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B2 noun 11 min de leitura

پانویس

panois
Exemplos Notas e dicas پانویس em 30 segundos
Explicação پانویس in your Level:
In Persian, 'پانویس' (pānavis) is a word for a note at the bottom of a page. Like a little message that gives extra information. It's usually found in books or papers. Think of it as a small helper note for the reader.
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'پانویس' (pānavis) means a footnote in Persian. It's a note that appears at the bottom of a page in a document, like a book or an article. Its job is to give extra details or to show where a piece of information came from (a citation). It helps the main text stay clean and easy to read. You might see a small number that points to the 'پانویس'.
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The Persian word 'پانویس' (pānavis) refers to a footnote, which is a note placed at the bottom of a page. Footnotes serve to provide supplementary information, elaborate on a point, or cite sources without disrupting the flow of the main text. They are commonly used in academic writing, research papers, and books. The term itself is composed of 'پا' (foot) and 'نویس' (writing), literally meaning 'foot-writing'.
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'پانویس' (pānavis) is the Persian term for a footnote. It designates a piece of text located at the bottom margin of a page, intended to offer additional commentary, explanations, or bibliographical references. Its function is to enhance the reader's understanding or provide evidence for claims made in the main body of the text. This is a standard convention in academic and scholarly publications, ensuring proper attribution and providing context where necessary. The Persian term literally translates to 'foot-writing', aptly describing its placement.
'پانویس' (pānavis) denotes a footnote, a supplemental annotation positioned at the foot of a page within a document. Its purpose is multifaceted, encompassing the provision of ancillary details, clarification of complex concepts, or the citation of sources to substantiate arguments. This practice is integral to academic discourse, upholding scholarly integrity by enabling verification and offering deeper context. The etymology of 'پانویس' as 'foot-writing' accurately reflects its physical location and function.
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'پانویس' (pānavis) is the established Persian terminology for a footnote, a distinct textual element situated at the lower extremity of a page. Its utility extends to furnishing supplementary discourse, elucidating intricate subject matter, or furnishing scholarly citations essential for academic rigor. This convention is foundational in academic and literary compositions, facilitating critical evaluation and enriching the reader's comprehension. The term's literal translation, 'foot-writing', precisely encapsulates its positional and functional characteristics.
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Exemplos Notas e dicas

پانویس em 30 segundos

  • A 'پانویس' is a footnote: a note at the bottom of a page.
  • It provides extra info or citations.
  • Common in books, articles, and academic papers.
  • Essential for referencing and detailed explanations.
Understanding 'پانویس' (Footnote)

'پانویس' (pānavis) is a Persian noun that directly translates to 'footnote'. It refers to a piece of text placed at the bottom of a page in a book, article, or document. The primary purpose of a footnote is to offer supplementary information that might be too detailed or disruptive to include in the main body of the text. This can range from providing a source for a quote or statistic to offering a brief explanation of a complex term, a historical anecdote, or even a personal aside from the author.

Core Meaning
A note at the bottom of a page.
Purpose
To provide additional information, citations, or explanations without interrupting the main text.
Usage Contexts
Academic papers, research articles, books, historical documents, legal texts, and sometimes even formal reports.

In academic settings, 'پانویس' is crucial for scholarly integrity. It allows writers to acknowledge their sources, giving credit to the original authors and enabling readers to verify information. For example, when a writer quotes a statistic from a study, they would typically include a 'پانویس' with the citation, such as the author's name, publication year, and page number. This practice is known as citation. Beyond citations, 'پانویس' can also serve as a space for elaborating on a point. If an author is discussing a historical event and wants to briefly mention a related but tangential detail, they might put that detail in a 'پانویس' to keep the main narrative flowing smoothly.

در این مقاله، هر ادعا با یک پانویس مستند شده است.

Translation: In this article, every claim has been documented with a footnote.

The term itself is a compound word. 'پا' (pā) means 'foot', and 'نویس' (nevis) comes from the verb 'نوشتن' (neveshtan), meaning 'to write'. So, literally, it means 'foot-writing'. This etymology perfectly captures its function as text written at the foot of the page. Understanding 'پانویس' is essential for anyone engaging with academic or scholarly Persian texts, as it is a standard convention for providing detailed references and supplementary information.

