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B1 noun 7 min de leitura

بیننده

binandeh
Exemplos بیننده em 30 segundos
Explicação بیننده in your Level:
At the A1 level, you are just starting to learn basic nouns. Think of 'binande' as a word related to the verb 'didan' (to see). You might not use 'binande' in your first week of Persian, but you will hear it if you watch any Persian video. It's the person who is doing the 'seeing.' Just remember: 'man mibinam' (I see) -> 'man binande hastam' (I am a viewer). It's a simple way to describe yourself when you are watching a movie or looking at a picture in your textbook. You don't need to worry about complex grammar yet; just recognize it as the 'watching-person.'
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At the A2 level, you should start using 'binande' to describe your hobbies. If you like watching TV, you can say 'Man binande-ye serial-haye Irani hastam' (I am a viewer of Iranian series). You should also learn the plural form 'binandegan' because you will hear it in every YouTube video or news clip you try to watch for practice. At this stage, focus on the connection between the verb 'didan' and this noun. Understanding how the '-ande' suffix works will help you learn other words like 'navisande' (writer) or 'ranande' (driver).
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At the B1 level, 'binande' becomes a key word for discussing media, culture, and society. You should be able to use it to talk about the popularity of films or the impact of television programs. You will learn to use it with adjectives, like 'binande-ye amature' (amateur viewer) or 'binande-ye herfe-i' (professional viewer). You should also understand the difference between 'binande' and 'tamashachi' (someone at a live event). This is the level where you start to notice how 'binande' is used in formal introductions on TV, and you should be able to follow simple news reports that mention 'tedad-e binandegan' (number of viewers).
At the B2 level, you can use 'binande' in more abstract and critical ways. You might discuss the 'psychology of the viewer' (ravanshenasi-ye binande) or how a director 'manipulates the viewer's emotions.' You should be comfortable using the word in debates about media ethics or the quality of Iranian cinema. You'll also encounter it in more literary contexts, where it might refer to an observer of nature or life. Your vocabulary should include collocations like 'jazb-e binande' (attracting viewers) and 'rezaiyat-e binande' (viewer satisfaction).
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At the C1 level, 'binande' is used in academic and professional discussions. You will read research papers about 'sociology of media' that analyze 'binandegan' as a demographic. You will understand the subtle nuances between 'binande,' 'nazer' (observer), and 'moshahede-konandeh' (scientific observer). You should be able to write an essay on how digital platforms have changed the 'behavior of the viewer' (raftar-e binande). You will also recognize the word in classical-style modern poetry where 'binande' might take on a philosophical meaning, referring to the 'eye' that perceives the truth of the world.
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At the C2 level, your mastery of 'binande' is complete. You understand its place in the history of the Persian language and its evolution in media discourse. You can use it in high-level literary analysis, perhaps discussing the 'death of the viewer' in postmodern art or the 'active vs. passive viewer' in political propaganda. You can effortlessly switch between formal media Persian and informal speech, knowing exactly when 'binande' is the most appropriate term. You can also appreciate wordplay involving 'bin' (vision) and its various derivatives in complex Persian prose.
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Exemplos

بیننده em 30 segundos

  • Binande means viewer or spectator in Persian.
  • It comes from the present stem of 'didan' (to see) plus '-ande'.
  • Commonly used for TV audiences and art gallery visitors.
  • The formal plural form is 'binandegan', often used in media.

The Persian word بیننده (binande) is a fundamental noun in the Persian language, primarily used to denote a 'viewer' or 'spectator.' Linguistically, it is an agent noun formed by combining the present stem of the verb didan (to see), which is بین (bin), with the suffix -نده (-ande). This suffix is a highly productive tool in Persian grammar used to indicate the person or thing that performs the action of the verb. Therefore, binande literally translates to 'the one who sees' or 'the one who watches.'

Media Context
In the modern world, the most common application of binande is within the realm of television, cinema, and digital media. When a news anchor addresses the audience, they rarely use 'people'; instead, they use the collective plural بینندگان (binandegan). This term encompasses everyone watching the broadcast, regardless of their location.

این برنامه میلیون‌ها بیننده در سراسر کشور دارد.
(This program has millions of viewers across the country.)

