칸나다어 형용사: 쉬운 일치 (dodda, hosa)
Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
In Kannada, adjectives stay the same regardless of the noun's gender or number—just place them before the noun!
- Place the adjective directly before the noun: 'dodda mane' (big house).
- Adjectives do not change form for gender or number: 'dodda mane' (big house) and 'dodda mane-galu' (big houses).
- Most adjectives end in '-a' when modifying a noun.
Overview
Meanings
Adjectives in Kannada are used to describe the qualities of nouns. Unlike many European languages, they are invariant.
Qualitative
Describing physical or abstract qualities.
“ಹೊಸ ಪುಸ್ತಕ (hosa pustaka - new book)”
“ಉತ್ತಮ ಹುಡುಗ (uttama huduga - good boy)”
Quantitative
Describing amount or size.
“ಸ್ವಲ್ಪ ನೀರು (swalpa neeru - little water)”
“ತುಂಬಾ ಜನ (tumba jana - many people)”
Demonstrative
Pointing to specific items.
“ಈ ಮನೆ (ee mane - this house)”
“ಆ ಮರ (aa mara - that tree)”
Adjective-Noun Pairing
| Adjective | Noun | Result | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| ದೊಡ್ಡ (dodda) | ಮನೆ (mane) | ದೊಡ್ಡ ಮನೆ | Big house |
| ಹೊಸ (hosa) | ಪುಸ್ತಕ (pustaka) | ಹೊಸ ಪುಸ್ತಕ | New book |
| ಕೆಂಪು (kempu) | ಹೂವು (hoovu) | ಕೆಂಪು ಹೂವು | Red flower |
| ಉತ್ತಮ (uttama) | ಹುಡುಗ (huduga) | ಉತ್ತಮ ಹುಡುಗ | Good boy |
| ಸಣ್ಣ (sanna) | ಪೆನ್ (pen) | ಸಣ್ಣ ಪೆನ್ | Small pen |
| ಚೆಂದದ (chendada) | ಊರು (ooru) | ಚೆಂದದ ಊರು | Beautiful town |
Reference Table
| Adjective | Meaning | Example Usage | English Translation |
|---|---|---|---|
| `dodda` | Big | `dodda mane` | Big house |
| `sanna` | Small/Thin | `sanna magu` | Small child |
| `hosa` | New | `hosa bage` | New bag |
| `haleya` | Old | `haleya car` | Old car |
| `olleyu` | Good | `olleyu kelsa` | Good work |
| `ketta` | Bad | `ketta kanasu` | Bad dream |
| `bisi` | Hot | `bisi neeru` | Hot water |
| `thampu` | Cold | `thampu gaali` | Cold breeze |
격식 수준 스펙트럼
ಈ ಗೃಹವು ವಿಶಾಲವಾಗಿದೆ. (Describing a house)
ಈ ಮನೆ ದೊಡ್ಡದಾಗಿದೆ. (Describing a house)
ಮನೆ ತುಂಬಾ ದೊಡ್ಡದು. (Describing a house)
ಮನೆ ಸಖತ್ ದೊಡ್ಡದು! (Describing a house)
Kannada Adjective Types
Qualities
- olleyu good
- ketta bad
Size
- dodda big
- sanna small
Age
- hosa new
- haleya old
Adjective Agreement Comparison
How to use a Kannada Adjective
Is the word describing a noun?
Is the noun plural or feminine?
Essential A1 Adjectives
Colors
- • kempu (red)
- • kappu (black)
- • bili (white)
Temperature
- • bisi (hot)
- • thampu (cold)
Opinion
- • olleyu (good)
- • ketta (bad)
- • chennagide (it's nice)
Examples by Level
ದೊಡ್ಡ ಮನೆ
Big house
ಹೊಸ ಪುಸ್ತಕ
New book
ಚೆಂದದ ಹೂವು
Beautiful flower
ಕೆಂಪು ಬಣ್ಣ
Red color
ಯಾವ ಹುಡುಗ?
Which boy?
