B1 noun 11 min de leitura
At the A1 beginner level, your primary goal is simply to recognize the word 'सेवाग्राही' rather than actively using it in conversation. You do not need to worry about complex grammar rules or pluralization yet. Instead, focus on visual recognition. If you travel to India and visit a bank, a government office, or an internet cafe, you might see signs pointing to a 'सेवाग्राही कक्ष' (Client Room) or 'सेवाग्राही सहायता' (Client Assistance). Knowing that this word means 'client' or 'customer' will help you navigate these spaces. You can think of it as a formal label. At this stage, you only need to know that 'सेवा' means service, and this long word refers to the person getting the service. You won't hear street vendors using it, so reserve it for reading signs and basic official forms.
As an A2 learner, you are starting to form basic sentences and interact in everyday situations. While 'सेवाग्राही' is a formal word, you might need to use it if you are explaining a basic professional situation. For example, if you work in an office and someone asks who you are waiting for, you can say, 'मैं सेवाग्राही का इंतज़ार कर रहा हूँ' (I am waiting for the client). At this level, you should practice using the word with simple postpositions like 'का' (of) and 'को' (to). Remember that it is a masculine noun. You should also start distinguishing it from 'ग्राहक' (customer in a shop). If you are roleplaying a bank teller or a receptionist in your Hindi class, using 'सेवाग्राही' instead of the English word 'client' will make your dialogue sound much more authentic and culturally accurate.
At the B1 intermediate level, you are expected to handle a variety of professional and formal interactions. 'सेवाग्राही' becomes an active part of your vocabulary. You should be comfortable pluralizing it correctly in the oblique case, saying things like 'सेवाग्राहियों के लिए' (for the clients). You will encounter this word in news reports, simple official letters, and emails. You should be able to write a basic email in Hindi starting with 'प्रिय सेवाग्राही' (Dear Client). You also need to understand its context deeply—knowing that it applies to services (like IT, law, consulting) rather than goods. At this stage, you can express opinions about customer service, using phrases like 'सेवाग्राही की संतुष्टि' (client satisfaction) and discuss why treating a client well is important in business.
At the B2 upper-intermediate level, your use of 'सेवाग्राही' should be fluid and nuanced. You are now reading Hindi newspapers, listening to formal news broadcasts, and perhaps dealing with Indian corporate environments. You will notice how journalists and bureaucrats use this word to maintain a formal register. You should be able to debate topics like consumer rights, distinguishing clearly between 'सेवाग्राही' (client), 'उपभोक्ता' (consumer), and 'ग्राहक' (customer). You can construct complex sentences, such as 'कंपनी की नई नीति का मुख्य उद्देश्य सेवाग्राहियों को बेहतर सुविधा प्रदान करना है' (The main objective of the company's new policy is to provide better facilities to the clients). You are aware of the cultural weight of the word 'Seva' and how it influences the professional dynamic in India.
At the C1 advanced level, you have near-native fluency in formal and professional Hindi. You can draft legal documents, official government memos, and complex corporate policies using 'सेवाग्राही' appropriately. You understand the subtle differences between pure Hindi legal terms and their Urdu equivalents, knowing exactly when to use 'सेवाग्राही' versus 'मुवक्किल' (legal client). You can read dense bureaucratic texts, such as a 'नागरिक चार्टर' (Citizen's Charter), and fully comprehend the rights and duties of the 'सेवाग्राही' outlined within. You can deliver a formal presentation in Hindi to stakeholders, discussing 'सेवाग्राही प्रतिधारण' (client retention) and 'सेवाग्राही अधिग्रहण' (client acquisition) without hesitation, using perfect grammar and sophisticated vocabulary.
At the C2 mastery level, 'सेवाग्राही' is just one tool in your expansive linguistic arsenal. You understand its etymology (Sanskrit 'seva' + 'grahi') and can play with its morphological structure in academic or literary writing. You can analyze how the shift from a socialist economy to a service-driven capitalist economy in India has popularized terms like 'सेवाग्राही' in public discourse. You can write critical essays on public administration, evaluating how government portals treat the 'सेवाग्राही'. You seamlessly switch registers, knowing exactly when a situation demands the hyper-formal 'सेवाग्राही', the legal 'मुवक्किल', or the everyday 'ग्राहक', and you use these words to establish authority, show respect, or define legal boundaries with absolute precision.
The Hindi word 'सेवाग्राही' (sevāgrāhī) is a highly formal and specific noun used to describe a person, group, or organization that receives a service. To truly understand this word, we must break it down into its constituent parts, which originate from Sanskrit. The first part, 'सेवा' (sevā), translates directly to 'service', 'attendance', or 'care'. The second part, 'ग्राही' (grāhī), means 'receiver', 'acceptor', or 'one who grasps'. When combined, the term literally means 'the receiver of a service'. In English, the closest equivalents are 'client', 'customer' (specifically in a service context rather than retail), or 'service recipient'. This word is predominantly used in formal, official, legal, and bureaucratic contexts in India. You will rarely hear it in casual street conversations or informal settings. Instead, it is the preferred terminology in government documents, public service announcements, banking sectors, and corporate environments where services are rendered to the public or to specific clients. Understanding when to use 'सेवाग्राही' is crucial for mastering formal Hindi. If you are buying an apple from a market, you are a 'ग्राहक' (grāhak - customer/buyer). However, if you are hiring a lawyer, consulting an architect, or receiving assistance from a government municipality office, you are a 'सेवाग्राही'. This distinction is vital because using the wrong term can make your Hindi sound unnatural. The modern Indian economy has seen a massive shift towards the service sector, including IT, consulting, healthcare, and finance. Consequently, the use of this word has become much more prevalent in official communications. Companies often use it in their mission statements, emphasizing their commitment to the 'सेवाग्राही'.
Etymological Breakdown
Seva (Service) + Grahi (Receiver). This pure Sanskrit origin makes it a 'Tatsam' word in Hindi vocabulary.