Artistic and Social Observation
Beyond the screen, binande is used in art galleries and museums to describe those contemplating works of art. It implies a level of focus and engagement. Unlike a passerby (rahgozar), a binande is intentionally looking at something. In a broader social sense, it can refer to an onlooker or a witness to an event, though 'shahed' is more common for legal witnesses.

یک بیننده دقیق متوجه جزئیات نقاشی می‌شود.
(A careful viewer notices the details of the painting.)

Formal Address
In formal Persian, especially in speeches or television scripts, you will often hear the phrase binandegan-e gerami (dear viewers). This is the standard way to acknowledge the audience and is considered polite and professional.

با سلام به همه‌ی بینندگان عزیز مجله‌ی خبری.
(Greetings to all the dear viewers of the news magazine.)

فیلم باید بتواند بیننده را تا انتها با خود همراه کند.
(The film must be able to keep the viewer engaged until the end.)

تعداد بینندگان آنلاین این مسابقه رکورد زد.
(The number of online viewers for this match broke the record.)

Using بیننده correctly involves understanding its grammatical role as a noun and its specific pluralization patterns. In Persian, nouns can be made plural using '-ha' or the more formal '-an.' For 'binande,' the formal plural بینندگان (binandegan) is extremely common, especially in media and literature. When using the plural form, the silent 'h' at the end of 'binande' is dropped and replaced by 'g' before adding 'an.' This is a standard phonetic rule in Persian for words ending in 'e' (silent heh).

As a Subject
When 'binande' is the subject of a sentence, it often takes adjectives to describe the quality of the viewing experience. For example, 'binande-ye hoshiyar' (the alert viewer) or 'binande-ye amature' (the amateur viewer).

بیننده از دیدن صحنه‌های اکشن لذت برد.
(The viewer enjoyed seeing the action scenes.)

As an Object
In the object position, it usually refers to the target audience of a creative work. Verbs like 'jazb kardan' (to attract) or 'sargarmi dadan' (to entertain) frequently take 'binande' as their object.

این مستند بیننده را به فکر فرو می‌برد.
(This documentary makes the viewer ponder.)

Collective Usage
In statistics and reports, 'binande' is used to talk about ratings. You might hear 'tedad-e binandegan' (the number of viewers) or 'meizan-e jazb-e binande' (the rate of viewer attraction).

شبکه‌ی سه بیشترین بیننده را در زمان افطار داشت.
(Channel 3 had the most viewers during the Iftar time.)

هر بیننده‌ای برداشت خاص خود را از این فیلم دارد.
(Every viewer has their own specific interpretation of this film.)

او به عنوان یک بیننده بی‌طرف نظر داد.
(He commented as an impartial viewer.)

The word بیننده is ubiquitous in the Iranian media landscape. If you turn on an Iranian TV channel (like IRIB), you will hear it within minutes. It is the standard term used by presenters, journalists, and critics. Because Persian culture places a high value on formal politeness (ta'arof), the way 'binande' is used in public broadcasts is often very respectful and stylized.

Television News
News anchors always start their segments by addressing the audience. Phrases like 'Binandegan-e aziz, shab-e shoma bekheir' (Dear viewers, good night to you) are standard boilerplate. In this context, it functions as a bridge between the speaker and the public.

ما منتظر نظرات شما بینندگان هستیم.
(We are waiting for the comments of you viewers.)

Film Criticism
In 'Haft' (a famous Iranian film review show) or written reviews in magazines like 'Film,' critics discuss how the 'binande' perceives the cinematography or the plot. They might say, 'The director failed to connect with the binande.'

کارگردان سعی دارد بیننده را غافلگیر کند.
(The director is trying to surprise the viewer.)

Sports Commentary
While 'tamashachi' is used for people inside the stadium, 'binande' is used for the millions watching the football match at home. A commentator might say, 'Binandegan-e telviziyoni ham-aknun sahne-ye ahayeste ra mibinand' (The TV viewers are now seeing the slow-motion scene).

میلیون‌ها بیننده شاهد این پیروزی تاریخی بودند.
(Millions of viewers witnessed this historic victory.)

صدای ما را از ورزشگاه آزادی می‌شنوید، بینندگان گرامی.
(You are hearing our voice from Azadi Stadium, dear viewers.)

