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B2 noun 13 min read

借以

jie yi

Practice it Examples Notes & Tips 借以 in 30 Seconds

Explanation 借以 in your Level:

At the A1 level, '借以' (jièyǐ) is far too complex to use, but the concept of 'doing something to get something else' is fundamental. At this stage, you learn '为了' (wèile) or simply use two verbs together. For example, '我学习中文，我要去中国' (I study Chinese, I want to go to China). '借以' is like a very fancy version of this logic. Imagine you have a simple bridge made of wood (A1) versus a massive steel bridge with lights and complex engineering (B2/C1). '借以' is that steel bridge. Even though you won't use it yet, understanding that Chinese has special words for 'purpose' in formal writing will help you later. For now, just remember that in Chinese, we often put the 'what we do' first and the 'why we do it' second.

By A2, you are starting to use '为了' (wèile) more frequently to express purpose. You might say, '为了身体好，我运动' (In order to be healthy, I exercise). '借以' (jièyǐ) is a word you might encounter in a very formal reading passage, but you don't need to speak it. The key difference you can start to notice is that '为了' is very flexible—it can go at the start or in the middle. '借以' is much stricter; it's like a specialized tool that only fits in one place: after a comma, following an action. If you see '借以' in a book, just think of it as a very polite and formal way of saying 'so that I can.' It shows that the person doing the action is being very serious and careful about their goals.

At the B1 level, you are moving into more complex sentence structures. You are likely comfortable with '为了' and '以便' (yǐbiàn). '借以' (jièyǐ) is the next step up. It's time to recognize it in news articles and more formal texts. You might notice it in sentences like '他多看书，借以增加知识' (He reads more books so as to increase knowledge). At this level, you should focus on the word's structure: [Action], 借以 [Goal]. Notice how it sounds more 'professional' than '为了'. If you are writing a formal email to a teacher or a boss, using '借以' instead of '为了' can make your writing look much more advanced. It shows you understand the 'register' of the language—meaning you know when to be formal and when to be casual.

B2 is the target level for mastering '借以' (jièyǐ). You should now be able to use it actively in your writing. At this stage, you are expected to write essays and give presentations on complex topics like the environment, the economy, or social issues. '借以' is perfect for these topics. For instance, when discussing environmental policy, you might write, '政府限制塑料袋的使用，借以减少环境污染' (The government limits the use of plastic bags so as to reduce environmental pollution). You should also be able to distinguish '借以' from its synonyms like '用以' or '以此'. Remember, '借以' emphasizes the action as a strategic means. It's about intentionality. If you use it correctly at this level, it signals to native speakers that you have reached a high level of literacy in Chinese.

At the C1 level, '借以' (jièyǐ) should be a natural part of your formal vocabulary. You should use it not just correctly, but with stylistic flair. You might use it to describe subtle motivations or complex institutional strategies. For example, '该文人墨客常借以山水，抒发胸中之志' (The scholars often used landscapes as a means to express their inner ambitions). At this level, you understand the classical roots of the word—how '借' (to leverage) and '以' (to use) combine to create a sense of 'leveraging an action for a purpose.' You should also be able to identify when '借以' is being used ironically or to describe someone making an excuse (借口). Your ability to use '借以' in a variety of formal contexts—legal, academic, and literary—is a hallmark of your near-native proficiency.

For C2 learners, '借以' (jièyǐ) is a basic building block of sophisticated discourse. You can use it to construct long, elegant sentences that mirror the style of top-tier Chinese editorials or classical-modern hybrid prose. You might explore its use in historical analysis: '秦始皇统一文字，借以加强中央集权' (Qin Shi Huang unified the script so as to strengthen centralized power). At this level, you also appreciate the rhythmic balance it brings to a sentence. Because '借以' is a disyllabic (two-character) word, it often pairs well with other disyllabic verbs, creating a pleasing '2-2' or '2-4' rhythm that is highly valued in Chinese aesthetics. You can also spot the difference between '借以' and even more obscure classical equivalents, choosing the exact word that fits the historical or modern tone of your discourse.

Practice it Examples Notes & Tips

借以 in 30 Seconds

借以 (jièyǐ) is a formal conjunction meaning 'so as to' or 'in order to.' It links an action to its intended purpose.
It is primarily used in written Chinese, such as news, academic papers, and literature, rather than casual conversation.
Structurally, it follows a comma and the action it refers to; it cannot start a sentence like '为了' (wèile) can.
Using '借以' demonstrates a high level of Chinese proficiency and adds a tone of strategic intent and professional elegance.

