hiša
hiša en 30 secondes
- Hiša means house in Slovenian and is a feminine noun.
- It refers to the physical building rather than the emotional concept of home.
- The word changes its ending based on six different grammatical cases.
- It is a central word in Slovenian culture, often representing family legacy.
The word hiša is one of the most fundamental nouns in the Slovenian language, representing not just a physical structure but the very concept of shelter, stability, and family life. At its core, it translates to 'house' in English, referring to a building designed for people to live in. However, its usage in Slovenia carries deep cultural weight. Unlike some languages where the distinction between 'house' and 'home' is strictly linguistic, in Slovenian, hiša often serves as the anchor for the more emotional term dom (home). When a Slovenian speaks of their hiša, they are often referring to a multi-generational legacy, as many houses in Slovenia are built with the intention of lasting centuries, often housing several generations of the same family.
- Physicality
- In a literal sense, hiša refers to the architectural entity. It can be a samostojna hiša (detached house), a vrstna hiša (terraced house), or even a večstanovanjska hiša (an apartment building, though 'blok' is more common for modern ones).
To je moja nova hiša, ki smo jo zgradili lani.
The word is versatile and appears in various administrative and social contexts. For instance, hišna številka is your house number, essential for the Slovenian postal system. In rural areas, the hiša is the centerpiece of the farmstead, often accompanied by a hlev (barn) and a kozolec (hayrack). To understand the word hiša is to understand the Slovenian dream of 'biti na svojem' (being on one's own), which usually implies owning a piece of land with a solid, brick-and-mortar house upon it.
- Grammar Gender
- The word is feminine, ending in -a, which means it follows the most common declension pattern for female nouns.
V naši hiši je vedno toplo in veselo.
Historically, the Slovenian house was the site of the 'bogkov kot' (God's corner), a small altar in the main room. Thus, the word hiša carries an ancestral echo of protection and sacredness. When you are invited 'v hišo', you are being invited into the inner sanctum of a family's life. It is more than just four walls; it is a repository of history.
Stara hiša mojih starih staršev stoji na hribu.
- Social Context
- In many Slovenian villages, houses were often named after the family or their trade (e.g., 'pri Kovaču' - at the Blacksmith's), making the house a marker of identity.
Ta hiša ima bogato zgodovino.
Using hiša correctly requires an understanding of Slovenian's six cases. Because it is a feminine noun ending in -a, its endings change depending on its role in the sentence. For a beginner, the most important forms are the nominative (hiša), the accusative (hišo), and the locative (hiši). When you are simply naming the object, you use the nominative. If you are going 'into' the house, you use the preposition 'v' followed by the accusative. If you are already 'inside' the house, you use 'v' followed by the locative.
- Direct Object
- When the house is the receiver of an action, we use 'hišo'. For example, 'Kupujem hišo' (I am buying a house).
Vidim veliko hišo na koncu ulice.
Adjectives must also agree with the gender and case of hiša. Since hiša is feminine, adjectives will typically end in -a in the nominative singular (e.g., lepa hiša - beautiful house, majhna hiša - small house). In the plural, hiša becomes hiše. For example, 'V tem mestu so vse hiše bele' (In this town, all the houses are white).
- Possession
- To say 'of the house', use the genitive: 'Barva hiše je modra' (The color of the house is blue).
Streha hiše potrebuje popravilo.
In more advanced usage, hiša can be used metaphorically or in compound structures. For instance, blagovna hiša refers to a department store, and glasbena hiša might refer to a music institution or house. The word is incredibly flexible, but always maintains its core identity as a container or a foundational structure.
Grem v hišo, ker zunaj dežuje.
- Instrumental Case
- Used with 's' or 'z' to mean 'with the house'. Example: 'Z mojo hišo je vse v redu' (Everything is fine with my house).
Pred hišo raste staro drevo.
You will hear hiša everywhere in Slovenia, from the bustling streets of Ljubljana to the quietest Alpine valleys. In daily conversation, it is the standard way to describe one's residence. If you are walking through a neighborhood, people might point and say, 'Poglej tisto hišo!' (Look at that house!). It is also a staple in real estate advertisements, news reports about housing markets, and weather forecasts discussing damage to buildings.