The use of footnotes is not unique to Persian; it's a global academic standard. However, understanding the specific Persian term allows for a deeper comprehension of texts written in Persian and facilitates more accurate academic writing in the language. When you encounter a small superscript number in a Persian text, it's almost always an indicator of a corresponding 'پانویس' at the bottom of the page.

Constructing Sentences with 'پانویس'

Using 'پانویس' correctly in sentences requires understanding its role as a noun referring to the annotation itself or the act of creating one. It's commonly found in contexts discussing academic writing, research, publishing, and textual analysis. Here are various ways to incorporate 'پانویس' into your Persian sentences, illustrating its grammatical function and typical usage.

Subject/Object
'پانویس' can be the subject or object of a sentence. For example: 'The footnote contains important information.' (پانویس حاوی اطلاعات مهمی است.) or 'I need to check the footnote.' (من باید پانویس را بررسی کنم.)
Possessive Constructions
It can be used in possessive phrases, like 'the author's footnote' (پانویس نویسنده) or 'the footnote's number' (شماره پانویس).
Verbs Associated with Footnotes
Common verbs include 'adding' (اضافه کردن), 'checking' (بررسی کردن), 'referring to' (رجوع کردن به), 'writing' (نوشتن), and 'explaining' (توضیح دادن).

When constructing sentences, consider the context. Are you talking about the physical presence of the footnote, its content, or the act of creating it? This will guide your choice of surrounding words and grammatical structures. For instance, if you are writing an academic paper, you might say: 'برای هر نقل قول مستقیم، یک پانویس اضافه کردم.' (Barāye har neql-e qowl-e mostaqim, yek pānavis ezāfe kardam. - For every direct quote, I added a footnote.)

لطفاً به پانویس شماره سه مراجعه کنید تا جزئیات بیشتری کسب کنید.

Translation: Please refer to footnote number three to get more details.

In more complex sentences, 'پانویس' might be part of a clause explaining its function: 'این کتاب دارای پانویس های مفصلی است که به درک بهتر متن کمک می کند.' (In ketāb dāraye pānavis-hāye mofassali ast ke be dark-e behtar-e matn komak mikonad. - This book has detailed footnotes that help in better understanding the text.) Note the use of the plural form 'پانویس‌ها' (pānavis-hā) when referring to multiple footnotes.

When discussing the layout or formatting of a document, you might say: 'محل قرارگیری پانویس در انتهای هر صفحه است.' (Mahal-e qarār-giri-ye pānavis dar entehā-ye har safe ast. - The location of the footnote is at the end of each page.) Mastering these sentence structures will allow you to communicate effectively about academic and textual elements in Persian.

Real-World Encounters with 'پانویس'

The term 'پانویس' (pānavis) is most frequently encountered in formal and academic contexts. While you might not hear it in casual everyday conversation as often as words like 'کتاب' (ketāb - book) or 'مقاله' (maqāle - article), its presence is significant in specific environments. Understanding these contexts helps learners anticipate when and how they'll encounter this vocabulary.

Academic Institutions
Universities, colleges, and research centers are primary locations. Professors might instruct students to 'add footnotes' (پانویس اضافه کنید - pānavis ezāfe konid) to their papers. Discussions about research methodology, citation styles (like APA or MLA, adapted for Persian academic norms), and the structure of scholarly articles will invariably involve the term 'پانویس'.
Publishing Houses and Libraries
Editors, proofreaders, and librarians frequently use 'پانویس'. They might discuss the formatting of footnotes, check their accuracy, or help patrons locate information referenced in footnotes. A librarian might say, 'برای اطلاعات بیشتر در مورد این موضوع، به پانویس صفحه ۱۲۵ مراجعه کنید.' (Barāye ettelā'āt-e bishtar dar mowred-e in mowzu', be pānavis-e safe-ye 125 morāja'e konid. - For more information about this topic, refer to the footnote on page 125.)
Conferences and Seminars
Presentations on academic research or literary analysis often touch upon the structure and referencing conventions of written works, where 'پانویس' would be a relevant term.

