Jìnlín signifies physical proximity between people or nations, emphasizing the value of those nearby.
Word in 30 Seconds
- Refers to neighbors living very close by geographically.
- Commonly used for both individuals and neighboring countries.
- Often highlights the importance of immediate social support.
Overview
- 1概述：近邻（jìnlín）是一个常用的名词，由“近”（距离靠近）和“邻”（邻居、邻接）两个汉字组成。它的基本含义是指在地理位置上非常接近的邻居。这个词不仅可以用来形容住在隔壁或同一个社区的人，也经常被用来形容领土接壤或地理位置相近的国家。在汉语中，它是一个既有生活气息又具有政治色彩的词汇。2) 用法模式：在句子中，“近邻”通常作为主语、宾语或定语出现。例如，“他是我的近邻”中作为宾语。最著名的用法是在成语“远亲不如近邻”中，这里它代表了一种及时的社会支持力量。此外，在新闻报道中，常看到“友好近邻”或“一衣带水的近邻”这样的表达，用来描述国家间的亲密关系。3) 常见语境：在日常生活中，当我们想强调邻居之间距离非常近，或者关系非常亲密时，会使用这个词。在国际关系领域，它是一个标准术语，用于指代周边国家，强调地缘政治上的紧密联系。在文学作品中，它常被用来营造一种温馨、和谐的社区氛围。4) 词义辨析：首先，“近邻”与“邻居”相比，“邻居”更口语化，而“近邻”更强调“近”的程度，且书面感更强。其次，“近邻”与“邻国”相比，后者的范围仅限于国家，而“近邻”既可以指人也可以指国。最后，与“邻近”相比，“邻近”通常作为动词或形容词使用（如：邻近的城市），而“近邻”是一个名词。
Examples
俗话说，远亲不如近邻。
everydayAs the saying goes, a neighbor nearby is better than a relative far away.
中日两国是隔海相望的近邻。
formalChina and Japan are close neighbors separated by a strip of water.
我的近邻们都很友好。
informalMy close neighbors are all very friendly.
该政策旨在加强与周边近邻的贸易往来。
academicThe policy aims to strengthen trade relations with surrounding close neighbors.
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
互为近邻
To be close neighbors to each other
近邻关系
Neighborhood relationship
Often Confused With
Línjū is the general term for neighbor; jìnlín specifically emphasizes the 'closeness' and is more formal/literary.
Línguó specifically refers to neighboring countries, while jìnlín can refer to both people and countries.
Grammar Patterns
How to Use It
Usage Notes
Jìnlín is a neutral to slightly formal noun. It is frequently used in the context of international diplomacy to describe countries sharing borders or proximity. In daily life, it appears most often in the famous proverb about neighbors and relatives.
Common Mistakes
Learners often use 'jìnlín' as an adjective (e.g., *jìnlín de fángzi), but it is primarily a noun. Another mistake is using it exclusively for people, forgetting its common application to nations.
Tips
Emphasize Proximity in Writing
Use 'jìnlín' instead of 'línjū' when you want to emphasize that someone is right next door or a country is a direct neighbor.
Do Not Use as Adjective
Remember that 'jìnlín' is a noun. To say 'neighboring building', use 'línjìn de' (邻近的) instead.
The Value of Neighborhood Harmony
In China, maintaining a good relationship with your 'jìnlín' is traditionally seen as vital for a stable and happy life.
Word Origin
Composed of '近' (near/close) and '邻' (neighbor/community). Historically, '邻' referred to a group of five families in ancient administrative divisions.
Cultural Context
In traditional Chinese society, the 'Danwei' or village system made neighbors a primary support network. This word carries a sense of mutual aid and social stability.
Memory Tip
Think of 'Jìn' (Near) + 'Lín' (Neighbor). It's literally the 'Near-Neighbor'.
Frequently Asked Questions
4 questions不仅指人，也可以指地理位置靠近的国家。在国际新闻中经常看到这种用法。
“邻居”是最通俗的说法，而“近邻”更强调距离上的“近”，有时带有一定的文学色彩。
这是一句中国俗语，意思是远方的亲戚在紧急时刻往往不如身边的邻居能提供及时的帮助。
它是一个中性词，但在大多数语境下（如强调互助时）带有积极、亲切的感情色彩。
Test Yourself
俗话说：“远亲不如___。”
这是中国家喻户晓的俗语，强调邻居的重要性。
中国和韩国是：
中韩两国地理位置相近，常被称为近邻。
我的 / 是 / 一位 / 近邻 / 老师
这是标准的主语+系动词+宾语结构。
Score: /3
Summary
Jìnlín signifies physical proximity between people or nations, emphasizing the value of those nearby.
- Refers to neighbors living very close by geographically.
- Commonly used for both individuals and neighboring countries.
- Often highlights the importance of immediate social support.
Emphasize Proximity in Writing
Use 'jìnlín' instead of 'línjū' when you want to emphasize that someone is right next door or a country is a direct neighbor.
Do Not Use as Adjective
Remember that 'jìnlín' is a noun. To say 'neighboring building', use 'línjìn de' (邻近的) instead.
The Value of Neighborhood Harmony
In China, maintaining a good relationship with your 'jìnlín' is traditionally seen as vital for a stable and happy life.
Examples
4 of 4俗话说，远亲不如近邻。
As the saying goes, a neighbor nearby is better than a relative far away.
中日两国是隔海相望的近邻。
China and Japan are close neighbors separated by a strip of water.
我的近邻们都很友好。
My close neighbors are all very friendly.
该政策旨在加强与周边近邻的贸易往来。
The policy aims to strengthen trade relations with surrounding close neighbors.
