This page in your language
فارسی العربية Deutsch Español Français 日本語 한국어 Português 中文 हिन्दी
A1 noun #2,504 most common 7 min read

観察

kansatsu
Practice it Examples Notes & Tips 観察 in 30 Seconds
Explanation 観察 in your Level:
At the A1 level, you can think of '観察 (kansatsu)' as a special way of 'looking.' While you usually learn 'miru' (to see) first, 'kansatsu' is used when you are looking at something like a plant in school or an animal at the zoo to learn about it. Imagine you are a small scientist. You are not just looking; you are looking very carefully. In Japan, children often do 'kansatsu' for their summer homework. They might watch a sunflower grow and draw pictures of it. This is 'kansatsu.' It is a noun, but if you add 'suru,' it becomes a verb. You can say 'Hana o kansatsu suru' (I observe the flower). It is a very useful word for talking about hobbies like bird watching or looking at bugs. Even at A1, knowing this word helps you describe activities that are more than just 'seeing.' It shows you are paying attention to details.
At the A2 level, '観察 (kansatsu)' becomes useful for describing routines and simple interests. You might use it to talk about 'ningen kansatsu' (people watching) as a hobby. When you sit at a station and watch people go by, you are doing 'kansatsu.' In A2 grammar, you can use it in sentences like 'Kansatsu suru no ga suki desu' (I like observing). You also start to see it in medical contexts, like 'keika kansatsu' (watching how a cold gets better). This level requires you to distinguish between 'seeing' and 'observing.' If you are looking for a specific change, use 'kansatsu.' For example, if you are watching a cake in the oven to see if it rises, that is a form of 'kansatsu.' It is also common in simple science texts. Learning this word helps you move from basic descriptions to more specific, action-oriented descriptions of your surroundings.
Sign up free to read full explanation
At the B1 level, '観察 (kansatsu)' is essential for academic and professional communication. You should be able to use it to describe processes in detail. For instance, in a business meeting, you might say 'shijou no kansatsu' (observation of the market). This implies a systematic analysis rather than just a casual glance. You will also encounter the word in more complex sentence structures, such as 'Kansatsu shita kekka...' (As a result of observing...). This level also introduces the difference between 'kansatsu' and 'kansoku' (observation of natural phenomena like weather). You should understand that 'kansatsu' is more about the act of watching and analyzing behavior or physical states, whereas 'kansoku' often involves measurement. Using 'kansatsu' correctly in B1 shows that you can handle objective, descriptive Japanese suitable for reports or formal discussions.
Sign up free to read full explanation
At the B2 level, you should master the nuances of '観察 (kansatsu)' in various fields. This includes understanding its role in the 'Kansatsu -> Kousatsu' (Observation -> Consideration) cycle used in academic papers and professional reports. You should be able to use it to discuss social issues, such as 'shakai kansatsu' (social observation). At this level, you might also use the word metaphorically, like 'naimenteki na kansatsu' (internal observation/introspection), though 'naiseki' is more common for that. You should also be aware of the word's presence in literature and high-level journalism, where it describes a keen, piercing look into human nature or political situations. Your ability to use 'kansatsu' with appropriate collocations like 'eiri na' (sharp) or 'chuibukai' (careful) will demonstrate a high level of linguistic competence.
Sign up free to read full explanation
At the C1 level, '観察 (kansatsu)' is used with precision in specialized discourses. You will encounter it in psychological studies, sociological research, and advanced scientific literature. You should understand the philosophical implications of observation—how the act of 'kansatsu' can change the subject being observed (the observer effect). You will also see it in complex compound words and formal expressions like 'kansatsu-gan' (an observant eye). A person with a 'kansatsu-gan ga aru' is someone who is very perceptive and notices things others miss. At this level, you are expected to use 'kansatsu' to analyze abstract concepts, such as the 'kansatsu' of linguistic shifts in a society. You should be able to debate the objectivity of 'kansatsu' and use it fluently in any formal or academic setting, maintaining the correct register and tone.
Sign up free to read full explanation
At the C2 level, '観察 (kansatsu)' is a tool for sophisticated intellectual inquiry. You can use it to discuss the nuances of phenomenology, the history of scientific observation, or the intricacies of literary realism where 'kansatsu' is the foundation of the narrative. You should be comfortable using the word in highly formal, archaic, or specialized contexts, such as legal 'kansatsu' or high-level diplomatic 'observation' of treaties. You can articulate the subtle differences between 'kansatsu' and other high-level terms like 'shisatsu' (inspection tour) or 'kenchi' (standpoint/viewpoint). At this level, your use of 'kansatsu' is not just about the word itself, but about the depth of the analysis it represents. You can use it to critique the methodology of a study or to describe the profound, silent observation of a Zen master. Your command of the word is indistinguishable from that of a highly educated native speaker.
Sign up free to read full explanation
Practice it Examples Notes & Tips