Think of academic journals, dissertations, theses, and scholarly books. These are the primary habitats for 'پانویس'. When you are reading a Persian historical account, a literary critique, or a scientific paper, pay attention to the small numbers at the bottom of the pages. These are the 'پانویس‌ها', and the term itself will likely be used in the introduction or conclusion of such works when discussing methodology or referencing. For example, in the preface of a translated academic work, the translator might mention: 'تمامی منابع مورد استفاده در این ترجمه، با ذکر دقیق پانویس ها، در انتهای کتاب آورده شده است.' (Tamāmi-ye manābe'-e mored-e estefāde dar in tarjome, bā zekr-e daqiq-e pānavis-hā, dar entehā-ye ketāb āvarde shode ast. - All sources used in this translation, with precise mention of the footnotes, have been provided at the end of the book.)

استاد در کلاس توضیح داد که چگونه برای هر بخش، باید یک پانویس بنویسیم.

Translation: The professor explained in class how we should write a footnote for each section.

Even in digital formats like e-books and online articles, the concept and term 'پانویس' persist. Many digital platforms replicate the functionality of footnotes, often with clickable links. So, while the physical manifestation might change, the term and its purpose remain consistent in academic and scholarly discourse.

Navigating Pitfalls with 'پانویس'

When learning and using 'پانویس' (pānavis), learners might encounter a few common pitfalls. These often stem from confusion with similar concepts, incorrect grammatical usage, or misapplication in different contexts. Being aware of these potential mistakes can significantly improve accuracy and fluency.

Confusing 'پانویس' with 'زیرنویس' (Subtitle)
A frequent error is mixing up 'پانویس' (footnote) with 'زیرنویس' (zīrnavis - subtitle). 'زیرنویس' refers to text appearing at the bottom of a screen, typically in films or videos, providing dialogue translation or captions. 'پانویس', conversely, is strictly related to printed or digital text at the bottom of a page for additional information or citation. Using 'پانویس' when you mean 'subtitle' would be incorrect.
Incorrect Pluralization
While the singular form is 'پانویس', the plural is 'پانویس‌ها' (pānavis-hā). Learners might incorrectly try to pluralize it using English methods or simply forget to add the plural marker '-ها' (-hā) when referring to multiple footnotes. For example, saying 'پانویس ها' instead of 'پانویس‌ها' or using an incorrect plural form.
Misunderstanding its Function in Casual Speech
'پانویس' is a formal term. Attempting to use it in very casual conversations about everyday matters might sound unnatural or out of place. For instance, discussing a recipe, you wouldn't typically refer to an extra note as a 'پانویس'; you might use a simpler term or just say 'نکته اضافی' (nokte-ye ezāfi - additional note).

Another common mistake relates to the grammatical role. Learners might use it as an adjective or verb, which is incorrect as it is a noun. For example, trying to say 'to footnote something' directly with 'پانویس' as a verb is wrong. The correct way to express this idea would be using phrases like 'در پانویس ذکر کردن' (dar pānavis zekr kardan - to mention in a footnote) or 'با پانویس توضیح دادن' (bā pānavis tozih dādan - to explain with a footnote).

اشتباه رایج این است که پانویس را با زیرنویس اشتباه بگیرند.

Translation: A common mistake is to confuse footnote with subtitle.

Furthermore, learners might forget to use the correct preposition when referring to footnotes. For instance, when indicating that information is found in a footnote, the preposition 'در' (dar - in) or 'به' (be - to) is often used, as in 'به پانویس مراجعه کنید' (be pānavis morāja'e konid - refer to the footnote). Incorrect prepositions can lead to grammatical errors.

Finally, overusing the term 'پانویس' in contexts where it's not applicable can also be a mistake. It's best reserved for academic, formal, or scholarly writing and discussions. For general notes or annotations in less formal settings, other Persian terms might be more appropriate.

Exploring Synonyms and Alternatives for 'پانویس'

While 'پانویس' (pānavis) is the standard and most common term for 'footnote' in Persian, especially in academic and formal writing, there are related terms and alternative ways to express similar concepts. Understanding these nuances helps in choosing the most precise word for a given context.

