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विषण्ण

B1 adjective 7 min de leitura

विषण्ण

vishann

Pratique Exemplos Notas e dicas विषण्ण em 30 segundos

Explicação विषण्ण in your Level:

At the A1 level, you don't really need to use 'विषण्ण'. It is a very difficult word. Instead, you should use 'उदास' (udaas) which means 'sad'. Think of 'विषण्ण' as a 'super sad' word that you find in old storybooks. If you see it, just remember it means someone is feeling very, very down. You won't hear people say this in a shop or a restaurant. It's like the English word 'dejected'—you wouldn't use it to describe a small child who lost their toy, but you might read it in a serious book.

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For A2 learners, 'विषण्ण' is a word to recognize rather than use. You might see it in a Hindi news headline or a short story. It is an adjective. It describes a person's mood. While 'दुखी' (dukhi) means 'unhappy', 'विषण्ण' (vishann) means someone is so sad that they have no energy left. It's a formal word. If you are writing a letter to a friend, don't use it. But if you are reading a poem, and you see this word, know that the poet is talking about a very deep sadness.

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At the B1 level, you should start understanding the nuance of 'विषण्ण'. It is a B1-level word because it introduces you to 'Tatsam' vocabulary—words taken directly from Sanskrit. It means 'dejected' or 'despondent'. You use it when 'उदास' isn't strong enough. For example, if a character in a movie loses everything, they are 'विषण्ण'. It is used to describe a person's face (चेहरा) or heart (मन). It's a great word to use in a formal essay about a tragic event to show you have a rich vocabulary.

At the B2 level, you should be able to use 'विषण्ण' in formal writing and understand its emotional weight. It implies a sense of hopelessness and sinking. You should also know the noun form 'विषण्णता' (dejection). B2 speakers use this word to describe the 'mood' or 'atmosphere' of a scene in literature. It’s also important to distinguish it from 'खिन्न' (annoyed/sad) and 'अवसाद' (depression). 'विषण्ण' is the feeling, while 'अवसाद' is the medical condition. Using it correctly shows you understand the register of the Hindi language.

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C1 learners should appreciate the etymology of 'विषण्ण' (from the root 'sad' - to sit). In C1 level analysis, you would use this word to describe the 'Karuna Rasa' in classical Indian aesthetics. You should be able to identify it in complex texts like the works of Premchand or Prasad. At this level, you should also be comfortable using it metaphorically—for example, describing a 'विषण्ण संध्या' (a gloomy evening) to set a melancholic tone in your creative writing. You understand that this word carries a sense of gravity that common synonyms lack.

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At the C2 level, 'विषण्ण' is a tool for precision. You use it to differentiate between various shades of sorrow. You might discuss the 'विषण्णता' of Arjuna in the Gita as a philosophical starting point. You are aware of its phonetic beauty—the double retroflex 'ṇṇ'—and how it adds a somber resonance to spoken Hindi. You can use it in academic critiques of literature, high-level journalism, or when translating complex English literary terms like 'despondency' or 'melancholia' where 'उदास' would be a stylistic failure.

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विषण्ण em 30 segundos

विषण्ण is a formal Hindi adjective meaning deeply sad or dejected.
It comes from Sanskrit and implies a heavy, sinking feeling of sorrow.
Commonly used in literature and news rather than casual conversation.
It remains grammatically stable but requires masculine/feminine verb agreement.

The Hindi word विषण्ण (Vishann) is a sophisticated adjective derived from Sanskrit that describes a state of profound sadness, dejection, or despondency. While common words like उदास (udaas) or दुखी (dukhi) cover general unhappiness, विषण्ण specifically captures a 'sinking' feeling—a heavy, somber gloom that often follows a significant disappointment or a tragic realization. It is a 'high-register' word, meaning you will encounter it more frequently in literature, formal journalism, and classical poetry than in casual street conversations.

Emotional Depth: It suggests a person whose spirit has 'sat down' or 'collapsed' under the weight of grief. It is not a fleeting sadness but a state of being overwhelmed by sorrow.
Literary Context: In Hindi literature (Sahitya), this word is used to describe protagonists in moments of existential crisis or after losing a battle, both literal and metaphorical.
Visual Cues: A 'विषण्ण' face is one that is pale, lacking luster, and characterized by downcast eyes. It is the visual embodiment of 'dejection'.

हार के समाचार ने सेनापति को विषण्ण कर दिया। (The news of the defeat left the commander dejected.)

Historically, the word comes from the Sanskrit root वि + सद् (vi + sad), where 'sad' means to sit. Literally, it refers to someone whose heart has 'sat down' or 'sunk'. This etymological connection is shared with the English word 'sad' through Proto-Indo-European roots, making it a distant linguistic cousin. In modern Hindi, it functions as a pure adjective and does not change its form based on the gender of the person it describes (though the auxiliary verbs following it will).

उसकी विषण्ण मुद्रा देखकर सब चुप हो गए। (Seeing his dejected posture, everyone fell silent.)

When you use विषण्ण, you are signaling a higher level of Hindi proficiency. It shows an understanding of the Bhava (emotion) rather than just the basic meaning. It is often paired with words like 'मन' (mind/heart), 'मुद्रा' (posture/expression), or 'चेहरा' (face). Because it is a Tatsam word (directly from Sanskrit), it carries a certain weight and dignity, often used in eulogies, tragic news reports, or serious psychological discussions.

