aushalten em 30 segundos
- Endure difficult situations, pain, or discomfort.
- To withstand hardship or unpleasantness.
- Implies strength and perseverance.
- Commonly used for heat, cold, pain, and stress.
The German verb 'aushalten' is a fundamental word used to express the act of enduring, bearing, or tolerating something difficult, unpleasant, or painful. It signifies the ability to withstand a challenge without giving in or breaking down. This can apply to physical discomfort, emotional distress, difficult circumstances, or even prolonged periods of waiting.
You'll hear 'aushalten' in a variety of everyday situations. For instance, someone might say they can't 'aushalten' the heat, meaning they find it unbearable. In a more emotional context, a person might need to 'aushalten' a difficult conversation or a period of grief. It's also used to describe the resilience required in tough jobs or challenging life events.
Consider the physical aspect: a runner might 'aushalten' the pain in their muscles during a marathon. Or someone might 'aushalten' a long, boring meeting. The word implies a certain level of strength and perseverance. It's not just about passively experiencing something, but actively managing to get through it.
The nuances of 'aushalten' can range from simply putting up with something minor to demonstrating remarkable fortitude in the face of severe hardship. The context will always guide the precise meaning.
- Synonym
- 'Ertragen' is a very close synonym, often interchangeable.
- Antonym
- 'Aufgeben' (to give up) or 'aufhören' (to stop).
Ich kann diese Hitze kaum noch aushalten.
Sie musste den Schmerz lange aushalten.
Die Situation war schwer zu aushalten.
'Aushalten' is a transitive verb, meaning it usually takes a direct object (accusative case). The structure is typically 'Subject + aushalten + Object (accusative)'. It can also be used intransitively in certain contexts, often implying 'to be able to bear it'.
Let's look at common sentence structures. When referring to enduring a specific thing, you'll use the accusative case. For example, 'Ich kann die Kälte nicht aushalten.' (I can't stand the cold.) Here, 'die Kälte' is the direct object in the accusative.
The verb can also be used with infinitive clauses, often introduced by 'zu', to express the inability or need to endure something. For instance, 'Er fand es schwer, die Wartezeit zu aushalten.' (He found it difficult to bear the waiting time.)
In spoken German, you might hear 'aushalten' used in phrases like 'Das halte ich nicht aus!' (I can't stand that!) or 'Kannst du das noch etwas aushalten?' (Can you endure it a bit longer?). These are common, idiomatic ways to use the verb.
The separable prefix 'aus-' in 'aushalten' means that in main clauses in the present and simple past tenses, the prefix goes to the end of the sentence. For example, 'Wir halten das Problem aus.' (We are enduring the problem.) However, in subordinate clauses, the verb stays together: 'Ich weiß nicht, ob wir das Problem aushalten können.' (I don't know if we can endure the problem.)
The past participle is 'ausgehalten'. This is used in perfect tenses: 'Sie hat die Prüfung ausgehalten.' (She endured the exam.)
- Verb Conjugation (Present Tense)
- ich halte aus, du hältst aus, er/sie/es hält aus, wir halten aus, ihr haltet aus, sie/Sie halten aus
- Verb Conjugation (Simple Past)
- ich hielt aus, du hieltest aus, er/sie/es hielt aus, wir hielten aus, ihr hieltet aus, sie/Sie hielten aus
- Past Participle
- ausgehalten
Er kann den Lärm nicht länger aushalten.
Wir müssen diese schwierige Phase ausgehalten.
Die Kinder hielten die lange Autofahrt gut aus.
You'll encounter 'aushalten' in a wide range of spoken and written contexts. It’s a versatile verb that reflects the human capacity for resilience.
In everyday conversations, people use it to express their limits. For example, 'Ich kann diese Hitze nicht mehr aushalten.' (I can't stand this heat anymore.) or 'Der Film war so langweilig, ich konnte ihn kaum aushalten.' (The movie was so boring, I could barely stand it.)
In news reports or discussions about social issues, 'aushalten' might describe people enduring difficult living conditions or political oppression. For instance, 'Die Bevölkerung muss unter diesen Umständen aushalten.' (The population has to endure under these circumstances.)
In health-related discussions, it's used for pain or discomfort. 'Wie lange müssen Sie die Schmerzen noch aushalten?' (How much longer do you have to endure the pain?) or 'Der Patient konnte die Behandlung nicht aushalten.' (The patient could not tolerate the treatment.)
In literature and personal narratives, 'aushalten' often describes emotional fortitude. A character might need to 'aushalten' heartbreak or loss. 'Sie musste den Verlust ihrer Liebsten aushalten.' (She had to endure the loss of her loved ones.)
Even in more casual settings, like complaining about a long wait, 'Ich halte das Warten nicht mehr aus!' (I can't stand waiting anymore!) is a common expression.