- Real Estate
- In ads, you will see 'prodam hišo' (selling a house) or 'najamem hišo' (renting a house).
Iščemo hišo z velikim vrtom.
In television dramas and literature, hiša is often personified or used to represent a family's status. A 'bogata hiša' (wealthy house) implies a wealthy family. In the news, you might hear about 'vlada v hiši' (the government in the house/parliament) or 'odprta hiša' (open house events). It is also used in names of institutions, such as 'Cankarjev dom' (Cankar House/Home), though 'dom' is used there, many other cultural centers might use 'hiša kulture'.
- At Work
- In a corporate context, 'v hiši' can mean 'in-house', referring to internal resources or staff.
Imamo grafičnega oblikovalca kar v hiši.
In fairy tales and folklore, the hiša is a place of magic or danger. Think of the 'hišica iz medenjakov' (gingerbread house) in Hansel and Gretel. Children learn this word very early, often drawing a simple house with a chimney and a sun as one of their first artistic endeavors. The word is so pervasive that it is impossible to spend a day in Slovenia without seeing or hearing it multiple times.
To je hiša mojih sanj.
One of the most frequent mistakes English speakers make is confusing hiša (house) with dom (home). While they are often interchangeable in English, Slovenian distinguishes them more sharply. Hiša is the physical building; dom is the emotional place where you belong. If you say 'Grem v hišo', you mean you are physically entering a building. If you say 'Grem domov', you mean you are going home (wherever that may be).
- Declension Errors
- New learners often forget to change the ending. Saying 'v hiša' instead of 'v hiši' (locative) or 'v hišo' (accusative) is a common error.
Narobe: Sem v hiša. Pravilno: Sem v hiši.
Another mistake involves the dual number. In English, we just say 'two houses'. In Slovenian, you must use the dual form: 'dve hiši'. Learners often accidentally use the plural 'hiše' when referring to only two. Additionally, the word hiša is strictly feminine. Using masculine adjectives (e.g., 'velik hiša' instead of 'velika hiša') is a frequent gender agreement error.
- Preposition Confusion
- Learners sometimes use 'na hiši' (on the house) when they mean 'v hiši' (in the house). 'Na hiši' would literally mean on the roof or on the exterior wall.
Na hiši je nova fasada.
Finally, don't confuse hiša with hišnik (janitor/caretaker) or hišica (small house/cottage). While they share the same root, their meanings are distinct. Using 'hiša' when you mean a small cabin in the mountains might sound odd; 'koča' or 'hišica' would be more appropriate there. Accuracy in these nuances will make your Slovenian sound much more natural.
To ni hiša, to je grad!
While hiša is the general term for a house, Slovenian offers a variety of synonyms and related terms that provide more specific details about the type of building or its function. Understanding these alternatives will help you enrich your vocabulary and describe environments more accurately.
- Dom (Home)
- Focuses on the emotional connection and the place of residence. 'Moj dom' is 'my home'.
- Stavba (Building)
- A more generic term for any structure, including offices or factories. 'Hiša' is specifically for living.
Ta stavba je zelo visoka.
For more specific types of houses, you might use vila (a large, luxurious villa), dvorec (a manor or mansion), or grad (a castle). If the house is small and rustic, koča (cottage/hut) or bajta (a more colloquial, sometimes derogatory term for a small or poorly built house) are used. In urban settings, blok refers to an apartment block, which is where a large portion of the Slovenian urban population lives.
- Bivališče (Residence)
- A formal or bureaucratic term for where someone lives. Used in legal documents.
Njegovo stalno bivališče je v Ljubljani.
When comparing hiša to stanovanje (apartment), the former implies ownership of the ground and the entire structure, while the latter refers to a unit within a larger building. In Slovenia, there is a strong cultural preference for a hiša over a stanovanje, as it represents greater independence. Use rezidenca for very formal contexts, such as an ambassador's residence.
To je predsedniška rezidenca.
How Formal Is It?
Le savais-tu ?
In some older Slovenian dialects, 'hiša' specifically meant the central room of a farmhouse where the stove was located, rather than the whole building.
Guide de prononciation
- Pronouncing 'h' like a hard English 'h' (it should be more raspy).
