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B1 noun #4,000 mais comum 6 min de leitura

معتاد

mo'tad Top 4,000

Pratique Exemplos Notas e dicas معتاد em 30 segundos

Explicação معتاد in your Level:

At the A1 level, you should learn 'معتاد' (mo'tād) as a word that describes someone who really, really likes something and cannot stop. For now, think of it in simple sentences like 'I am addicted to tea' or 'He is addicted to the phone.' It is important to remember the little word 'be' (به) which means 'to.' You always say 'mo'tād be tea' or 'mo'tād be phone.' At this level, don't worry about the heavy medical meanings. Just use it to talk about your hobbies that you do too much. For example, if you play video games every day for 10 hours, you can say 'I am mo'tād to games.' This word is a noun and an adjective. Pronounce it slowly: mo-tād. The 'mo' is like the 'mo' in 'more,' and 'tād' rhymes with 'odd' but with a 't' at the start. It's a useful word because Iranians love tea and often joke about being addicted to it. You will also see this word on signs or in simple stories about health. Just remember: Subject + be + thing + mo'tād + ast (is). This simple structure will help you communicate clearly. Even at A1, knowing this word helps you express intensity. Instead of just saying 'I like coffee,' saying 'I am addicted to coffee' (من به قهوه معتاد هستم) shows you like it a lot!

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At the A2 level, you can start using 'معتاد' to describe other people and more common habits. You should know that 'معتاد' comes from the word 'عادت' which means 'habit.' So, a 'mo'tād' is someone who has a very strong habit. You can now use it in the past tense: 'He was addicted to cigarettes' (او به سیگار معتاد بود). You can also use the negative form: 'I am not addicted' (من معتاد نیستم). At this level, you might see this word in short news clips or social media posts about digital detox. It is also helpful to learn the plural form 'معتادها' (mo'tādhā) for people. Iranians might use this word when complaining about their children spending too much time on the internet. You can use it to ask questions too: 'Are you addicted to chocolate?' (آیا به شکلات معتاد هستی؟). Notice how the word 'be' stays there. In A2, you are building your ability to describe lifestyles. 'معتاد' is a key word for describing a lifestyle that is out of balance. Practice saying it with different substances like 'sugar' (شکر), 'social media' (شبکه‌های اجتماعی), or 'work' (کار). This will make your Persian sound more natural and expressive.

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As a B1 learner, 'معتاد' becomes a more serious word in your vocabulary. You are now expected to discuss social issues, and addiction is a significant topic in Persian-speaking societies. You should distinguish between 'معتاد' (the person/adjective) and 'اعتیاد' (the noun 'addiction'). For example, 'Addiction is a disease' (اعتیاد یک بیماری است). You can use more complex sentence structures, such as 'He became addicted' (معتاد شد) or 'He is trying not to become addicted' (سعی می‌کند معتاد نشود). You will encounter this word in documentaries, newspapers, and more formal conversations about public health. You should also be aware of the formal plural 'معتادان' (mo'tādān). At B1, you can use 'معتاد' to talk about psychological dependencies too, not just physical ones. For instance, 'addicted to praise' or 'addicted to success.' This level requires you to understand the social weight of the word. In Iran, calling someone a 'معتاد' can be a serious label, so use it carefully in personal contexts. You might also hear related words like 'ترک اعتیاد' (quitting addiction/rehab). Being able to use 'معتاد' in a discussion about health or social challenges shows that you have reached an intermediate level of Persian.

At the B2 level, you should be able to use 'معتاد' in nuanced arguments and formal writing. You will understand how the word is used in legal and medical contexts. For example, you might read about 'معتادان متجاهر' (addicts who use drugs in public) in a legal report. You should also be able to use the word metaphorically in professional settings, such as describing a 'workaholic' (معتاد به کار). At this level, you should explore the synonyms like 'وابسته' (dependent) and understand when to use them to sound more clinical or polite. You can also form complex sentences using 'معتاد' as part of a relative clause: 'The person who is addicted to drugs needs help' (کسی که به مواد مخدر معتاد است، به کمک نیاز دارد). You will hear this word in debates about drug policy and social welfare. You should also be familiar with the cultural nuances—how the word is used in Iranian cinema to portray the 'underclass.' Understanding the etymology (from the Arabic root 'w-d') helps you connect it to other words like 'اعتیاد' (addiction), 'عادت' (habit), and 'معتاد' (accustomed). This depth of knowledge allows you to use the word with precision in both spoken and written Persian.