این مستند برای بینندگان خردسال مناسب نیست.
(This documentary is not suitable for young viewers.)

Learning Persian involves navigating several words that all relate to 'seeing' or 'watching.' One of the most frequent mistakes for English speakers is confusing بیننده (binande) with تماشاچی (tamashachi). While both can be translated as 'spectator' or 'viewer,' they are used in different contexts. Tamashachi usually implies someone physically present at an event, like a football match or a theater play, and often carries a more informal or 'fan' connotation. Binande is the technical and formal term for someone watching a broadcast or looking at an object of art.

Confusing with 'Shahed'
Another common error is using 'binande' when you mean 'witness.' In English, we might say 'the viewers of the accident,' but in Persian, you must use شاهد (shahed) for someone who witnesses an event or a crime. Binande is reserved for intentional viewing of media or art.

اشتباه: او بیننده تصادف بود.
(Incorrect: He was a viewer of the accident.)
درست: او شاهد تصادف بود.
(Correct: He was a witness to the accident.)

Pluralization Errors
As mentioned, 'binande' ends in a silent 'h.' Beginners often forget to change the 'h' to 'g' when using the formal plural '-an.' Saying 'binande-an' is incorrect and sounds very unnatural. It must be بینندگان (binandegan).
Mismatch with 'Shenavande'
When talking about radio or podcasts, learners sometimes use 'binande' by habit. Remember that radio has شنونده (shenavande - listeners), not viewers. Using the wrong one shows a lack of attention to the medium.

رادیو ایران میلیون‌ها شنونده (نه بیننده) دارد.
(Radio Iran has millions of listeners (not viewers).)

نباید بیننده را دست‌کم گرفت.
(One should not underestimate the viewer.)

To enrich your Persian vocabulary, it is helpful to compare بیننده with its synonyms and related terms. Each word has a specific nuance that makes it suitable for certain situations but not others.

Binande vs. Tamashachi
As discussed, 'binande' is for media/art, while 'tamashachi' is for live events. 'Tamashachi' is derived from 'tamasha' (spectacle/show). If you are at a stadium, you are a 'tamashachi.' If you are watching that same stadium on TV, you are a 'binande.'
Binande vs. Nazer
ناظر (nazer) translates to 'observer' or 'supervisor.' It implies a role of oversight or monitoring. A 'nazer' might be checking if rules are followed, whereas a 'binande' is usually there for entertainment or information.

او به عنوان ناظر بر انتخابات نظارت کرد.
(He monitored the elections as an observer/supervisor.)

Moshahede-konandeh
مشاهده‌کننده (moshahede-konandeh) is a more literal and scientific way to say 'the one who observes.' It is used in technical reports or scientific experiments (e.g., 'the observer in the experiment'). It is too heavy for casual TV talk.
Mokhatab
مخاطب (mokhatab) means 'audience' or 'addressee.' It is a broader term that includes viewers, listeners, and readers. In marketing or literary theory, you talk about the 'mokhatab' rather than just the 'binande.'

نویسنده باید مخاطب خود را بشناسد.
(The writer must know their audience.)

این اثر بینندگان خاص خود را دارد.
(This work has its own specific viewers.)

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Exemplos por nível

1

من بیننده هستم.

I am a viewer.

Simple subject-verb sentence.

2

بیننده تلویزیون می‌بیند.

The viewer watches TV.

Present tense verb 'mibinat'.

3

او یک بیننده است.

He/She is a viewer.

Use of the indefinite 'yek'.

4

بیننده کجا است؟

Where is the viewer?

Interrogative sentence.

5

بیننده خوشحال است.

The viewer is happy.

Adjective 'khoshhal' describing the noun.

6

این بیننده کوچک است.

This viewer is small.

Adjective 'koochak' describing a child.

7

بیننده کتاب نمی‌خواند.

The viewer does not read a book.

Negative verb form.

8

سلام بیننده عزیز!

Hello dear viewer!

Common greeting.

1

من بیننده سریال‌های ایرانی هستم.

I am a viewer of Iranian series.

Ezafe connecting noun to its object.

2

بینندگان زیادی این فیلم را دیدند.

