Duty is the specific set of tasks and responsibilities assigned to a person's role.
Word in 30 Seconds
- Refers to duties assigned to a specific job or role.
- Implies both legal and moral obligations to perform tasks.
- Commonly used in formal professional and workplace environments.
常见语境：该词多见于职场、法律文件、政府公文或正式的道德讨论中。在日常生活中，如果一个人在工作中表现出色，我们常说他“尽职尽责”。
- 1同义词辨析：与“任务”相比，“职责”更强调身份和义务，即“因为我是这个角色，所以我必须做”；而“任务”则侧重于具体的动作目标。与“责任”相比，“职责”更具体化，通常指岗位职责，而“责任”范围更广，可指抽象的道德重担。
Examples
这是我的职责，我必须做好。
everydayThis is my duty, and I must do it well.
员工应严格履行岗位职责。
formalEmployees should strictly fulfill their job responsibilities.
别管那么多，那不是你的职责。
informalDon't worry about that; it's not your business.
教师的职责在于教书育人。
academicThe duty of a teacher lies in educating students.
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
明确职责
clarify responsibilities
玩忽职守
dereliction of duty
职责所在
as a matter of duty
Often Confused With
Task is a specific, often temporary assignment. Duty is a long-term obligation tied to a position.
Responsibility is broader and can be moral or personal. Duty is usually formal and institutional.
Grammar Patterns
How to Use It
Usage Notes
The word '职责' is formal and carries a sense of weight. It is most frequently used in professional, legal, or institutional contexts. In casual conversation, people might use '工作' or '责任' instead.
Common Mistakes
Learners often use '职责' for small, daily tasks like 'buying groceries'. It is better to reserve this word for significant roles and obligations. Also, ensure the verb '履行' is used for a more natural collocation.
Tips
Focus on the role context
Always associate '职责' with a specific role, such as a teacher, doctor, or employee. It describes what you must do because of who you are.
Do not confuse with general tasks
Don't use '职责' for minor, temporary errands. Use it for core responsibilities that define your position.
Emphasis on professional ethics
In Chinese culture, '尽职' is highly valued as a moral trait, reflecting one's character and dedication to society or family.
Word Origin
Derived from the characters 职 (position/job) and 责 (responsibility/debt). Historically, it combines the concept of administrative status with the moral weight of duty.
Cultural Context
In Chinese culture, '职责' is closely linked to the concept of 'Fen' (分), meaning one's allotted role. Fulfilling one's duty is seen as the primary way to maintain social harmony.
Memory Tip
Think of '职' as 'position' (职位) and '责' as 'responsibility' (责任). Combined, it is the responsibility that comes with your position.
Frequently Asked Questions
4 questions“职责”侧重于岗位赋予的长期义务，是身份的一部分；“任务”通常指短期内需要完成的具体事项。
可以，但在口语中人们更倾向于说“工作”或“责任”。“职责”在书面语或正式场合中使用频率更高。
可以使用“尽职尽责”这个成语，它表示一个人完美地完成了自己的职责。
最常用的是“履行”，即“履行职责”。也可以用“承担”、“明确”或“忽视”。
Test Yourself
作为一名警察，保护公民安全是他的___。
保护安全是警察岗位要求的义务，因此用职责。
___职责
“履行”是与职责搭配的固定动词短语。
职责 / 他 / 履行 / 认真 / 的 / 了
副词“认真”修饰动词“履行”。
Score: /3
Summary
Duty is the specific set of tasks and responsibilities assigned to a person's role.
- Refers to duties assigned to a specific job or role.
- Implies both legal and moral obligations to perform tasks.
- Commonly used in formal professional and workplace environments.
Focus on the role context
Always associate '职责' with a specific role, such as a teacher, doctor, or employee. It describes what you must do because of who you are.
Do not confuse with general tasks
Don't use '职责' for minor, temporary errands. Use it for core responsibilities that define your position.
Emphasis on professional ethics
In Chinese culture, '尽职' is highly valued as a moral trait, reflecting one's character and dedication to society or family.
Examples
4 of 4这是我的职责，我必须做好。
This is my duty, and I must do it well.
员工应严格履行岗位职责。
Employees should strictly fulfill their job responsibilities.
别管那么多，那不是你的职责。
Don't worry about that; it's not your business.
教师的职责在于教书育人。
The duty of a teacher lies in educating students.
Related Content
This Word in Other Languages
Related Vocabulary
More work words
充裕的
B2Abundant, ample, or sufficient in quantity.
事故
A2accident; mishap
依照
A2According to; in accordance with.
准确地
A2accurately, precisely
做到
A2to achieve; to accomplish
积极地
A2actively; enthusiastically
应变
B2Adaptive; capable of dealing with emergencies.
行政
A2Administration; the management of affairs.
过后
A2Afterwards; at a later or subsequent time.
赞同
A2To approve of, to endorse; to agree with or support.