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At the C1 level, your use of 'معتاد' should be indistinguishable from a native speaker's in terms of context and register. You will understand its use in high-level sociological and psychological texts. You can discuss the 'stigma of being a معتاد' and how it affects recovery. You should be able to identify the word in classical-style modern prose or sophisticated journalism where it might be used to describe a society 'addicted' to a certain ideology or consumerism. You will also understand the subtle irony when an author uses 'معتاد' in a satirical way. At this level, you should be comfortable with all derivatives and related phrases, such as 'تزریقی' (intravenous) or 'بهبودی' (recovery). You can use the word in complex grammatical structures, such as passive constructions or subjunctive moods involving potential addiction. You should also be aware of the historical context of addiction in the region and how the terminology has evolved from 'تریاکی' (opium-user) to the more general 'معتاد'. Your ability to use 'معتاد' in a variety of registers—from street slang to academic discourse—is a hallmark of your advanced proficiency.

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At the C2 level, you possess a complete mastery of 'معتاد' and its place in the Persian linguistic landscape. You can analyze how the word is used in political rhetoric to marginalize certain groups or how it is reclaimed in recovery communities. You understand the deepest metaphorical layers—how one can be 'addicted' to a memory, a scent, or a specific poetic rhythm. You can engage in professional-level debates about the 'decriminalization of addicts' (جرم‌زدایی از معتادان) using the correct terminology. You are aware of the most obscure synonyms and the precise differences between 'خوگرفته', 'وابسته', and 'معتاد' in various literary traditions. Your writing can use the word to create specific tones, whether it's the cold objectivity of a medical paper or the raw emotion of a short story. You also understand the phonological nuances and how the pronunciation might shift slightly in different Persian dialects (Tehrani, Dari, Tajik). At this stage, 'معتاد' is not just a vocabulary word; it is a tool you use to navigate the complex social, historical, and psychological realities of the Persian-speaking world.

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Pratique Exemplos Notas e dicas

معتاد em 30 segundos

Means 'addict' or 'addicted'.
Used with the preposition 'be' (به).
Can be used for serious drugs or light habits like tea.
Derived from the Arabic root for 'habit'.

The Persian word معتاد (mo'tād) is a versatile term primarily functioning as both a noun and an adjective. Derived from the Arabic root meaning 'habit' or 'to return,' it describes an individual who has developed a psychological or physiological dependency on a substance, behavior, or activity. In modern Iranian society, while the word carries a heavy social stigma when associated with illicit substances, it is increasingly used in lighter, metaphorical contexts to describe harmless obsessions.

Clinical Definition: A person whose body or mind requires a specific stimulus to function or feel normal, often leading to harmful consequences.
Social Context: Often used in public health discussions regarding the 'opiate crisis' in the region, but also seen in digital wellness articles regarding technology.

او به بازی‌های کامپیوتری معتاد شده است.

When speaking with Iranians, you will find that 'معتاد' is the standard term used in news reports, medical diagnoses, and daily conversation. It is essential to distinguish between the 'person' (the addict) and the 'state' (addiction), which is 'اعتیاد' (e'tiyād). Understanding this word is crucial for B1 learners as it opens doors to discussing social issues, personal habits, and health.

بسیاری از جوانان به شبکه‌های اجتماعی معتاد هستند.

Metaphorical Usage: Used for coffee lovers, bookworms, or workaholics to emphasize the intensity of their interest.

پدرم به مطالعه اخبار معتاد است.

Grammar Note: The word is almost always followed by the preposition 'به' (to). You are 'mo'tād be' something.

او یک معتاد در حال بهبودی است.

آیا تو به قهوه معتاد هستی؟

Using 'معتاد' correctly requires understanding its role as a predicate adjective or a noun within a sentence. Because it is derived from Arabic, its plural form in formal Persian can be 'معتادان' (mo'tādān), though 'معتادها' (mo'tādhā) is common in speech. The most frequent sentence pattern is [Subject] + [Object/Substance] + [به] + [معتاد] + [Verb]. This structure is rigid and helps clarify exactly what the person is addicted to.

Simple Present: من به چای معتاد هستم (I am addicted to tea).
Past Narrative: او قبلاً به سیگار معتاد بود (He was previously addicted to cigarettes).