'زیرنویس' (Zīrnavis)
Meaning: Subtitle, caption.
Difference: As discussed in common mistakes, 'زیرنویس' is typically used for text displayed at the bottom of a screen (like in movies) or captions for images. It is not used for annotations within a written document's page.
Example: فیلم با زیرنویس فارسی پخش شد. (The movie was broadcast with Persian subtitles.)
'توضیح' (Tozih) / 'توضیحات' (Tozihāt)
Meaning: Explanation / Explanations.
Difference: This is a general term for explanation. While a 'پانویس' contains explanations, 'توضیح' itself is not a footnote. You might refer to the content of a footnote as 'توضیحات' (explanations).
Example: برای درک بهتر این مفهوم، به توضیحات در پانویس مراجعه کنید. (For better understanding of this concept, refer to the explanations in the footnote.)
'ارجاع' (Erjā') / 'ارجاعات' (Erjā'āt)
Meaning: Reference / References.
Difference: 'ارجاع' specifically refers to the act of referring to a source or the source itself. A significant portion of footnotes are citations ('ارجاعات'). However, not all footnotes are just references; some contain explanations.
Example: لیست کامل ارجاعات در انتهای کتاب آمده است. (The complete list of references is provided at the end of the book.)

In academic writing, the term 'پانویس' is highly specific and preferred for footnotes. If you need to refer to the content of a footnote, you might use 'توضیحات پانویس' (tozihāt-e pānavis - footnote explanations) or 'محتوای پانویس' (mohtavā-ye pānavis - footnote content). When discussing the source itself that is cited in a footnote, 'منبع' (manba' - source) or 'ارجاع' would be used.

این کتاب دارای پانویس های فراوانی است که هر کدام حاوی یک ارجاع مهم هستند.

Translation: This book has many footnotes, each containing an important reference.

Sometimes, especially in less formal or older texts, you might encounter terms like 'حاشیه' (hāshiye - margin/note) used loosely, but 'پانویس' is the precise term for a note at the bottom of the page. In contemporary Persian academic and publishing contexts, 'پانویس' is the undisputed standard. Avoid using 'زیرنویس' for anything other than screen captions or subtitles.

Curiosidade

The concept of adding notes at the bottom of pages has a long history, dating back to ancient scribal traditions. The Persian term 'پانویس' is a clear and descriptive coinage that perfectly captures this practice. It's a testament to the Persian language's ability to create precise terms through compounding.

Guia de pronúncia

UK /pɑːnɒˈviːs/
US /pɑːnɒˈviːs/
The stress is on the second syllable: pa-no-VIS.
Rima com
avis navis tavis bavis chavis davis ghavis khavis
Erros comuns
  • Mispronouncing the 'v' sound as 'f'.
  • Incorrect stress placement, e.g., stressing the first syllable.
  • Not clearly articulating the final 's' sound.
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Exemplos por nível

1

این یک پانویس است.

This is a footnote.

Simple sentence structure.

2

پانویس در پایین صفحه است.

The footnote is at the bottom of the page.

Using 'در' (dar) for location.

3

من پانویس را دیدم.

I saw the footnote.

Past tense verb.

4

پانویس کمک می کند.

The footnote helps.

Simple subject-verb sentence.

5

این پانویس مهم است.

This footnote is important.

Adjective describing the noun.

6

کتاب پانویس دارد.

The book has footnotes.

'دارد' (dārad) for possession.

7

شماره پانویس چیست؟

What is the footnote number?

Question formation.

8

لطفا پانویس را بخوان.

Please read the footnote.

Imperative verb.

1

هر مقاله یک پانویس دارد که اطلاعات اضافی می‌دهد.

Each article has a footnote that gives additional information.

Compound sentence structure with 'که' (ke).

2

من برای تحقیق، به پانویس‌ها مراجعه کردم.

I referred to the footnotes for my research.

Using 'به' (be) with 'مراجعه کردن' (morāja'e kardan).

3

نویسنده در پانویس، منبع خود را ذکر کرده است.

The author has mentioned their source in the footnote.

Past perfect tense.

4

این پانویس به یک کتاب قدیمی اشاره دارد.

This footnote refers to an old book.

Using 'اشاره دارد' (eshāre dārad) for reference.

5

گاهی اوقات پانویس‌ها طولانی‌تر از متن اصلی هستند.

Sometimes footnotes are longer than the main text.

Comparative adjective.

6

باید پانویس را قبل از خواندن متن اصلی بررسی کنیم.

We should check the footnote before reading the main text.

Modal verb 'باید' (bāyad).

7

در پانویس شماره پنج، توضیحات بیشتری یافت می‌شود.

More explanations are found in footnote number five.

Passive voice construction.

8

کتاب‌های تاریخی معمولاً پانویس‌های زیادی دارند.

History books usually have many footnotes.

Adverb of frequency 'معمولاً' (ma'mūlan).