The Chinese term 借以 (jièyǐ) is a sophisticated conjunction and preposition primarily used in formal, written, or literary contexts. Its core meaning translates to 'so as to,' 'in order to,' or 'by which to.' At its heart, it functions as a bridge between a specific action or means and the ultimate goal or purpose that action is intended to achieve. Unlike the more common '为了' (wèile), which can appear at the beginning of a sentence, 借以 almost always follows a comma, connecting a preceding clause that describes a method to a succeeding clause that describes the intended result.

Etymological Breakdown: The character '借' (jiè) typically means to borrow or to make use of, while '以' (yǐ) is a classical Chinese particle often meaning 'by means of' or 'to.' Together, they literally mean 'to use [the aforementioned action] as a means to...'

In modern Mandarin, this word is a hallmark of the CEFR B2 and C1 levels, signaling a transition from basic conversational skills to professional and academic proficiency. It is frequently employed in news editorials, legal documents, academic papers, and high-level business reports. When you use 借以, you are not just stating a purpose; you are emphasizing the strategic connection between your actions and your objectives.

政府采取了新的经济政策，借以刺激消费并稳定市场。(The government adopted new economic policies so as to stimulate consumption and stabilize the market.)

Consider the nuance: if you use '为了,' the focus is purely on the 'why.' If you use 借以, you are highlighting the 'how' as the vehicle for the 'why.' This makes the word indispensable for logical argumentation and professional communication. It suggests a level of intentionality and planning that simpler conjunctions might miss.

Register and Tone: This word is highly formal. Using it in a casual conversation with friends might sound overly stiff or even pretentious. However, in a job interview or a formal presentation, it demonstrates a high command of the Chinese language.

他经常参加志愿者活动，借以积累社会经验。(He often participates in volunteer activities as a means to accumulate social experience.)

Furthermore, 借以 is often found in contexts involving diplomacy or institutional changes. For instance, a company might restructure its departments '借以' (so as to) increase efficiency. A country might sign a treaty '借以' (by which to) ensure regional peace. The word carries a weight of authority and deliberate action.

科学家们正在进行多项实验，借以验证这一新的理论。(Scientists are conducting several experiments so as to verify this new theory.)

In summary, 借以 is your tool for expressing complex relationships between methods and goals. It elevates your writing from simple narrative to sophisticated analysis. By mastering its use, you unlock the ability to describe strategic intent with precision and elegance.

Contextual Usage: Commonly paired with verbs like 提高 (improve), 增加 (increase), 促进 (promote), and 达到 (achieve). It serves as the connective tissue in sentences where the action is the instrument of the outcome.

公司通过了员工培训计划，借以提升整体服务质量。(The company passed an employee training plan so as to enhance the overall service quality.)

作家在书中运用了大量的隐喻，借以表达对社会的批判。(The author used many metaphors in the book as a means to express criticism of society.)

Using 借以 (jièyǐ) correctly requires an understanding of its syntactic constraints and its semantic function. As a formal conjunction, its primary role is to link two parts of a sentence where the first part is the 'means' (手段) and the second part is the 'end' (目的). Mastering this structure is key to sounding like a native speaker in formal settings.

Sentence Structure: [Action/Method] + , + 借以 + [Purpose/Result]. Note that the comma is almost always present, as '借以' introduces a subordinate clause of purpose.

One of the most important rules is that 借以 cannot be used at the very beginning of a sentence. Unlike '为了' (In order to...), which can start a sentence (e.g., '为了健康，我每天跑步'), 借以 must follow the action it refers to. You cannot say '借以健康，我每天跑步.' Instead, you would say '我每天跑步，借以保持健康' (I run every day so as to maintain health).

他查阅了大量的历史文献，借以寻找那个失踪城市的线索。(He consulted a large number of historical documents so as to find clues about that lost city.)

Another key aspect is the logical flow. The action in the first clause must be a plausible way to achieve the goal in the second clause. 借以 implies a deliberate, instrumental relationship. It is often used when the purpose is somewhat abstract or long-term, such as 'expanding influence,' 'improving quality,' or 'expressing an emotion.'

Common Verb Pairings: 借以 + 达到 (achieve), 借以 + 提高 (improve), 借以 + 说明 (explain), 借以 + 掩盖 (cover up), 借以 + 吸引 (attract).

In academic writing, 借以 is used to explain the methodology. For instance, '本文采用了对比分析法，借以探讨两者的异同' (This paper adopts a comparative analysis method so as to explore the similarities and differences between the two). Here, the choice of '借以' signals to the reader that the methodology was chosen specifically for this purpose.