बैंक का हर सेवाग्राही हमारे लिए महत्वपूर्ण है। (Every client of the bank is important to us.)

In public administration, the concept of a 'Citizen's Charter' (नागरिक चार्टर) relies heavily on defining the rights of the 'सेवाग्राही'. Government portals designed for public grievance redressal often have a specific login section titled 'सेवाग्राही लॉगिन' (Client/Citizen Login). This elevates the status of the citizen from a mere subject to a respected recipient of government services.
Contextual Usage
Use in formal letters, official complaints, legal notices, and corporate policies to sound professional.

वकील अपने सेवाग्राही के अधिकारों की रक्षा करता है। (A lawyer protects the rights of their client.)

The word also carries a sense of duty. In Indian culture, 'Seva' is considered a noble act. Therefore, the 'Sevagrahi' is someone to be treated with utmost respect and diligence. Organizations often conduct training programs to improve 'सेवाग्राही संतुष्टि' (Client Satisfaction), mirroring the western corporate focus on customer experience.
Corporate Hindi
In modern Hindi corporate jargon, this word is the standard translation for 'Client' in B2B and B2C service models.

हमारी कंपनी सेवाग्राही की प्रतिक्रिया को गंभीरता से लेती है। (Our company takes client feedback seriously.)

अस्पताल में सेवाग्राही को बेहतर सुविधाएं मिलनी चाहिए। (The client/patient should get better facilities in the hospital.)

सरकारी योजना का लाभ हर सेवाग्राही तक पहुंचना चाहिए। (The benefit of the government scheme must reach every service recipient.)

