A regra do He/She/It: Adicionando -s e -es aos verbos
-es nos verbos quando o sujeito for ele (he), ela (she), isso (it) ou algo singular.
Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
In the Present Simple, always add an -s or -es to the verb when the subject is He, She, or It.
- Add -s to most verbs: He walks, She plays, It works.
- Add -es to verbs ending in -ch, -sh, -s, -x, or -z: She watches, He fixes.
- Change -y to -ies if there is a consonant before it: It flies, She studies.
Overview
s é o caractere mais sobrecarregado da língua inglesa? Parece que ela está em todo lugar. Mas no tempo Present Simple, ela tem um trabalho bem específico e exclusivo.Regra da Terceira Pessoa do Singular. Ela só se aplica quando você fala de outra pessoa — uma única pessoa ou coisa. Pense nisso como um imposto VIP.
s para cada he, she ou it na sua história. Se você esquecer, pode acabar parecendo um robô de um filme antigo de ficção científica. He like pizza. Funciona, mas falta aquele polimento de um falante nativo.posts todos os dias. Ele não apenas post. O algoritmo knows do que você gosta.know. Essa regra é a espinha dorsal da comunicação básica em inglês. É a diferença entre parecer um iniciante e parecer que você domina o pedaço.high-five verbal que você dá para he, she e it toda vez que eles aparecem em uma frase. Só lembre: uma pessoa, um s.How This Grammar Works
Clube Relax.I, you, we e they. Esse pessoal é de boa. Eles usam a forma base do verbo.I play games ou They order food. Sem letras extras, sem drama. Depois, tem o segundo clube: os Especialistas do Singular.he, she e it. Esse clube é exigente. Eles exigem um s extra no final de cada verbo.she é uma criadora do TikTok. Ela não apenas dance; ela dances. Se o he é um gamer, ele não faz stream; ele streams.it) não apenas work; ele works. Essa mudança só acontece em frases afirmativas no presente. É como um uniforme especial que eles usam.s simples. Outros precisam de um es para ficarem mais fáceis de pronunciar.watchs. Parece que você está espirrando! Então adicionamos uma vogal para ajudar: watches.Conjugation Table
| Form | Example | Translation |
|---|---|---|
| I | I work |
Eu trabalho |
| You | You work |
Você trabalha |
| He/She/It | He works |
Ele/Ela trabalha |
| We | We work |
Nós trabalhamos |
| They | They work |
Eles trabalham |
Formation Pattern
s nem sempre é tão simples quanto só jogá-lo no final. Existem quatro caminhos principais que você pode seguir, dependendo da personalidade do verbo (a grafia dele).
-s. Isso funciona para cerca de 90% dos verbos.
like → likes (He likes your photo.)
eat → eats (She eats sushi.)
play → plays (It plays music.)
-s, -ss, -sh, -ch, -x, -z) ou na letra -o, adicione -es. Isso torna a palavra mais fácil de dizer.
watch → watches (She watches Netflix.)
finish → finishes (He finishes his homework.)
go → goes (The bus goes to the city.)
fix → fixes (He fixes the Wi-Fi.)
Y (Consoantes): Se o verbo termina em consoante + y, o y fica com ciúmes e vai embora. Ele é substituído por ies.
study → studies (She studies for the exam.)
try → tries (He tries a new filter.)
fly → flies (The bird flies away.)
have → has (She has a new iPhone.)
do → does (He does his best.)
be → is (It is cold.)
Memory Trick
Pense no Passe-S VIP. He, She e It são os únicos na lista de convidados que podem carregar o passe S. Todo mundo tem que deixar o seu S na porta.
When To Use It
vibe ou a rotina de alguém.- Hábitos Diários:
He
wakesup at 7 AM.She
checksher emails immediately. - Fatos Permanentes:
The sun
risesin the east.Water
boilsat 100 degrees. - Horários:
The movie
startsat 8 PM.The train
leavesin ten minutes. - Estados Gerais:
She
loveschocolate.It
seemslike a good idea.
Politeness Levels
No inglês, não mudamos a terminação do verbo para ser mais formal. He speaks é usado tanto para um rei quanto para um colega de quarto. No entanto, há uma mudança moderna! Quando você não sabe o gênero de alguém, ou quer ser inclusivo, você pode usar o they singular.