ما نباید به گوشی‌هایمان معتاد شویم.

In academic writing, 'معتاد' is used to analyze demographic data. For example, 'تعداد معتادان در این شهر افزایش یافته است' (The number of addicts in this city has increased). Note the use of the formal plural ending '-ān'. In contrast, in a casual setting, you might say 'طرف خیلی معتاده' (That guy is a total addict), where the 'h' sound at the end of 'mo'tāde' represents the spoken form of 'ast' (is).

هر کسی می‌تواند به چیزی معتاد باشد.

Conditional Usage: اگر مراقب نباشی، به قمار معتاد می‌شوی (If you aren't careful, you will become addicted to gambling).

کمک به معتادان وظیفه جامعه است.

او به کارش معتاد شده و خانواده‌اش را فراموش کرده است.

آیا او واقعاً به این دارو معتاد است؟

You will encounter 'معتاد' in a variety of real-world Persian settings. On the news (IRIB or Persian BBC/Iran International), it is a frequent topic in social reports discussing drug trafficking and rehabilitation centers. In Iranian cinema—a medium known for its social realism—films like 'Just 6.5' (Metri Shesh o Nim) use the word constantly to depict the harsh reality of the drug trade.

In the Clinic: Doctors use it to describe patients with chemical dependencies. 'بیمار به مسکن‌ها معتاد شده است' (The patient has become addicted to painkillers).
In the Streets: Used as a noun to identify people suffering from homelessness and drug use, often with a tone of pity or frustration.

پلیس چندین معتاد را در پارک دستگیر کرد.

Podcast episodes focusing on self-improvement or psychology often discuss 'معتادان گمنام' (Narcotics Anonymous - NA), which is a very active organization in Iran. Listening to these discussions provides excellent B1-B2 level listening practice regarding emotions and recovery.

او سال‌هاست که در جلسات معتادان گمنام شرکت می‌کند.

Workplace: Colleagues might say 'من به قهوه معتادم' during a morning break, signaling they need their caffeine fix.

این مستند درباره زندگی معتادان در حاشیه شهر است.

چرا فکر می‌کنی او به اینترنت معتاد است؟

او به دنبال راهی برای کمک به برادر معتادش می‌گردد.

Learners often make several specific errors when using 'معتاد'. The most frequent is omitting the preposition 'به'. In English, we say 'addicted TO,' and in Persian, this 'to' is mandatory. Saying 'او سیگار معتاد است' is incorrect; it must be 'او به سیگار معتاد است'. Another error is confusing 'معتاد' (the person/adjective) with 'اعتیاد' (the noun 'addiction').

Mistake 1: Preposition: Incorrect: من معتاد ورزش هستم. Correct: من به ورزش معتاد هستم.
Mistake 2: Word Form: Incorrect: او معتاد دارد. Correct: او اعتیاد دارد (He has an addiction) OR او معتاد است (He is an addict).

اشتباه: او معتاد به چای ندارد. درست: او به چای اعتیاد ندارد.

Confusing 'معتاد' with 'عادت' (habit) is also common. While they share a root, 'عادت' is a neutral or even positive habit (like 'عادت مطالعه'), while 'معتاد' almost always implies a lack of control.

نباید کلمه معتاد را با عادت اشتباه بگیریم.

Pluralization: Avoid using 'معتادها' in formal essays; always prefer 'معتادان'.

بسیاری از معتادان نیاز به حمایت دارند.

او به جای واژه معتاد، از کلمه وابسته استفاده کرد.

آیا او واقعاً به شکر معتاد است یا فقط آن را دوست دارد؟

Persian offers several synonyms and related terms for 'معتاد', each with a different nuance or register. Understanding these helps in choosing the right word for the right context. 'وابسته' (vābasteh) is the most common professional alternative, often used in psychology to mean 'dependent.' 'خوگرفته' (khu-gerefteh) is a more literary or poetic way to say 'accustomed' or 'habituated.'

وابسته (Dependent): More clinical and less stigmatized. Used in 'وابستگی دارویی' (drug dependency).
اسیر (Captive/Slave): Used metaphorically to show the lack of freedom. 'اسیر مواد مخدر' (a slave to drugs).

او به جای کلمه معتاد، خودش را وابسته به قهوه می‌داند.