1

برای درک عمیق‌تر موضوع، مراجعه به پانویس‌ها ضروری است.

Referring to the footnotes is essential for a deeper understanding of the subject.

Using gerunds as subjects.

2

این پانویس حاوی اطلاعاتی درباره تاریخچه کلمه است.

This footnote contains information about the etymology of the word.

Using 'حاوی' (hāvi) meaning 'containing'.

3

ویراستار از نویسنده خواست تا پانویس‌های خود را بازبینی کند.

The editor asked the author to review their footnotes.

Reported speech.

4

در این اثر علمی، هر ادعا با یک پانویس مستند شده است.

In this scientific work, every claim has been substantiated with a footnote.

Using 'مستند شده است' (mostanad shode ast) - has been documented.

5

خوانندگان تشویق می‌شوند که پانویس‌ها را نادیده نگیرند.

Readers are encouraged not to ignore the footnotes.

Passive voice with encouragement.

6

فرهنگ لغت، پانویس‌های مفصلی درباره ریشه‌های کلمات ارائه می‌دهد.

The dictionary provides detailed footnotes about the origins of words.

Using 'ارائه می‌دهد' (erā'e midahad) - provides.

7

محل قرارگیری پانویس در انتهای هر صفحه است.

The placement of the footnote is at the end of each page.

Using 'محل قرارگیری' (mahal-e qarār-giri) - placement.

8

این کتاب به دلیل پانویس‌های جامعش شهرت دارد.

This book is famous for its comprehensive footnotes.

Using 'به دلیل' (be dalil) - because of.

1

برای صحت و دقت علمی، هرگونه نقل قول یا آمار باید با پانویس مستند گردد.

For scientific accuracy and precision, any quote or statistic must be substantiated with a footnote.

Using 'مستند گردد' (mostanad gardad) - must be substantiated (subjunctive).

2

در نگارش مقالات آکادمیک، استفاده صحیح از پانویس‌ها از اهمیت بالایی برخوردار است.

In writing academic articles, the correct use of footnotes is of high importance.

Using 'از اهمیت بالایی برخوردار است' (az ahamiyat-e bālāyi bar-khordār ast) - is of high importance.

3

این پانویس به تفسیری از یک متن کلاسیک اشاره دارد که در بخش دیگری از کتاب بحث شده است.

This footnote refers to an interpretation of a classic text that has been discussed elsewhere in the book.

Complex sentence with relative clauses.

4

عدم ذکر منابع در پانویس‌ها می‌تواند به سرقت ادبی منجر شود.

Failure to cite sources in footnotes can lead to plagiarism.

Using 'عدم' (adam) - lack of/failure to.

5

نویسنده با افزودن پانویس‌های تفصیلی، خواننده را به کاوش بیشتر در موضوع ترغیب می‌کند.

By adding detailed footnotes, the author encourages the reader to explore the topic further.

Using participial phrases ('با افزودن').

6

در نسخه‌های دیجیتال، پانویس‌ها اغلب به صورت لینک‌های قابل کلیک پیاده‌سازی می‌شوند.

In digital versions, footnotes are often implemented as clickable links.

Using 'پیاده‌سازی می‌شوند' (piāde-sāzi mishavand) - are implemented.

7

هر پاراگراف در این پژوهش، با یک یا چند پانویس پشتیبانی می‌شود.

Each paragraph in this research is supported by one or more footnotes.

Using 'پشتیبانی می‌شود' (poshtibāni mishavad) - is supported.

8

این پانویس، به جای ارائه اطلاعات اضافی، صرفاً برای ذکر نام کتاب به کار رفته است.

This footnote, instead of providing additional information, has been used solely for citing the book's name.

Using 'به جای' (be jāy-e) - instead of, and 'صرفاً' (sarfan) - solely.

1

تتبع دقیق در پانویس‌های این اثر، بینش عمیقی از دیدگاه‌های مختلف در آن دوره تاریخی فراهم می‌آورد.

A meticulous examination of the footnotes in this work provides deep insight into the different perspectives of that historical period.

Sophisticated vocabulary ('تتبع دقیق', 'بینش عمیق', 'فراهم می‌آورد').

2

استفاده خلاقانه از پانویس‌ها می‌تواند به غنای معنایی متن افزوده و لایه‌های تفسیری جدیدی را بگشاید.

Creative use of footnotes can add to the semantic richness of the text and open up new layers of interpretation.