Furthermore, in job descriptions or discussions about demanding professions, you might hear about the need to 'aushalten' pressure or difficult colleagues. 'Diese Arbeit erfordert die Fähigkeit, viel Stress auszuhalten.' (This job requires the ability to endure a lot of stress.)
- Common Context: Weather
- People frequently use 'aushalten' to describe enduring extreme temperatures, like intense heat or cold.
- Common Context: Physical Discomfort
- Pain, fatigue, or other physical sensations are often described as something one must 'aushalten'.
- Common Context: Emotional Strain
- Sadness, grief, difficult relationships, or stressful situations fall under this category.
Die Soldaten mussten unter härtesten Bedingungen aushalten.
Ich kann den Lärm von der Baustelle nicht mehr aushalten.
Wir müssen diese Krise gemeinsam aushalten.
Learners of German often make a few common mistakes when using 'aushalten'. Understanding these pitfalls can significantly improve your accuracy.
One frequent error is the incorrect placement of the separable prefix 'aus-'. Remember, in main clauses (present and simple past), 'aus-' goes to the end of the sentence. Forgetting this leads to sentences like 'Ich aushalte die Kälte', which is incorrect. The correct form is 'Ich halte die Kälte aus.'
Another common mistake involves confusing 'aushalten' with similar-sounding or related verbs, like 'halten' (to hold) or 'ertragen' (to bear/tolerate). While 'ertragen' is a close synonym, 'halten' on its own doesn't carry the same meaning of enduring hardship. For instance, saying 'Ich halte die Kälte' might imply you are physically holding the cold, which doesn't make sense. You need 'aushalten' to convey the meaning of enduring it.
A third mistake can be the misuse of prepositions or cases. 'Aushalten' typically takes a direct object in the accusative case. Forgetting this and using a dative object or an incorrect preposition can lead to grammatical errors. For example, 'Ich halte die Kälte mit mir aus' is grammatically awkward and semantically unclear.
Finally, learners sometimes struggle with the past participle 'ausgehalten' in perfect tenses. They might incorrectly use the infinitive or the simple past form. For example, 'Ich habe die Kälte aushalten' is wrong; it should be 'Ich habe die Kälte ausgehalten.'
- Mistake: Prefix Placement
- Incorrect: 'Ich aushalte den Schmerz.' Correct: 'Ich halte den Schmerz aus.'
- Mistake: Confusing with 'halten'
- Incorrect: 'Ich halte die Hitze.' (Means 'I hold the heat'). Correct: 'Ich halte die Hitze aus.' (Means 'I endure the heat').
- Mistake: Case Usage
- Incorrect: 'Ich halte mit dem Lärm aus.' Correct: 'Ich halte den Lärm aus.' (Dative 'dem Lärm' is wrong; accusative 'den Lärm' is correct).
- Mistake: Past Participle
- Incorrect: 'Sie hat die Prüfung halten.' Correct: 'Sie hat die Prüfung ausgehalten.'
Falsch: 'Ich ausgehalten die Prüfung.' Richtig: 'Ich habe die Prüfung ausgehalten.'
Falsch: 'Er hält mit der Kälte.' Richtig: 'Er hält die Kälte aus.'
While 'aushalten' is a very useful verb, German offers several other words that convey similar meanings, each with its own nuances and preferred contexts.
Ertragen: This is perhaps the closest synonym to 'aushalten'. It also means to bear, endure, or tolerate. 'Ertragen' often carries a slightly more formal or literary tone than 'aushalten'. It can be used for physical pain, emotional suffering, or difficult situations. For example, 'Er konnte den Schmerz nicht ertragen.' (He could not bear the pain.)
Überstehen: This verb means to get through something, to survive a difficult period or event. It emphasizes overcoming a challenge rather than just enduring it. For instance, 'Wir haben die Krise gut überstanden.' (We got through the crisis well.) It implies a successful outcome after a period of difficulty.
Tolerieren: This word means to tolerate or allow something, often implying acceptance of something undesirable. It's used more for social situations or opinions. 'Ich toleriere sein Verhalten nicht.' (I do not tolerate his behavior.) It can also be used in a more neutral sense, like a medical tolerance for a drug.
Duldend (adjective form of 'dulden'): 'Dulden' means to tolerate, put up with, or suffer something patiently. It's similar to 'ertragen' but can sometimes imply a more passive endurance. 'Er duldete die Ungerechtigkeit.' (He suffered the injustice.)
Mitmachen: In certain informal contexts, 'mitmachen' can imply going along with something or enduring it because others are, or because there's no other choice. It's less about strong endurance and more about participation or compliance. 'Wenn alle springen, muss ich wohl auch mitmachen.' (If everyone is jumping, I guess I have to go along with it.)
- 'aushalten' vs. 'ertragen'
- 'Aushalten' is generally more common in everyday speech and can imply a more active struggle. 'Ertragen' is often used for more profound or inevitable suffering and can sound more formal.