For those interested in slang, 'عملی' (amali) is often used to describe someone who has been using hard drugs for a long time, though it is quite rude. On the other hand, 'عاشق' (lover) is sometimes used as a hyperbole for addiction in a positive sense: 'عاشق شکلاتم' (I'm a chocolate addict/lover).

پزشک گفت که او به شدت به این دارو وابسته شده است.

Comparison: معتاد vs. عادت‌کرده: 'معتاد' implies a pathological need; 'عادت‌کرده' implies a simple routine or getting used to a situation.

من به هوای گرم عادت کرده‌ام، اما به آن معتاد نیستم!

او به گوشی‌اش اعتیاد دارد و نمی‌تواند آن را کنار بگذارد.

کمک به بیماران مبتلا به اعتیاد یک ضرورت انسانی است.

How Formal Is It?

Curiosidade

The same root gives us 'Eid' (a festival that returns every year) and 'Adat' (habit). So an addict is literally someone who 'returns' to their habit over and over.

Guia de pronúncia

UK /moʔˈtɒːd/

US /moʊʔˈtɑːd/

The stress is on the second syllable: mo-TĀD.

Rima com

بنیاد (bonyād) فریاد (faryād) ایجاد (ijād) استاد (ostād) آزاد (āzād) اقتصاد (eqtesād) امداد (emdād) تعداد (te'dād)

Erros comuns

Pronouncing it as 'motād' without the glottal stop (ayn).
Pronouncing the 'ā' like the 'a' in 'cat' instead of 'father'.

Nível de dificuldade

Leitura 3/5

The word is easy to recognize once you know the root 'adat'.

Escrita 4/5

Requires remembering the preposition 'be' and the 'ayn'.

Expressão oral 4/5

The glottal stop (ayn) can be tricky for English speakers.

Audição 3/5

Commonly used in news and movies, usually clear.

O que aprender depois

Pré-requisitos

عادت (habit) به (to) بودن (to be) مواد (materials/substances) دارو (medicine)

Aprenda a seguir

اعتیاد (addiction) وابستگی (dependency) بهبودی (recovery) درمان (treatment) پیشگیری (prevention)

Avançado

جرم‌انگاری (criminalization) بازپروری (rehabilitation) سوء مصرف (abuse/misuse)

Gramática essencial

Preposition 'be' usage

من به (to) ورزش معتاد هستم.

Formal plural with '-ān'

معتاد + ان = معتادان

Noun vs Adjective usage

او معتاد است (Adj) vs آن معتاد (Noun)

Present Perfect with 'shodan'

او معتاد شده است (He has become addicted).

Negative 'nist'

او معتاد نیست (He is not an addict).

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Exemplos por nível

من به چای معتاد هستم.

I am addicted to tea.

Subject + be + thing + mo'tād + ast.

او به گوشی معتاد است.

He is addicted to the phone.

Note the use of 'be' before the object.

آیا تو معتاد هستی؟

Are you addicted?

Simple question structure.

ما معتاد نیستیم.

We are not addicted.

Negative form using 'nistim'.

برادرم به شکلات معتاد است.

My brother is addicted to chocolate.

Possessive 'am' attached to 'barādar'.

آنها به تلویزیون معتاد هستند.

They are addicted to television.

Plural subject 'ānhā'.

گربه من به غذا معتاد است!

My cat is addicted to food!

Joking usage of the word.

من به این آهنگ معتاد شدم.

I became addicted to this song.

Past tense 'shodam' (became).

او قبلاً به سیگار معتاد بود.

He was previously addicted to cigarettes.

Past tense 'bud' (was).

بسیاری از مردم به اینترنت معتاد شده‌اند.

Many people have become addicted to the internet.

Present perfect 'shode-and'.

نباید به قهوه معتاد شوی.

You shouldn't become addicted to coffee.

Negative imperative/modal 'nabāyad'.

او یک معتاد است و نیاز به کمک دارد.

He is an addict and needs help.

Used as a noun here.

چرا بچه‌ها به بازی معتاد می‌شوند؟

Why do children become addicted to games?

Question word 'cherā'.

این معتاد در خیابان زندگی می‌کند.

This addict lives in the street.

Demonstrative 'in' (this).

من معتاد به کار نیستم.

I am not addicted to work.

Negative 'nistam'.

او به ورزش معتاد شده است.

He has become addicted to exercise.

Positive context for addiction.