许多企业通过赞助体育赛事，借以提升品牌的知名度。(Many enterprises sponsor sports events as a means to enhance brand awareness.)

Furthermore, 借以 can sometimes be used to describe an excuse or a pretext, though '借口' is the specific noun for that. When used this way, it implies that the first action is a front for a secondary motive. For example, '他送礼物给她，借以表达他的歉意' (He gave her a gift so as to express his apology). In this case, the gift is the 'means' and the expression of apology is the 'purpose.'

他在演说中引用了古人的名言，借以增强说服力。(He quoted ancient famous sayings in his speech so as to strengthen his persuasiveness.)

Finally, notice the rhythm of the sentence. Because 借以 is a two-character word that sounds quite formal, it usually balances best with other multi-character formal verbs. Avoid pairing it with very short, slangy, or overly casual phrases. The goal is to maintain a consistent 'level' of language throughout the sentence.

Comparison with '以便': '以便' (yǐbiàn) also means 'so that,' but it is more focused on providing convenience or making something easier. '借以' is more focused on the action as a tool or instrument.

艺术家在画作中使用了鲜艳的色彩，借以表现生命的活力。(The artist used bright colors in the painting as a means to express the vitality of life.)

In the daily life of a Chinese city, you might not hear 借以 (jièyǐ) while buying vegetables at the market or chatting with friends at a cafe. However, as soon as you step into a university lecture hall, open a national newspaper, or attend a corporate board meeting, this word becomes ubiquitous. It is a 'prestige' word that populates the upper echelons of Chinese discourse.

In News and Media: Journalists use '借以' to explain the strategic moves of political figures or corporations. You will often see it in headlines like '某公司发布新产品，借以抢占市场份额' (A certain company releases a new product so as to seize market share).

If you watch CCTV (China Central Television) news, specifically the 'Xinwen Lianbo' program, you will hear 借以 used to describe government initiatives. For example, a report might say that a new environmental regulation was introduced '借以' (so as to) promote sustainable development. It provides a logical framework for state actions, making them sound planned and purposeful.

他在信中表达了诚挚的谢意，借以加深两人的友谊。(He expressed sincere gratitude in the letter so as to deepen the friendship between the two.)

In the world of literature and high-end essays, 借以 is a favorite of authors who want to describe the inner motivations of their characters or the symbolic meaning of certain objects. A novelist might describe a character looking at an old photograph '借以' (as a means to) recall a lost love. In this context, the word adds a layer of poetic intentionality.

Academic and Professional Settings: In a business presentation, using '借以' shows that you have a clear strategy. '我们决定扩大海外市场，借以分散经营风险' (We decided to expand into overseas markets so as to diversify business risks). It sounds much more professional than using '为了'.

该组织举办了慈善晚宴，借以筹集善款帮助贫困儿童。(The organization held a charity dinner so as to raise funds to help poor children.)

Furthermore, in legal contexts, 借以 is used to define the intent of a law or a contract clause. A contract might state that certain security measures are implemented '借以' (by which to) protect intellectual property. Because legal language requires absolute clarity regarding intent, this word is a natural fit.

他故意隐瞒了真相，借以达到他不可告人的目的。(He deliberately concealed the truth as a means to achieve his ulterior motives.)

Even in modern digital media, long-form articles on platforms like WeChat (Public Accounts) or Zhihu (the Chinese equivalent of Quora) use 借以 to maintain a serious and analytical tone. If you are reading a deep-dive analysis of a movie or a historical event, you are almost certain to encounter it.

导演在电影中使用了黑白影调，借以营造一种怀旧的氛围。(The director used black and white tones in the film so as to create a nostalgic atmosphere.)

While 借以 (jièyǐ) is a powerful linguistic tool, it is also a common source of errors for intermediate and advanced learners. Because it has a very specific 'flavor' and grammatical role, using it like a generic 'to' or 'for' can lead to sentences that sound awkward or are grammatically incorrect.

Mistake 1: Starting a Sentence with '借以': As mentioned before, '借以' is a conjunction that connects a previous action to a goal. It cannot stand alone at the start of a sentence. Incorrect: '借以提高成绩，他努力学习。' Correct: '他努力学习，借以提高成绩。'

This mistake often stems from translating directly from English 'In order to...' or 'To...'. In English, you can start a sentence with the purpose. In Chinese, if you want to start with the purpose, you must use '为了' (wèile). 借以 is strictly for the 'Action + Purpose' sequence.