- Making the 'i' too short.
- Misplacing the stress on the second syllable.
- Pronouncing 'š' as 's'.
- Nasalizing the final 'a'.
Niveau de difficulté
Very easy to recognize and read.
Easy, but requires attention to the feminine endings in cases.
The 'h' sound can be tricky for some, but the word is short.
Very distinct and easy to hear in context.
Quoi apprendre ensuite
Prérequis
Apprends ensuite
Avancé
Grammaire à connaître
Feminine Noun Declension
Hiša (Nom), Hiše (Gen), Hiši (Dat), Hišo (Acc)...
Adjective Agreement
Velika hiša (Fem Sing), Veliki hiši (Fem Dual), Velike hiše (Fem Plur).
Prepositions with Cases
V hiši (Locative), V hišo (Accusative).
Dual Number
Dve hiši (Two houses).
Genitive with Negation
Nimam hiše (I don't have a house).
Exemples par niveau
To je moja hiša.
This is my house.
Nominative singular.
Hiša je bela.
The house is white.
Subject-adjective agreement.
Imam majhno hišo.
I have a small house.
Accusative singular.
Kje je tvoja hiša?
Where is your house?
Question form.
Hiša ima rdečo streho.
The house has a red roof.
Noun as subject.
V hiši je toplo.
It is warm in the house.
Locative singular.
To je velika hiša.
This is a big house.
Adjective agreement.
Moja hiša je tukaj.
My house is here.
Adverbial placement.
Grem v hišo.
I am going into the house.
Accusative of direction.
Pred hišo je vrt.
In front of the house is a garden.
Instrumental case.
V naši ulici so stare hiše.
There are old houses in our street.
Nominative plural.
Kupujemo novo hišo.
We are buying a new house.
Present continuous sense.
Hiša nima garaže.
The house doesn't have a garage.
Genitive with negation.
Dve hiši sta modri.
Two houses are blue.
Dual form.
Ali živiš v hiši ali v stanovanju?
Do you live in a house or an apartment?
Choice question.
Okoli hiše je ograja.
Around the house is a fence.
Genitive case.
Hiša je bila zgrajena leta 1990.
The house was built in 1990.
Passive voice.
Za hišo imamo majhen sadovnjak.
Behind the house, we have a small orchard.
Preposition 'za' with instrumental.
Najem hiše je zelo drag.
Renting a house is very expensive.
Genitive of possession.
V hiši moramo popraviti streho.
We need to fix the roof in the house.
Infinitive construction.
Ta hiša je del kulturne dediščine.
This house is part of the cultural heritage.
Genitive phrase.
Hiša stoji na samem.
The house stands alone (in a secluded spot).
Idiomatic locative.
Vsaka hiša ima svojo zgodbo.
Every house has its own story.
Distributive pronoun.
Hiša je potrebna obnove.
The house needs renovation.
Genitive of requirement.
Prodajna cena hiše je narasla.
The selling price of the house has risen.
Compound subject.
Hiša je bila polna gostov.
The house was full of guests.
Genitive of abundance.
V tej hiši vlada mir.
Peace reigns in this house.
Abstract subject.
Hiša je bila zavarovana proti požaru.
The house was insured against fire.
Prepositional phrase.
Zgraditi hišo je velik finančni zalogaj.
Building a house is a big financial undertaking.
Gerund-like infinitive.
Hiša se nahaja v mirni soseski.
The house is located in a quiet neighborhood.
Reflexive verb 'se nahaja'.
To je hiša, v kateri sem odraščal.
This is the house in which I grew up.
Relative clause.
Hiša je bila prodana na dražbi.
The house was sold at auction.
Passive past tense.
Hiša je odraz lastnikove osebnosti.
The house is a reflection of the owner's personality.
Metaphorical usage.
V založniški hiši so izdali novo knjigo.
The publishing house released a new book.
Institutional usage.
Hiša je kljubovala zobu časa.
The house defied the tooth of time (withstood time).
Idiomatic expression.
V hiši je prišlo do kratkega stika.
A short circuit occurred in the house.
Impersonal construction.
Hiša je bila zasnovana po načelih trajnosti.