観察 in 30 Seconds

  • Kansatsu means 'observation' and is used for systematic watching.
  • It is a Suru-verb (観察する) and a noun.
  • Common in science, medicine, and people-watching hobbies.
  • Implies an objective and analytical mindset compared to just 'seeing'.

The Japanese word 観察 (かんさつ - kansatsu) is a sophisticated yet fundamental term that translates to 'observation.' At its core, it represents the act of watching something or someone with a specific purpose, often to gather data, understand a mechanism, or discern a pattern. Unlike the simple act of seeing (見る - miru), 観察 implies a level of intellectual engagement and systematic attention. It is the bridge between mere perception and actual understanding. In a scientific context, it is the first step of the scientific method. In a social context, it refers to the keen ability to read a room or understand a person's character through their actions. The first kanji, 観 (kan), means to view, look at, or outlook. It is the same kanji found in 'kankou' (sightseeing). The second kanji, 察 (satsu), means to guess, presume, or inspect. Together, they form a word that means 'to look and inspect' or 'to view and understand.'

Objective Focus
Observation is usually objective, focusing on facts rather than feelings.
Duration
It often implies a sustained period of watching rather than a glance.
Scientific Nuance
Highly associated with biology, astronomy, and sociology.

植物の成長を毎日観察しています。 (I am observing the growth of the plant every day.)

To truly understand 観察, one must look at how it differs from similar verbs. While miru is just 'to see,' and mitsumeru is 'to stare,' kansatsu is 'to analyze through sight.' It is the difference between looking at a bird and being a birdwatcher. When you perform 観察, you are looking for specific details: How does the subject move? What changes over time? What are the external influences? This word is used heavily in education, particularly in 'Rika' (Science) classes where students keep 'kansatsu nikki' (observation diaries) for morning glories or silkworms. This cultural practice embeds the concept of 観察 into the Japanese psyche from a very young age, linking it to patience and attention to detail.

彼は人間観察が趣味です。 (His hobby is people-watching/observing human behavior.)

Visual Inspection
Checking for physical changes or anomalies.
Behavioral Analysis
Watching how subjects interact in an environment.

In modern usage, 観察 extends to digital and abstract realms. Data scientists perform 観察 on datasets to find anomalies. Economists perform 観察 on market fluctuations. It is a versatile tool in the Japanese vocabulary that elevates the act of 'looking' to a professional and intellectual level. It requires the observer to be somewhat detached, acting as a witness to the phenomenon occurring before them. This detachment is key to the 'satsu' part of the word—the inspection and judgment phase.

顕微鏡で細胞を観察する。 (Observe cells under a microscope.)

Using 観察 (kansatsu) correctly requires understanding its grammatical flexibility. Primarily, it functions as a Suru-verb (観察する), meaning 'to observe.' It can also stand alone as a noun. When using it as a verb, it typically takes the particle を (o) to indicate the object of observation. For example, 'Hoshi o kansatsu suru' (Observe the stars). It is important to note that 観察 is formal. In casual conversation, people might use 'miru,' but 観察 is the standard for reports, news, and professional settings.

Grammar Pattern 1
[Object] + を + 観察する (To observe [Object])
Grammar Pattern 2
[Noun] + の + 観察 (Observation of [Noun])

野鳥の観察には忍耐が必要です。 (Observation of wild birds requires patience.)

In academic writing, you will often see it paired with specific methods. For instance, 'teiten kansatsu' (fixed-point observation) refers to observing the same spot over a long period. 'Teisei kansatsu' (qualitative observation) and 'teiryou kansatsu' (quantitative observation) are terms used in research. When you are describing a process you've watched, you might say 'kansatsu kiroku' (observation record). The word carries a nuance of 'recording' even if you aren't literally writing it down; it implies that the information is being stored for later use.

