後 (gogo) for 'afternoon' or 午後中 (gogochuu) for 'during the afternoon.' You also have 夜 (yoru) for 'night' and 夕方 (yuugata) for 'evening.'
Test Yourself 84 questions
Choose the correct meaning for 午前中:
午前中 (gozenchuu) specifically means 'in the morning'.
Which sentence correctly uses 午前中?
午前中 (gozenchuu) means 'in the morning', so 'I eat bread in the morning' is the correct usage.
What time of day does 午前中 refer to?
午前中 (gozenchuu) refers to the time before noon, or the morning.
午前中 means 'in the morning'.
This statement is true. 午前中 (gozenchuu) translates to 'in the morning'.
You would use 午前中 to talk about something happening at night.
This statement is false. 午前中 (gozenchuu) is used for events in the morning, not at night.
If someone says '午前中に会いましょう', they mean 'Let's meet in the afternoon'.
This statement is false. '午前中に会いましょう' means 'Let's meet in the morning'.
What time of day is mentioned for shopping?
When was he watching TV?
When is the hospital visit?
Read this aloud:
午前中に何をしますか?
Focus: Go-zen-chuu ni Na-ni wo shi-masu ka?
You said:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
私は午前中に勉強します。
Focus: Wa-ta-shi wa Go-zen-chuu ni Ben-kyou shi-masu.
You said:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
午前中に友達と会います。
Focus: Go-zen-chuu ni To-mo-da-chi to A-i-masu.
You said:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
私は___、パンを食べます。(I eat bread in the morning.)
午前中 (gozenchuu) means 'in the morning'.
A: いつテニスをしますか? B: ___. (A: When will you play tennis? B: In the morning.)
午前中 (gozenchuu) is used to specify 'in the morning'.
彼はいつも___、コーヒーを飲みます。(He always drinks coffee in the morning.)
午前中 (gozenchuu) refers to the morning period.
___に会議があります。(There is a meeting in the morning.)
午前中 (gozenchuu) is the correct term for 'in the morning'.
私は___、散歩に行きます。(I go for a walk in the morning.)
午前中 (gozenchuu) indicates the morning time.
図書館は___に開きます。(The library opens in the morning.)
午前中 (gozenchuu) means 'in the morning'.
You want to invite a friend to have coffee tomorrow morning. Write a simple Japanese sentence inviting them. Use 午前中.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
明日午前中、コーヒーを飲みませんか?
Describe what you usually do in the morning on a weekday. Use 午前中 and write one simple Japanese sentence.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
平日、午前中はいつも仕事をします。
You have a meeting scheduled for tomorrow morning. Inform someone about it in a simple Japanese sentence.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
明日午前中、会議があります。
田中さんは明日、何時に病院に行きますか?
Read this passage:
田中さんは明日、午前中に病院に行きます。その後、図書館で本を借ります。午後からは友達と映画を見ます。
田中さんは明日、何時に病院に行きますか?
文章に「田中さんは明日、午前中に病院に行きます」と書かれています。
文章に「田中さんは明日、午前中に病院に行きます」と書かれています。
この人は午前中に何をしますか?
Read this passage:
私は毎日、午前中に日本語を勉強します。午後は公園で散歩します。夜は家族とご飯を食べます。
この人は午前中に何をしますか?
文章に「私は毎日、午前中に日本語を勉強します」と書かれています。
文章に「私は毎日、午前中に日本語を勉強します」と書かれています。
週末の午前中にこの人は何をしますか?
Read this passage:
週末の午前中は、よくカフェで本を読みます。午後は家でゆっくり過ごします。夜は友達と食事に行きます。
週末の午前中にこの人は何をしますか?
文章に「週末の午前中は、よくカフェで本を読みます」と書かれています。
文章に「週末の午前中は、よくカフェで本を読みます」と書かれています。
Choose the correct translation for "午前中".
午前中 (gozenchuu) specifically refers to the morning period.
Which sentence correctly uses 午前中?
午前中 (gozenchuu) is used to specify an action happening during the morning.
If someone says 「午前中に会議があります。」, what do they mean?
午前中 (gozenchuu) translates to 'in the morning', so the sentence means 'There is a meeting in the morning'.
午前中 refers to the time after noon.
午前中 (gozenchuu) refers to the time before noon, or in the morning.
You can use 午前中 to describe an activity that happened before 12 PM.
午前中 (gozenchuu) specifically means 'in the morning', which is before 12 PM.
「私は午前中に図書館に行きました。」 means "I went to the library in the afternoon."
「私は午前中に図書館に行きました。」 (Watashi wa gozenchuu ni toshokan ni ikimashita.) means "I went to the library in the morning."