Understanding this word opens doors to comprehending high-level Hindi news broadcasts, reading official documents without confusion, and interacting confidently in professional environments across the Hindi-speaking world. It bridges the gap between conversational language and professional terminology.
Using 'सेवाग्राही' correctly in sentences requires an understanding of Hindi grammar, particularly noun gender, pluralization, and case markers (postpositions). 'सेवाग्राही' is a masculine noun ending in the vowel 'ई' (ī). In Hindi grammar, masculine nouns ending in 'ī' do not change their form in the direct plural. Therefore, one client is 'एक सेवाग्राही' (ek sevāgrāhī) and multiple clients are 'कई सेवाग्राही' (kaī sevāgrāhī). However, when you use a postposition after the plural form—such as 'को' (to), 'का' (of), 'से' (from), or 'में' (in)—the noun changes to its oblique plural form, which is 'सेवाग्राहियों' (sevāgrāhiyōṃ). This is a critical grammatical rule that learners often miss, leading to sentences that sound structurally incorrect to native speakers. Let us explore various sentence structures to solidify this understanding.
Direct Singular
Used when the client is the subject of the sentence without any postpositions attached to it.

नया सेवाग्राही आज कार्यालय आ रहा है। (The new client is coming to the office today.)

When forming sentences in the oblique singular (when a postposition follows a singular client), the word remains 'सेवाग्राही'. For example, 'सेवाग्राही को' (to the client) or 'सेवाग्राही का' (of the client).
Oblique Singular
The form of the noun when it is followed by a postposition, indicating relationship or direction.

हमें इस सेवाग्राही की समस्या का समाधान करना होगा। (We must resolve this client's problem.)

Now, let us look at the oblique plural, which is where the transformation to 'सेवाग्राहियों' occurs. This is vital for discussing groups of clients in a professional setting.
Oblique Plural
Changes the ending to '-iyom' when referring to multiple clients followed by a postposition.

सभी सेवाग्राहियों को ईमेल भेज दिया गया है। (Emails have been sent to all clients.)

इन सेवाग्राहियों से फीडबैक लेना बहुत ज़रूरी है। (It is very important to take feedback from these clients.)

कंपनी ने अपने सेवाग्राहियों के लिए एक नई नीति बनाई है। (The company has created a new policy for its clients.)

In passive voice constructions, which are common in formal Hindi, you will often see sentences like 'सेवाग्राही को सूचित किया जाता है' (The client is hereby informed). This structure is ubiquitous in official letters and notices. Mastering these variations ensures that your Hindi sounds polished, respectful, and grammatically flawless in any professional environment. It shows a deep understanding of how nouns interact with the rest of the sentence structure in formal registers.
While you might not hear 'सेवाग्राही' while buying groceries at the local bazaar, it is a word you will encounter frequently if you engage with any formal institution in India. Its usage maps directly onto the professional, legal, and bureaucratic landscapes of the Hindi-speaking world. One of the primary places you will see and hear this word is in government offices. Whether you are at a Regional Transport Office (RTO) applying for a driving license, at a passport Seva Kendra, or dealing with municipal corporations for property taxes, the documentation will refer to you as the 'सेवाग्राही'. Public servants are trained to use this terminology to maintain a standard of formal respect.
Government Portals
Digital India initiatives heavily use this term on websites for citizen logins and service requests.

पोर्टल पर सेवाग्राही पंजीकरण अनिवार्य है। (Client registration on the portal is mandatory.)

Another major domain is the banking and financial sector. Banks in India, especially public sector banks like the State Bank of India, use 'सेवाग्राही' in their Hindi circulars, terms and conditions, and customer service charters. When you sign a loan agreement or open a new account, the Hindi version of the document will outline the rights and responsibilities of the 'सेवाग्राही'.
Banking Sector
Used in financial agreements, privacy policies, and customer grievance redressal forms.

बैंक सेवाग्राही की जानकारी गोपनीय रखता है। (The bank keeps the client's information confidential.)