Another common use is 'ningen kansatsu' (people watching). This is a popular hobby in Japan, where one sits in a cafe and observes the behavior, fashion, and interactions of passersby. It is often used humorously or to show that one is interested in psychology. In a medical context, 'keika kansatsu' (follow-up observation) is a critical term used when a doctor wants to see how a condition develops before deciding on a treatment. This shows the word's importance in high-stakes environments.

手術後の経過を観察します。 (We will observe the progress after the surgery.)

You will encounter 観察 (kansatsu) in various professional and educational settings. In schools, it is a staple of the science curriculum. Teachers will say, 'Kansatsu shite, noto ni kaite kudasai' (Please observe and write in your notebook). On the news, reporters use it when discussing weather patterns, animal migrations, or economic trends. For example, 'Kishouchou wa kumo no ugoki o kansatsu shite imasu' (The Meteorological Agency is observing the movement of clouds).

In Hospitals
Doctors and nurses use it for patient monitoring.
In Labs
Researchers use it for experiments.
In Nature
Park rangers and enthusiasts use it for wildlife.

気象台が台風の進路を観察している。 (The observatory is observing the path of the typhoon.)

In the business world, 観察 is used in marketing and user experience (UX) research. Companies conduct 'shijou kansatsu' (market observation) or 'yuza kansatsu' (user observation) to see how people actually use their products. This is often contrasted with surveys; while surveys tell you what people *say* they do, 観察 tells you what they *actually* do. This distinction is vital in Japanese business culture, which values 'genchi genbutsu' (actual place, actual thing).

市場の動向を注意深く観察する必要があります。 (It is necessary to carefully observe market trends.)

The most common mistake learners make with 観察 (kansatsu) is overusing it in casual contexts where 'miru' (to see) or 'nagameru' (to gaze) would be more appropriate. 観察 is a heavy, purposeful word. If you say you 'kansatsu' a beautiful sunset, it sounds like you are analyzing the atmospheric refraction of light rather than enjoying the view. For emotional or aesthetic appreciation, use 'nagameru' or 'miru.'

Mistake 1: Entertainment
Using 観察 for movies or TV. Correct: 観る (miru) or 視聴する (shichou).
Mistake 2: Casual Looking
Using 観察 for looking at a friend's new shoes. Correct: 見る (miru).

❌ 映画を観察しました。 (I observed the movie - sounds like a scientific study.)

✅ 映画を観ました。 (I watched the movie.)

Another error is confusing 観察 with 監視 (kanshi). While both involve watching, 監視 means 'surveillance' or 'monitoring' with a nuance of suspicion or control (like a security camera or a prison guard). If you say you are 'kanshi' a plant, it sounds like you are making sure the plant doesn't commit a crime. Conversely, if you say you are 'kansatsu' a prisoner, it sounds like you are studying their biology rather than guarding them.

❌ 泥棒を観察する。 (Observe the thief - sounds like you're taking notes on his technique.)

✅ 泥棒を監視する。 (Monitor/Watch the thief.)

Understanding the synonyms of 観察 (kansatsu) helps clarify its boundaries. The most closely related words are 観測 (kansoku), 監視 (kanshi), and 調査 (chousa). While they all involve looking or investigating, their applications differ significantly based on the target and the goal of the action.

観測 (Kansoku)
Used for natural phenomena or measurements (e.g., weather, stars). It often involves instruments.
監視 (Kanshi)
Surveillance. Watching to prevent trouble or ensure rules are followed.
調査 (Chousa)
Investigation or survey. This is broader and includes interviews and database searches.

天体を観測する。 (Observe/Measure celestial bodies.)

Another interesting comparison is with 考察 (kousatsu). While 観察 is the act of looking, 考察 is the act of 'considering' or 'thinking deeply' about the results of that observation. In a lab report, you first have the 'Kansatsu' section (what you saw) followed by the 'Kousatsu' section (what it means). You cannot have a good kousatsu without a thorough kansatsu. Additionally, 拝見 (haiken) is the humble version of 'to see,' used when looking at something belonging to a superior. It has no scientific nuance.

資料を考察する。 (Consider/Analyze the data.)

How Formal Is It?

Difficulty Rating

Grammar to Know

〜を〜にする (Making something into...)

〜ている (State/Continuous action)

〜によって (By means of...)

〜結果 (As a result of...)

〜ながら (While doing...)

