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A1 noun #1,500 mais comum 7 min de leitura

علت

Q: Is 'علل' the only plural of 'علت'?

No, you can also use 'علتها', but 'علل' is more formal.

ellat Top 1,500

Pratique Exemplos Notas e dicas علت em 30 segundos

Explicação علت in your Level:

At the A1 level, 'علت' is introduced as a simple word for 'reason'. Students learn it in basic sentences to explain why they are late or why they like something. The focus is on the phrase 'به علتِ' (due to) followed by a simple noun like 'ترافیک' (traffic) or 'بیماری' (illness). Learners at this stage should be able to recognize the word in signs and simple texts and use it to provide basic explanations for their actions. It is one of the first 'analytical' words a student learns, moving beyond simple descriptions to basic causality.

At the A2 level, learners expand their use of 'علت' to include simple possessive forms like 'علتش' (its reason). They start to use it in more varied contexts, such as describing weather events or simple health issues. The distinction between 'علت' and 'چون' (because) becomes clearer; 'علت' is used with nouns, while 'چون' starts a new sentence. Students also begin to encounter the word in short news snippets and are expected to identify the 'cause' in a simple narrative.

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By B1, students use 'علت' in more complex sentence structures. They can discuss social issues and provide multiple 'علت‌ها' for a problem. The concept of 'علت اصلی' (main cause) is introduced. Learners are expected to use the word in written assignments to structure their arguments. They also begin to see the word in more formal contexts, such as office memos or educational materials. The ability to ask 'علت این موضوع چیست؟' in a professional or academic tone is a key milestone at this level.

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At the B2 level, the distinction between 'علت' (cause) and 'دلیل' (reason/proof) becomes a focus. Students learn to use 'علت' for scientific and objective phenomena and 'دلیل' for logical arguments. They also encounter the Arabic plural 'علل' in formal texts and academic articles. Their vocabulary expands to include collocations like 'علت و معلول' (cause and effect). They can participate in debates where they must identify and explain the underlying causes of complex global or local issues using nuanced language.

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C1 learners use 'علت' with high precision in academic and professional writing. They understand its philosophical implications and can discuss 'علت غایی' (final cause) or 'علت تامه' (sufficient cause) in specialized contexts. They are comfortable using the word in legal, medical, or technical reports. At this level, the student can analyze the 'علل و عوامل' (causes and factors) of a situation, showing a deep understanding of how different variables interact. Their usage is indistinguishable from a native speaker's in terms of register and collocation.

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At the C2 level, the user masters the most subtle nuances of 'علت'. They can appreciate its use in classical Persian literature and philosophy, such as the works of Avicenna or Rumi, where 'علت' is a technical term in metaphysics. They can use the word to construct complex, multi-layered arguments in high-level academic discourse. The user is also aware of the historical evolution of the word and its cognates in other languages. Their command over the word allows them to use it creatively or rhetorically to influence an audience or provide profound insights.

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علت em 30 segundos

علت (Ellat) means 'cause' or 'reason' and is used to explain why something happens in physical, scientific, or logical contexts.
The phrase 'به علتِ' (be ellat-e) is the standard way to say 'due to' or 'because of' in Persian.
It is often paired with 'معلول' (effect) in philosophical and scientific discussions to describe causality.
While similar to 'دلیل' (dalil), 'علت' is more objective and 'دلیل' is more subjective or argumentative.

The Persian word علت (pronounced 'ellat') is a fundamental noun primarily translated as 'cause' or 'reason'. Rooted in Arabic linguistics, it serves as the cornerstone for discussing causality, logic, and the origins of events in both everyday conversation and high-level academic discourse. In its simplest form, it answers the question 'Why?'. However, its application spans across medical, legal, scientific, and philosophical contexts, making it one of the most versatile words in the Persian lexicon.

Grammatical Category: Noun (اسم). It can take plural forms like 'علل' (elal) or 'علت‌ها' (ellat-hā).

علت اصلی ترافیک امروز تصادف بود.

Translation: The main cause of today's traffic was an accident.

When we look at 'علت', we are looking at the 'source' of an effect. In Persian philosophy, the concept of 'علت و معلول' (Cause and Effect) is a central theme. While 'دلیل' (dalil) is often used interchangeably, 'علت' implies a more direct, often physical or deterministic link between two events. For instance, a virus is the 'علت' of a disease, whereas a person's motivation might be the 'دلیل' for their actions. This nuance is vital for learners aiming for C1 or C2 proficiency.

