A1 verb Neutral #1,000 most common 1 min read

起床

qǐchuáng tɕʰi²³ tʂʰaŋ³⁵
Practice it

起床 (qǐ chuáng) is the fundamental Chinese verb for 'to get up' after sleeping.

Word in 30 Seconds

  • Means to get out of bed after sleeping.
  • Basic verb for waking up and starting the day.
  • Used in daily life, work, and school contexts.
  • Distinguished from 'wake up' (醒来) by including the action of getting up.

**概述**：

“起床”是一个非常基础且常用的动词，核心意思是结束睡眠，离开床铺。在汉语中，它表达的是一个从静止（睡眠）到活动（清醒、起身）的转变过程。这个词语非常直观，没有太多复杂的引申义或褒贬色彩，但根据不同的语境，可以传递出不同的信息。例如，在谈论日常生活时，它就是简单的动作描述；而在某些文学作品或特定情境下，它也可能象征着新的开始、摆脱困境或积极面对生活。

**用法模式**：

“起床”主要用作动词，可以独立使用，也可以与其他词语构成词组或短语。

  • 口语 vs. 书面语：在日常口语中，“起床”使用频率极高，几乎人人都会用。在书面语中，尤其是在新闻报道、生活记录、散文等体裁中，也同样常见。
  • 正式 vs. 非正式：总的来说，“起床”是一个中性词，适用于正式和非正式场合。但在非常正式的场合，比如学术报告或严肃的文学评论中，可能会使用更书面化的表达，如“苏醒”、“起身”（如果强调的是站起来的动作）。
  • 地域差异：在汉语的各个方言区，“起床”的说法基本一致，没有显著的地域性差异。

**常见语境**：

  • 日常生活：这是“起床”最主要的语境。例如：“我每天早上七点起床。”、“周末可以晚点起床。”、“闹钟响了，我该起床了。”
  • 工作与学习：与作息时间相关。“他今天起晚了，上班要迟到了。”、“为了考试，他不得不早起复习。”
  • 健康与习惯：强调规律作息。“早睡早起身体好，坚持起床锻炼。”
  • 媒体与文学：在描述人物活动、时间推移时。“随着第一缕阳光射入，他缓缓起床。”、“故事的主人公在一个风雨交加的早晨不情愿地起床。”

**与近义词的比较**：

  • 醒来 (xǐng lái)：比“起床”更侧重于意识的恢复，即从睡梦中清醒过来，但身体可能还躺在床上。例如：“我被噪音吵醒了，但还没起床。”“起床”则包含了“醒来”并且进一步包含了“起身”的动作。
  • 起身 (qǐ shēn)：更侧重于身体从坐着或躺着的姿势站起来的动作，不一定与睡眠相关。例如：“听到敲门声，他立刻起身去开门。”“起床”特指从睡眠状态起身。
  • 起床气 (qǐ chuáng qì)：这是一个名词，指刚起床时，人可能因为没睡够或被打扰而表现出的烦躁情绪。它不是一个动词，而是“起床”这个动作可能引发的一种状态。

**语域与语气**：

“起床”是一个非常基础的词语，没有特别的语域限制。在日常对话、家庭交流、朋友谈话中都可以自由使用。它的语气通常是中性的，描述一个事实或计划。如果想表达某种情绪，通常需要配合其他词语，如“不情愿地起床”、“兴奋地起床”等。

**常见搭配（词汇搭配）解释**：

  • 早起 (zǎo qǐ)：指比平时更早地起床。例如：“我为了看日出，五点就早起了。”
  • 晚起 (wǎn qǐ)：指比平时更晚地起床。例如：“周末我喜欢晚起一会儿。”
  • 按时起床 (àn shí qǐ chuáng)：指在预定的或习惯的时间起床。例如：“他是个自律的人，每天都能按时起床。”
  • 起床号 (qǐ chuáng hào)：指军队或学校等集体机构用来唤醒人们起床的号声或音乐。例如：“每天早上六点，嘹亮的起床号就会响起。”
  • 起床气 (qǐ chuáng qì)：指刚起床时，人可能因为没睡够或被打扰而表现出的烦躁情绪。例如：“他早上有严重的起床气，别去招惹他。”
  • 赖床 (lài chuáng)：指不想起床，继续躺在床上。这是“起床”的反义行为。例如：“冬天太冷了，我总是忍不住赖床。”

Examples

1

我每天早上七点准时起床。

everyday

I get up punctually at 7 AM every morning.

2

周末我喜欢晚点起床，多睡一会儿。

informal

On weekends, I like to get up a bit later and sleep a little longer.

3

闹钟响了三遍，他才不情愿地起床。

everyday

The alarm rang three times before he reluctantly got up.

4

为了赶上早班飞机，我们需要凌晨四点就起床。

business

To catch the early morning flight, we need to get up at 4 AM.

5

学生们必须在七点前起床，否则将受到纪律处分。

formal

Students must get up before 7 AM, or they will face disciplinary action.

6

随着晨曦的微露，他缓缓起床，开始新的一天。

literary

As the dawn faintly appeared, he slowly got up, beginning a new day.

7

他昨晚熬夜打游戏，今天直到中午才起床。

informal

He stayed up playing games last night and didn't get up until noon today.

8

研究表明，规律的起床时间有助于改善睡眠质量。

academic

Research indicates that a regular wake-up time helps improve sleep quality.

Common Collocations

早起 get up early
晚起 get up late
起床号 reveille (bugle call to wake up)
起床气 morning grumpiness
按时起床 get up on time
赖床 stay in bed / linger in bed
起床了 time to get up / got up
起床困难 difficulty getting up

Common Phrases

早上好

Good morning (often said after someone has woken up)

起床了！

Get up! / Time to get up!