Sign up free to read full explanation

Examples by Level

1

毎日、花を観察します。

Every day, I observe the flowers.

Verb: 観察します (Kansatsu-shimasu)

2

猫の動きを観察するのは楽しいです。

Observing the cat's movements is fun.

Noun + の + 観察

3

これは観察日記です。

This is an observation diary.

Compound Noun: 観察日記

4

鳥を観察しましょう。

Let's observe the birds.

Volitional: 観察しましょう

5

よく観察してください。

Please observe carefully.

Request: 〜てください

6

虫を観察するのが好きです。

I like observing insects.

Gerund: 観察するのが

7

何を観察していますか？

What are you observing?

Present Continuous: していますか

8

公園で人間を観察しました。

I observed people at the park.

Past Tense: しました

1

彼は人間観察が趣味です。

His hobby is people-watching.

Noun: 人間観察

2

実験の結果を観察しましょう。

Let's observe the results of the experiment.

Object: 実験の結果

3

星を観察するために山へ行きました。

I went to the mountains to observe the stars.

Purpose: 〜ために

4

病気の経過を観察する必要があります。

It is necessary to observe the progress of the illness.

Necessity: 必要があります

5

子供たちはアリの巣を観察している。

The children are observing an ant nest.

Plain form: している

6

注意深く観察すると、違いがわかります。

If you observe carefully, you can see the difference.

Conditional: 〜と

7

彼は私の行動を観察していた。

He was observing my actions.

Past Continuous: していた

8

顕微鏡を使って、細胞を観察します。

Using a microscope, we observe cells.

Instrument: 〜を使って

1

市場の動向を注意深く観察する。

Carefully observe market trends.

Formal usage

2

観察したことをメモに残してください。

Please leave a memo of what you observed.

Relative clause: 観察したこと

3

その現象は、長期間の観察によって明らかになった。

That phenomenon was clarified through long-term observation.

Means: 〜によって

4

客観的な観察が求められている。

Objective observation is required.

Passive: 求められている

5

彼は鋭い観察眼を持っている。

He has a sharp eye for observation.

Idiomatic: 観察眼

6

野生動物を観察する際は、静かにしてください。

When observing wild animals, please be quiet.

Time: 〜際は

7

彼女は周囲の反応を冷静に観察した。

She calmly observed the reactions of those around her.

Adverbial: 冷静に

8

定点観察を行うことで、変化を記録する。

By performing fixed-point observation, we record changes.

Formal: 行うことで

1

臨床観察の結果、新薬の効果が確認された。

As a result of clinical observation, the effect of the new drug was confirmed.

Technical term: 臨床観察

2

社会の変化を多角的に観察する必要がある。

It is necessary to observe social changes from multiple perspectives.

Adverbial: 多角的に

3

彼の小説は、緻密な人間観察に基づいている。

His novels are based on detailed observation of human nature.

Basis: 〜に基づいている

4

天体観察の愛好家たちが集まった。

Astronomy enthusiasts gathered.

Compound: 天体観察

5

観察対象に影響を与えないように注意する。

Be careful not to influence the subject of observation.

Purpose: 〜ないように

6

データに基づいた客観的な観察が不可欠だ。

Objective observation based on data is indispensable.

Adjective: 不可欠だ

7

自己観察を通じて、自分の弱点を知る。

Through self-observation, one learns their own weaknesses.

Through: 〜を通じて

8

この地域では、珍しい鳥が観察される。

Rare birds are observed in this area.

Passive: 観察される

1

参与観察の手法を用いて、部族の文化を研究する。

Use the method of participant observation to study tribal culture.

Academic: 参与観察

2

観察者の主観が結果に介入する可能性がある。

There is a possibility that the observer's subjectivity intervenes in the results.

Possibility: 可能性がある

3

微細な変化も見逃さない鋭い観察力が求められる。

Sharp observational skills that don't miss even minute changes are required.

Skill: 観察力

4

経済指標の推移を継続的に観察し続ける。

Continue to continuously observe the transition of economic indicators.

Continuation: 〜し続ける

5

その研究は、徹底したフィールドワークと観察に基づいている。

The research is based on thorough fieldwork and observation.

Compound: フィールドワークと観察

6

心理学における行動観察の重要性を説く。

Explain the importance of behavioral observation in psychology.

Formal: 〜を説く

7

彼は、社会の深層を観察する冷徹な目を持っている。

He has a cold, clear eye for observing the deeper layers of society.