- Informal/Moderno
Someone left their bag. They need it. (Note: sem o s aqui! They sempre segue as regras do Clube Relax, mesmo que se refira a uma única pessoa).
- Formal/Padrão
The candidate writes a cover letter.
Common Mistakes
- O S Fantasma: Adicionar um
sonde ele não pertence.I
(❌ Não!likesit.Iestá no Clube Relax). - A Armadilha da Negativa: Adicionar um
sem uma frase negativa. "He doesn'tlikesit." (❌ Incorreto! Osjá está escondido dentro dedoesn't. Use a forma base: "He doesn'tlikeit.") - O Deslize na Pergunta:
Does she
(❌ Não! De novo,plays?doesjá tem oes. UseDoes she
)play? - Falhas na Ortografia: Escrever
plaiesem vez deplays. Lembre-se: vogal +yganha apenas ums. Não complique as coisas!
Contrast With Similar Patterns
- Substantivos: Um
dog, doisdogs(Adicionarstorna plural). - Verbos: I
run, heruns(Adicionarstorna singular!).
s (como The boys), o verbo geralmente não tem (run). Se o sujeito não tem um s (como The boy), o verbo precisa de um (runs).Quick FAQ
O everyone leva s?
Sim! Palavras como everyone, someone e nobody são singulares na gramática inglesa.
Everyone loves a bargain.
E quanto aos verbos modais como can ou must?
Esses são os rebeldes supremos. Eles nunca levam s.
She can swim, e não She cans swim.
É has ou haves?
Com certeza has. Haves não é uma palavra (a menos que você esteja falando de
the haves and the have-nots, mas aí é outra história!).
Real Conversations
Cenário 1: Falando sobre um colega de quarto
Alex
Sam
Heworkslate on Tuesdays. He usuallygetshome around 9.
Cenário 2: Discutindo um novo app
User A:
This app crashes all the time.
User B:
Really? Mineworksperfectly. Maybe itneedsan update.
Progressive Practice
Nível Fácil: Olhe para o verbo eat. Mude-o para he. (Resposta: eats).
Nível Médio: Pense no seu melhor amigo. Escreva uma coisa que ele faz todos os dias.
My friend drinks coffee.
Nível Difícil: Corrija esta frase: "She don't go to the gym because she prefer to sleep."
(Resposta: "She doesn't go to the gym because she prefers to sleep.")
2. Negative Contractions
| Full Form | Contraction | Usage |
|---|---|---|
|
He does not
|
He doesn't
|
Very common
|
|
She does not
|
She doesn't
|
Very common
|
|
It does not
|
It doesn't
|
Very common
|
Present Simple Conjugation of 'To Work'
| Subject | Verb Form | Rule Applied |
|---|---|---|
|
I
|
work
|
Base form
|
|
You
|
work
|
Base form
|
|
He
|
works
|
Add -s
|
|
She
|
works
|
Add -s
|
|
It
|
works
|
Add -s
|
|
We
|
work
|
Base form
|
|
They
|
work
|
Base form
|
Meanings
The rule used to conjugate verbs in the present simple tense when the subject is a third-person singular pronoun or a singular noun.
Habits and Routines
Used to describe things that happen regularly or as a schedule.
“He drinks coffee every morning.”
“She goes to the gym on Tuesdays.”
General Truths
Used for facts that are always true.
“The sun rises in the east.”
“Water freezes at zero degrees.”
Permanent States
Used for things that stay the same for a long time.
“My brother lives in London.”
“She works for a big tech company.”
Reference Table
| Tipo de Final | Regra | Exemplo |
|---|---|---|
|
Maioria dos verbos
|
Adicione -s
|
work → works
|
|
Termina em -ch, -sh, -ss, -x
|
Adicione -es
|
watch → watches
|
|
Termina em -o
|
Adicione -es
|
go → goes
|
|
Consoante + -y
|
Mude para -ies
|
study → studies
|
|
Vogal + -y
|
Apenas adicione -s
|
play → plays
|
|
Irregular: Have
|
Vira Has
|
she has
|
|
Irregular: Be
|
Vira Is
|
it is
|
Espectro de formalidade
He serves as the Chief Executive Officer. (Professional)
He works as a manager. (Professional)
He's a boss. (Professional)
He runs the show. (Professional)
Regras do Sujeito He/She/It
Ortografia
- -s Geral
- -es sh/ch/x/o
- -ies cons + y
Irregulares
- has have
- is be
Clube do Relax vs. Clube do -S
Como Escrever o Verbo
Termina em -sh, -ch, -s, -x ou -o?