ಸ್ವಲ್ಪ ನೀರು ಕೊಡಿ
Give a little water
ತುಂಬಾ ಜನ ಬಂದರು
Many people came
ಉತ್ತಮ ಕೆಲಸ
Good work
ಮನೆ ದೊಡ್ಡದಾಗಿದೆ
The house is big
ಅವನು ಒಳ್ಳೆಯ ಹುಡುಗ
He is a good boy
ನಾನು ಓದಿದ ಪುಸ್ತಕ
The book I read
ಹಳೆಯ ಕಾಲದ ಕಥೆ
A story from old times
ಅವಳು ತುಂಬಾ ಬುದ್ಧಿವಂತಳು
She is very intelligent
ಇದು ಅತ್ಯಂತ ಸುಂದರವಾದ ಸ್ಥಳ
This is a very beautiful place
ಅವನು ಕಷ್ಟಪಟ್ಟು ಕೆಲಸ ಮಾಡುವ ವ್ಯಕ್ತಿ
He is a person who works hard
ಅಪರೂಪದ ವಸ್ತು
Rare item
ಸಂಸ್ಕೃತಮಯವಾದ ಭಾಷೆ
A language full of Sanskrit
ಅನಿವಾರ್ಯವಾದ ಬದಲಾವಣೆ
Inevitable change
ಅತೀಂದ್ರಿಯ ಅನುಭವ
Transcendental experience
ನಿರಂತರವಾದ ಪ್ರಯತ್ನ
Continuous effort
ಪ್ರಾಚೀನ ಕಾಲದ ಶಾಸನಗಳು
Inscriptions of the ancient era
ಅಪ್ರತಿಮ ಸಾಹಸ
Unparalleled bravery
ಅನಂತವಾದ ಆಕಾಶ
Infinite sky
ಅನಿಶ್ಚಿತವಾದ ಭವಿಷ್ಯ
Uncertain future
Easily Confused
Learners mix up where to put the adjective.
Learners use adjectives to modify verbs.
Learners treat 'ee' (this) like a normal adjective.
자주 하는 실수
ಮನೆ ದೊಡ್ಡ
ದೊಡ್ಡ ಮನೆ
ದೊಡ್ಡಗಳು ಮನೆ
ದೊಡ್ಡ ಮನೆಗಳು
ದೊಡ್ಡದ ಮನೆ
ದೊಡ್ಡ ಮನೆ
ಹೊಸ ಪುಸ್ತಕಗಳು
ಹೊಸ ಪುಸ್ತಕಗಳು
ದೊಡ್ಡ ಮನೆಗಳು
ದೊಡ್ಡ ಮನೆಗಳು
ಯಾವನು ಪುಸ್ತಕ?
ಯಾವ ಪುಸ್ತಕ?
ತುಂಬಾ ದೊಡ್ಡದ ಮನೆ
ತುಂಬಾ ದೊಡ್ಡ ಮನೆ
ಮನೆ ದೊಡ್ಡ
ಮನೆ ದೊಡ್ಡದು
ಅವನು ಒಳ್ಳೆಯ
ಅವನು ಒಳ್ಳೆಯವನು
ನಾನು ಓದಿದ ಪುಸ್ತಕ
ನಾನು ಓದಿದ ಪುಸ್ತಕ
ಅನಿವಾರ್ಯವಾದ ಬದಲಾವಣೆ
ಅನಿವಾರ್ಯವಾದ ಬದಲಾವಣೆ
ಅತೀಂದ್ರಿಯ ಅನುಭವ
ಅತೀಂದ್ರಿಯ ಅನುಭವ
ನಿರಂತರವಾದ ಪ್ರಯತ್ನ
ನಿರಂತರವಾದ ಪ್ರಯತ್ನ
Sentence Patterns
___ ಮನೆ (___ house)
___ ಪುಸ್ತಕಗಳು (___ books)
ಮನೆ ___ (The house is ___)
ಯಾವ ___ ಇಷ್ಟ? (Which ___ do you like?)