Many viewers saw this film.

Plural form 'binandegan'.

3

برنامه برای بینندگان جالب بود.

The program was interesting for the viewers.

Preposition 'baraye' (for).

4

بیننده باید به تصویر دقت کند.

The viewer must pay attention to the image.

Modal 'bayad' (must).

5

تعداد بینندگان کم است.

The number of viewers is low.

Noun phrase 'tedad-e binandegan'.

6

او بیننده پروپاقرص اخبار است.

He is a staunch viewer of the news.

Idiomatic adjective 'pro-pa-ghors'.

7

بینندگان از سراسر جهان تماس گرفتند.

Viewers from all over the world called.

Prepositional phrase 'az sarasar-e jahan'.

8

آیا شما بیننده این برنامه هستید؟

Are you a viewer of this program?

Question with 'aya'.

1

این شبکه میلیون‌ها بیننده در روز دارد.

This channel has millions of viewers per day.

Quantifier 'miliun-ha'.

2

بیننده با دیدن این صحنه غمگین می‌شود.

The viewer becomes sad by seeing this scene.

Compound verb 'ghamgin shodan'.

3

نظرات بینندگان برای ما مهم است.

The viewers' opinions are important to us.

Possessive construction.

4

فیلم توانست بیننده را تا آخر نگه دارد.

The film managed to keep the viewer until the end.

Past root of 'tavanestan' (managed to).

5

بینندگان عزیز، به برنامه ما خوش آمدید.

Dear viewers, welcome to our program.

Vocative expression.

6

هر بیننده برداشتی متفاوت از هنر دارد.

Every viewer has a different interpretation of art.

Indefinite 'har' (every).

7

بیننده نباید حقیقت را فراموش کند.

The viewer should not forget the truth.

Negative modal 'nabayad'.

8

تکنولوژی جدید تجربه بیننده را تغییر داده است.

New technology has changed the viewer's experience.

Present perfect tense.

1

کارگردان تلاش می‌کند بیننده را به چالش بکشد.

The director tries to challenge the viewer.

Subjunctive 'be chalesh bekeshad'.

2

رضایت بینندگان اولویت اصلی این شبکه است.

Viewers' satisfaction is the main priority of this channel.

Formal vocabulary 'olaviyat'.

3

بیننده در طول داستان با قهرمان همذات‌پنداری می‌کند.

The viewer empathizes with the hero throughout the story.

Advanced verb 'hamzat-pendari kardan'.

4

این مستند بیننده را با واقعیت‌های تلخ روبرو می‌کند.

This documentary confronts the viewer with bitter realities.

Preposition 'ba' (with).

5

بینندگان از تکراری بودن برنامه‌ها شکایت دارند.

Viewers complain about the repetitiveness of the programs.

Gerund 'tekrari budan'.

6

او به عنوان یک بیننده منتقد به فیلم نگاه کرد.

He looked at the film as a critical viewer.

Adjective 'monatghed' (critical).

7

جذب بیننده در فضای مجازی کار دشواری است.

Attracting viewers in cyberspace is a difficult task.

Infinitive phrase as subject.

8

بیننده هوشمند فریب تبلیغات را نمی‌خورد.

The smart viewer is not fooled by advertisements.

Idiomatic 'farib khordan'.

1

روان‌شناسی بیننده یکی از مباحث پیچیده رسانه است.

The psychology of the viewer is one of the complex topics of media.

Compound noun 'ravan-shenasi'.

2

تعامل بین بیننده و اثر هنری در این نمایشگاه مشهود است.

The interaction between the viewer and the artwork is evident in this exhibition.

Noun 'ta'amol' (interaction).

3

بیننده در این فیلم به یک ناظر منفعل تبدیل می‌شود.

In this film, the viewer turns into a passive observer.

Adjective 'monfavel' (passive).

4

نیازهای مخاطب و بیننده در دهه‌های اخیر تغییر کرده است.

The needs of the audience and viewer have changed in recent decades.

Plural verb for compound subject.

5

بینندگان امروز به دنبال محتوای باکیفیت و متفاوت هستند.

Today's viewers are looking for high-quality and different content.

Adjective 'ba-keyfiyat'.