The legal profession also relies heavily on this word. Lawyers and legal consultants refer to their clients as 'सेवाग्राही' (though 'मुवक्किल' - muvakkil, an Urdu-derived word, is also very common in courts). In formal legal drafting in Hindi, 'सेवाग्राही' is preferred for its pure Sanskrit roots, which align with the formal register of Indian constitutional law.
Legal and IT Services
IT companies and law firms use it in Service Level Agreements (SLAs) and contracts.

यह अनुबंध सेवाग्राही और प्रदाता के बीच है। (This contract is between the client and the provider.)

आईटी कंपनी ने अपने सेवाग्राही के लिए नया सॉफ़्टवेयर विकसित किया। (The IT company developed new software for its client.)

अधिवक्ता ने सेवाग्राही के पक्ष में दलील दी। (The advocate argued in favor of the client.)

Finally, in the healthcare sector, particularly in large corporate hospitals or government health schemes, patients receiving care are sometimes documented as 'सेवाग्राही' in administrative contexts, separating the medical aspect (where they are 'मरीज़' - patient) from the administrative and billing aspect. Recognizing this word in these varied environments helps you navigate the bureaucratic and professional landscape of India with confidence and clarity.
When learning a highly formal word like 'सेवाग्राही', learners often make mistakes regarding its context, pronunciation, and grammatical application. The most common error is using it in informal or retail contexts. Because dictionaries often translate it simply as 'customer' or 'client', a learner might walk into a vegetable market or a clothing store and refer to themselves or others as a 'सेवाग्राही'. This sounds incredibly awkward and overly dramatic to a native speaker. In a shop where physical goods are exchanged, the correct word is always 'ग्राहक' (grāhak). 'सेवाग्राही' strictly implies the receipt of a *service*, not a physical product.
Contextual Error
Using the word in retail shops instead of service-oriented environments like banks or offices.

दुकानदार ने सेवाग्राही को फल दिए। (Incorrect usage - should be 'ग्राहक')

Another frequent mistake relates to pronunciation. The word contains a consonant conjunct 'ग्र' (gr) in the middle. English speakers sometimes pronounce it as two separate syllables 'ga-ra', making it sound like 'seva-garahi'. The 'g' and 'r' must blend smoothly, similar to the 'gr' in the English word 'grasp'. Furthermore, the final vowel is a long 'ई' (ī). Cutting it short to 'seva-grahi' (with a short 'i' like in 'hit') changes the phonetics and sounds non-native.
Pronunciation Error
Failing to blend the 'g' and 'r' in 'grahi', or shortening the final long vowel.

मैं एक सेवाग्राही हूँ। (Pronounce as se-vaa-graa-hee, not se-va-ga-ra-hi)

Grammatically, learners often fail to pluralize the word correctly in the oblique case. As discussed in the grammar section, many learners will say 'सेवाग्राही को' when referring to multiple clients, instead of the correct 'सेवाग्राहियों को'. This is a hallmark of an intermediate learner who hasn't fully mastered Hindi noun declensions.
Grammatical Error
Forgetting to change the ending to '-iyom' when using a postposition with a plural subject.

मैंने सभी सेवाग्राहियों से बात की। (Correct: I spoke to all clients. Incorrect: मैंने सभी सेवाग्राही से बात की।)

इन सेवाग्राहियों का डेटा सुरक्षित है। (Correct: These clients' data is secure.)

हम सेवाग्राहियों को बेहतरीन सेवा देते हैं। (Correct: We give excellent service to clients.)

Lastly, confusing it with 'उपभोक्ता' (upbhoktā - consumer) is common. While a 'सेवाग्राही' receives a specific service, an 'उपभोक्ता' consumes a product or service in a broader economic sense (like a consumer of electricity or goods). Using them interchangeably in legal or economic essays can lead to imprecise writing. Paying attention to these nuances will significantly elevate your formal Hindi proficiency.
The Hindi language is incredibly rich in vocabulary, offering specific words for different types of customers, clients, and consumers. Understanding the alternatives to 'सेवाग्राही' is essential for choosing the right word for the right context. The most common alternative, which is often mistakenly used interchangeably, is 'ग्राहक' (grāhak). While 'सेवाग्राही' is specifically a receiver of services, 'ग्राहक' is a buyer of goods. If you are at a grocery store, a clothing boutique, or a car dealership, you are a 'ग्राहक'. The relationship is transactional and based on physical commodities.
ग्राहक (Grahak)
Meaning 'Customer' or 'Buyer'. Used in retail and commerce where tangible goods are purchased.