- 'aushalten' vs. 'überstehen'
- 'Aushalten' focuses on the process of enduring, while 'überstehen' emphasizes successfully completing or surviving the difficult period.
- 'aushalten' vs. 'tolerieren'
- 'Tolerieren' is about allowing or putting up with something, often in a social or moral context, whereas 'aushalten' is more about bearing hardship.
Er musste den Verlust ertragen.
Wir haben die schwere Zeit überstanden.
Ich tolerieren dieses Verhalten nicht mehr.
How Formal Is It?
Curiosidade
The concept of 'holding out' against adversity is deeply ingrained in many Germanic languages, reflecting a historical emphasis on resilience and perseverance in challenging environments.
Guia de pronúncia
- Pronouncing 'au' as in 'caught'.
- Making the 's' sound like a 'z'.
- Not stressing the first syllable sufficiently.
- Pronouncing the final 'en' too clearly instead of as a schwa.
Nível de dificuldade
Understanding 'aushalten' in reading requires grasping the context of hardship or discomfort. CEFR B1 level texts often feature this verb when describing challenges or personal struggles.
Using 'aushalten' correctly in writing involves remembering the separable prefix rule and choosing appropriate contexts for its use, typically related to enduring negative situations.
In spoken German, 'aushalten' is frequently used to express personal limits and reactions to discomfort. Pronunciation and correct prefix placement are key for fluency.
Recognizing 'aushalten' in spoken German requires listening for the distinct 'au' sound and understanding the context of endurance or intolerance.
O que aprender depois
Pré-requisitos
Aprenda a seguir
Avançado
Gramática essencial
Separable Verbs
'Aushalten' is a separable verb. In main clauses (present and simple past), the prefix 'aus-' moves to the end of the sentence. Example: 'Ich halte die Hitze aus.' (I endure the heat.)
Accusative Case
The direct object of 'aushalten' is in the accusative case. Example: 'Er kann den Schmerz nicht aushalten.' (He cannot endure the pain.)
Infinitive with 'zu'
'Aushalten' can be used with 'zu' in infinitive clauses. Example: 'Es ist schwer, diese Situation auszuhalten.' (It is difficult to endure this situation.)
Past Participle in Perfect Tenses
The past participle is 'ausgehalten'. Example: 'Sie hat die Prüfung ausgehalten.' (She endured the exam.)
Modal Verbs
When used with modal verbs (like können, müssen, wollen), 'aushalten' remains in the infinitive form at the end of the sentence. Example: 'Ich muss das aushalten.' (I must endure this.)
Exemplos por nível
Ich kann das nicht aushalten.
I can't stand this.
Simple present tense, direct object implied.
Die Hitze ist schwer auszuhalten.
The heat is hard to bear.
Infinitive with 'zu'.
Kannst du das aushalten?
Can you endure this?
Question form, present tense.
Das muss ich aushalten.
I have to endure that.
'müssen' + infinitive.
Ich halte es aus.
I can stand it.
Simple present, direct object 'es'.
Das ist nicht auszuhalten.
That is unbearable.
Passive infinitive construction.
Ich halte es nicht aus.
I can't stand it.
Negation with 'nicht'.
Sie hält es aus.
She endures it.
Third person singular, present tense.
Ich kann diese laute Musik nicht mehr aushalten.
I can't stand this loud music anymore.
Accusative object 'diese laute Musik'.
Wir müssen die lange Wartezeit aushalten.
We have to endure the long waiting time.
Accusative object 'die lange Wartezeit'.
Er hielt den Schmerz für eine Weile aus.
He endured the pain for a while.
Simple past tense, accusative object 'den Schmerz'.
Kannst du den Druck aushalten?
Can you withstand the pressure?
Question, accusative object 'den Druck'.
Sie musste die Prüfung bis zum Ende aushalten.
She had to endure the exam until the end.
'müssen' + infinitive, accusative object 'die Prüfung'.
Das Wetter ist kaum auszuhalten.
The weather is hardly bearable.
Passive infinitive construction.
Ich halte es nicht mehr aus, hier zu warten.
I can't stand waiting here anymore.
Infinitive clause with 'zu'.
Die Kinder hielten die Reise gut aus.
The children endured the trip well.
Simple past tense, accusative object 'die Reise'.
Ich kann die ständige Kritik meines Chefs nicht mehr aushalten.
I can no longer stand my boss's constant criticism.
Separable verb in main clause, accusative object.
Die Familie musste während des Krieges vieles aushalten.
The family had to endure many things during the war.
Plural accusative object 'vieles'.
Er hat es geschafft, seine Angst auszuhalten und die Rede zu halten.
He managed to endure his fear and give the speech.
Infinitive clauses with 'zu'.