6

تأثیر رنگ‌ها بر ذهن بیننده در نقاشی‌های او چشمگیر است.

The effect of colors on the viewer's mind in his paintings is remarkable.

Preposition 'bar' (on).

7

بیننده نباید تنها به لایه‌های سطحی داستان بسنده کند.

The viewer should not suffice with only the surface layers of the story.

Formal verb 'basandeh kardan'.

8

تحلیل رفتار بیننده به بهبود برنامه‌سازی کمک می‌کند.

Analyzing viewer behavior helps improve programming.

Infinitive 'behbud' (improvement).

1

در هرمنوتیک مدرن، بیننده نقشی تعیین‌کننده در خلق معنا دارد.

In modern hermeneutics, the viewer has a decisive role in the creation of meaning.

Academic term 'hermenutik'.

2

فاصله‌گذاری برشتی باعث می‌شود بیننده به جای احساس، تفکر کند.

Brechtian alienation causes the viewer to think instead of feel.

Technical term 'fasele-gozari'.

3

بیننده در مواجهه با این اثر، با خلأهای وجودی خود روبرو می‌شود.

In facing this work, the viewer confronts their own existential voids.

Philosophical 'khala-haye vojud'.

4

سینمای تجربی می‌کوشد مرزهای بین بیننده و تصویر را از بین ببرد.

Experimental cinema seeks to eliminate the boundaries between the viewer and the image.

Formal verb 'kukushidan' (to seek/strive).

5

ادراک بیننده تحت تأثیر پیش‌فرض‌های فرهنگی و تاریخی اوست.

The viewer's perception is under the influence of their cultural and historical presuppositions.

Noun 'edrak' (perception).

6

بیننده در این چیدمان هنری، خود به بخشی از اثر تبدیل می‌گردد.

In this art installation, the viewer themselves becomes a part of the work.

Formal verb 'gardidan' (to become).

7

تحلیل انتقادی نشان می‌دهد که چگونه بیننده توسط رسانه برساخته می‌شود.

Critical analysis shows how the viewer is constructed by the media.

Passive construction 'barsakhte shodan'.

8

بیننده در ساحت این اثر، به یک شهود درونی دست می‌یابد.

In the realm of this work, the viewer achieves an inner intuition.

Mystical term 'shohud'.

Colocações comuns

بیننده عزیز
تعداد بینندگان
جذب بیننده
بیننده تلویزیون
بیننده هوشمند
رضایت بیننده
بیننده بی‌طرف
بیننده پروپاقرص
نیاز بیننده
تجربه بیننده

Frases Comuns

بیننده گرامی

— A very formal way to say 'respected viewer'.

بیننده گرامی، وقت شما بخیر.

میزان بیننده

— The level or rate of viewership.

میزان بیننده این شبکه افت کرده است.

بیننده خاص

— A viewer with specific tastes or a niche audience.

این فیلم برای بیننده خاص ساخته شده است.

از نگاه بیننده

— From the viewer's point of view.

از نگاه بیننده، داستان کمی گنگ بود.

بیننده فعال

— A viewer who engages with the content (e.g., social media).

ما به دنبال بیننده فعال هستیم.

بیننده منفعل

— A viewer who just watches without engagement.

سینمای تجاری بیننده منفعل می‌سازد.

بیننده خردسال

— A young child viewer.

این کارتون برای بیننده خردسال مناسب است.

بیننده وفادار

— A loyal viewer who watches regularly.

او بیننده وفادار اخبار ساعت ۹ است.

بیننده اتفاقی

— A casual or accidental viewer.

او فقط یک بیننده اتفاقی بود و فیلم را کامل ندید.

در حضور بیننده

— In the presence of the viewer (often used in magic or live TV).

او در حضور بیننده غیب شد.

Expressões idiomáticas

"بیننده باید عاقل باشد"

— The viewer must be wise (don't believe everything you see).

هر چیزی را در اینترنت باور نکن؛ بیننده باید عاقل باشد.

Proverbial
"چشم بیننده"

— The eye of the beholder.

زیبایی در چشم بیننده است.

Literary
"بیننده را میخکوب کردن"

— To nail the viewer to their seat (to fascinate them).

این فیلم بیننده را میخکوب می‌کند.

Colloq
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