دولت باید به معتادان کمک کند تا پاک شوند.

The government should help addicts to become clean.

Formal plural 'mo'tādān'.

او به خاطر اعتیاد، شغلش را از دست داد.

He lost his job because of addiction.

Using the noun 'e'tiyād' (addiction).

آیا معتاد بودن یک بیماری است یا یک انتخاب؟

Is being an addict a disease or a choice?

Gerund-like use of 'mo'tād budan'.

او سال‌هاست که به عنوان یک معتاد شناخته می‌شود.

He has been known as an addict for years.

Passive construction 'shenākhte mishavad'.

بسیاری از معتادان به دنبال درمان هستند.

Many addicts are looking for treatment.

Preposition 'be donbāl-e' (looking for).

او به داروهای مسکن معتاد شده بود.

He had become addicted to painkillers.

Past perfect 'shode bud'.

ما باید با معتادان با مهربانی رفتار کنیم.

We should treat addicts with kindness.

Adverbial phrase 'bā mehrabāni'.

این فیلم درباره زندگی یک معتاد در تهران است.

This film is about the life of an addict in Tehran.

Preposition 'darbāre-ye' (about).

برخی معتقدند که جامعه معتادان را طرد می‌کند.

Some believe that society rejects addicts.

Verb 'tard kardan' (to reject).

او به تحسین دیگران معتاد است و نمی‌تواند انتقاد را بپذیرد.

He is addicted to the praise of others and cannot accept criticism.

Metaphorical usage.

پزشک هشدار داد که این دارو ممکن است بیمار را معتاد کند.

The doctor warned that this medicine might make the patient addicted.

Causative sense 'mo'tād kardan'.

تعداد معتادان تزریقی در حال کاهش است.

The number of intravenous addicts is decreasing.

Compound noun 'mo'tādān-e tazriqi'.

او به جای کلمه معتاد، از واژه وابسته استفاده کرد تا احترام را حفظ کند.

Instead of the word 'addict,' he used the term 'dependent' to maintain respect.

Comparison of registers.

قانون جدید برای حمایت از معتادان بی‌خانمان تصویب شد.

A new law was passed to support homeless addicts.

Complex noun phrase.

او به مطالعه کتاب‌های فلسفی معتاد شده است.

He has become addicted to reading philosophy books.

Intellectual addiction.

اعتیاد به قدرت می‌تواند خطرناک‌تر از معتاد بودن به مواد باشد.

Addiction to power can be more dangerous than being addicted to substances.

Comparative 'khatarnāk-tar'.

در این مقاله، نویسنده به بررسی روان‌شناختی شخصیت معتاد می‌پردازد.

In this article, the author examines the psychological profile of the addict personality.

Academic register 'mi-pardāzad'.

او چنان به سکوت معتاد است که در جمع احساس ناآرامی می‌کند.

He is so addicted to silence that he feels restless in a crowd.

Use of 'chonān... ke' (so... that).

سیاست‌های جرم‌انگاری معتادان در دهه‌های اخیر تغییر کرده است.

Policies of criminalizing addicts have changed in recent decades.

Abstract noun 'jorm-engāri'.

او به عنوان یک معتاد بهبودیافته، اکنون به دیگران انگیزه می‌دهد.

As a recovered addict, he now motivates others.

Participle 'behbudi-yāfteh'.

تجمل‌گرایی باعث شده که بسیاری از مردم به خرید معتاد شوند.

Consumerism has caused many people to become addicted to shopping.

Sociological context.

آیا می‌توان گفت که یک جامعه به خشونت معتاد شده است؟

Can it be said that a society has become addicted to violence?

Rhetorical question.

او به جای مقابله با مشکل، به خیال‌پردازی معتاد شده است.

Instead of facing the problem, he has become addicted to fantasizing.

Psychological defense mechanism.

این مستند به لایه‌های پنهان زندگی معتادان در کلان‌شهرها نفوذ می‌کند.

This documentary penetrates the hidden layers of addicts' lives in metropolises.

Metaphorical verb 'nofuz kardan'.

واکاوی پدیده معتاد در ادبیات معاصر ایران نیازمند رویکردی چندبعدی است.

Analyzing the phenomenon of the addict in contemporary Iranian literature requires a multidimensional approach.

High academic register 'vākāvi'.

او به نوعی مازوخیسم عاطفی معتاد است که روابطش را تخریب می‌کند.