You have a meeting with a client. Write a short email (2-3 sentences) to confirm the meeting time, specifying that it will be in the morning.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
〇〇様 いつもお世話になっております。 明日の会議は午前中ですね。よろしくお願いいたします。 [Client Name], Thank you for your continued support. Tomorrow's meeting is in the morning, correct? I look forward to it.
You are making plans with a friend. Write a short message (2-3 sentences) suggesting you meet in the morning for coffee.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
ねえ、明日の午前中、コーヒーを飲みに行かない? どこかいいカフェあるかな? Hey, wanna go for coffee tomorrow morning? Do you know any good cafes?
Describe your typical morning routine in 2-3 sentences, using '午前中'.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
普段、私は午前中に起きて、朝食を食べます。 そして、メールをチェックしてから仕事を始めます。 Normally, I wake up in the morning and eat breakfast. Then, I check my emails before starting work.
田中さんはいつスーパーへ行きますか?
Read this passage:
田中さんは、毎日午前中にスーパーへ行きます。新鮮な野菜や果物を買うのが好きです。午後からは家でゆっくり過ごします。
田中さんはいつスーパーへ行きますか?
文章の冒頭に「田中さんは、毎日午前中にスーパーへ行きます。」とあります。
文章の冒頭に「田中さんは、毎日午前中にスーパーへ行きます。」とあります。
イベントはいつ開催されますか?
Read this passage:
来週の土曜日の午前中に、公園でイベントがあります。家族みんなで楽しめる内容です。雨の場合は中止になります。
イベントはいつ開催されますか?
文章の最初に「来週の土曜日の午前中に、公園でイベントがあります。」と明記されています。
文章の最初に「来週の土曜日の午前中に、公園でイベントがあります。」と明記されています。
筆者はいつジョギングをしますか?
Read this passage:
私はいつも午前中にジョギングをします。新鮮な空気の中で運動すると、気分がとても良いです。午後は仕事をします。
筆者はいつジョギングをしますか?
「私はいつも午前中にジョギングをします。」という文が答えを示しています。
「私はいつも午前中にジョギングをします。」という文が答えを示しています。
This sentence means 'There is a meeting in the morning.' 午前中に (gozenchuu ni) means 'in the morning', 会議が (kaigi ga) means 'a meeting', and あります (arimasu) means 'there is/are'.
This sentence means 'I am always busy in the morning.' 午前中は (gozenchuu wa) means 'as for the morning', いつも (itsumo) means 'always', and 忙しいです (isogashii desu) means 'is busy'.
This sentence means 'He comes in the morning.' 彼は (kare wa) means 'he', 午前中に (gozenchuu ni) means 'in the morning', and 来ます (kimasu) means 'comes'.
There's a meeting in the morning.
I'll call you in the morning.
The morning work is finished.
Read this aloud:
午前中に銀行に行きます。
Focus: ごぜんちゅうに
You said:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
午前中にお客様がいらっしゃいます。
Focus: いらっしゃいます
You said:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
午前中はいつも忙しいです。
Focus: いそがしいです
You said:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Choose the most appropriate word to complete the sentence: 彼女は毎日、___図書館で勉強します。
The sentence indicates studying daily at the library, and '午前中' (in the morning) is the most suitable time for consistent study.
Which sentence correctly uses '午前中'?
All sentences correctly use '午前中' to refer to the morning period.
Which of the following describes an activity that typically happens '午前中'?
Eating breakfast is a common morning activity. The other options describe activities happening later in the day or at night.
「午前中」は、午後や夜を含む一日全体を指します。
「午前中」specifically refers to the morning period, not the entire day including afternoon and night.
「午前中」は、具体的な時刻を指定せず、漠然とした午前中の期間を指すことができます。
「午前中」often refers to the general morning period without specifying an exact time, similar to 'in the morning' in English.
友人と「午前中に会おう」と約束した場合、通常、午後3時に会うことを意味します。
「午前中に会おう」means to meet in the morning. 3 PM is in the afternoon, so this statement is false.
What is scheduled for the morning? What should participants do?
What was the speaker doing yesterday morning, and what was the result?
What appointment did the speaker miss, and what are they asking about?
Read this aloud:
午前中のうちに、その書類を提出してください。
Focus: ごぜんちゅうの うちに
You said:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
今日の午前中は比較的涼しいので、散歩にちょうどいいかもしれませんね。
Focus: きょうのごぜんちゅうは ひかくてきすずしいので
You said:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
申し訳ありませんが、午前中は別の予定が入っております。
Focus: もうしわけありませんが ごぜんちゅうは べつのよてい
You said:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
You are planning to meet a Japanese friend. Write a short email (2-3 sentences) suggesting you meet sometime in the morning this week. Make sure to include a polite greeting and closing. Use "午前中".
