'杜绝' implies a zero-tolerance approach to root out negative occurrences entirely from the source.
Word in 30 Seconds
- Completely eliminate or prevent bad habits or risks.
- Stronger and more absolute than 'prevent'.
- Used primarily in formal, regulatory, or safety contexts.
Overview
- 1概述：'杜绝'是一个语义程度较重的动词，意为‘堵塞、断绝’。它不仅要求停止某种行为，更强调通过某种手段或制度，使负面事物完全消失或无法产生。2) 使用习惯：该词通常带有强制性和严肃性。在句子中常作谓语，后面紧跟需要消除的负面抽象名词。3) 常见语境：多用于正式公文、法律法规、安全生产要求、道德准则以及企事业单位的管理规定中。例如，在安全生产中，‘杜绝隐患’是最高要求。4) 同义词辨析：'杜绝'与'防止'不同，'防止'侧重于预先防备，不一定能完全消除；而'杜绝'则要求百分之百的消除。与'禁止'相比，'禁止'是法律或规章的条文规定（不准做），而'杜绝'往往是行动的目标和结果（彻底没有）。
Examples
我们要杜绝浪费粮食的现象。
everydayWe must put an end to the phenomenon of wasting food.
政府采取严厉措施，坚决杜绝此类事故再次发生。
formalThe government took strict measures to resolutely prevent such accidents from happening again.
你得杜绝这种迟到的坏习惯。
informalYou need to stop this bad habit of being late.
建立完善的审计制度是杜绝贪污的有效手段。
academicEstablishing a sound auditing system is an effective means to eliminate corruption.
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
杜绝后患
to eliminate future trouble
杜绝虚假
to eliminate falsehoods
Often Confused With
'防止' (prevent) means to take precautions to keep something from happening, while '杜绝' means to ensure it never happens again by cutting it off at the source.
'禁止' (prohibit/forbid) refers to a rule or law that says something is not allowed, whereas '杜绝' refers to the actual eradication of the behavior.
Grammar Patterns
How to Use It
Usage Notes
The word '杜绝' carries a very high level of formality. It is almost exclusively used when discussing rules, ethics, safety, or systemic issues. It suggests a zero-tolerance policy and is often preceded by adverbs like '坚决' (resolutely) or '必须' (must).
Common Mistakes
The most common mistake for learners is using '杜绝' with positive nouns (e.g., '杜绝进步' is wrong) or using it for minor, one-time personal mistakes where '避免' (avoid) or '停止' (stop) would be more natural.
Tips
Use with Negative Abstract Nouns
Always pair '杜绝' with abstract nouns representing problems, risks, or bad behaviors.
Avoid Casual Contexts
Using '杜绝' when asking a friend to stop a small habit might sound overly dramatic or robotic.
Slogan Culture in China
You will frequently see '杜绝' on red banners or safety posters in Chinese factories and schools.
Word Origin
'杜' originally referred to a type of pear tree, but later came to mean 'to block' or 'to shut'. '绝' means 'to cut off' or 'to end'. Together they mean to block and cut off completely.
Cultural Context
In Chinese administrative and workplace culture, '杜绝' is a key term in 'Safety First' campaigns. It reflects a top-down approach to management where total elimination of risks is the stated goal.
Memory Tip
Think of '杜' (dù) as 'blocking a door' and '绝' (jué) as 'absolute/extinct'. To '杜绝' is to absolutely block the door so the bad thing can never enter.
Frequently Asked Questions
4 questions不可以。“杜绝”的对象必须是负面的、不好的事物，如“浪费”、“腐败”、“事故”等。
“防止”是预先采取措施以免发生，可能还会发生；“杜绝”则是彻底断绝，要求结果是零发生。
在日常随意聊天中较少使用，显得过于正式。但在正式会议、通知或工作报告中非常常见。
最常见的包括“杜绝浪费”、“杜绝后患”、“杜绝类似事件再次发生”。
Test Yourself
为了保证食品安全，学校食堂必须____使用过期食材。
在食品安全这种严肃语境下，要求彻底消除隐患，用“杜绝”最准确。
找出用法错误的一项：
“杜绝”后面不能接正面、积极的事物，如“身体健康”。
必须 / 隐患 / 安全 / 杜绝 / 生产中的
“杜绝”可以作为谓语放在宾语前，也可以在被动语态或强调句中作为核心动作。
Score: /3
Summary
'杜绝' implies a zero-tolerance approach to root out negative occurrences entirely from the source.
- Completely eliminate or prevent bad habits or risks.
- Stronger and more absolute than 'prevent'.
- Used primarily in formal, regulatory, or safety contexts.
Use with Negative Abstract Nouns
Always pair '杜绝' with abstract nouns representing problems, risks, or bad behaviors.
Avoid Casual Contexts
Using '杜绝' when asking a friend to stop a small habit might sound overly dramatic or robotic.
Slogan Culture in China
You will frequently see '杜绝' on red banners or safety posters in Chinese factories and schools.
Examples
4 of 4我们要杜绝浪费粮食的现象。
We must put an end to the phenomenon of wasting food.
政府采取严厉措施，坚决杜绝此类事故再次发生。
The government took strict measures to resolutely prevent such accidents from happening again.
你得杜绝这种迟到的坏习惯。
You need to stop this bad habit of being late.
建立完善的审计制度是杜绝贪污的有效手段。
Establishing a sound auditing system is an effective means to eliminate corruption.
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More general words
一下儿
A1a bit, a moment
点儿
A1a little bit
有点儿
A1a little, somewhat (negative connotation)
一下
A2A bit; a moment (used after a verb).
异样
B1different; unusual; strange
关于
A1about, concerning
快要
A2to be about to (happen)
大约
B1Used to show that a number or amount is not exact; approximately.
上边
A2above, on top
上面
A1on, above, over