दुकानदार अपने ग्राहक का स्वागत करता है। (The shopkeeper welcomes his customer.)

Another highly relevant word is 'उपभोक्ता' (upbhoktā), which translates to 'consumer'. This word has a broader economic and legal scope. It refers to the end-user of a product or service. For example, in India, there are 'Consumer Courts' (उपभोक्ता अदालत), not 'Client Courts'. An 'उपभोक्ता' consumes what is produced, whether it's electricity, food, or media.
उपभोक्ता (Upbhokta)
Meaning 'Consumer'. Used in macroeconomics, consumer rights law, and general consumption contexts.

यह कानून उपभोक्ता के अधिकारों की रक्षा करता है। (This law protects consumer rights.)

In legal circles, while 'सेवाग्राही' is perfectly valid formal Hindi, the Urdu-derived word 'मुवक्किल' (muvakkil) is extremely prevalent. 'मुवक्किल' specifically means a lawyer's client. You will hear this word constantly in courtrooms and legal dramas. It carries a specific nuance of someone who has appointed an advocate to represent them.
मुवक्किल (Muvakkil)
Meaning 'Client', specifically in a legal context. An Urdu loanword deeply integrated into Indian legal jargon.

वकील अपने मुवक्किल से मिलने जेल गया। (The lawyer went to jail to meet his client.)

क्या आप मेरे मुवक्किल पर आरोप लगा रहे हैं? (Are you accusing my client?)

जज ने मुवक्किल को बरी कर दिया। (The judge acquitted the client.)

Lastly, in religious or traditional contexts, a person who hires a priest to perform a ceremony is called a 'यजमान' (yajmān). This is a very specific type of 'client' relationship rooted in ancient traditions. While 'सेवाग्राही' is the modern, secular, bureaucratic equivalent for receiving a service, understanding these varied terms—ग्राहक, उपभोक्ता, मुवक्किल, and यजमान—gives you a comprehensive map of how Hindi categorizes professional and transactional relationships.

Exemplos por nível

1

यह सेवाग्राही है।

This is a client.

Simple identification sentence using the verb 'है'.

2

वह एक सेवाग्राही है।

He/She is a client.

Using 'एक' (one/a) as an article.

3

सेवाग्राही कहाँ है?

Where is the client?

Question formation with 'कहाँ' (where).

4

मैं सेवाग्राही हूँ।

I am a client.

First-person present tense 'हूँ'.

5

सेवाग्राही का नाम क्या है?

What is the client's name?

Using the possessive marker 'का'.

6

यह सेवाग्राही का कमरा है।

This is the client's room.

Possessive 'का' matching the masculine noun 'कमरा'.

7

सेवाग्राही आ रहा है।

The client is coming.

Present continuous tense for a masculine singular subject.

8

सेवाग्राही अंदर है।

The client is inside.

Using the location adverb 'अंदर' (inside).

1

सेवाग्राही आज कार्यालय में नहीं है।

The client is not in the office today.

Negative sentence with location 'में' (in).

2

मुझे सेवाग्राही से बात करनी है।

I have to talk to the client.

Compulsion structure 'मुझे... करनी है' with postposition 'से'.

3

क्या आपने सेवाग्राही को देखा है?

Have you seen the client?

Present perfect tense with 'ने' marker on subject.

4

नया सेवाग्राही बहुत अच्छा है।

The new client is very good.

Adjective 'नया' (new) modifying the masculine noun.