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
こんにちは、[友達の名前]さん。 今週の午前中にどこかで会いませんか。お返事お待ちしています。 よろしくお願いいたします、[あなたの名前]
Describe a typical morning routine using at least three activities. Ensure you mention "午前中" and use appropriate verb conjugations.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
私の典型的な午前中は、まず午前7時に起きて、朝食を食べます。その後、午前8時半から仕事を始めます。午前中はずっと集中して働きます。
Imagine you missed an important meeting. Write an apology email to your boss (2-3 sentences) explaining that you had an unexpected commitment in the morning. Use "午前中" politely.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
〇〇部長。 本日、午前中に急用が入り、会議に参加できず、大変申し訳ございませんでした。次回の会議には必ず出席いたします。 [あなたの名前]
田中さんは何のために午前中を忙しく過ごしましたか?
Read this passage:
ある朝、田中さんは午前中に大事なプレゼンテーションがあった。彼は前日から準備を重ね、完璧な資料を作成した。しかし、当日朝、電車が遅延し、彼はぎりぎり間に合った。プレゼンテーションは成功し、彼は安堵した。
田中さんは何のために午前中を忙しく過ごしましたか?
文章中に「午前中に大事なプレゼンテーションがあった」とあります。
文章中に「午前中に大事なプレゼンテーションがあった」とあります。
佐藤さんが午前中にジョギングをする主な理由は何ですか?
Read this passage:
佐藤さんは健康のために毎日、午前中に公園でジョギングをするのが習慣だ。たとえ雨が降っていても、傘をさしてでも必ず走る。そのおかげで、彼はいつも元気に一日を始めることができる。
佐藤さんが午前中にジョギングをする主な理由は何ですか?
文章の冒頭に「佐藤さんは健康のために毎日、午前中に公園でジョギングをするのが習慣だ」とあります。
文章の冒頭に「佐藤さんは健康のために毎日、午前中に公園でジョギングをするのが習慣だ」とあります。
この文章から、今日の午前中に行われたこととして正しいものはどれですか?
Read this passage:
今日の午前中、会社で緊急の会議が開かれた。社長から新しいプロジェクトについての発表があり、参加者は皆、真剣な表情で耳を傾けていた。午後からは各部署での詳細な打ち合わせが予定されている。
この文章から、今日の午前中に行われたこととして正しいものはどれですか?
「今日の午前中、会社で緊急の会議が開かれた。社長から新しいプロジェクトについての発表があり」と書かれています。
「今日の午前中、会社で緊急の会議が開かれた。社長から新しいプロジェクトについての発表があり」と書かれています。
This sentence means 'The meeting will be held in the morning.'
This sentence means 'He was reading a book all morning.'
This sentence means 'I have to go to the bank in the morning.'
今日の___に、重要な会議が予定されています。ご準備はよろしいでしょうか。
文脈から、会議が『今日の午前中』に予定されているのが最も自然です。
彼はいつも___から熱心に研究に没頭し、夜遅くまで実験室にこもっている。
『午前中から』研究に没頭するという表現が適切で、彼の習慣を示しています。
お忙しいところ恐縮ですが、___のうちに一度お立ち寄りいただけますでしょうか。
丁寧な依頼で、『午前中のうちに』訪問を促すのが自然な流れです。
あのカフェは___は比較的空いているので、集中して作業したいときに利用している。
カフェが『午前中は比較的空いている』という状況が、作業に適していることを示しています。
気象予報によると、___には天候が回復し、晴れ間が広がる見込みです。
天候が『午前中には回復する』という予報が、文脈に合致します。
この書類は___中に提出する必要がありますので、お早めにご確認ください。
書類の提出期限が『午前中』であることを示し、迅速な対応を促しています。
The speaker is talking about plans for the morning.
Listen for her morning routine.
The speaker is apologizing about morning reservations.
Read this aloud:
午前中にすべての用事を済ませてしまいたいです。
Focus: ごぜんちゅう (gozenchuu)
You said:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
明日の午前中、少しお時間をいただけますでしょうか。
Focus: おじかん (ojikan)
You said:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
午前中は比較的涼しいので、散歩には最適です。
Focus: ひかくてき (hikakuteki)
You said:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
/ 84 correct
Perfect score!
Example
午前中に会議があります。
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This Word in Other Languages
More daily_life words
もう少し
B1A little more.
じゅうしょ
A2The particulars of the place where someone lives.
住所
A2address, residence
~後
A2after
目覚まし
B1Alarm clock. A clock that makes a noise to wake someone up.
目覚まし時計
B1An alarm clock.
ひとりで
A2Alone.
~のに
B1Even though; despite (particle/conjunction).
ごぜん
A2Morning (a.m.).
煩い
B1Noisy; annoying.