Plural Forms: علل (Arabic broken plural) - Used in formal writing. علت‌ها (Standard Persian plural) - Used in common speech.

دانشمندان در حال بررسی علل گرمایش زمین هستند.

In medical terminology, 'علت مرگ' (cause of death) is a standard phrase found in reports. In legal contexts, establishing the 'علت' of a crime is necessary for a verdict. The word carries a weight of objectivity. If you say 'به این علت' (for this reason), you are pointing to a specific, identifiable factor. This objectivity distinguishes it from 'بهانه' (excuse), which implies a subjective or false reason.

او به علت بیماری نتوانست به مدرسه بیاید.

Semantic Range: From 'physical trigger' to 'logical justification'.

هیچ معلولی بدون علت نیست.

آیا علت این رفتار را می‌دانید؟

Using 'علت' correctly requires understanding its role as a noun and its function within prepositional phrases. The most common construction is 'به علتِ' (be ellat-e), which translates to 'due to' or 'because of'. This is almost always followed by a noun or a noun phrase. For example, 'به علت باران' (due to rain). It is more formal than using 'چون' (because) which is a conjunction followed by a clause.

Common Structure 1: [Noun] + علتِ + [Noun] -> علتِ بیماری (The cause of the illness).

پزشک هنوز علت درد را پیدا نکرده است.

In conversational Persian, you might hear people ask 'علتش چیه؟' (Ellatesh chiye? - What's the reason for it?). Here, the suffix '-esh' acts as a possessive pronoun (its cause). This is a very natural way to ask for an explanation. In more formal settings, you would ask 'علت این موضوع چیست؟' (What is the cause of this matter?).

Common Structure 2: به علتِ + [Noun] -> به علتِ ترافیک دیر رسیدم (I arrived late due to traffic).

پروازها به علت طوفان لغو شدند.

Another important usage is in the phrase 'بی‌علت' (bi-ellat), meaning 'without cause' or 'for no reason'. If someone is angry 'بی‌علت', they are angry without a valid justification. This is often used to describe random or unpredictable events. Conversely, 'با علت' is rarely used; instead, we use 'موجه' (justified) or 'منطقی' (logical).

او هیچ‌وقت بی‌علت کسی را سرزنش نمی‌کند.

Common Structure 3: علتِ اصلی (Main cause) vs. علتِ فرعی (Secondary cause).

علت اصلی موفقیت او پشتکار است.

ما باید علت این پدیده را پیدا کنیم.

You will encounter 'علت' in almost every sphere of Iranian life. In the news, it's ubiquitous. News anchors frequently report on the 'علت حادثه' (cause of the accident) or 'علت نوسانات بازار' (cause of market fluctuations). It provides the analytical backbone of journalistic reporting. If there is a power outage, the radio will announce the 'علت قطعی برق'.

اخبار: علت انفجار در دست بررسی است.

In a medical setting, doctors use it to discuss diagnoses. A patient might ask, 'علت این سردرد چیست؟' (What is the cause of this headache?). The doctor might reply by listing 'علل مختلف' (various causes) like stress or dehydration. It is the standard term for etiology in Persian medicine.

دکتر: علت بیماری شما ویروسی است.

In the classroom, teachers use 'علت' to prompt students to think critically. 'علت سقوط امپراتوری روم چه بود؟' (What was the cause of the fall of the Roman Empire?). It is a keyword in history, science, and social studies. Students learn to distinguish between 'علت' (the root cause) and 'بهانه' (the immediate excuse or pretext).

معلم: علت علمی بارش باران را توضیح دهید.

In daily life, it appears in public announcements. 'به علت تعمیرات، مترو بسته است' (Due to repairs, the metro is closed). You see it on signs, in emails, and hear it in phone recordings. It is the polite and formal way to explain a disruption or a change in plans.

اطلاعیه: به علت آلودگی هوا، مدارس تعطیل هستند.

Finally, in literature and philosophy, 'علت' is used to discuss the nature of existence. Classical Persian poetry often explores the 'علت غایی' (final cause or purpose) of life. While the word is common, its depth in philosophical texts is significant, often paired with 'معلول' (effect) to describe the chain of being.

در فلسفه، خدا را علت نخستین می‌نامند.

One of the most frequent mistakes learners make is confusing 'علت' (ellat) with 'دلیل' (dalil). While often translated both as 'reason', 'علت' is generally used for objective, external causes (like the cause of a fire), whereas 'دلیل' is used for subjective reasons, arguments, or proofs (like the reason for a decision). Using 'علت' when you mean 'proof' can sound unnatural.