Abstract concepts ('غنای معنایی', 'لایه‌های تفسیری').

3

در تحلیل‌های انتقادی، پانویس‌ها نه تنها به عنوان مرجع، بلکه به مثابه فضایی برای بسط استدلال‌های فرعی عمل می‌کنند.

In critical analyses, footnotes function not only as references but also as a space for developing secondary arguments.

Using 'به مثابه' (be masābe) - as/in the capacity of.

4

ماهیت پانویس‌ها گاهی اوقات به گونه‌ای است که خود به موضوعی برای پژوهش تبدیل می‌شود.

The nature of footnotes is sometimes such that they themselves become a subject for research.

Subordinate clauses and abstract nouns.

5

باور بر این است که پانویس‌های این اثر، بازتابی از دغدغه‌های فکری نویسنده در زمان نگارش هستند.

It is believed that the footnotes of this work are a reflection of the author's intellectual concerns at the time of writing.

Impersonal construction ('باور بر این است').

6

تمرکز بر جزئیات ارائه‌شده در پانویس‌ها، می‌تواند دریچه‌ای به سوی درک عمیق‌تر از نیات نویسنده بگشاید.

Focusing on the details presented in the footnotes can open a window towards a deeper understanding of the author's intentions.

Metaphorical language ('دریچه‌ای به سوی').

7

در متون تاریخی، پانویس‌ها نقش حیاتی در رمزگشایی از ارجاعات مبهم و پر کردن خلاءهای اطلاعاتی ایفا می‌کنند.

In historical texts, footnotes play a vital role in deciphering ambiguous references and filling informational gaps.

Using 'ایفا می‌کنند' (īfā mikonand) - play (a role).

8

هرچند پانویس‌ها به طور سنتی در پایین صفحه قرار می‌گیرند، اما در فرمت‌های دیجیتال، انعطاف‌پذیری بیشتری در نمایش آن‌ها وجود دارد.

Although footnotes are traditionally placed at the bottom of the page, in digital formats, there is greater flexibility in their display.

Concessive clauses ('هرچند').

1

تفسیرهای چندوجهی ارائه شده در پانویس‌های این رساله، گواهی بر دقت نظر و عمق پژوهش نویسنده است.

The multifaceted interpretations presented in the footnotes of this dissertation are a testament to the author's meticulousness and depth of research.

Complex nominalizations and abstract nouns ('تفسیرهای چندوجهی', 'گواهی بر دقت نظر').

2

اهمیت پانویس‌ها در متون کلاسیک، صرفاً به ارجاع‌دهی محدود نمی‌شود، بلکه به عنوان بستری برای بسط نظریات و بازتاب بینامتنی عمل می‌کند.

The significance of footnotes in classic texts is not merely limited to referencing; rather, they function as a platform for developing theories and intertextual reflection.

Emphasis on function beyond citation ('صرفاً به ... محدود نمی‌شود', 'بستری برای بسط').

3

بررسی تطبیقی پانویس‌های نسخه‌های مختلف یک اثر، می‌تواند به روشن شدن سیر تحول معنایی و اندیشه‌های مؤلف یاری رساند.

A comparative study of the footnotes from different versions of a work can help elucidate the semantic evolution and the author's thoughts.

Advanced comparative analysis vocabulary ('بررسی تطبیقی', 'سیر تحول معنایی', 'یاری رساند').

4

در تحلیل‌های پسا‌ساختارگرایانه، پانویس‌ها گاه به مثابه نقاط گسست در روایت اصلی عمل کرده و ساختارهای سلسله‌مراتبی متن را به چالش می‌کشند.

In post-structuralist analyses, footnotes sometimes act as points of rupture in the main narrative, challenging the text's hierarchical structures.

Specialized academic jargon ('پسا‌ساختارگرایانه', 'نقاط گسست', 'به چالش می‌کشند').

5

پیچیدگی‌های ارجاع‌دهی در پانویس‌ها، نیازمند درکی عمیق از نظام‌های استنادی و تعهد به اصول اخلاق پژوهش است.

The complexities of referencing in footnotes require a deep understanding of citation systems and a commitment to the principles of research ethics.

Abstract concepts and formal phrasing ('پیچیدگی‌های ارجاع‌دهی', 'نظام‌های استنادی', 'تعهد به اصول اخلاق پژوهش').