Metaphorical: 冷徹な目

8

観察データは、厳密な統計処理に付される。

Observation data is subjected to rigorous statistical processing.

Formal: 〜に付される

1

量子力学において、観察という行為自体が対象の状態を決定する。

In quantum mechanics, the act of observation itself determines the state of the subject.

Philosophical/Scientific

2

その作家の文体は、冷徹なまでの観察眼に裏打ちされている。

The author's style is backed by an almost chillingly sharp eye for observation.

Literary: 〜に裏打ちされている

3

事象の表層に惑わされず、本質を観察することが肝要である。

It is essential to observe the essence without being misled by the surface of events.

Formal: 〜が肝要である

4

彼は、自己と他者の境界を曖昧にするような没入的観察を試みた。

He attempted an immersive observation that blurred the boundaries between self and other.

Abstract: 没入的観察

5

観察記録の膨大さは、彼の執念の証左である。

The vastness of the observation records is evidence of his tenacity.

Formal: 〜の証左である

6

歴史的変遷をマクロな視点から観察する。

Observe historical transitions from a macro perspective.

Academic: マクロな視点

7

その現象の特異性は、綿密な観察によって初めて浮き彫りになった。

The peculiarity of the phenomenon was only highlighted through meticulous observation.

Idiomatic: 浮き彫りになった

8

観察者は、対象との心理的距離を適切に保たねばならない。

The observer must maintain an appropriate psychological distance from the subject.

Obligation: 〜ねばならない

Synonyms

注視 監視 観測 見学 考察

Antonyms

無視 見過ごす

Common Collocations

注意深く観察する (observe carefully)
経過を観察する (observe progress)
じっくり観察する (observe thoroughly)
客観的に観察する (observe objectively)
毎日観察する (observe daily)
変化を観察する (observe changes)
行動を観察する (observe behavior)
顕微鏡で観察する (observe with a microscope)
市場を観察する (observe the market)
人間を観察する (observe humans)

Common Phrases

観察日記 (observation diary)
人間観察 (people watching)
経過観察 (follow-up observation)
定点観察 (fixed-point observation)
観察眼 (observant eye)
観察力 (observational skills)
野鳥観察 (bird watching)
天体観察 (astronomical observation)
臨床観察 (clinical observation)
参与観察 (participant observation)

Often Confused With

観察 vs 観測 (kansoku)

Kansoku is for measurement of natural phenomena (weather, stars).

観察 vs 監視 (kanshi)

Kanshi is for surveillance or guarding against trouble.

観察 vs 鑑賞 (kanshou)

Kanshou is for appreciating art or music.

Idioms & Expressions

"観察眼が鋭い (to have a sharp eye for observation)"
"観察に値する (worthy of observation)"
"観察の域を出ない (to not go beyond mere observation)"
"一見に値する観察 (an observation worth a look)"
"観察を怠る (to neglect observation)"
"観察を深める (to deepen one's observation)"
"観察を重ねる (to repeat observations)"
"観察に徹する (to devote oneself to observation)"
"観察のメスを入れる (to apply the scalpel of observation - analyze deeply)"
"観察の対象となる (to become the subject of observation)"

Easily Confused

観察 vs

観察 vs

観察 vs

観察 vs

観察 vs

Sentence Patterns

Sign up free to see all examples

How to Use It

scope

Broad: from bugs to markets.

nuance

Implies recording or analyzing data.

formality

High. Not used for casual 'looking'.

Common Mistakes
  • Using it for entertainment (watching TV).
  • Confusing it with 'kanshi' (surveillance).
  • Forgetting the 'suru' in verb form.
  • Using it for a quick glance (use 'chotto miru' instead).
  • Using it for emotional appreciation (use 'nagameru').

Tips

Diary

Start a 'kansatsu nikki' for your Japanese studies to track progress.

Cafe

Try 'ningen kansatsu' at a cafe to practice describing people in Japanese.

Reports

Always use 'kansatsu' in the results section of a lab report.

Verb form

Remember that 'kansatsu' is a suru-verb.

Objectivity

Use it when you want to sound objective and unbiased.

Kanji

Focus on the 'Satsu' (inspect) to remember the analytical nature.

News

Listen for this word during weather or nature segments on NHK.

Precision

Use it to show you are paying attention to details in a conversation.

