家庭作业 is the standard term for school-assigned homework intended to reinforce classroom learning.
Word in 30 Seconds
- Tasks assigned by teachers for completion at home.
- Commonly paired with verbs 'do' (zuò) or 'write' (xiě).
- Often shortened to just 'zuòyè' in daily conversation.
Overview
- 1概述：‘家庭作业’是一个非常基础的合成词，由‘家庭’（home/family）和‘作业’（assignment/work）组成。它是学生日常学习生活中最核心的部分，旨在通过独立练习来加强记忆。2) 用法模式：最常用的动词搭配是‘做’（zuò）或‘写’（xiě）。在口语中，人们经常省略‘家庭’二字，直接说‘作业’。老师通常使用‘布置’（bùzhì）或‘留’（liú）来表示分配作业，而家长则常用‘检查’（jiǎnchá）来核对作业完成情况。3) 常见语境：主要出现在学校、家庭以及教育相关的讨论中。它不仅限于书面练习，也可以是阅读、背诵或手工制作等任务。4) 近义词比较：‘作业’是最通用的词；‘功课’（gōngkè）除了指作业，还可以指代所有的学科课程；‘课外作业’则更正式，强调在课堂之外完成。
Examples
你做完家庭作业了吗？
everydayHave you finished your homework?
老师今天布置的家庭作业很少。
academicThe teacher assigned very little homework today.
我得回家写家庭作业了。
informalI have to go home and write my homework.
学生应当认真对待家庭作业。
formalStudents should take their homework seriously.
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
家庭作业本
homework notebook
暑假作业
summer vacation homework
交作业
to hand in homework
Often Confused With
Gōngzuò refers to professional jobs or labor, while zuòyè specifically refers to school tasks.
Gōngkè can mean homework, but it also refers to the school subjects or lessons themselves.
Grammar Patterns
How to Use It
Usage Notes
The term is neutral and widely used across all Chinese-speaking regions. In spoken language, 'jiātíng' is almost always dropped for brevity unless emphasizing that the work must be done at home. It is exclusively used for students from kindergarten through university.
Common Mistakes
English speakers often confuse 'zuòyè' with 'gōngzuò' because both translate to 'work' in English. Another mistake is using the wrong measure word; the correct measure word for a specific assignment is '份' (fèn) or '项' (xiàng).
Tips
Use 'zuò' or 'xiě' appropriately
While 'zuò' is universal, 'xiě' is extremely common when referring to written assignments like essays or math problems.
Avoid confusing with professional work
Never use 'zuòyè' for your office job tasks; use 'gōngzuò' instead to avoid sounding like a student.
The weight of homework in China
Homework is a major part of Chinese childhood, often involving several hours of study each evening.
Word Origin
'Jiātíng' (family/household) + 'Zuòyè' (work/production). The term was popularized in the modern school system to distinguish school-based learning from home-based practice.
Cultural Context
In China, 'homework' is often a point of high stress for students and parents due to the competitive nature of the education system. Recent government policies like 'Double Reduction' (双减) aim to limit the amount of homework given.
Memory Tip
Think of 'Jiātíng' as 'Family/Home' and 'Zuòyè' as 'Task'. It is literally the 'Home-Task' you do for school.
Frequently Asked Questions
4 questions‘做作业’是一个通用表达，涵盖所有类型的任务；‘写作业’则更具体地指代需要动笔书写的任务。
不可以。大人的工作任务通常叫‘工作’或‘任务’。‘家庭作业’专指学生的学习任务。
这是老师常用的表达，意思是‘布置作业’，即分配给学生课后完成的任务。
可以。在口语和非正式书面语中，通常直接说‘作业’。
Test Yourself
我每天晚上都要___家庭作业。
‘做’是与作业最常用的搭配动词。
今天老师___了很多家庭作业。
‘布置’（bùzhì）是老师分配作业的专业用语。
作业 / 还没 / 我的 / 完 / 做
正确的语序是：主语 (我的作业) + 否定副词 (还没) + 动词 (做) + 结果补语 (完)。
Score: /3
Summary
家庭作业 is the standard term for school-assigned homework intended to reinforce classroom learning.
- Tasks assigned by teachers for completion at home.
- Commonly paired with verbs 'do' (zuò) or 'write' (xiě).
- Often shortened to just 'zuòyè' in daily conversation.
Use 'zuò' or 'xiě' appropriately
While 'zuò' is universal, 'xiě' is extremely common when referring to written assignments like essays or math problems.
Avoid confusing with professional work
Never use 'zuòyè' for your office job tasks; use 'gōngzuò' instead to avoid sounding like a student.
The weight of homework in China
Homework is a major part of Chinese childhood, often involving several hours of study each evening.
Examples
4 of 4你做完家庭作业了吗？
Have you finished your homework?
老师今天布置的家庭作业很少。
The teacher assigned very little homework today.
我得回家写家庭作业了。
I have to go home and write my homework.
学生应当认真对待家庭作业。
Students should take their homework seriously.