5

सेवाग्राही को एक कप चाय दीजिए।

Please give a cup of tea to the client.

Polite imperative 'दीजिए' with indirect object marker 'को'.

6

सेवाग्राही कल वापस आएगा।

The client will return tomorrow.

Future tense 'आएगा' for masculine singular.

7

यह फ़ाइल सेवाग्राही की है।

This file belongs to the client.

Possessive 'की' matching the feminine noun 'फ़ाइल'.

8

सेवाग्राही इंतज़ार कर रहा है।

The client is waiting.

Present continuous tense 'कर रहा है'.

1

बैंक को अपने सेवाग्राहियों की जानकारी सुरक्षित रखनी चाहिए।

The bank should keep its clients' information safe.

Oblique plural 'सेवाग्राहियों' with compulsion 'चाहिए'.

2

हमारी कंपनी का मुख्य लक्ष्य सेवाग्राही की संतुष्टि है।

Our company's main goal is client satisfaction.

Formal vocabulary integration 'संतुष्टि' (satisfaction).

3

अगर सेवाग्राही को कोई समस्या है, तो वह हमसे संपर्क कर सकता है।

If the client has any problem, they can contact us.

Conditional sentence 'अगर... तो' (if... then).

4

वकील ने सेवाग्राही को कानूनी सलाह दी।

The lawyer gave legal advice to the client.

Past tense with 'ने' and indirect object marker 'को'.

5

सभी सेवाग्राहियों को ईमेल द्वारा सूचित कर दिया गया है।

All clients have been informed via email.

Passive voice 'सूचित कर दिया गया है' with oblique plural.

6

क्या आप इस सेवाग्राही का खाता खोल सकते हैं?

Can you open this client's account?

Modal verb 'सकते हैं' (can) for ability/request.

7

हमें नए सेवाग्राहियों को आकर्षित करने के लिए एक योजना बनानी होगी।

We will have to make a plan to attract new clients.

Infinitive + 'के लिए' (in order to) structure.

8

सेवाग्राही ने हमारी सेवाओं के बारे में अच्छी प्रतिक्रिया दी है।

The client has given good feedback about our services.

Present perfect tense with formal vocabulary 'प्रतिक्रिया' (feedback).

1

सरकारी पोर्टल पर सेवाग्राही के पंजीकरण की प्रक्रिया को सरल बनाया गया है।

The process of client registration on the government portal has been simplified.

Passive voice construction common in formal announcements.

2

किसी भी व्यवसाय की सफलता उसके सेवाग्राहियों के विश्वास पर निर्भर करती है।

The success of any business depends on the trust of its clients.

Complex sentence using 'निर्भर करती है' (depends on).

3

सेवाग्राही की शिकायतों का निवारण चौबीस घंटे के भीतर किया जाना चाहिए।

Client complaints must be resolved within twenty-four hours.

Formal passive obligation 'किया जाना चाहिए'.

4

अनुबंध पर हस्ताक्षर करने से पहले सेवाग्राही को सभी नियम और शर्तें पढ़ लेनी चाहिए।

Before signing the contract, the client should read all terms and conditions.

Use of 'से पहले' (before) and compound verb 'पढ़ लेनी चाहिए'.

5

हमारी आईटी टीम ने विदेशी सेवाग्राहियों के लिए एक नया सॉफ़्टवेयर विकसित किया है।

Our IT team has developed a new software for foreign clients.

Oblique plural with adjectives 'विदेशी सेवाग्राहियों'.

6

सेवाग्राही प्रतिधारण दर बढ़ाने के लिए हमें अपनी ग्राहक सेवा में सुधार करना होगा।

To increase the client retention rate, we will have to improve our customer service.

Corporate vocabulary 'प्रतिधारण दर' (retention rate).

7

अस्पताल प्रशासन ने सेवाग्राहियों की सुविधा के लिए नए दिशा-निर्देश जारी किए हैं।

The hospital administration has issued new guidelines for the convenience of the clients (patients).