错误：借以节省时间，我们坐飞机去。 (Incorrect)
正确：我们坐飞机去，借以节省时间。(Correct)

Mistake 2: Register Mismatch: Using '借以' in a very casual context. For example, '我买了个汉堡，借以填饱肚子' (I bought a burger so as to fill my stomach). While grammatically correct, it sounds ridiculously formal for such a mundane action. Use '好' (hǎo) or '为了' instead.

Learners often get excited about using new, advanced vocabulary, but '借以' should be reserved for significant actions and goals. Think of it like wearing a tuxedo to a backyard barbecue—it's technically 'correct' clothing, but it feels out of place.

Mistake 3: Redundancy with '为了': Some learners try to use both '为了' and '借以' in the same sentence, thinking it adds emphasis. Incorrect: '他为了想赚钱，借以去打工。' This is redundant because both words serve the same logical function. Choose one.

错误：他为了提高英语水平，借以每天听广播。 (Incorrect)
正确：他每天听广播，借以提高英语水平。(Correct)

Finally, ensure that the second part of the sentence is actually a purpose or a result. Sometimes learners use 借以 to connect two unrelated events just because they happen sequentially. Remember: the first part must be the *means* to the second part's *end*.

Mistake 4: Confusing '借以' with '以此': '以此' (yǐcǐ) means 'with this' or 'based on this.' While similar, '以此' often refers back to a specific fact or piece of evidence, whereas '借以' refers back to an action taken as a method.

他每天早起锻炼，借以增强体质。 (Correct usage: Method -> Goal)

In the rich tapestry of the Chinese language, there are several words that share a semantic space with 借以 (jièyǐ). Understanding the subtle differences between these synonyms will help you choose the most precise word for any given context, whether you are writing a formal essay or preparing a business proposal.

借以 (jièyǐ) vs. 用以 (yòngyǐ): '用以' is the closest synonym. Both mean 'so as to' or 'with which to.' However, '用以' is slightly more literal and focuses on the physical or direct use of an object or method. '借以' often carries a more strategic or abstract nuance, implying that the action is being 'borrowed' or leveraged for a specific purpose.

Example: '他买了一把伞，用以遮雨' (He bought an umbrella to use for blocking the rain). Here, '用以' is perfect because the umbrella is a physical tool. In contrast, '他发表了演讲，借以阐明自己的立场' (He gave a speech so as to clarify his position) uses '借以' because the speech is a strategic action to achieve a conceptual goal.

他通过阅读经典，借以提升自己的修养。(He reads classics as a means to improve his personal cultivation.)

借以 (jièyǐ) vs. 以便 (yǐbiàn): '以便' means 'so that' or 'in order to make it convenient to.' It is used when the first action creates a condition that makes the second action easier. '借以' is more about the first action being the direct instrument of the second.

Example: '请留下您的电话，以便我们联系您' (Please leave your phone number so that it's convenient for us to contact you). You wouldn't use '借以' here because leaving a number is a condition for contact, not a strategic 'lever' in the same sense.

借以 (jièyǐ) vs. 为了 (wèile): '为了' is the general-purpose 'in order to.' It is much more common and can be used in almost any register. '借以' is a formal, literary subset of '为了.' Crucially, '为了' can start a sentence, but '借以' cannot.

Example: '为了环保，我们要减少塑料的使用' (For environmental protection, we must reduce plastic use). Here, '为了' is at the start. If you want to use '借以,' you must rephrase: '我们要减少塑料的使用，借以保护环境.'

企业投入大量研发资金，借以保持技术领先。(The enterprise invests heavily in R&D so as to maintain its technological lead.)

借以 (jièyǐ) vs. 以此 (yǐcǐ): '以此' means 'by this' or 'with this.' It is often used to refer back to a specific point or fact mentioned previously. '借以' is more focused on the *purpose* of the action itself.

Example: '他出示了证据，以此证明他的清白' (He produced evidence, using this to prove his innocence). Here, '以此' refers to the evidence itself. If you said '他出示了证据，借以证明他的清白,' the focus shifts slightly to the *act* of producing the evidence as the means to the end.

他引用了大量数据，借以支持他的论点。(He cited a large amount of data so as to support his argument.)

How Formal Is It?

Fun Fact

In ancient texts, '借' and '藉' were often used interchangeably in this context, leading to the variant '藉以,' which is still occasionally seen today.

Pronunciation Guide

UK /tʃiɛ̂ ì/

US /dʒjeɪ i/

The primary stress is on the first syllable 'jiè'.