Sie fand es schwer, die Einsamkeit auszuhalten.
She found it difficult to bear the loneliness.
Accusative object 'die Einsamkeit'.
Man muss lernen, auch unangenehme Situationen auszuhalten.
One must learn to also endure unpleasant situations.
Impersonal subject 'man', accusative object.
Die alten Mauern hielten dem Sturm stand.
The old walls withstood the storm.
Figurative use, similar to 'standhalten'.
Wir haben tagelang im Regen ausgeharrt, um die Nachricht zu erhalten.
We waited for days in the rain to get the news.
Implies enduring hardship for a goal.
Er konnte die Ungerechtigkeit nicht länger aushalten und protestierte.
He could no longer tolerate the injustice and protested.
Connects enduring with a reaction.
Die extremen Bedingungen auf dem Mars sind für Menschen kaum auszuhalten.
The extreme conditions on Mars are hardly bearable for humans.
Passive infinitive construction, dative object 'für Menschen'.
Er musste die Schuldgefühle jahrelang mit sich herumtragen und aushalten.
He had to carry and endure the guilt for years.
Compound action with 'mit sich herumtragen'.
Trotz aller Widrigkeiten gelang es ihr, ihre Position zu verteidigen und die Angriffe auszuhalten.
Despite all adversities, she managed to defend her position and withstand the attacks.
Complex sentence structure, multiple infinitive clauses.
Die psychische Belastung am Arbeitsplatz war für ihn unerträglich geworden; er konnte sie einfach nicht mehr aushalten.
The psychological strain at the workplace had become unbearable for him; he simply couldn't stand it anymore.
Use of 'unerträglich' as an adjective, followed by 'aushalten'.
Die Regierung versucht, die wirtschaftlichen Folgen der Pandemie so gut wie möglich auszuhalten.
The government is trying to endure the economic consequences of the pandemic as well as possible.
Figurative use for economic situations.
Manche Künstler müssen ihre Werke jahrelang unveröffentlicht lassen und die Enttäuschung aushalten.
Some artists have to leave their works unpublished for years and endure the disappointment.
Implies enduring creative frustration.
Die Erfahrung lehrte ihn, dass man auch Schmerz und Leid ertragen muss, um zu wachsen.
The experience taught him that one must also bear pain and suffering in order to grow.
Comparison with 'ertragen', philosophical context.
Er konnte es nicht ertragen, seine Kinder leiden zu sehen, und beschloss, einzugreifen.
He could not bear to see his children suffer and decided to intervene.
Use of 'ertragen' with an infinitive clause.
Die schiere Monotonie der täglichen Routine war eine Prüfung, die er nur mit äußerster Willenskraft aushalten konnte.
The sheer monotony of the daily routine was a test that he could only endure with extreme willpower.
Elevated vocabulary, complex sentence structure.
In Zeiten existenzieller Krisen zeigt sich oft die wahre menschliche Fähigkeit, Widrigkeiten auszuhalten und gestärkt daraus hervorzugehen.
In times of existential crises, the true human capacity to endure adversities and emerge stronger often reveals itself.
Abstract concepts, philosophical tone.
Er musste die Last der Verantwortung tragen und gleichzeitig die ständigen Zweifel seiner Kritiker aushalten.
He had to bear the burden of responsibility while simultaneously enduring the constant doubts of his critics.
Parallel structures, nuanced meaning.
Die künstlerische Vision erforderte, dass sie die Grenzen des Akzeptablen überschritt und die damit verbundenen Kontroversen aushielt.
The artistic vision required her to cross the boundaries of the acceptable and endure the associated controversies.
Focus on enduring consequences of actions.
Es ist eine bemerkenswerte Leistung, über Jahre hinweg unter solch prekären Bedingungen zu arbeiten und trotzdem die Hoffnung nicht aufzugeben.
It is a remarkable achievement to work for years under such precarious conditions and still not give up hope.
Implies enduring difficult circumstances.
Die diplomatische Lösung erforderte Geduld und die Bereitschaft, auch provokative Äußerungen auszuhalten, um den Frieden zu wahren.
The diplomatic solution required patience and the willingness to endure even provocative statements in order to preserve peace.
Political context, nuanced endurance.
Die psychologische Resilienz, die Fähigkeit, traumatische Erlebnisse zu verarbeiten und zu überstehen, ist ein Schlüssel zum menschlichen Wohlbefinden.
Psychological resilience, the ability to process and overcome traumatic experiences, is key to human well-being.
Related concept of resilience, contrasting with passive endurance.
Er musste die Einsamkeit und die Ungewissheit seiner Expedition ertragen, wissend, dass der Erfolg von seiner Standhaftigkeit abhing.
He had to bear the loneliness and uncertainty of his expedition, knowing that success depended on his steadfastness.
Emphasis on steadfastness and enduring solitude.