6

این پانویس، با ارجاع به متون غیرمنتظره، گستره وسیع مطالعاتی نویسنده و ارتباطات بینارشته‌ای او را آشکار می‌سازد.

This footnote, by referencing unexpected texts, reveals the author's broad range of studies and interdisciplinary connections.

Sophisticated vocabulary ('گستره وسیع', 'ارتباطات بینارشته‌ای', 'آشکار می‌سازد').

7

در تحلیل گفتمان، پانویس‌ها می‌توانند به عنوان نشانگرهایی از خودآگاهی نویسنده نسبت به محدودیت‌های متن اصلی یا تعهدات ایدئولوژیک او عمل کنند.

In discourse analysis, footnotes can act as indicators of the author's self-awareness regarding the main text's limitations or their ideological commitments.

Specialized terminology ('تحلیل گفتمان', 'خودآگاهی', 'تعهدات ایدئولوژیک').

8

ضرورت بازنگری در شیوه‌های نگارش پانویس‌ها، با توجه به تحولات اخیر در نشر الکترونیک و دسترسی به اطلاعات، امری اجتناب‌ناپذیر به نظر می‌رسد.

The necessity of re-evaluating footnote writing methods, considering recent developments in electronic publishing and information access, seems unavoidable.

Formal and forward-looking phrasing ('بازنگری', 'تحولات اخیر', 'امری اجتناب‌ناپذیر').

Colocações comuns

پانویس اضافه کردن
به پانویس مراجعه کردن
پانویس علمی
پانویس توضیحی
پانویس ارجاعی
پانویس‌های جامع
پانویس در انتهای صفحه
شماره پانویس
نوشتن پانویس
محتوای پانویس

Frases Comuns

به پانویس مراجعه کنید

— Refer to the footnote.

برای اطلاعات بیشتر در مورد این نظریه، به پانویس مراجعه کنید.

در پانویس ذکر شده است

— It is mentioned in the footnote.

جزئیات مربوط به این رویداد در پانویس ذکر شده است.

پانویس شماره ...

— Footnote number ...

لطفاً به پانویس شماره سه توجه فرمایید.

حاوی پانویس

— Containing a footnote.

این صفحه حاوی پانویس مهمی است.

اضافه کردن پانویس

— Adding a footnote.

شما باید برای هر نقل قول، اضافه کردن پانویس را فراموش نکنید.

بررسی پانویس

— Checking the footnote.

قبل از ارائه مقاله، بررسی پانویس‌ها ضروری است.

بدون پانویس

— Without a footnote.

این جمله بدون پانویس ارائه شده است.

با پانویس

— With a footnote.

این کتاب با پانویس‌های فراوان منتشر شده است.

محتوای پانویس

— The content of the footnote.

محتوای پانویس را خواندم و اطلاعات مفیدی به دست آوردم.

پانویس و متن اصلی

— Footnote and main text.

تمایز بین پانویس و متن اصلی برای درک کامل مطلب لازم است.

Família de palavras

Substantivos

پانویس (pānavis)

Verbos

نوشتن (neveshtan - to write)
افزودن (afzudan - to add)
مراجعه کردن (morāja'e kardan - to refer)

Adjetivos

مفصل (mof'،el - detailed)
مهم (mohem - important)
علمی (elmi - scientific)

Relacionado

پا (pā - foot)
نویسنده (nevisande - writer)
نوشته (neveshte - writing/written work)
زیرنویس (zīrnavis - subtitle)
متن (matn - text)
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Memorize

Mnemônico

Imagine someone writing a note at the very 'foot' of a document - 'pa' (foot) + 'nevis' (write). Picture a tiny person with a pen at the bottom of a giant page, writing a 'پانویس'.

Associação visual

Visualize a book with large pages. At the very bottom edge of each page, there's a small, distinct box or line containing extra text. This visual directly represents the 'foot-writing' concept.

Word Web

Footnote Bottom of page Extra information Citation Academi

Origem da palavra

The word 'پانویس' is a compound Persian word formed from two elements: 'پا' (pā), meaning 'foot', and 'نویس' (nevis), derived from the verb 'نوشتن' (neveshtan), meaning 'to write'. This literal construction 'foot-writing' directly reflects its function as text written at the foot of a page.

Significado original: Literally 'foot-writing'.

Indo-Iranian (Persian)
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