Rhymes With

烈以 (lièyǐ) 切以 (qièyǐ) 帖以 (tièyǐ) 解以 (jiěyǐ) 界以 (jièyǐ - homophone) 写以 (xiěyǐ) 铁以 (tiěyǐ) 叶以 (yèyǐ)

Common Errors

Pronouncing 'jiè' as 'jì' (missing the 'e').
Pronouncing 'yǐ' as 'yī' (first tone instead of third).
Confusing the 'j' sound with 'zh'.
Merging the two syllables into one blurred sound.
Over-stressing the 'yǐ', making it sound unnatural.

Difficulty Rating

Reading 4/5

Common in newspapers and books, but requires understanding of formal structure.

Writing 5/5

Difficult to use naturally without sounding overly stiff or misplaced.

Speaking 5/5

Rarely used in speech; using it requires high context awareness.

Listening 4/5

Recognizable in news broadcasts and formal speeches.

What to Learn Next

Prerequisites

为了因为以后使用借

Learn Next

旨在以此用以鉴于从而

Advanced

藉以 (variant) 以资 (for the purpose of...) 以期 (in the hope of...)

Grammar to Know

Purposive Clauses

Action + , + Conjunction (借以/以便) + Purpose.

Formal vs Informal Conjunctions

为了 (Informal/Neutral) vs 借以 (Formal).

Comma usage with Conjunctions

Always place a comma before '借以' to separate the method from the aim.

Null Subject in Purpose Clauses

The subject of the '借以' clause is usually the same as the main clause.

Pair '借以' with disyllabic formal verbs like '提高' or '促进'.

Examples by Level

他看书，借以学习。

He reads books so as to learn.

Simple Action + 借以 + Simple Goal.

我喝水，借以解渴。

I drink water so as to quench my thirst.

A1 logic using B2 vocabulary.

她跑步，借以健康。

She runs so as to be healthy.

Focus on the 'Means to an End' structure.

老师说话，借以教学生。

The teacher speaks so as to teach students.

Subject + Verb + 借以 + Verb.

我写字，借以练习。

I write characters so as to practice.

Action + 借以 + Purpose.

他笑，借以表示开心。

He smiles so as to show he is happy.

Abstract purpose: 'showing happiness'.

我们开会，借以讨论问题。

We have a meeting so as to discuss problems.

Formal action + 借以 + Formal goal.

爸爸工作，借以赚钱。

Dad works so as to earn money.

Everyday action described formally.

他常去图书馆，借以查资料。

He often goes to the library so as to look up information.

Using '借以' to connect a location to a purpose.

她努力工作，借以得到提拔。

She works hard so as to get a promotion.

Career-oriented goal.

我们多吃蔬菜，借以保持健康。

We eat more vegetables so as to maintain health.

Health-related purpose.

他给朋友写信，借以表达思念。

He wrote a letter to his friend so as to express how much he misses them.

Expressive purpose.

公司降低价格，借以吸引顾客。

The company lowered prices so as to attract customers.

Business context.

他每天听录音，借以提高听力。

He listens to recordings every day so as to improve his listening skills.

Skill-building context.

她买了一束花，借以装点房间。

She bought a bouquet of flowers so as to decorate the room.

Aesthetic purpose.

他们举行晚会，借以庆祝节日。

They held a party so as to celebrate the festival.

Social purpose.

他引用了名人的话，借以支持自己的观点。

He quoted a famous person so as to support his own viewpoint.

Intellectual argumentation.

政府颁布了新法令，借以保护野生动物。

The government issued a new decree so as to protect wildlife.

Policy and law context.

他故意迟到，借以引起大家的注意。

He was late on purpose so as to get everyone's attention.

Social strategy (negative nuance).

科学家进行实验，借以验证他的假设。

The scientist conducted experiments so as to verify his hypothesis.

Scientific methodology.

他通过深呼吸，借以缓解紧张的情绪。

He took deep breaths so as to relieve his nervous feelings.

Psychological/Physical management.

企业加大广告投入，借以提高品牌知名度。

The enterprise increased advertising investment so as to raise brand awareness.

Economic strategy.

他常参加社交活动，借以扩大交际圈。

He often participates in social activities so as to expand his social circle.

Personal development.

作家使用了大量的比喻，借以增强文章的感染力。

The author used many metaphors so as to enhance the appeal of the article.

Literary analysis.

该机构开展了多项调研，借以评估政策的实施效果。

The agency carried out several surveys so as to evaluate the implementation effects of the policy.