Kanji practice

The kanji for 'kan' is complex; practice the stroke order carefully.

Medical

Use 'keika kansatsu' when talking to doctors about symptoms.

Memorize It

Word Origin

Sino-Japanese word combining the concepts of 'viewing' and 'inspecting' to form the modern meaning of scientific or systematic observation.

Cultural Context

Ningen Kansatsu (people watching) is a recognized and common hobby.

Genchi Genbutsu (go and see for yourself) relies heavily on kansatsu.

Summer homework staple: Morning glory observation.

Practice in Real Life

Real-World Contexts

Conversation Starters

"最近、何か面白いものを観察しましたか？ (Have you observed anything interesting lately?)"

"人間観察は好きですか？ (Do you like people watching?)"

"子供の頃、何の観察日記を書きましたか？ (What kind of observation diary did you write as a child?)"

"この実験、どうやって観察すればいいですか？ (How should I observe this experiment?)"

"野鳥観察に行ったことがありますか？ (Have you ever gone bird watching?)"

Journal Prompts

今日、街で見かけた面白い人を観察して書いてください。 (Observe and write about an interesting person you saw in town today.)

自分のペット（または植物）の1日の動きを観察しましょう。 (Observe your pet's or plant's movements for one day.)

1週間、天気の変化を観察して記録してください。 (Observe and record weather changes for a week.)

自分が最近学んだ新しい言葉の使われ方を観察してみましょう。 (Observe how a new word you learned recently is being used.)

職場の同僚の働き方を観察して、学べることを探してください。 (Observe how your colleagues work and find things you can learn.)

Frequently Asked Questions

10 questions

No, 'kansatsu' is for scientific or analytical watching. For movies, use 'miru' or 'kanshou'.

Yes, it is very common in schools, news, and professional environments.

It means 'people watching'—observing how people act in public places.

You say 'kansatsu shite imasu'.

Yes, 'kanshi' is surveillance (like a guard), while 'kansatsu' is study (like a scientist).

You can use 'kansatsu' for looking at stars, but 'kansoku' is more common for professional astronomy.

It's called a 'kansatsu nikki,' a common school project in Japan.

Yes, it is more formal than 'miru'.

Yes, 'naimenteki na kansatsu' is possible, though 'naiseki' is more common.

No, it can be done with the naked eye or any instrument.

Sign up free for tips & notes

Test Yourself 180 questions

/ 180 correct

Perfect score!

Sign up free to practice

Related Content

More Science words

吸収

A1

The act of taking in or soaking up something, such as liquid, light, heat, or knowledge. It describes both a physical process, like a sponge soaking up water, and a metaphorical process, like a student learning new information quickly.

分析

B1

Analysis refers to the process of breaking down a complex topic, substance, or situation into smaller parts to gain a better understanding of its structure or nature. In Japanese, it is frequently used as a suru-verb in scientific, business, and logical contexts to describe objective investigation.

原子

A1

An atom is the basic building block of all matter and the smallest unit of a chemical element. It consists of a dense central nucleus surrounded by a cloud of negatively charged electrons.

引力

A1

The physical force of attraction that pulls objects toward one another, most famously observed as Earth's gravity. It is also used metaphorically to describe a powerful charm or magnetic influence that draws people toward something.

細菌

A1

Microscopic single-celled organisms that can be found everywhere, including inside the human body. While some cause diseases, many are beneficial for health and the environment.

繁殖

A1

The biological process by which animals, plants, or microorganisms produce offspring or increase in number. It is often used to describe the spreading or multiplication of species in a specific environment.

炭素

A1

Carbon is a chemical element with the symbol C and atomic number 6. It is a fundamental building block of life and is found in substances ranging from charcoal and graphite to diamonds.

触媒

A1

A substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without undergoing any permanent chemical change itself. Metaphorically, it refers to a person or event that causes an important change or action to happen more quickly.

塩素

A1

A chemical element (symbol Cl) that is a yellow-green gas with a strong smell. It is widely used for disinfecting swimming pools and tap water, as well as in cleaning products like bleach.

解明

A1

The act of clarifying, solving, or unraveling a mystery, a complex problem, or a scientific phenomenon through investigation. It emphasizes the process of making something that was previously hidden or unknown clear and understandable.

Was this helpful?

Comments (0)

Login to Comment
No comments yet. Be the first to share your thoughts!