Die Entbehrungen des frühen Koloniallebens verlangten von den Siedlern eine fast übermenschliche Fähigkeit, Leiden und Entbehrungen auszuhalten.
The deprivations of early colonial life demanded an almost superhuman ability from the settlers to endure suffering and hardship.
Historical context, heightened vocabulary.
Er konstatierte mit einer gewissen Resignation, dass er die unausweichlichen Konsequenzen seines Handelns hinnehmen und aushalten müsse.
He stated with a certain resignation that he had to accept and endure the inevitable consequences of his actions.
Formal, philosophical tone, acceptance of fate.
Die philosophische Tradition hat sich wiederholt mit der Frage auseinandergesetzt, wie der Mensch die Absurdität des Daseins ertragen und dennoch Sinn finden kann.
The philosophical tradition has repeatedly grappled with the question of how humans can bear the absurdity of existence and yet find meaning.
Abstract philosophical concepts, complex sentence structure.
Ihre Entschlossenheit, die Kälte und Isolation der Arktis zu überstehen, war bemerkenswert, doch die psychische Belastung war immens.
Her determination to survive the cold and isolation of the Arctic was remarkable, yet the psychological strain was immense.
Contrasting endurance with psychological toll.
Die Geschichte ist voll von Beispielen, in denen Einzelpersonen oder ganze Völker unvorstellbare Grausamkeiten ertragen mussten, um ihre Identität zu bewahren.
History is full of examples where individuals or entire peoples had to endure unimaginable cruelties to preserve their identity.
Historical perspective, extreme suffering.
Er musste die Stille und die Leere des Raumes aushalten, während er auf die entscheidende Nachricht wartete, die sein Schicksal bestimmen würde.
He had to endure the silence and emptiness of the room while waiting for the crucial news that would determine his fate.
Atmospheric description, heightened tension.
Die Fähigkeit, mit existenziellen Ängsten umzugehen und diese zu überwinden, ist ein Kennzeichen emotionaler Reife.
The ability to cope with existential fears and overcome them is a hallmark of emotional maturity.
Focus on overcoming fear rather than just enduring it.
Sie lernte, die Melancholie des Herbstes nicht als Last, sondern als eine Zeit der Kontemplation zu ertragen.
She learned to bear the melancholy of autumn not as a burden, but as a time for contemplation.
Reframing negative feelings, nuanced endurance.
Colocações comuns
Frases Comuns
— This is a strong exclamation expressing that something is unbearable or intolerable.
Diese ständige Ruhestörung, das halte ich nicht aus!
— A question asking if someone has the capacity to endure a situation a little longer.
Wir sind fast da, kannst du das noch etwas aushalten?
— A common saying suggesting that one must learn to endure difficulties or unpleasantness in life.
Das Leben ist nicht immer einfach, man muss auch mal was aushalten.
— Used to describe a situation that is extremely difficult or uncomfortable to bear.
Die Hitze heute ist wirklich kaum auszuhalten.
— A simple statement indicating that someone endured or bore something.
Trotz des Schmerzes hielt sie es aus.
— A statement of necessity, implying that enduring a situation is required.
Es ist schwierig, aber wir müssen das aushalten.
— Expresses reaching one's limit and being unable to endure something any longer.
Ich kann diese Ungerechtigkeit nicht mehr aushalten.
— Describes a situation that was very difficult to bear or tolerate.
Die Atmosphäre im Raum war angespannt und schwer auszuhalten.
— A supportive phrase wishing someone well and encouraging them to endure a difficult time.
Ich weiß, du hast gerade eine schwere Zeit, lass es dir gut gehen und halte durch!
— Indicates that someone has experienced and endured a lot of hardship or suffering.
Nach allem, was er durchgemacht hat, hat er wirklich viel ausgehalten.
Frequentemente confundido com
'Halten' means 'to hold' or 'to keep'. 'Aushalten' specifically means to endure or bear something difficult. For example, 'Ich halte die Tür' means 'I am holding the door', whereas 'Ich halte die Hitze aus' means 'I can stand the heat'.
'Ertragen' is a very close synonym and often interchangeable with 'aushalten'. However, 'ertragen' can sometimes sound more formal or imply a more profound or inevitable suffering.
'Ausharren' means to persevere or hold out, often implying a longer period of waiting or enduring in a difficult place or situation. It's similar but often emphasizes a specific location or state of waiting.
Expressões idiomáticas
— This idiom means to grit one's teeth and endure a difficult situation, showing determination and resilience despite pain or hardship.
Die Prüfung war sehr schwer, aber ich habe die Zähne zusammengebissen und durchgehalten.
— To endure something with great calmness and self-control, showing no emotion or complaint, like the ancient Stoic philosophers.
Er ertrug die Kritik stoisch, ohne eine Miene zu verziehen.