The house was designed according to the principles of sustainability.
Technical vocabulary.
Pravna hiša je prevzela primer.
The law firm (legal house) took over the case.
Metonymy.
Hiša je bila prizorišče številnih dogodkov.
The house was the scene of many events.
Formal register.
Hiša se je sesedla kot hišica iz kart.
The house collapsed like a house of cards.
Simile.
Hiša kot arhetip zavetja se pojavlja v vseh kulturah.
The house as an archetype of shelter appears in all cultures.
Philosophical register.
V tej hiši so se kalili bodoči intelektualci.
Future intellectuals were forged in this house.
Metaphorical 'forge'.
Hiša je bila predmet dolgotrajnega denacionalizacijskega postopka.
The house was the subject of a lengthy denationalization process.
Legal terminology.
Arhitektura hiše se zliva z okoliško pokrajino.
The architecture of the house blends with the surrounding landscape.
Aesthetic description.
Hiša je bila nema priča zgodovinskih pretresov.
The house was a silent witness to historical upheavals.
Personification.
V hiši se prepletajo različni arhitekturni slogi.
Different architectural styles intertwine in the house.
Reflexive 'prepletati se'.
Hiša predstavlja mikrokozmos družbenih odnosov.
The house represents a microcosm of social relations.
Sociological analysis.
Hiša je bila ekscentrično opremljena po okusu pokojnika.
The house was eccentrically furnished according to the deceased's taste.
Adverbial complexity.
Collocations courantes
Phrases Courantes
Souvent confondu avec
Dom is the emotional concept of home, hiša is the physical building.
Stanovanje is an apartment, hiša is a house.
Stavba is any building (office, factory), hiša is only for living.
Expressions idiomatiques
— A house of cards; something very fragile.
Njegov načrt se je podrl kot hiša iz kart.
neutral— A haunted house or a scary place.
Ta zapuščena stavba je prava hiša strahov.
informal— To mind one's own business or fix one's own problems first.
Najprej pospravi pred svojo hišo, potem kritiziraj druge.
idiomatic— Everything is the same (metaphorical).
V tem mestu so se mi zdele vse hiše bele.
poetic— A house in a drafty spot; also a family in turmoil.
Njuna zveza je kot hiša na prepihu.
metaphorical— To have a full house (lots of guests or children).
Danes imamo polno hišo.
neutral— Old house; sometimes used for an old, reliable person.
On je naša stara hiša.
colloquialFacile à confondre
Similar root.
Hišnik is a person (janitor), hiša is a building.
Hišnik popravlja vrata v hiši.
Diminutive form.
Hišica is specifically a small or cute house.
Ptičja hišica je na drevesu.
Sounds slightly similar to some learners.
Hči means daughter, hiša means house.
Moja hči je v hiši.
Starts with 'h'.
Hladen means cold, hiša means house.
V hiši je hladno.
Starts with 'h'.
Hrib means hill, hiša means house.
Hiša stoji na hribu.
Structures de phrases
To je [adjective] hiša.
To je lepa hiša.
Živim v [adjective] hiši.
Živim v majhni hiši.
Grem v [adjective] hišo.
Grem v tisto hišo.
Pred hišo stoji [noun].
Pred hišo stoji avto.
Hiša, ki [verb]...
Hiša, ki stoji na hribu, je moja.
V hiši je prišlo do [noun].
V hiši je prišlo do sprememb.
Moja hiša ima [number] sobe.
Moja hiša ima tri sobe.
Ali je to tvoja hiša?
Ali je to tvoja hiša?
Famille de mots
Noms
Verbes
Adjectifs
Apparenté
Comment l'utiliser
Extremely high; one of the top 500 words used in daily Slovenian.
-
Sem v hiša.
→
Sem v hiši.
You must use the locative case after 'v' when indicating location.
-
Grem v hiši.
→
Grem v hišo.
You must use the accusative case after 'v' when indicating direction of movement.
-
Imam dva hiše.
→
Imam dve hiši.
The word 'hiša' is feminine, so 'two' must be 'dve', and the dual ending is -i.
-
To je velik hiša.
→
To je velika hiša.
Adjectives must match the feminine gender of 'hiša'.