Formal evaluation context.

他试图通过改变发型，借以转换自己的心情。

He tried to change his hairstyle so as to change his mood.

Psychological nuance.

公司决定裁员，借以降低运营成本。

The company decided to lay off employees so as to reduce operating costs.

Corporate restructuring.

他在演讲中穿插了幽默的段子，借以活跃现场气氛。

He interspersed humorous jokes in his speech so as to liven up the atmosphere.

Rhetorical strategy.

学校组织了这次交流活动，借以增进学生之间的友谊。

The school organized this exchange activity so as to enhance the friendship between students.

Institutional goal.

他总是随身带着笔记本，借以随时记录灵感。

He always carries a notebook with him so as to record inspiration at any time.

Habitual action for a purpose.

政府通过税收优惠政策，借以鼓励小微企业发展。

The government uses tax incentive policies so as to encourage the development of small and micro enterprises.

Economic policy.

她刻意避开那个话题，借以避免不必要的争吵。

She deliberately avoided that topic so as to avoid unnecessary arguments.

Interpersonal strategy.

他在作品中融入了古典元素，借以向传统文化致敬。

He integrated classical elements into his work so as to pay tribute to traditional culture.

Artistic and cultural nuance.

该国通过外交途径，借以缓和紧张的国际局势。

The country used diplomatic channels so as to ease the tense international situation.

Diplomatic and political context.

他以沉默作为武器，借以对抗那些不公的指责。

He used silence as a weapon so as to fight against those unjust accusations.

Metaphorical use of 'means'.

学者们通过对比不同版本的经文，借以考证其真实性。

Scholars compare different versions of scriptures so as to verify their authenticity.

Academic research.

他利用这次出差的机会，借以考察当地的投资环境。

He took advantage of this business trip so as to investigate the local investment environment.

Strategic opportunity.

导演在片尾留下了悬念，借以引发观众的深思。

The director left a suspenseful ending so as to trigger the audience's deep reflection.

Creative intent.

他在信中运用了委婉的措辞，借以传达拒绝的意思。

He used euphemistic language in the letter so as to convey the meaning of refusal.

Linguistic strategy.

该项目引进了先进技术，借以提升产业的核心竞争力。

The project introduced advanced technology so as to enhance the core competitiveness of the industry.

Industrial development.

他假托古人之名发表政见，借以规避政治风险。

He used the names of ancients as a pretext to publish political views, so as to evade political risks.

Historical/Literary strategy.

此番改革旨在打破利益藩篱，借以重塑社会公平正义。

This reform aims to break down interest barriers so as to reshape social fairness and justice.

High-level political discourse.

哲学家通过逻辑推演，借以探寻宇宙的终极真理。

Philosophers use logical deduction so as to seek the ultimate truth of the universe.

Philosophical inquiry.

他试图在繁杂的数据中寻找规律，借以预测未来的市场走向。

He tried to find patterns in the complex data so as to predict future market trends.

Complex analytical context.

该建筑巧妙地利用了光影变化，借以营造出神圣的氛围。

The building cleverly uses changes in light and shadow so as to create a sacred atmosphere.

Architectural aesthetics.

他深居简出，借以躲避世俗的纷扰与诱惑。

He lives in seclusion so as to avoid the distractions and temptations of the world.

Lifestyle choice for a purpose.

这种修辞手法在赋中极为常见，借以极力铺陈事物的华美。

This rhetorical device is very common in 'Fu' poetry, used to elaborately display the magnificence of things.

Literary criticism.

他以此番慷慨陈词，借以博取民众的同情与支持。

He made this impassioned speech so as to win the sympathy and support of the people.

Rhetorical/Political strategy.

Common Collocations

借以提高

借以达到

借以说明

借以吸引

借以掩盖

借以表达

借以增强

借以促进

借以评估

借以维持

Common Phrases

借以自慰

— To use something as a means of self-consolation.

他只能借以自慰。

借以度日

— To use something as a means to get by day by day.

他靠打零工借以度日。

借以糊口

— To use something as a means to make a living (barely).

他以此微薄收入借以糊口。

借以藏身

— To use something as a place to hide.

山洞成了他借以藏身的地方。

借以消愁

— To use something to drown one's sorrows.

他借以消愁，借酒浇愁。

借以避暑

— To use something/somewhere to escape the summer heat.

他去山里借以避暑。

借以遮羞

— To use something to cover one's shame or embarrassment.

这只是他借以遮羞的借口。

借以谋生

— To use something as a way to earn a livelihood.