He is addicted to a kind of emotional masochism that destroys his relationships.

Psychological terminology.

انگ‌زدایی از معتادان، گام نخست در بازپروری اجتماعی آنان است.

De-stigmatizing addicts is the first step in their social rehabilitation.

Term 'ang-zedāyi'.

او در اشعارش، روح انسان مدرن را معتاد به اضطراب توصیف می‌کند.

In his poems, he describes the modern human soul as addicted to anxiety.

Literary analysis.

ساختار اقتصادی جامعه، ناخودآگاه افراد را به مصرف‌گرایی معتاد می‌سازد.

The economic structure of society unconsciously makes individuals addicted to consumerism.

Causative 'mo'tād mi-sāzad'.

او به پارادوکس‌های زندگی معتاد است و از تضادها لذت می‌برد.

He is addicted to the paradoxes of life and enjoys contradictions.

Philosophical usage.

آیا اعتیاد یک معتاد، بازتابی از شکست‌های بنیادین خانواده است؟

Is an addict's addiction a reflection of fundamental family failures?

Complex possessive structure.

او با مهارتی بی‌نظیر، سیمای یک معتاد در حال احتضار را به تصویر کشید.

With unparalleled skill, he depicted the face of a dying addict.

Artistic description.

Colocações comuns

معتاد به مواد مخدر

معتاد تزریقی

معتاد به اینترنت

معتاد به کار

معتاد به سیگار

معتاد به قهوه

معتاد به قمار

معتاد خیابانی

معتاد بهبودیافته

معتاد به تلویزیون

Frases Comuns

ترک معتاد

— Helping an addict quit.

مرکزی برای ترک معتادان در شهر وجود دارد.

کمپ معتادان

— Rehab center for addicts.

او را به کمپ معتادان بردند.

انجمن معتادان گمنام

— Narcotics Anonymous (NA).

او عضو انجمن معتادان گمنام است.

معتاد بالفطره

— A natural-born addict (metaphorical).

او معتاد بالفطره به هیجان است.

معتاد حرفه‌ای

— A long-term/professional addict.

او یک معتاد حرفه‌ای است و راهش را می‌داند.

معتاد به مطالعه

— A bookworm.

خواهرم معتاد به مطالعه رمان است.

معتاد به ورزش

— A fitness addict.

او معتاد به ورزش است و هر روز می‌دود.

معتاد به چای

— A tea lover (very common in Iran).

ایرانی‌ها معمولاً معتاد به چای هستند.

معتاد به مد

— A fashion victim/addict.

او معتاد به مد است و همیشه لباس نو می‌خرد.

معتاد به گوشی

— Phone addict.

نسل جدید معتاد به گوشی شده است.

Frequentemente confundido com

معتاد vs عادت

'Adat' is a habit (neutral), 'Mo'tād' is the person with the habit (often negative).

معتاد vs اعتیاد

'E'tiyād' is the noun 'addiction', 'Mo'tād' is the person 'addict'.

معتاد vs معتاد کردن

This is the active verb 'to make someone addicted'.

Expressões idiomáticas

"معتاد چیزی بودن"

— To be hooked on something.

من معتاد خنده‌های او هستم.

Informal/Romantic

"اعتیاد پیدا کردن"

— To develop an addiction.

او به این بازی اعتیاد پیدا کرده است.

Neutral

"دست و پنجه نرم کردن با اعتیاد"

— To struggle with addiction.

او سال‌هاست با اعتیاد دست و پنجه نرم می‌کند.

Formal/Journalistic

"غرق در اعتیاد"

— Drowned in addiction.

او کاملاً غرق در اعتیاد شده بود.

Literary

"زنجیر اعتیاد"

— The chains of addiction.

او زنجیر اعتیاد را پاره کرد.

Literary/Inspirational

"منجلاب اعتیاد"

— The quagmire of addiction.

او در منجلاب اعتیاد فرو رفته است.

Formal/Metaphorical

"خانمان‌سوز"

— House-burning (describes addiction as something that destroys families).

اعتیاد یک بلای خانمان‌سوز است.

Formal/Traditional

"در دام اعتیاد افتادن"

— To fall into the trap of addiction.

بسیاری از جوانان در دام اعتیاد می‌افتند.

Neutral

"سم‌زدایی کردن"

— To detoxify.