Incorrect Usage: من هیچ علتی برای حرفم ندارم. (I have no cause for my word.) -> Better: من هیچ دلیلی برای حرفم ندارم. (I have no proof/reason for my word.)

اشتباه: علت ریاضی این مسئله چیست؟ (What is the cause of this math problem?)

Another mistake is the misuse of the preposition 'به'. Learners sometimes say 'برای علت' instead of 'به علت'. In Persian, 'due to' is strictly 'به علتِ'. Using 'برای' (for) makes the sentence grammatically incorrect in this context. Remember: 'به علتِ' + Noun.

Pluralization is another tricky area. While 'علت‌ها' is perfectly fine, in formal writing, the Arabic plural 'علل' is preferred. Learners often forget the 'ezafe' (the linking -e sound) when using the plural. It should be 'عللِ این مشکل' (elal-e in moshkel), not just 'علل این مشکل'.

درست: بررسی عللِ فقر (Examining the causes of poverty).

Finally, don't confuse 'علت' with 'علاقه' (interest) or 'علامت' (sign/symptom). Though they start with the same letter, they are entirely different. A 'علامت' (sign) might be a 'علت' (cause) of concern, but they are not synonyms. Using 'علت' when you mean 'symptom' is a common slip for beginners.

اشتباه: تب یکی از علت‌های آنفولانزا است. (Fever is a cause of flu - Incorrect, it's a symptom/علامت).

Persian has several words that overlap with 'علت', and distinguishing them is key to advanced fluency. The most common are 'دلیل', 'سبب', and 'جهت'. While they all relate to 'why', their usage contexts differ significantly.

علت (Ellat) vs. دلیل (Dalil): 'علat' is the objective cause (scientific/physical). 'Dalil' is the logical reason or proof (argumentative).

علت باران بخار آب است؛ دلیل من برای چتر بردن، خیس نشدن است.

'سبب' (Sabab) is another synonym, often used in more literary or formal contexts. It is very close to 'علت' and is often used in the phrase 'به سببِ' (by reason of). In modern spoken Persian, 'علت' is much more common than 'سبب'.

علت (Ellat) vs. سبب (Sabab): 'Ellat' is standard and versatile. 'Sabab' is formal, literary, and often implies a chain of events.

او به سببِ مشکلات مالی مهاجرت کرد.

'جهت' (Jehat) literally means 'direction', but in the phrase 'به جهتِ' (be jehat-e), it means 'for the sake of' or 'due to'. It is often used in administrative or formal writing to explain the purpose or reason for an action. It is less about 'cause' and more about 'purpose'.

علت (Ellat) vs. جهت (Jehat): 'Ellat' looks backward at what caused something. 'Jehat' often looks forward at the purpose or direction of an action.

به جهتِ اطلاع شما (For your information).

ما باید علت، دلیل و سبب این اتفاق را جداگانه بررسی کنیم.

How Formal Is It?

Nível de dificuldade

Gramática essencial

Ezafe construction

Prepositional phrases

Arabic broken plurals

Possessive suffixes

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Exemplos por nível

علت ترافیک چیست؟

What is the cause of the traffic?

Simple question structure.

او به علت بیماری نیامد.

He didn't come due to illness.

Use of 'be ellat-e' + noun.

علت این صدا چیست؟

What is the cause of this noise?

Using 'in' (this) to specify the subject.

به علت باران، بازی لغو شد.

Due to rain, the game was cancelled.

Prepositional phrase at the start.

علت خنده تو چیست؟

What is the reason for your laughter?

Possessive 'to' (your).

من علت را نمی‌دانم.

I don't know the cause.

Direct object with 'rā'.

علت خوشحالی او هدیه بود.

The cause of her happiness was the gift.

Noun + Ezafe + Noun.

به علت برف، هوا سرد است.

Due to snow, the weather is cold.

Simple cause-effect statement.

علتش را به من بگو.

Tell me the reason for it.

Suffix '-ash' for 'its'.

او به علت خستگی زود خوابید.

He slept early due to tiredness.

Linking a state to an action.

علت اصلی این مشکل چیست؟

What is the main cause of this problem?

Adjective 'asli' (main).

به علت تعطیلات، بانک بسته است.

Due to holidays, the bank is closed.

Common public announcement style.

آیا علت غیبت او را می‌دانید؟

Do you know the reason for his absence?

Formal inquiry.

علت این همه سر و صدا چیست؟

What is the cause of all this noise?

Emphasis with 'in hame'.

او به علت کار زیاد وقت ندارد.

He doesn't have time due to much work.