他学习木工借以谋生。

借以示众

— To use something to show to the public (often as a warning).

把罪状贴出来借以示众。

借以名世

— To use something to become famous in the world.

他想借以名世。

Often Confused With

借以 vs 借口

借口 is a noun meaning 'excuse'. 借以 is a conjunction meaning 'so as to'.

借以 vs 藉以

This is a variant spelling of 借以; they mean the same thing, but 借以 is more standard today.

借以 vs 足以

足以 means 'sufficient to,' while 借以 means 'with the purpose of.'

Idioms & Expressions

"借古讽今"

— Use the past to disparage the present. A common literary strategy.

这篇文章借古讽今，用意深刻。

Literary

"借题发挥"

— Use a subject as a pretext to express one's own views on something else.

他借题发挥，批评了公司的管理。

Neutral

"借刀杀人"

— To make use of another person to get rid of an adversary.

他这招借刀杀人玩得很漂亮。

Neutral

"借花献佛"

— Present a gift given by someone else as one's own; borrow something to do a favor.

我今天就借花献佛，请大家喝茶。

Colloquial

"借景抒情"

— Use scenery to express one's feelings (in literature).

这首诗采用了借景抒情的手法。

Literary

"借代修辞"

— Metonymy; a rhetorical device using one thing to represent another.

借代是汉语中常用的修辞方法。

Academic

"假公济私"

— To use public office for private gain (related to using 'means').

他假公济私，受到了处罚。

Formal

"借势发力"

— To take advantage of a situation to exert force or influence.

企业应借势发力，开拓市场。

Business

"借尸还魂"

— To bring back something old in a new form; reincarnation.

这种旧思想不过是借尸还魂。

Literary

"借故推辞"

— To use an excuse to decline.

他借故推辞了邀请。

Neutral

Easily Confused

借以 vs 用以

Similar meaning and structure.

用以 is more literal/physical; 借以 is more strategic/abstract.

他用以写字的笔 (The pen he uses to write) vs 他写字，借以练心 (He writes so as to train his mind).

借以 vs 以此

Both connect action to purpose.

以此 refers specifically to 'this' (the thing mentioned); 借以 refers to the 'means' of the action.

他出示证据，以此证明清白。

借以 vs 以便

Both express purpose.

以便 focuses on convenience; 借以 focuses on the action as a tool.

请早点来，以便我们开始。

借以 vs 从而

Both connect two clauses.

从而 shows a natural result; 借以 shows a deliberate purpose.

他坚持锻炼，从而增强了体质。

借以 vs 为了

Primary word for purpose.

为了 is flexible and common; 借以 is formal and follows the action.

为了你，我愿意做任何事。

Sentence Patterns

S + V + O, 借以 + V + O

他努力学习，借以提高成绩。

通过 + Means, 借以 + Goal

通过这次活动，借以增进了解。

采取 + Action, 借以 + Result

采取紧急措施，借以防止事态扩大。

利用 + Opportunity, 借以 + Purpose

利用假期，借以休养生息。

借 + Object + 以 + Purpose

借此机会，以表谢忱。

假借 + Means, 借以 + Hidden Goal

假借考察之名，借以游山玩水。

V + 数量词, 借以 + V

多读几遍，借以加深印象。

Adj + 地 + V, 借以 + V

耐心地解释，借以消除误会。

Word Family

Nouns

借口 (excuse)

借条 (IOU)

借款 (loan)

Verbs

借 (borrow)

借用 (borrow and use)

凭借 (rely on)

Adjectives

凭借的 (reliant)

以此

用以

以便

为了

从而

How to Use It

frequency

Common in formal writing, rare in speech.

Common Mistakes

借以提高成绩，他每天复习。 → 他每天复习，借以提高成绩。
借以 cannot start a sentence.
我买苹果借以吃。 → 我买苹果是为了吃。
Too formal for such a simple, casual action.
他为了想省钱，借以不坐出租车。 → 他不坐出租车，借以省钱。
Redundant use of '为了' and '借以'.
他学习中文，借以他想去中国。 → 他学习中文，借以去中国旅游。
The part after 借以 should be a verb phrase, not a full sentence with its own subject.
他借以这个机会说话。 → 他借这个机会说话。
'借以' is a conjunction, not a verb meaning 'to use'.

Tips

Placement is Key

Always remember: [Action], 借以 [Goal]. Never swap them or start the sentence with 借以.

Formal Only

Save this word for your essays, reports, and formal emails. Don't use it at the dinner table!