— To practice patience, to wait calmly and without complaint. While not directly using 'aushalten', it implies the ability to endure waiting or difficult circumstances.
Wir müssen uns in Geduld üben, bis die Ergebnisse vorliegen.
— To not give up, to remain cheerful and hopeful in difficult times. It's about maintaining morale while enduring hardship.
Auch wenn es schwer ist, lass den Kopf nicht hängen!
— To endure something until the very end, no matter how difficult or unpleasant it becomes.
Sie kämpfte bis zum bitteren Ende für ihre Überzeugungen.
— To face a very difficult problem or task that requires significant effort to overcome. It implies the need to endure the challenge.
Diese Aufgabe ist eine harte Nuss zu knacken.
— Literally 'the measure is full', this means one's patience or tolerance has reached its limit; something is no longer bearable.
Nachdem er schon wieder zu spät kam, war mein Maß voll.
— To do something at all costs, by any means necessary, even if it involves extreme effort or enduring significant difficulty.
Er wollte den Vertrag auf Biegen und Brechen abschließen.
— Similar to 'die Zähne zusammenbeißen', it means to persevere through difficulties, to push through a tough situation.
Ich muss mich jetzt durchbeißen und die letzten Seiten schreiben.
— To tighten the reins, meaning to become stricter or more disciplined, often in order to endure a difficult period or achieve a goal.
Die Regierung musste die Zügel straffen, um die Wirtschaft zu stabilisieren.
Fácil de confundir
Both verbs mean to bear or endure difficult situations.
'Aushalten' is generally more common in everyday speech and can imply a more active struggle or testing of limits. 'Ertragen' can sound more formal and is often used for more profound or inevitable suffering, like emotional pain or fate. For example, you might say 'Ich kann diese laute Musik nicht <strong>aushalten</strong>' (I can't stand this loud music), but 'Er konnte den Verlust seiner Frau nicht <strong>ertragen</strong>' (He could not bear the loss of his wife) sounds more fitting.
Ich halte die Kälte <strong>aus</strong>. (I endure the cold.) vs. Er ertrug die Strafe. (He bore the punishment.)
Both verbs relate to getting through difficult times.
'Aushalten' focuses on the act of enduring *during* the difficult period. 'Überstehen' emphasizes successfully *completing* or surviving the difficult period. You 'aushalten' a fever, and you 'überstehen' an illness. 'Sie musste die Krankheit <strong>aushalten</strong>' (She had to endure the illness) focuses on the process, while 'Sie hat die Krankheit <strong>überstanden</strong>' (She got over the illness) focuses on the recovery.
Wir müssen die Krise <strong>aushalten</strong>. (We must endure the crisis.) vs. Wir haben die Krise <strong>überstanden</strong>. (We got through the crisis.)
Both verbs mean to tolerate or put up with something.
'Aushalten' typically implies enduring something unpleasant or painful, often with a sense of struggle or resilience. 'Dulden' is more about tolerating or allowing something, often in a social or moral context, and can imply a more passive acceptance or forbearance. You 'aushalten' pain, but you might 'dulden' a neighbor's slightly annoying habit.
Ich kann den Lärm nicht <strong>aushalten</strong>. (I can't stand the noise.) vs. Er <strong>duldet</strong> kein lautes Benehmen. (He tolerates no loud behavior.)
Both verbs involve resisting or holding firm against something.
'Aushalten' is primarily about enduring internal states (pain, emotions, difficult conditions). 'Standhalten' is more about resisting external forces, pressure, or attacks, often implying physical or structural resistance. A building might 'standhalten' an earthquake, while a person might 'aushalten' the resulting fear.
Die Mauer hielt dem Druck <strong>stand</strong>. (The wall withstood the pressure.) vs. Er musste den Druck <strong>aushalten</strong>. (He had to endure the pressure.)
Both verbs imply getting through difficult times.
'Aushalten' focuses on the act of enduring *during* the difficult period. 'Durchstehen' emphasizes successfully *completing* or surviving the difficult period. It's similar to 'überstehen'. You 'aushalten' a long, tough exam, and you 'durchstehen' it if you finish it. 'Wir müssen die Prüfung <strong>aushalten</strong>.' (We must endure the exam.) vs. 'Wir haben die Prüfung <strong>durchgestanden</strong>.' (We got through the exam.)
Wir müssen die schwierige Zeit <strong>aushalten</strong>. (We must endure the difficult time.) vs. Wir haben die schwierige Zeit <strong>durchgestanden</strong>. (We got through the difficult time.)
Padrões de frases
Ich halte [etwas] aus.
Ich halte die Kälte aus.
Das ist [Adjektiv] auszuhalten.
Das ist schwer auszuhalten.
Kannst du [etwas] aushalten?
Kannst du den Lärm aushalten?
Ich kann [etwas] nicht mehr aushalten.