Formal administrative language 'दिशा-निर्देश' (guidelines).

8

यह सुनिश्चित करना हमारी ज़िम्मेदारी है कि सेवाग्राही को उच्च गुणवत्ता वाली सेवा मिले।

It is our responsibility to ensure that the client receives high-quality service.

Subordinate clause starting with 'कि' (that).

1

अधिवक्ता ने न्यायालय में स्पष्ट किया कि उनके सेवाग्राही के खिलाफ लगाए गए सभी आरोप बेबुनियाद हैं।

The advocate clarified in the court that all charges leveled against their client are baseless.

Advanced legal vocabulary 'बेबुनियाद' (baseless) and 'आरोप' (charges).

2

नागरिक चार्टर के अंतर्गत, प्रत्येक सेवाग्राही को निर्धारित समय-सीमा में सरकारी सेवा प्राप्त करने का अधिकार है।

Under the Citizen's Charter, every client has the right to receive government service within the stipulated time frame.

Bureaucratic Hindi phrasing 'निर्धारित समय-सीमा' (stipulated time frame).

3

कंपनी ने अपने सेवाग्राहियों के डेटा की गोपनीयता भंग होने पर सार्वजनिक रूप से माफ़ी मांगी।

The company publicly apologized upon the breach of privacy of its clients' data.

Complex gerund phrase 'भंग होने पर' (upon being breached).

4

सेवाग्राही अधिग्रहण की लागत को कम करने के लिए विपणन विभाग को नई रणनीतियों पर विचार करना होगा।

The marketing department must consider new strategies to reduce the cost of client acquisition.

Corporate jargon 'सेवाग्राही अधिग्रहण' (client acquisition).

5

इस वित्तीय संस्थान का मुख्य उद्देश्य ग्रामीण क्षेत्रों में अपने सेवाग्राहियों को सूक्ष्म ऋण सुविधाएँ प्रदान करना है।

The main objective of this financial institution is to provide micro-credit facilities to its clients in rural areas.

Formal economic vocabulary 'सूक्ष्म ऋण' (micro-credit).

6

सेवाग्राही द्वारा दी गई गवाही ने इस जटिल मामले की दिशा ही बदल दी।

The testimony given by the client completely changed the direction of this complex case.

Passive participle acting as an adjective 'दी गई गवाही' (given testimony).

7

समझौते के मसौदे में सेवाग्राही के हितों की रक्षा के लिए कई कड़े प्रावधान शामिल किए गए हैं।

Several strict provisions have been included in the draft agreement to protect the interests of the client.

Formal legal phrasing 'प्रावधान' (provisions) and 'हितों की रक्षा' (protection of interests).

8

तकनीकी खराबी के कारण सेवाग्राहियों को हुई असुविधा के लिए प्रबंधन ने खेद व्यक्त किया है।

The management has expressed regret for the inconvenience caused to the clients due to the technical glitch.

Formal apology structure 'खेद व्यक्त किया है' (has expressed regret).

1

सेवाग्राही-प्रदाता संबंध में पारदर्शिता का अभाव अक्सर कानूनी विवादों को जन्म देता है, जिसका समाधान मध्यस्थता के माध्यम से किया जाना श्रेयस्कर है।

A lack of transparency in the client-provider relationship often gives rise to legal disputes, the resolution of which is preferable through arbitration.

Highly formal academic/legal phrasing 'श्रेयस्कर' (preferable) and 'मध्यस्थता' (arbitration).

2

सार्वजनिक प्रशासन में नव-लोक प्रबंधन के सिद्धांत सेवाग्राही को एक मात्र प्राप्तकर्ता के बजाय एक सक्रिय हितधारक के रूप में स्थापित करते हैं।

The principles of New Public Management in public administration establish the client as an active stakeholder rather than a mere recipient.

Academic terminology 'नव-लोक प्रबंधन

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