او در حال سم‌زدایی در بیمارستان است.

Medical

"لغزش کردن"

— To relapse (literally: to slip).

او بعد از دو سال پاکی، دوباره لغزش کرد.

Recovery Slang

Fácil de confundir

معتاد vs عادی

Same root.

'Adi' means normal or ordinary, while 'Mo'tād' means addicted.

این یک روز عادی است.

معتاد vs تعداد

Sounds slightly similar.

'Te'dād' means number or quantity.

تعداد معتادان زیاد است.

معتاد vs اعتماد

Sounds similar.

'E'temād' means trust or confidence.

من به او اعتماد دارم.

معتاد vs مستعد

Similar ending.

'Mosta'ed' means talented or prone to.

او مستعد یادگیری است.

معتاد vs متداول

Same root.

'Motadāvel' means common or prevalent.

این یک روش متداول است.

Padrões de frases

[Subject] به [Thing] معتاد است.

او به چای معتاد است.

[Subject] قبلاً معتاد بود.

من قبلاً معتاد بودم.

[Subject] باید از معتاد شدن جلوگیری کند.

ما باید از معتاد شدن جلوگیری کنیم.

[Subject] به خاطر [Reason] معتاد شد.

او به خاطر تنهایی معتاد شد.

کسی که به [Something] معتاد است، [Action].

کسی که به قمار معتاد است، پولش را از دست می‌دهد.

[Subject] به جای [Word], از معتاد استفاده کرد.

او به جای وابسته، از معتاد استفاده کرد.

بررسی پدیده معتاد در [Context]...

بررسی پدیده معتاد در جوامع مدرن ضروری است.

[Subject] چنان به [Something] معتاد است که...

او چنان به قدرت معتاد است که همه چیز را فدا می‌کند.

Família de palavras

Substantivos

اعتیاد (addiction)

معتاد (addict)

عادت (habit)

Verbos

عادت کردن (to get used to)

معتاد شدن (to become addicted)

معتاد کردن (to make someone addicted)

Adjetivos

معتاد (addicted)

عادی (normal/habitual)

متداول (common)

Relacionado

وابستگی (dependency)

مواد مخدر (drugs)

بهبودی (recovery)

ترک (quitting)

بیمار (patient)

Cadastre-se grátis para ver todos os exemplos

Como usar

frequency

Very high in social, medical, and casual contexts.

Erros comuns

من چای معتاد هستم. → من به چای معتاد هستم.
You must use the preposition 'be' (to).
او اعتیاد است. → او معتاد است.
'E'tiyād' is the noun 'addiction'. You need the adjective 'mo'tād'.
آنها معتادان هستند. (in casual speech) → اونا معتادن.
In casual speech, the plural 'an' is usually for formal writing. Use 'hā' or the shortened verb.
او به ورزش عادت است. → او به ورزش معتاد است.
'Adat' is a noun; you need the adjective 'mo'tād' or the verb 'adat dārad'.
معتادهای زیادی در شهر هستند. (in a formal essay) → معتادان بسیاری در شهر هستند.
Use the formal plural '-ān' for academic or formal writing.

Dicas

Always use 'be'

Never forget the preposition 'be' (به) when you mention the substance. Without it, the sentence sounds like 'I am coffee addict' instead of 'I am addicted to coffee.'

Distinguish Noun vs Adj

'معتاد' can be 'an addict' (noun) or 'addicted' (adjective). Context tells you which one it is, but the form remains the same.

The Tea Exception

In Iran, being a 'tea addict' is a point of pride and humor. Feel free to use 'معتاد به چای' in casual conversation to sound like a local.

Master the Ayn

The 'ayn' in 'mo'tād' is a soft catch in the throat. Practicing this will make your Persian sound much more authentic than a flat 'o' sound.

Use Formal Plurals

When writing an essay about social issues, always use 'معتادان'. It shows a higher level of education and command of the language.

Watch Social Dramas

Iranian cinema is full of social dramas involving addiction. Watching these with subtitles will help you hear 'معتاد' in its most natural contexts.

Polite Alternatives

If you are talking to someone about a family member's struggle, use 'بیمار' (patient) or 'وابسته' (dependent) to show respect and empathy.

Root Connection

Connect 'mo'tād' to 'adat' (habit). If you remember that 'adat' is a habit, 'mo'tād' is simply the person who has that habit.