Ich kann diese Hitze nicht mehr aushalten.
Er/Sie musste [etwas] aushalten.
Er musste die Prüfung aushalten.
Man muss lernen, [etwas] auszuhalten.
Man muss lernen, schwierige Zeiten auszuhalten.
Wir haben [etwas] ausgehalten.
Wir haben die lange Reise ausgehalten.
Die Fähigkeit, [etwas] auszuhalten, ist wichtig.
Die Fähigkeit, Schmerz auszuhalten, ist wichtig.
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Very common, especially in spoken German.
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Incorrect prefix placement: 'Ich aushalte die Kälte.'
→
Ich halte die Kälte <strong>aus</strong>.
The prefix 'aus-' is separable in main clauses and must go to the end of the sentence.
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Confusing with 'halten': 'Ich halte die Hitze.'
→
Ich halte die Hitze <strong>aus</strong>.
'Halten' means 'to hold'. 'Aushalten' means 'to endure'. The context of enduring discomfort requires the separable prefix.
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Incorrect case usage: 'Ich halte mit dem Schmerz aus.'
→
Ich halte <strong>den</strong> Schmerz <strong>aus</strong>.
The direct object of 'aushalten' takes the accusative case. 'Schmerz' is masculine, so the accusative article is 'den'.
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Incorrect past participle: 'Sie hat die Prüfung halten.'
→
Sie hat die Prüfung <strong>ausgehalten</strong>.
The past participle of 'aushalten' is 'ausgehalten', not 'halten'.
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Using 'aushalten' for passive tolerance: 'Ich aushalte seine Meinung.'
→
Ich <strong>dulde</strong> / <strong>tolerieren</strong> seine Meinung. (or Ich kann seine Meinung nicht <strong>aushalten</strong>.)
'Aushalten' implies enduring hardship or pain. For simply allowing or putting up with something less severe, 'dulden' or 'tolerieren' are often more appropriate. If it's truly unbearable, then 'aushalten' works.
Dicas
Master the 'au' Sound
The 'au' in 'aushalten' is pronounced like the 'ow' in 'how' or 'out'. Practice saying 'aus' on its own to get the sound right. Remember the stress is on this first syllable: AUS-hal-ten.
Prefix Placement
Always remember that 'aus-' is a separable prefix. In main sentences (present/past tense), it goes to the end: 'Ich halte das aus.' In subordinate clauses or with modal verbs, it stays attached: 'Ich kann das aushalten.'
Visual Mnemonic
Imagine holding ('halten') something that's coming 'out' ('aus') at you, like a strong gust of wind. You have to hold firm against it – you have to 'aushalten'.
Expressing Limits
Use 'aushalten' to express when you've reached your limit. 'Ich kann das nicht mehr aushalten!' is a very common and useful phrase.
Explore Alternatives
While 'aushalten' is common, learn related words like 'ertragen' (more formal/profound suffering) and 'überstehen' (to get through/survive) to enrich your vocabulary.
Real-Life Scenarios
Think about situations in your life where you had to 'aushalten' something. Try to describe them in German. This active recall helps solidify the meaning and usage.
Accusative Objects
The thing being endured is usually in the accusative case. Remember to adjust the article and adjective endings accordingly. For example: 'Ich halte den Lärm aus.'
Resilience in Culture
German culture often values perseverance. Understanding 'aushalten' connects you to this cultural aspect of facing and enduring challenges.
Everyday Expressions
Learn common phrases like 'Das halte ich nicht aus!' and 'Kannst du das noch etwas aushalten?' They are frequently used in daily conversations.
Memorize
Mnemônico
Imagine holding a very hot potato ('aus' = out, 'halten' = hold). You have to hold it ('halten') until it's no longer hot ('aus'). It's difficult, but you endure it.
Associação visual
Picture someone holding their breath underwater ('aushalten') for as long as possible. They are enduring the lack of air.
Word Web
Desafio
Try to think of three different situations in your own life where you had to 'aushalten' something, and describe them briefly in German.
Origem da palavra
The verb 'aushalten' is a compound verb formed from the prefix 'aus-' (out, through) and the verb 'halten' (to hold). This combination suggests the idea of holding something out or holding on through something until it is finished or passed.
Significado original: Literally 'to hold out' or 'to hold through'. The prefix 'aus-' implies completion or passing through a phase.
GermanicContexto cultural
When discussing situations where people have had to 'aushalten' significant hardship (like war, poverty, or illness), it's important to be sensitive and empathetic. The word implies a struggle, and the context should always be handled with care.
In English, 'to endure', 'to bear', and 'to tolerate' are close equivalents. However, 'aushalten' often carries a stronger sense of active perseverance and resilience, especially in spoken German.