睡个好觉

Have a good sleep

打个盹儿

Take a nap

Often Confused With

起床 vs 醒来 (xǐng lái)

'醒来' means to wake up (consciousness returns), but you might still be in bed. '起床' means to get up (physically leave the bed). You can 醒来 without 起床, but you must 醒来 before you can 起床.

起床 vs 起身 (qǐ shēn)

'起身' means to get up from a sitting or lying position, not necessarily related to sleep. '起床' specifically refers to getting up after sleeping.

起床 vs 起床气 (qǐ chuáng qì)

'起床气' is a noun referring to the grumpy mood one might have upon waking. '起床' is the verb for the action of getting up itself.

Grammar Patterns

Subject + 起床 (+ 了) Subject + [Time] + 起床 Subject + [Adverb] + 起床 起床 + 号/气 (Noun phrases) 为什么 + Subject + 起床 + 这么 + 晚/早？ Subject + 觉得 + 起床 + 困难

How to Use It

Usage Notes

This is a very common and neutral verb. It's appropriate in almost all contexts, from casual conversation to formal writing. Avoid using it when referring to waking up from a nap (午睡), where '醒来' is more suitable. In very formal or literary contexts, '起身' might be preferred if the emphasis is on the physical act of rising.

Common Mistakes

Learners sometimes confuse '起床' (get up) with '醒来' (wake up). Remember, '醒来' is just regaining consciousness, while '起床' involves the physical act of leaving the bed. Also, avoid using '起床' for waking from short naps; '醒来' is better for that.

Tips

💡

Master the Basic Action

Focus on using '起床' in simple daily sentences. Practice saying '我起床了' (Wǒ qǐchuáng le - I got up) and asking '你起床了吗？' (Nǐ qǐchuáng le ma? - Did you get up?).

⚠️

Don't Confuse with 'Wake Up'

Remember '醒来' (xǐng lái) is just 'to wake up' (consciousness returns), while '起床' (qǐ chuáng) is 'to get up' (physically leaving the bed). You can wake up but still be in bed.

🌍

Morning Routines

In China, many people start their day early, especially in cities. '早起' (zǎo qǐ - to get up early) is often encouraged for health and productivity.

🎓

Adding Nuance

To express reluctance, add adverbs like '不情愿地' (bù qíngyuàn de - reluctantly). For enthusiasm, try '兴奋地' (xīngfèn de - excitedly). Example: 他不情愿地起床了。

Word Origin

The word '起床' is formed by combining '起' (qǐ), meaning 'to rise, to get up', and '床' (chuáng), meaning 'bed'. It's a direct and literal description of the action of rising from bed, common in many languages.

Cultural Context

The concept of 'getting up early' (早起) is often associated with diligence and good health in Chinese culture, echoing the proverb '早睡早起身体好' (early to bed, early to rise, good health). Conversely, '赖床' (lingering in bed) might be seen as lazy, especially on weekdays.

Memory Tip

Imagine a person jumping *out of* bed with energy. The '起' (qǐ) is like 'lift' or 'rise', and '床' (chuáng) is 'bed'. So, 'rise from bed'. Picture this action vividly!

Frequently Asked Questions

8 questions

“醒来”指的是意识从睡眠状态恢复，但身体可能还在床上。而“起床”则包含了醒来之后，从床上起来的动作。

可以。虽然“起床”很常用，但它本身是中性词，在大多数正式场合，如新闻报道或工作汇报中都可以使用，表达清晰直接。

在某些特定语境下，可以用“起身”来强调站起来的动作，或者用“苏醒”来形容意识的恢复，但“起床”是最常用和最直接的表达。

可以加“了”表示动作完成，如“我起床了”。也可以用形容词或副词描述起床的状态，比如“他高兴地起床了”、“我疲惫地起床了”。

“起床”本身是中性的，不带有褒贬或强烈的情感色彩。但可以通过搭配的词语来表达情绪，比如“不情愿地起床”就带有负面情绪。

可以看作是相对的行为。“起床”是结束睡眠并离开床，“赖床”是迟迟不肯离开床，延续睡眠状态。它们描述的是相反的意图和动作。

有时可以。比如，当一个人从某种消极状态或困境中走出来，重新振作起来，也可以形象地说他“起床”了，表示重新开始行动。

这因人而异，也因工作性质和生活习惯而异。学生和上班族通常在早上6-8点之间起床，而有些人可能会更早或更晚。

Test Yourself

fill blank

我每天早上六点半______，然后开始锻炼。

Correct! Not quite. Correct answer: 起床

'起床' means to get up from bed, which fits the context of starting the day and exercising after a specific time.

multiple choice

他总是最后一个起床。

Correct! Not quite. Correct answer: He always gets up last.

'起床' specifically refers to the action of getting out of bed, not just waking up or eating.

sentence building

了 / 我 / 起床 / 八点 / 快

Correct! Not quite. Correct answer: 我八点快起床了

The structure 'Subject + Time + Adverb + Verb + 了' is common for indicating an action that is about to happen or has just happened. '快' acts as an adverb modifying '起床'.

error correction

今天早上我醒来，但是没有起床。

Correct! Not quite. Correct answer: 今天早上我醒了，但是没有起床。

While '醒来' can be a verb, in this context, '醒了' (xǐng le - woke up) sounds more natural as a completed action distinct from '起床'. The original sentence is understandable but slightly less idiomatic.

Score: /4

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