-
Barva hiša je rdeča.
→
Barva hiše je rdeča.
You must use the genitive case to show possession ('of the house').
Astuces
Check the Case
Always determine if you are talking about location or direction. 'V hiši' vs 'V hišo' is the most common mistake for beginners.
House vs. Home
Use 'hiša' for the building and 'dom' for the feeling. If you're invited over, you're going to their 'hiša', but they will call it their 'dom'.
Red Roofs
When imagining a 'hiša' in Slovenia, think of orange or red tiled roofs. It's the standard look across the country.
The Slovenian H
The 'h' in 'hiša' is not silent. It's a soft, breathy sound made at the back of the throat, similar to the German 'ch'.
Dual Power
Practice 'dve hiši' until it feels natural. The dual is a unique and beautiful part of Slovenian.
Adjective Matching
Ensure your adjectives end in -a (e.g., 'stara', 'nova', 'lepa') to match the feminine 'hiša'.
Endings Matter
Pay close attention to whether the word ends in -a, -o, -e, or -i. This tells you the grammatical role.
He-Sha
Remember: He (Hi) shared (ša) his house.
Be Specific
If it's a small cabin, use 'koča'. If it's a mansion, use 'vila'. Slovenians appreciate the specificity.
Word Family
Learn 'hišnik' (janitor) and 'hišni ljubljenček' (pet) together with 'hiša' to expand your vocabulary quickly.
Mémorise-le
Moyen mnémotechnique
Think of a 'He-man' building a 'Sha-ck'. Hi-ša. He builds the house.
Association visuelle
Imagine a classic house with a red roof and a big 'H' on the front door.
Word Web
Défi
Try to describe every hiša you see on your walk today using one adjective (e.g., 'velika hiša', 'modra hiša').
Origine du mot
Derived from the Proto-Slavic word *xyža, which originally referred to a small hut or a heated room. It has cognates in other Slavic languages like Czech 'chyše'.
Sens originel : A small shelter or hut, often made of wicker or wood.
Indo-European > Balto-Slavic > Slavic > South Slavic > Slovenian.Contexte culturel
No specific sensitivities, but be aware that 'bajta' can be seen as insulting if used to describe someone's pride and joy.
English speakers often use 'home' more than 'house', but Slovenians use 'hiša' more frequently for the physical object.
Pratique dans la vie réelle
Contextes réels
Real Estate
- prodaja hiše
- nakup hiše
- najem hiše
- nepremičninski agent
Home Life
- pospravljanje hiše
- hišna opravila
- v hiši
- domača hiša
Construction
- gradnja hiše
- načrt za hišo
- temelji hiše
- streha hiše
Directions
- pri rdeči hiši
- za tisto hišo
- nasproti hiše
- zraven hiše
Social
- zabava v hiši
- polna hiša
- gospodar hiše
- hišni obisk
Amorces de conversation
"Ali živiš v hiši ali v stanovanju?"
"Kakšne barve je tvoja hiša?"
"Ali bi raje imel hišo na deželi ali v mestu?"
"Kdo je v tvoji hiši najbolj priden pri pospravljanju?"
"Ali si kdaj sam gradil kakšen del hiše?"
Sujets d'écriture
Opiši hišo svojih sanj. Koliko sob ima? Kakšen je vrt?
Zapiši spomin na hišo svojih starih staršev. Kako je dišala?
Primerjaj prednosti življenja v hiši in v stanovanju.
Napiši zgodbo o hiši, ki je bila polna skrivnosti.
Kako bi opremil svojo hišo, če denar ne bi bil težava?
Questions fréquentes
10 questionsUse 'v hišo' (accusative) when there is movement involved, like 'I am going into the house'. Use 'v hiši' (locative) when you are already inside, like 'I am in the house'.
It is feminine. You can tell because it ends in '-a' in the nominative singular.
In Slovenian, you use the dual form: 'dve hiši'.
Yes, in specific terms like 'založniška hiša' (publishing house) or 'modna hiša' (fashion house).
It's a weekend house or a holiday home, very popular among Slovenians.
Nominative: hiše, Genitive: hiš, Dative: hišam, Accusative: hiše, Locative: pri hišah, Instrumental: s hišami.