Real World Usage
ಬಿಸಿ ಕಾಫಿ ಕೊಡಿ (Give hot coffee)
ಹೊಸ ಫೋಟೋ ನೋಡು (Look at the new photo)
ನಾನು ಉತ್ತಮ ಕೆಲಸಗಾರ (I am a good worker)
ದೊಡ್ಡ ಹೋಟೆಲ್ ಎಲ್ಲಿದೆ? (Where is the big hotel?)
ಚೆಂದದ ದೃಶ್ಯ! (Beautiful scene!)
ರುಚಿಯಾದ ಊಟ (Tasty meal)
The 'No Change' Rule
Position Matters
The -ada Trick
Smart Tips
Use 'tumba' before the adjective.
Use 'uttama' for 'good' in formal settings.
Use 'yaava' to narrow down options.
Don't forget the pronominal suffix.
발음
Adjective endings
Most adjectives end in a short 'a' sound.
Declarative
ದೊಡ್ಡ ಮನೆ. ↘
Falling intonation at the end of a statement.
Memorize It
Mnemonic
Adjectives are like 'Ad-Jacket'—they go on BEFORE the noun, just like a jacket goes on before you go out.
Visual Association
Imagine a giant label maker. You print the word 'BIG' and stick it onto the front of a house. The house doesn't change, only the label is added.
Rhyme
Adjective first, noun follows behind, a simpler rule you will not find!
Story
Once there was a little boy named Ravi. He had a 'new' (hosa) bag. He put his 'big' (dodda) book inside. He walked to his 'beautiful' (chendada) school. Every adjective stayed exactly the same, no matter what he did.
Word Web
챌린지
Look around your room and name 5 items using an adjective + noun structure in Kannada.
문화 노트
Using Sanskrit-derived adjectives is common in formal writing and literature.
Colloquial speech often uses English loanwords as adjectives.
Native Kannada adjectives are preferred over Sanskrit ones.
Kannada adjectives are largely native Dravidian, though many formal adjectives are borrowed from Sanskrit.
Conversation Starters
ನಿಮ್ಮ ಮನೆ ಹೇಗಿದೆ? (How is your house?)
ನಿಮಗೆ ಯಾವ ಪುಸ್ತಕ ಇಷ್ಟ? (Which book do you like?)
ನಿಮ್ಮ ಕೆಲಸ ಹೇಗಿದೆ? (How is your work?)
ನೀವು ಯಾವ ರೀತಿಯ ವ್ಯಕ್ತಿ? (What kind of person are you?)
Journal Prompts
Test Yourself
___ car.
Find and fix the mistake:
Doddagaḷu manegaḷu.
Match each item on the left with its pair on the right:
Score: /3
연습 문제
8 exercises___ ಮನೆ (Big house)
Which is correct?
Find and fix the mistake:
ಹೊಸಗಳು ಪುಸ್ತಕ
ಮನೆ / ದೊಡ್ಡ / ಈ
New book
ದೊಡ್ಡ - ಸಣ್ಣ - ಹೊಸ
Use 'ಚೆಂದದ' and 'ಹೂವು'.
ದೊಡ್ಡ ಮನೆ
Score: /8
Practice Bank
10 exercises___ kelsa.
ide / mane / sanna / idu
Red flower
Select the correct phrase:
Nanage hosadu bike beku.
Match the pairs:
Idu ___ dina.
Pick the right one:
Old car
manushya / avanu / ketta
Score: /10
자주 묻는 질문 (8)
No, Kannada adjectives are invariant.
Always before the noun.
Yes, use 'yaava' (which).
You likely added a suffix to the adjective.
Use 'tumba' (very) + 'dodda' (big).
Very few; most follow the invariant rule.
Yes, the basic rule is universal.
Formal Kannada uses more Sanskrit-derived adjectives.
In Other Languages
Adjective agreement
Kannada adjectives are invariant.
Adjective agreement
Kannada adjectives are invariant.
Adjective declension
Kannada adjectives are invariant.
i-adjectives and na-adjectives
Kannada adjectives don't conjugate.
Adjective agreement
Kannada adjectives are invariant.
de-particle
Kannada doesn't use a linking particle.