Termina em Consoante + Y?
Categorias de Terminações Verbais
Só +S
- • eats
- • likes
- • plays
O Grupo do +ES
- • fixes
- • washes
- • goes
O Esquadrão do -IES
- • carries
- • flies
- • cries
Exemplos por nível
He plays football.
Él juega al fútbol.
She drinks milk.
Ella bebe leche.
It rains a lot.
Llueve mucho.
My dad cooks dinner.
Mi papá cocina la cena.
She doesn't like apples.
A ella no le gustan las manzanas.
Does he work here?
¿Él trabaja aquí?
The bus stops near my house.
El autobús para cerca de mi casa.
He studies English every day.
Él estudia inglés todos los días.
The company provides free lunch.
La empresa proporciona almuerzo gratis.
He always carries a heavy bag.
Él siempre lleva una bolsa pesada.
She rarely misses a deadline.
Ella rara vez pierde una fecha límite.
It seems like a good idea.
Parece una buena idea.
The theory suggests that time is relative.
La teoría sugiere que el tiempo es relativo.
He maintains his innocence despite the evidence.
Él mantiene su inocencia a pesar de las pruebas.
The government denies any involvement.
El gobierno niega cualquier implicación.
She possesses a unique talent for music.
Ella posee un talento único para la música.
The author argues that society is changing.
El autor sostiene que la sociedad está cambiando.
Each of the participants receives a certificate.
Cada uno de los participantes recibe un certificado.
The success of the project depends on teamwork.
El éxito del proyecto depende del trabajo en equipo.
He seldom expresses his true feelings.
Él rara vez expresa sus verdaderos sentimientos.
One finds that the data contradicts the hypothesis.
Uno encuentra que los datos contradicen la hipótesis.
The law stipulates that all citizens must pay taxes.
La ley estipula que todos los ciudadanos deben pagar impuestos.
The protagonist's journey symbolizes human growth.
El viaje del protagonista simboliza el crecimiento humano.
The economy fluctuates based on global trends.
La economía fluctúa según las tendencias globales.
Fácil de confundir
Both use an 's', but for opposite reasons. Nouns use 's' to show there are many; verbs use 's' to show there is only one subject.
Learners often use 'is' with the -s verb, which is incorrect.
Modal verbs are special and NEVER take an -s, even for He/She/It.
Erros comuns
He play football.
He plays football.
She haves a dog.
She has a dog.
It rain today.
It rains today.
My friend like pizza.
My friend likes pizza.
He doesn't likes pizza.
He doesn't like pizza.
Does she goes to school?
Does she go to school?
He studys hard.
He studies hard.
The people likes the movie.
The people like the movie.
Everyone have a dream.
Everyone has a dream.
The news are bad.
The news is bad.
The data shows that...
The data show that...
Padrões de frases
He ___ (verb) every day.
She doesn't ___ (verb) because ___.
Does he ___ (verb) at ___ (time)?
It ___ (verb) like a ___ (noun).
Real World Usage
He says he's coming at 8.
My current boss relies on my reports.
She looks so cute in this photo!
My friend wants the burger, please.
The flight departs from Gate 4.
The liquid reacts with the metal.
A Regra do 'Does'
Cuidado com o '-y'
plays). 'Study' tem uma consoante (d), então vira studies.'They' Singular
They are a good student.ou
They like pizza.Smart Tips
Think of 'doesn't' as a thief. It steals the 's' from the verb and keeps it for itself!
Look at the letter BEFORE the 'y'. If it's a, e, i, o, u, just add 's'. If not, change it to 'ies'.
In American English, treat the group as 'It' (singular). In British English, you can often use either singular or plural.
Always use the -s. These words feel plural but they are grammatically singular.
Pronúncia
The /s/ sound
Use /s/ after voiceless sounds like p, t, k, f.
The /z/ sound
Use /z/ after voiced sounds like b, d, g, v, l, m, n, r and vowels.