Cause of a lack of something.

علت خرابی ماشین مشخص نیست.

The cause of the car's breakdown is not clear.

Negative 'moshakhas nist'.

دانشمندان در حال بررسی علت بیماری هستند.

Scientists are investigating the cause of the disease.

Present continuous tense.

به علت کمبود وقت، جلسه کوتاه بود.

Due to lack of time, the meeting was short.

Abstract noun 'kambud' (lack).

علت مهاجرت بسیاری از جوانان چیست؟

What is the cause of the migration of many youths?

Social context usage.

او به علت مهارت بالایش استخدام شد.

He was hired due to his high skill.

Positive cause.

علت تغییر ناگهانی هوا چیست؟

What is the cause of the sudden weather change?

Adjective 'nāgahāni' (sudden).

به علت نقص فنی، قطار متوقف شد.

Due to a technical fault, the train stopped.

Technical term 'naqs-e fanni'.

علت موفقیت این شرکت مدیریت خوب است.

The cause of this company's success is good management.

Business context.

او بی‌علت از من عصبانی شد.

He got angry with me for no reason.

Adverbial use of 'bi-ellat'.

باید بین علت و معلول تفاوت قائل شد.

One must distinguish between cause and effect.

Philosophical/Logical pairing.

علل مختلفی برای سقوط بازار وجود دارد.

There are various causes for the market crash.

Use of Arabic plural 'elal'.

به علت نوسانات ارزی، قیمت‌ها افزایش یافت.

Due to currency fluctuations, prices increased.

Economic terminology.

علت اصلی فقر در این منطقه چیست؟

What is the primary cause of poverty in this region?

Sociological inquiry.

او به علت نقض قوانین جریمه شد.

He was fined due to violating the rules.

Legal context.

علت واقعی این تصمیم هنوز فاش نشده است.

The real cause of this decision has not yet been revealed.

Passive voice 'fāsh nashode'.

به علت آلودگی شدید، تنفس دشوار است.

Due to severe pollution, breathing is difficult.

Environmental context.

علت روان‌شناختی این رفتار پیچیده است.

The psychological cause of this behavior is complex.

Scientific adjective.

تحلیل علل و عوامل بحران اقتصادی ضروری است.

Analyzing the causes and factors of the economic crisis is essential.

Formal academic phrasing.

به علت تضاد منافع، توافق حاصل نشد.

Due to conflict of interest, no agreement was reached.

Political/Legal terminology.

علت تامه برای وقوع این پدیده فراهم نبود.

The sufficient cause for the occurrence of this phenomenon was not present.

Philosophical term 'ellat-e tāmme'.

او به علت خدمات ارزنده‌اش مدال گرفت.

He received a medal due to his valuable services.

High register 'arzandeh'.

علت غایی آفرینش در متون عرفانی بحث شده است.

The final cause of creation has been discussed in mystical texts.

Theological/Mystical context.

به علت ابهام در متن، تفسیرهای متفاوتی وجود دارد.

Due to ambiguity in the text, different interpretations exist.

Literary/Legal analysis.

علت زیربنایی این تحولات، تغییرات فرهنگی است.

The underlying cause of these developments is cultural changes.

Sociological term 'zir-banāyi'.

پدیده 'علت و معلول' در فیزیک کوانتوم به چالش کشیده شده است.

The 'cause and effect' phenomenon is challenged in quantum physics.

Scientific discourse.

حکما بر این باورند که هر معلولی نیازمند علتی است.

Sages believe that every effect requires a cause.

Classical philosophical style.

به علت پیچیدگی‌های ژئوپلیتیک، صلح پایدار دشوار است.

Due to geopolitical complexities, lasting peace is difficult.

Advanced political science.

علت فاعلی و علت مادی در فلسفه ارسطویی متمایز هستند.

Efficient cause and material cause are distinct in Aristotelian philosophy.

Technical philosophical terminology.

او به علت نبوغ سرشارش، مرزهای دانش را جابجا کرد.

Due to his overflowing genius, he pushed the boundaries of knowledge.

Poetic/Academic praise.

علت وجودی این نهاد در هاله‌ای از ابهام است.

The raison d'être of this institution is shrouded in ambiguity.

Idiomatic 'hāl-e-i az ebhām'.

به علت ساختارهای صلب اجتماعی، تغییر به کندی صورت می‌گیرد.

Due to rigid social structures, change occurs slowly.

Sociological jargon 'solb'.

جستجوی علت نخستین، غایت بسیاری از مکاتب فکری است.