Pratique na vida real
Contextos reais
Extreme Weather Conditions
- die Hitze aushalten
- die Kälte aushalten
- das Wetter ist kaum auszuhalten
Physical Pain or Discomfort
- den Schmerz aushalten
- die Müdigkeit aushalten
- die Verletzung aushalten
Emotional or Psychological Strain
- die Einsamkeit aushalten
- die Kritik aushalten
- den Druck aushalten
Difficult Situations or Circumstances
- die Wartezeit aushalten
- die Prüfung aushalten
- die Situation aushalten
Noise or Unpleasant Sensations
- den Lärm aushalten
- den Gestank aushalten
- das Licht aushalten
Iniciadores de conversa
"What's the most difficult weather you've ever had to 'aushalten'?"
"Can you think of a time you had to 'aushalten' a boring meeting or lecture?"
"What kind of physical discomfort do you find hardest to 'aushalten'?"
"When do you think it's important to 'aushalten' rather than give up?"
"What phrases do you use when you can no longer 'aushalten' something?"
Temas para diário
Describe a situation where you had to 'aushalten' a lot of pressure. How did you cope?
Think about a time you witnessed someone else 'aushalten' something very difficult. What did you learn from it?
How does your ability to 'aushalten' challenges affect your personal growth?
What are your personal limits? When do you know it's time you can no longer 'aushalten' something?
Imagine a future challenge you might have to 'aushalten'. How can you prepare yourself mentally and physically?
Perguntas frequentes
10 perguntasNo, 'aushalten' can refer to enduring physical pain, but it's also very commonly used for emotional distress, difficult situations, unpleasant conditions (like heat or noise), or prolonged waiting. The core idea is enduring something challenging.
'Ertragen' is a very close synonym and often interchangeable. However, 'aushalten' is generally more common in everyday spoken German and can imply a more active struggle or testing of limits. 'Ertragen' can sound more formal and is often used for more profound or inevitable suffering, like emotional pain or fate.
You use 'ausgehalten' when forming perfect tenses (present perfect and past perfect) with the auxiliary verbs 'haben' or 'sein'. For example: 'Ich habe die Hitze ausgehalten.' (I have endured the heat.)
Yes, in main clauses in the present and simple past tenses, the prefix 'aus-' separates and goes to the end of the sentence. For example: 'Ich halte das aus.' In subordinate clauses or with modal verbs, it stays attached: 'Ich weiß nicht, ob ich das aushalten kann.' or 'Ich weiß nicht, ob ich das aushalte.'
Yes, 'aushalten' can be used intransitively, often implying 'to be able to bear it' or 'to cope'. For example: 'Das ist kaum auszuhalten.' (That is hardly bearable.) or 'Ich halte es nicht mehr aus.' (I can't stand it anymore.)
The most direct opposites are 'aufgeben' (to give up) and 'erliegen' (to succumb to). Other related antonyms include 'kapitulieren' (to capitulate) and 'aufhören' (to stop).
'Aushalten' is a strong verb, meaning the stem vowel changes in the simple past tense. 'halten' becomes 'hielt'. So, the present tense is 'ich halte aus', but the simple past is 'ich hielt aus'. The past participle is 'ausgehalten'.
Yes, 'aushalten' is a very common verb in German, used frequently in both spoken and written language to describe the act of enduring or tolerating difficult circumstances.
Less commonly, but yes. For example, one might say a material 'hält die Belastung aus' (withstands the load), though 'standhalten' is often preferred in such technical contexts.
'Aushalten' implies enduring something unpleasant or painful, often with a sense of struggle or resilience. 'Tolerieren' is more about allowing or putting up with something, often in a social or moral context, and can imply a more passive acceptance.
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Summary
Aushalten means to endure, bear, or tolerate something difficult. It signifies resilience and the ability to withstand hardship, whether physical, emotional, or situational. Example: 'Ich kann diese Hitze nicht mehr <strong>aushalten</strong>.' (I can no longer stand this heat.)
- Endure difficult situations, pain, or discomfort.
- To withstand hardship or unpleasantness.
- Implies strength and perseverance.
- Commonly used for heat, cold, pain, and stress.
Master the 'au' Sound
The 'au' in 'aushalten' is pronounced like the 'ow' in 'how' or 'out'. Practice saying 'aus' on its own to get the sound right. Remember the stress is on this first syllable: AUS-hal-ten.
Prefix Placement
Always remember that 'aus-' is a separable prefix. In main sentences (present/past tense), it goes to the end: 'Ich halte das aus.' In subordinate clauses or with modal verbs, it stays attached: 'Ich kann das aushalten.'
Context is Key
'Aushalten' can be used for many things – heat, pain, boredom, criticism. Pay attention to the context to understand exactly what is being endured. This will help you use it correctly.
Visual Mnemonic
Imagine holding ('halten') something that's coming 'out' ('aus') at you, like a strong gust of wind. You have to hold firm against it – you have to 'aushalten'.
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