Pair with 2-Character Verbs

借以 sounds best when followed by formal, two-character verbs like 提高, 达到, or 说明.

Look for the Comma

When reading, a comma followed by 借以 is a huge hint that the author is explaining a strategy.

Avoid Redundancy

Don't use '为了' and '借以' in the same sentence to express the same purpose.

News Signal

In news, 借以 often precedes the most important part of the sentence—the reason for a government action.

Means-End Link

Ensure there is a clear logical path between your action and the goal introduced by 借以.

Borrow to Reach

Remember: 借 (Borrow) + 以 (To). Borrow a method TO reach a goal.

借以 vs 以便

Use 借以 for 'how' you do it; use 以便 for 'making it easier' to do it.

Classical Roots

Recognizing that '以' means 'by means of' in classical Chinese helps you master this word.

Memorize It

Mnemonic

Think of 'Jie' (借) as a 'Jet' and 'Yi' (以) as 'Yield'. You use a Jet to Yield a result quickly. Or, 'Borrow' (借) a method 'to' (以) reach a goal.

Visual Association

Imagine a person using a long ladder (the means) to reach a high fruit (the goal). The ladder is the '借以'.

Word Web

Purpose Strategy Formal Bridge Method Logic Writing Intent

Challenge

Try to write three sentences about your career goals using '借以'. For example: 'I study Chinese, 借以 find a better job.'

Word Origin

The word '借以' traces back to Classical Chinese. '借' (jiè) originally meant 'to assist' or 'to rely on,' while '以' (yǐ) was an instrumental particle meaning 'by means of.'

Original meaning: To rely on something to achieve an end.

Sino-Tibetan -> Sinitic -> Mandarin.

Cultural Context

Be careful when using it to describe someone's actions, as it can sometimes imply they are being manipulative or using a pretext (借口).

English speakers often use 'so as to' or 'in order to' in both casual and formal speech. Chinese speakers are much stricter about only using '借以' in writing.

Used frequently in the 'Selected Works of Mao Zedong' to explain revolutionary strategies. Common in the prefaces of classical Chinese novels like 'Dream of the Red Chamber'. Often appears in modern diplomatic statements from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

Practice in Real Life

Real-World Contexts

Political Policy

颁布法令
实施改革
促进发展
维护稳定

Academic Writing

采用方法
引用文献
验证假设
探讨问题

Business Strategy

扩大市场
降低成本
提升品牌
融资计划

Literary Analysis

运用比喻
借景抒情
刻画人物
表达思想

Personal Growth

积累经验
提高素质
开阔眼界
增强体质

Conversation Starters

"你通常会采取什么样的方式，借以缓解工作压力？"

"很多年轻人选择出国留学，借以提升自己的国际竞争力，你对此怎么看？"

"在你的专业领域，通常使用哪些研究方法借以获取数据？"

"你认为企业应该如何利用社交媒体，借以增强与客户的互动？"

"有些作家喜欢在作品中加入科幻元素，借以探讨人类的未来，你喜欢这类书吗？"

Journal Prompts

写一段话，描述你为了实现梦想所做的努力，并使用‘借以’连接你的行动与目标。

反思一次你为了解决某个难题而采取的策略，解释你是如何‘借以’达成目的的。

分析你最喜欢的一部电影，说明导演运用了哪些镜头语言借以表达主题。

探讨现代科技对生活的影响，描述人们如何利用这些工具借以提高效率。

如果你是一家公司的CEO，你会制定什么样的员工福利政策，借以留住核心人才？

Frequently Asked Questions

10 questions

No, you cannot. 借以 must follow an action or method, usually after a comma. If you want to start with the purpose, use '为了'.

Rarely. It is almost exclusively found in written texts or formal speeches. In daily conversation, it sounds overly stiff.

They are very similar, but '用以' is more focused on the physical use of an object, while '借以' is more abstract and strategic.

In most modern writing, yes. It helps to separate the method from the purpose and makes the sentence easier to read.

Technically yes, but it sounds strange unless the context is very formal. It's better paired with formal verbs like '提高' or '促进'.

Yes, '藉以' is an older or more literary variant. They are interchangeable, but '借以' is more common in modern Mandarin.

It can imply that the action is a means to a hidden end, but the specific noun for 'excuse' is '借口'.

No, despite how it might appear in some dictionaries, it functions as a conjunction or preposition in a sentence.

For formal writing, '借以' is an excellent choice. For general usage, '为了' is more common.

Yes, it is typically considered a high-level (HSK 5 or 6, or CEFR B2/C1) vocabulary word.