The /ɪz/ sound
Use /ɪz/ after hissing sounds (s, z, sh, ch, x). This adds an extra syllable.
Declarative Stress
He WORKS in a BANK.
Standard emphasis on the verb and the object.
Memorize
Mnemônico
He, She, It, the 'S' must fit!
Associação visual
Imagine a snake (shaped like an S) following a boy, a girl, and a robot wherever they go. The snake is their pet that only likes them, not 'I' or 'You'.
Rhyme
He, She, It, and singular nouns, Wear the 'S' like golden crowns.
Story
The letter 'S' is a very shy letter. It is too scared to talk to 'I', 'You', 'We', or 'They'. But it feels very safe with 'He', 'She', and 'It'. Whenever they do an action, 'S' jumps onto the end of the word to join the fun.
Word Web
Desafio
Look around the room. Find one person or one object. Say three things they do using the -s rule. (e.g., 'The clock ticks. My brother sleeps. The fan turns.')
Notas culturais
The -s is strictly required in formal writing and professional speech. Omitting it can be seen as a sign of low education or non-native status.
In AAVE, the third-person -s is often omitted. This is a systematic grammatical feature of the dialect, not a 'mistake' within that context.
In international business where neither speaker is native, the -s is often dropped without loss of meaning. However, for exams like IELTS/TOEFL, it is mandatory.
The -s ending comes from the Northumbrian dialect of Old English, where it was -es.
Iniciadores de conversa
What does your best friend do for fun?
Tell me about your pet's daily routine.
How does your favorite celebrity spend their time?
Describe how a machine in your house works.
Temas para diário
Erros comuns
Test Yourself
My brother ___ at a bank.
Escolha a frase gramaticalmente correta sobre um gato:
Find and fix the mistake:
She wash her car every Sunday.
Score: /3
Exercicios praticos
8 exercisesHe ___ (work) in an office.
Which sentence is correct?
Find and fix the mistake:
My brother study Spanish on Mondays.
watch / he / TV / every / night
She ___ to the park.
1. I / 2. She / 3. They
We add -s to the verb when the subject is 'You'.
A: Does your sister live here? B: No, she ___ in London.
Score: /8
Practice Bank
10 exercisesHe ___ to the gym at 6 PM.
The plane fly high in the sky.
every / He / Netflix / night / watches
Ella tiene un gato.
My phone ___ a lot of battery.
Associe o seguinte:
The sun ___ (shine) brightly today.
Does he likes pizza?
always / She / her / finishes / work
He ___ to learn.
Score: /10
Perguntas frequentes (8)
The verb `have` is irregular. Over hundreds of years, the 'v' sound was dropped in the third person to make it easier to say. So, `has` is just a shorter, irregular version of `haves`.
No! Modal verbs like `can`, `will`, `should`, and `must` never take an -s. You say `He can swim`, not `He cans swim`.
Uncountable nouns like `water`, `money`, or `sugar` are treated as `It`. So you add the -s: `The water boils at 100 degrees.`
It is `flies`. Because `fly` ends in a consonant (l) + y, you must change the `y` to `i` and add `es`.
In some dialects or very casual speech, people might drop the -s. However, in standard English and all formal situations, it is considered a mistake.
No. In the past tense, the verb form is usually the same for all people (e.g., `I worked`, `He worked`). This rule is only for the Present Simple.
If you use 'singular they' (when you don't know the gender or someone prefers it), you do NOT add the -s. You say `They work here`, even if you mean one person.
Practice 'shadowing' native speakers. When you hear a 'He' or 'She', listen for that 's' sound at the end of the next word. It takes time to become a habit!
Scaffolded Practice
1
2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
Conjugación de la tercera persona (-a, -e)
English only has one special ending (-s), while Spanish has six.
Troisième personne du singulier
The English -s is always pronounced, whereas French endings are often silent.
Dritte Person Singular (-t)
German also changes the verb for 'you' and 'we', which English doesn't do.
None
Japanese speakers must learn to add a sound that doesn't exist in their grammar logic.
Al-mudaari' (Present tense prefixes)
Arabic distinguishes between 'he' and 'she' in the verb form, while English uses -s for both.
None
English grammar requires a physical change to the word, which is a new concept for Chinese speakers.
Learning Path
Prerequisites
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