Shi gao (plaster cast) is a hard, white material used to immobilize broken bones or injured limbs to aid healing.
Word in 30 Seconds
- Plaster cast for broken bones or injuries.
- Hard, white material that hardens when wet.
- Used in hospitals for medical immobilization.
Overview
石膏（shí gāo）在中文里主要指一种白色粉末状物质，遇水后会凝固成坚硬的固体。在医学上，它最常见的用途是制作“石膏绷带”或“石膏模具”，用于固定骨折或扭伤的肢体，以防止其移动，从而促进愈合。这种材料质地坚硬但相对较轻，能够提供有效的支撑。
石膏主要用作名词，描述用于固定骨骼的材料或已经成型的固定物。它经常与“打石膏”、“石膏固定”、“石膏绷带”等词语搭配使用。例如，“他的腿骨折了，医生给他打上了石膏。”这里的“打石膏”是一个动词短语，表示使用石膏进行治疗。
石膏最常出现在与医疗、健康相关的语境中，尤其是在医院的骨科、急诊科。在日常生活中，人们谈论到骨折、运动损伤、手术后康复时，也可能会提到石膏。有时，它也可能用于建筑或艺术领域，但作为A2级别的词汇，我们主要关注其医疗用途。
与“石膏”相似但用法不同的词包括：“绷带”（bēng dài）——绷带通常指用于包扎伤口或提供轻度支撑的布条或弹性材料，不如石膏坚硬；“夹板”（jiā bǎn）——夹板是用硬质材料（如木片、金属条）制成的，用于辅助固定骨折部位，通常与绷带一起使用，但夹板本身不是凝固性材料。石膏的特点在于其遇水凝固的特性和提供的高度固定性。
Examples
我的脚踝扭伤了，医生给我打了一个石膏。
everydayMy ankle was sprained, and the doctor put a plaster cast on it.
运动员在比赛中不慎骨折，必须接受石膏固定治疗。
formalThe athlete accidentally fractured a bone during the competition and had to undergo immobilization with a plaster cast.
哎呀，我摔倒了，腿好像骨折了，得赶紧去医院打个石膏。
informalOh no, I fell and my leg seems broken, I need to go to the hospital quickly to get a cast.
临床研究表明，新型复合材料在骨折愈合过程中可替代传统石膏。
academicClinical studies indicate that novel composite materials can replace traditional plaster casts during bone fracture healing.
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
打石膏
to apply a plaster cast
石膏像
plaster statue
石膏板
plasterboard
Often Confused With
A bandage is typically a strip of cloth used for wrapping wounds or providing light support. A plaster cast (石膏) is a hard, rigid shell used for immobilizing fractures.
A splint is a rigid support, often made of wood or metal, used to immobilize an injured limb, usually in conjunction with bandages. A plaster cast is a molded, hardened shell made from plaster.
Grammar Patterns
How to Use It
Usage Notes
The term '石膏' (shí gāo) primarily refers to the material used for medical casts. When referring to the act of applying it, '打石膏' (dǎ shí gāo) is commonly used. It is a neutral term, widely understood in both formal and informal medical contexts.
Common Mistakes
Learners might confuse '石膏' with general bandages or splints. Remember that '石膏' specifically refers to the hard, molded cast made from plaster material used for significant immobilization.
Tips
Keep Your Cast Dry
Remember to keep your plaster cast dry at all times. Water can weaken the cast and reduce its effectiveness.
Avoid Scratching Inside
Do not scratch the skin under the cast with sharp objects, as this can cause injury and infection. Use a cool hairdryer if itching occurs.
Symbol of Recovery
A plaster cast is a common sight and often seen as a temporary symbol of recovery from an injury, signifying a period of healing.
Word Origin
The character '石' (shí) means stone or rock, referring to the hard, mineral nature of the substance. The character '膏' (gāo) can mean paste, ointment, or fat, referring to its initial paste-like consistency when mixed with water before hardening.
Cultural Context
In Chinese culture, receiving a plaster cast is a common experience for those who suffer bone fractures. It's a visible sign of injury and the subsequent healing process, often eliciting sympathy and care from others.
Memory Tip
Imagine a 'stone' (石) that is 'tall and high' (膏) – a hard, rigid cast that helps you heal after a break.
Frequently Asked Questions
4 questions石膏主要是由一种叫做硫酸钙的矿物质制成的。它以粉末形式存在，遇水后会发生化学反应，逐渐凝固变硬。
打上石膏后，应保持石膏干燥，避免沾水，以免影响其硬度和固定效果。同时，要避免用尖锐物品搔抓石膏内的皮肤，以免受伤。
石膏的拆除时间取决于骨折的严重程度和愈合情况，通常需要几周到几个月。医生会根据X光片等检查结果来决定何时取下石膏。
是的，石膏还可以用于固定扭伤、脱臼，以及某些手术后的康复期。在建筑和雕塑领域，石膏也被用作材料。
Test Yourself
他的手臂受伤了，医生需要给他打上______固定。
根据句子描述的需要固定骨折部位，石膏是最适合的选项。
关于“石膏”，下列哪项描述是正确的？
石膏的主要特性是遇水凝固，并且广泛应用于医疗领域以固定骨折。
词语：石膏，需要，他，打，腿，骨折
这是一个主谓宾结构清晰的句子，描述了他因为腿部骨折而需要接受石膏治疗。
Score: /3
Summary
Shi gao (plaster cast) is a hard, white material used to immobilize broken bones or injured limbs to aid healing.
- Plaster cast for broken bones or injuries.
- Hard, white material that hardens when wet.
- Used in hospitals for medical immobilization.
Keep Your Cast Dry
Remember to keep your plaster cast dry at all times. Water can weaken the cast and reduce its effectiveness.
Avoid Scratching Inside
Do not scratch the skin under the cast with sharp objects, as this can cause injury and infection. Use a cool hairdryer if itching occurs.
Symbol of Recovery
A plaster cast is a common sight and often seen as a temporary symbol of recovery from an injury, signifying a period of healing.
Examples
4 of 4我的脚踝扭伤了，医生给我打了一个石膏。
My ankle was sprained, and the doctor put a plaster cast on it.
运动员在比赛中不慎骨折，必须接受石膏固定治疗。
The athlete accidentally fractured a bone during the competition and had to undergo immobilization with a plaster cast.
哎呀，我摔倒了，腿好像骨折了，得赶紧去医院打个石膏。
Oh no, I fell and my leg seems broken, I need to go to the hospital quickly to get a cast.
临床研究表明，新型复合材料在骨折愈合过程中可替代传统石膏。
Clinical studies indicate that novel composite materials can replace traditional plaster casts during bone fracture healing.