More Todd

Remember: More Todd. Todd always wants more because he is an addict. Mo-Tād.

Subjunctive Use

Practice saying 'I don't want to become addicted' (نمی‌خواهم معتاد شوم) to master the subjunctive mood with this word.

Memorize

Mnemônico

'Mo' sounds like 'More' and 'Tad' sounds like 'Todd'. Imagine 'More Todd'—Todd always wants more of everything because he is an addict!

Associação visual

Imagine a person with a giant tea cup glued to their hand, unable to put it down.

Word Web

عادت (Habit) اعتیاد (Addiction) مواد مخدر (Drugs) سیگار (Cigarette) قهوه (Coffee) وابسته (Dependent) ترک (Quit) پاک (Clean)

Desafio

Try to write three sentences: one thing you are 'mo'tād' to (like tea), one thing you were 'mo'tād' to in the past, and one thing you will never be 'mo'tād' to.

Origem da palavra

From the Arabic active participle 'mu'tād' (معتاد), derived from the root 'ع-و-د' ('-w-d) meaning 'to return'.

Significado original: Someone who returns to a habit or is accustomed to something.

Afroasiatic (Arabic loanword in Persian).

Contexto cultural

Be careful using this word to describe someone's family member in Iran, as it carries significant shame (āberu). Use 'vābasteh' (dependent) if you want to be more polite.

In English, 'addict' can be very harsh, but 'hooked' or 'junkie' (slang) are also used. 'Addicted to' is the direct equivalent.

The movie 'Just 6.5' (Metri Shesh o Nim) about drug addiction in Iran. The book 'The Addict' (Ma'tād) by various Iranian social realists. Iranian anti-drug campaigns often use the slogan 'اعتیاد بلای خانمان‌سوز است'.

Pratique na vida real

Contextos reais

Medical/Health

بیمار معتاد است
ترک اعتیاد
علائم خماری (withdrawal symptoms)
دوره درمان

Technology/Social Media

معتاد به گوشی
فضای مجازی
سم‌زدایی دیجیتال
کاهش زمان استفاده

Daily Life/Food

معتاد به چای
شکلات‌خور قهاری بودن
عادت غذایی
نیاز به کافئین

Social Issues/News

معتادان خیابانی
کارتن‌خواب (homeless)
پدیده اعتیاد
مبارزه با مواد مخدر

Psychology

وابستگی روانی
شخصیت معتادگونه
مکانیسم دفاعی
وسواس فکری

Iniciadores de conversa

"آیا فکر می‌کنی مردم به اینترنت معتاد شده‌اند؟"

"تو به چه چیزی معتاد هستی؟ قهوه یا چای؟"

"به نظر تو بهترین راه برای کمک به یک معتاد چیست؟"

"آیا در کشور تو اعتیاد یک مشکل بزرگ است؟"

"چرا بعضی‌ها به کار معتاد می‌شوند؟"

Temas para diário

درباره عادتی بنویسید که فکر می‌کنید به آن معتاد شده‌اید.

چگونه می‌توانیم از معتاد شدن جوانان به مواد مخدر جلوگیری کنیم؟

تفاوت بین یک عادت خوب و یک معتاد بودن چیست؟

آیا تکنولوژی زندگی ما را بهتر کرده یا ما را معتاد کرده است؟

احساس خود را درباره دیدن یک معتاد در خیابان توصیف کنید.

Perguntas frequentes

10 perguntas

It can be. While it is a medical term, calling someone a 'معتاد' in a social setting can be stigmatizing. Use 'وابسته' (dependent) for more sensitivity.

You can say: 'من به قهوه معتادم!' with a smile. It is very common.

'معتاد' is the person (addict), and 'اعتیاد' is the condition (addiction). 'او معتاد است' vs 'او اعتیاد دارد'.

Yes, when specifying what someone is addicted to. 'معتاد به چای'.

In formal Persian it is 'معتادان' (mo'tādān) and informally it is 'معتادها' (mo'tādhā).

Mostly it is negative, but it's used metaphorically for things like 'learning' or 'exercise' to show high intensity.

Mo'tād. The middle part has a slight glottal stop from the letter 'Ayn'.

Yes, 'عملی' (amali) is common slang, but it is derogatory.

It comes from the Arabic root 'w-d' (return/habit).

'مرکز ترک اعتیاد' or simply 'کمپ'.

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