The search for the first cause is the goal of many schools of thought.

Metaphysical discourse.

علت تامه در گرو اجتماع جمیع شرایط است.

The sufficient cause depends on the gathering of all conditions.

Formal logic.

Sinônimos

سبب دلیل باعث جهت واسطه موجب منشأ عامل

Antônimos

معلول نتیجه اثر پیامد

Colocações comuns

علت اصلی

به علتِ

علت مرگ

علت حادثه

بدون علت

علت و معلول

علت وجودی

علت بیماری

علت شکست

علت پیروزی

Frases Comuns

به چه علتی؟

به همین علت

علت خاصی ندارد

علتش این است که...

به علت ضیق وقت

علت تامه

علت غایی

علت فاعلی

علت مادی

علت صوری

Frequentemente confundido com

علت vs دلیل

Dalil is logical/subjective; Ellat is physical/objective.

علت vs علامت

Alamat is a sign or symptom; Ellat is the cause.

علت vs علاقه

Alaqe means interest; Ellat means cause.

Expressões idiomáticas

"بی‌علت نیست"

"علت و معلول"

"دنبال علت گشتن"

"علت‌تراشی کردن"

"کشف علت"

"ریشه و علت"

"علت‌العلل"

"به هر علتی"

"علت وجودی"

"بدون هیچ علتی"

Fácil de confundir

علت vs

Padrões de frases

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Como usar

legal

Used for motive or cause of action.

medical

Used for etiology.

philosophical

Used for causality.

Erros comuns

Using 'برای علت' instead of 'به علت'.
Confusing 'علت' (cause) with 'علامت' (sign).
Forgetting the ezafe in 'علتِ مشکل'.
Using 'علت' for logical proofs where 'دلیل' is better.
Pluralizing it as 'علتات' (incorrect) instead of 'علل' or 'علت‌ها'.

Dicas

Ezafe is Key

Always remember the 'e' sound (ezafe) after 'علت' when connecting it to another word.

Formal vs Informal

Use 'علل' in your writing to sound more academic and professional.

Objective vs Subjective

Use 'علت' for things you can see or measure, like rain or a broken car.

Politeness

Asking 'به چه علتی؟' is more formal and polite than just asking 'چرا؟'.

Pairing

Learn 'علت' (cause) and 'معلول' (effect) together as a pair.

News

Pay attention to news headlines; 'علت' is one of the most frequent words used there.

Structure

Start your paragraphs with 'یکی از عللِ...' to introduce points in an essay.

Suffixes

Listen for 'علتش' in fast speech; the 'sh' at the end refers to the thing being discussed.

Scientific Thinking

Use 'علت' when discussing scientific facts or mechanical processes.

Philosophy

In Persian philosophy, 'علت' is a deep concept; don't be afraid to use it in serious discussions.

Memorize

Origem da palavra

Arabic

Contexto cultural

هیچ معلولی بدون علت نیست (There is no effect without a cause).

When asking for a reason in a formal setting, use 'علت'. In casual settings with friends, 'چرا' (why) or 'دلیل' is more common.

Pratique na vida real

Contextos reais

Iniciadores de conversa

"علت علاقه شما به زبان فارسی چیست؟"

"به نظر شما علت اصلی ترافیک تهران چیست؟"

"علت موفقیت شما در این پروژه چه بود؟"

"آیا علت این تغییر ناگهانی را می‌دانید؟"

"علت سفر شما به ایران چه بود؟"

Temas para diário

در مورد علت‌های خوشحالی خود بنویسید.

علت اصلی یک مشکل در شهر خود را تحلیل کنید.

چرا یادگیری زبان جدید مهم است؟ (علت‌های آن را بنویسید)

در مورد یک اتفاق بی‌علت در زندگی‌تان بنویسید.

علت انتخاب شغل فعلی‌تان چیست؟

Perguntas frequentes

10 perguntas

علت is usually a physical or scientific cause, while دلیل is a logical reason or proof.

You use the phrase 'به علتِ' followed by a noun.

No, you can also use 'علت‌ها', but 'علل' is more formal.

Yes, but 'دلیل' or 'انگیزه' (motivation) is often more common for personal motives.

It means 'without cause' or 'for no reason'.

Yes, it is an Arabic loanword used extensively in Persian.

It is pronounced 'el-lat' with a short 'e' and a stressed double 'l'.

In classical Persian or Arabic, yes, but in modern Persian, it almost always means 'cause'.

It is the Persian term for 'Cause and Effect'.

Use 'به علت' with a noun and 'چون' with a full sentence/clause.

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