“具有” signifies possessing inherent qualities, abilities, or characteristics, often used in formal contexts.
Word in 30 Seconds
- Possess or be endowed with qualities.
- Used for inherent traits, abilities, or properties.
- Common in formal and written Chinese.
Overview
“具有”是一个非常常用的动词，表示“拥有”或“具备”某种特点、性质、能力或资格。它强调的是一种内在的、固有的或者通过某种方式获得的拥有状态。这个词语在书面语和正式场合中尤为常见，用来描述人、物、现象或抽象概念的属性。
具有 + 抽象名词 (如：价值、意义、重要性、潜力、风险、优势、劣势等)
具有 + 某种能力 (如：具有...能力)
具有 + 某种性质 (如：具有...性)
具有 + 某种资格/条件 (如：具有...资格)
描述潜在的可能性：这项技术具有广阔的市场前景。
“具备”和“具有”非常接近，都表示拥有某种条件或能力。但“具备”有时更强调条件或要素的齐全，尤其是在描述完成某事所需的条件时，如“具备获奖条件”。“具有”则更广泛，可以指拥有某种性质、特征或能力。
“包含”指里面有，包括在内，强调的是整体与部分的关系，如“这个句子包含主语和谓语”。“具有”是描述主体本身所拥有的属性，而不是包含某个部分。
“带有”通常指随身携带或附带某种东西，可以是具体的，也可以是抽象的，但常常是表面的或临时的。例如：“他带着笑容”、“这个产品带有说明书”。“具有”则强调更深层次、更固有的属性。
“拥有”更侧重于实际的、物质上的占有，强调的是对某物的控制和支配权，如“拥有财产”、“拥有股份”。而“具有”更侧重于内在的、抽象的品质、能力或性质，不一定涉及实际的占有，如“具有价值”、“具有潜力”。
Examples
他具有敏锐的观察力。
everydayHe possesses keen observation skills.
这项研究具有里程碑式的意义。
academicThis research holds milestone significance.
该产品具有耐高温的特性。
formalThe product has the characteristic of being heat-resistant.
作为一名管理者，他具有处理复杂问题的能力。
formalAs a manager, he has the ability to handle complex problems.
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
具有重要意义
to be of great significance
具有吸引力
to be attractive
具有挑战性
to be challenging
Often Confused With
‘拥有’ often implies tangible possession or ownership, like owning property or a company. ‘具有’ is broader, referring to inherent qualities, characteristics, or abstract attributes that something or someone possesses.
‘具备’ is very close to ‘具有’ and often interchangeable, but it can sometimes emphasize the completeness of necessary conditions or qualifications, especially when talking about meeting requirements for something.
Grammar Patterns
How to Use It
Usage Notes
‘具有’ is a formal verb, commonly found in written Chinese, academic texts, and official statements. It is less frequent in casual, everyday spoken language where ‘有’ (yǒu) is often preferred for simplicity. Use ‘具有’ when you want to sound more precise, formal, or emphasize an inherent quality.
Common Mistakes
Avoid using ‘具有’ in very casual conversations; ‘有’ is usually more appropriate. Do not follow ‘具有’ directly with a verb; it should be followed by a noun or noun phrase representing the quality or characteristic.
Tips
Think 'Endowed With'
When you see '具有', think of something being 'endowed with' a quality or ability, rather than just 'having' it.
Avoid Casual Speech
While '具有' is common, in very casual spoken Chinese, simpler verbs like '有' might be preferred unless you're emphasizing a specific quality.
Formal Expression
Using '具有' often lends a more formal or academic tone to your writing or speech, suitable for reports, essays, or official statements.
Word Origin
The character ‘具’ (jù) originally meant ‘utensils’ or ‘tools’, and also ‘to provide’ or ‘to collect’. In ‘具有’ (jùyǒu), it combines with ‘有’ (yǒu - to have) to convey a sense of possessing or being equipped with certain qualities or features.
Cultural Context
The use of ‘具有’ reflects a preference for precise and formal language in certain contexts within Chinese culture, particularly in academic and professional settings, conveying a sense of established fact or inherent quality.
Memory Tip
Think of ‘具有’ as ‘to be endowed with’ or ‘to be characterized by’. It suggests a deeper, often intrinsic possession of a quality, unlike the simple act of ‘having’ something.
Frequently Asked Questions
4 questions“具有”侧重于内在的、抽象的品质、能力或性质，如“具有价值”、“具有潜力”。“拥有”更侧重于实际的、物质上的占有，强调控制和支配权，如“拥有财产”、“拥有公司”。
可以，但通常是描述物品的某种特性或功能，而不是指占有。例如：“这台机器具有自动清洁功能。”
通常不直接跟动词，后面一般跟名词或名词性短语，表示所拥有的性质、能力、资格等。如果要表达拥有某种能力去做某事，可以说“具有...的能力”。
“具有”属于比较正式的书面语词汇，在口语中相对少用，但在描述客观事实或进行正式表达时也会使用。
Test Yourself
这个计划 __________ 很大的发展潜力。
“具有”在这里表示“拥有”某种内在的特质或潜力，符合语境。
这位科学家 __________ 丰富的研究经验。
“具有”用于描述人所拥有的内在品质或能力，如经验。
重要性 / 这种材料 / 具有 / 极大的 / 科学
“具有”后面接名词性短语“极大的科学重要性”，描述材料的属性。
Score: /3
Summary
“具有” signifies possessing inherent qualities, abilities, or characteristics, often used in formal contexts.
- Possess or be endowed with qualities.
- Used for inherent traits, abilities, or properties.
- Common in formal and written Chinese.
Think 'Endowed With'
When you see '具有', think of something being 'endowed with' a quality or ability, rather than just 'having' it.
Avoid Casual Speech
While '具有' is common, in very casual spoken Chinese, simpler verbs like '有' might be preferred unless you're emphasizing a specific quality.
Formal Expression
Using '具有' often lends a more formal or academic tone to your writing or speech, suitable for reports, essays, or official statements.
Examples
4 of 4他具有敏锐的观察力。
He possesses keen observation skills.
这项研究具有里程碑式的意义。
This research holds milestone significance.
该产品具有耐高温的特性。
The product has the characteristic of being heat-resistant.
作为一名管理者，他具有处理复杂问题的能力。
As a manager, he has the ability to handle complex problems.
Related Content
This Word in Other Languages
Related Vocabulary
To have or possess something necessary or desirable, such as...
能力The physical or mental power or skill needed to do something...
性质The basic or inherent features, character, or qualities of s...
拥有To possess or own something, often referring to something si...
特质Special quality; characteristic.
More general words
一下儿
A1a bit, a moment
点儿
A1a little bit
有点儿
A1a little, somewhat (negative connotation)
一下
A2A bit; a moment (used after a verb).
一点儿
A1a little, a bit
一会儿
A1a moment, a while
一部分
B1part; portion; minority
异样
B1different; unusual; strange
关于
A1about, concerning
快要
A2to be about to (happen)