It can mean 'at the house' or refer to something that is kept in the household, like 'we always have milk at the house'.
Usually, 'blok' is used for modern apartment buildings, but 'večstanovanjska hiša' is the formal term.
Moja hiša.
The diminutive is 'hišica', meaning a small or cute house.
Teste-toi 180 questions
Napiši stavek: 'This is a big house.'
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Napiši stavek: 'I live in a white house.'
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Napiši stavek: 'We are buying a house.'
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Napiši stavek: 'The house has a red roof.'
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Napiši stavek: 'There is a garden in front of the house.'
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Napiši stavek: 'I am going into the house.'
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Napiši stavek: 'Two houses are old.'
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Napiši stavek: 'The color of the house is blue.'
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Napiši stavek: 'He is at the house.'
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Napiši stavek: 'The whole house is sleeping.'
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Opiši svojo hišo v treh stavkih.
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Napiši vprašanje: 'Where is your house?'
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Napiši stavek: 'I don't have a house.'
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Napiši stavek: 'The house is made of wood.'
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Napiši stavek: 'We need to fix the house.'
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Napiši stavek: 'The publishing house is in Ljubljana.'
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Napiši stavek: 'She ran around the house.'
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Napiši stavek: 'The house is very modern.'
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Napiši stavek: 'They built the house in two years.'
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Napiši stavek: 'This house is a ruin.'
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Povej: 'I live in a house.'
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Povej: 'My house is small.'
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Vprašaj: 'Is the house big?'
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Povej: 'I am going to the house.'
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Povej: 'We have two houses.'
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Povej: 'The house is white.'
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Povej: 'I am in the house.'
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Povej: 'The house has a garden.'
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Povej: 'The roof is red.'
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Vprašaj: 'Where is the house?'
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Povej: 'I am cleaning the house.'
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Povej: 'The house is old.'
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Povej: 'I like your house.'
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Povej: 'The house is beautiful.'
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Povej: 'The house is on the hill.'
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Povej: 'I don't have a house.'
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Povej: 'Let's go into the house.'
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Povej: 'The house is full of people.'
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Povej: 'The house is cold.'
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Povej: 'This is a new house.'
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Poslušaj in zapiši: 'To je velika hiša.'
Poslušaj in zapiši: 'Živim v hiši.'
Poslušaj in zapiši: 'Grem v hišo.'
Poslušaj in zapiši: 'Hiša ima rdečo streho.'
Poslušaj in zapiši: 'Pred hišo je vrt.'
Poslušaj in zapiši: 'Dve hiši sta modri.'
Poslušaj in zapiši: 'Kupujemo novo hišo.'
Poslušaj in zapiši: 'V hiši je toplo.'
Poslušaj in zapiši: 'Iz hiše se sliši smeh.'
Poslušaj in zapiši: 'Ona je v hiši.'
Poslušaj in zapiši: 'Hiša je stara.'
Poslušaj in zapiši: 'Kje je tvoja hiša?'
Poslušaj in zapiši: 'To je hiša mojih staršev.'
Poslušaj in zapiši: 'Okoli hiše je ograja.'
Poslušaj in zapiši: 'Hiša je potrebna obnove.'
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Summary
The word 'hiša' is your go-to term for any residential building. Remember that it is feminine, so always use 'lepa hiša' (beautiful house) and never 'lep hiša'. A common phrase is 'v hiši' for being inside.
- Hiša means house in Slovenian and is a feminine noun.
- It refers to the physical building rather than the emotional concept of home.
- The word changes its ending based on six different grammatical cases.
- It is a central word in Slovenian culture, often representing family legacy.
Check the Case
Always determine if you are talking about location or direction. 'V hiši' vs 'V hišo' is the most common mistake for beginners.
House vs. Home
Use 'hiša' for the building and 'dom' for the feeling. If you're invited over, you're going to their 'hiša', but they will call it their 'dom'.
Red Roofs
When imagining a 'hiša' in Slovenia, think of orange or red tiled roofs. It's the standard look across the country.
The Slovenian H
The 'h' in 'hiša' is not silent. It's a soft, breathy sound made at the back of the throat, similar to the German 'ch'.
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