Using विषण्ण correctly requires understanding its grammatical role as an adjective. It modifies nouns to describe a state of gloom. Unlike some Hindi adjectives that end in '-aa' (like बड़ा/baḍā) and change to '-ii' or '-e', विषण्ण remains stable. However, the nouns it qualifies and the verbs that follow must agree in gender and number.

Describing a Person: When describing a person's state: 'वह विषण्ण है' (He/She is dejected). Here, the focus is on the internal state.
Describing an Expression: 'उसका विषण्ण चेहरा' (His dejected face). This is a common collocation in narrative writing.
As a Result of an Action: Often used with the verb 'होना' (to be/become) or 'करना' (to make). 'समाचार सुनकर वह विषण्ण हो गया' (Hearing the news, he became dejected).

परीक्षा में असफल होने के बाद छात्र विषण्ण मन से घर लौटा। (After failing the exam, the student returned home with a dejected heart.)

In the sentence above, 'विषण्ण' modifies 'मन' (mind/heart). Note how it adds a layer of 'heaviness' that the word 'उदास' (sad) would not fully convey. 'उदास' might imply he's just pouting; 'विषण्ण' implies he is deeply troubled and perhaps feels hopeless.

Another sophisticated use is in the context of nature or environment. A 'विषण्ण शाम' (a dejected evening) can be used metaphorically in poetry to describe a sunset that feels lonely or sad. This personification is a hallmark of the Chhayavad (Neo-romanticism) movement in Hindi literature.

युद्ध के बाद पूरा नगर विषण्ण दिखाई दे रहा था। (After the war, the entire city appeared dejected/gloomy.)

While you might not hear a teenager say 'विषण्ण' while playing video games, you will hear it in specific, high-impact cultural contexts. Understanding these helps you recognize the 'vibe' of the word.

News & Documentaries: Hindi news anchors on channels like Rajya Sabha TV or BBC Hindi use it when reporting on natural disasters or the passing of a national figure. It conveys the appropriate gravity.
Classical Music & Arts: In discussions about Ragas that evoke 'Karuna Rasa' (the essence of compassion or pathos), critics often describe the mood as 'विषण्ण'.
Formal Literature Classes: If you study Hindi literature, particularly the works of Jaishankar Prasad or Mahadevi Varma, this word is unavoidable. It is central to describing the human condition in their poetry.

उपन्यास का नायक अंत में विषण्ण होकर हिमालय चला गया। (In the end, the novel's protagonist, feeling dejected, went to the Himalayas.)

In modern times, you'll also see it in psychological self-help articles written in Hindi. It is used to distinguish between clinical depression (अवसाद - avsaad) and the temporary but deep state of being 'विषण्ण'. It bridges the gap between everyday sadness and medical terminology.

Listening to Hindi podcasts that focus on history or philosophy will expose you to this word frequently. It is a favorite among speakers who value 'Shuddh Hindi' (pure Hindi) over 'Hinglish'.

Because विषण्ण is a technical and formal word, learners often trip over its pronunciation and its specific emotional boundaries.

The 'Nna' Sound: The word ends with a double retroflex 'ṇṇ'. Many learners pronounce it as a simple 'n' (like in 'sun'). It should be 'vi-shaṇ-ṇa', with the tongue touching the roof of the mouth for the 'ṇ'.
Overuse in Casual Settings: Using 'विषण्ण' to say you're sad because a restaurant is closed sounds overly dramatic, almost like saying 'I am despondent' when you meant 'I'm bummed out'. Stick to 'उदास' for minor inconveniences.
Confusion with 'विष' (Poison): While they share the 'Vish' sound, they are unrelated. 'विष' means poison. 'विषण्ण' comes from 'vi+sad'. Don't assume it means 'poisonous'!

Incorrect: मैं पिज्जा न मिलने पर विषण्ण हूँ। (Too formal/dramatic)
Correct: मैं पिज्जा न मिलने पर उदास हूँ।

Another mistake is forgetting that 'विषण्ण' is an adjective, not a verb. You cannot 'विषण्ण' someone directly; you must use 'विषण्ण करना' (to make dejected). Similarly, you don't 'विषण्ण' (verb); you 'विषण्ण होते हैं' (become dejected).

Hindi has a rich vocabulary for sadness. Choosing the right one depends on the intensity and the context. Here is how विषण्ण compares to its cousins:

उदास (Udaas): The most common word for 'sad'. It is neutral and can be used for anything from a bad day to a breakup. विषण्ण is much heavier and more formal.
खिन्न (Khinn): This means 'vexed' or 'annoyed-sad'. It has a touch of irritation or being 'put off'. विषण्ण is pure sorrow without the irritation.
म्लान (Mlaan): Literally 'withered' like a flower. It describes a face that has lost its glow due to sadness. It is very close to विषण्ण but focuses more on the physical appearance of sadness.
हतोत्साहित (Hatotsahit): Means 'discouraged'. While विषण्ण is an emotional state, हतोत्साहित is a state of losing motivation.

तुलना: 'वह उदास है' (He is sad) vs 'वह विषण्ण है' (He is despondent/dejected).

In a professional email, if you are expressing regret over a serious matter, 'खेद' (regret) is used for the action, but 'विषण्ण' might describe the atmosphere of a meeting after bad news. However, 'विषण्ण' is rarely used in business; it belongs to the realms of the soul, art, and high literature.

How Formal Is It?

Curiosidade

The root 'sad' (to sit) is the same root that gives us 'sedentary' in English and 'sada' (always/settled) in some contexts. When you are 'vishann', your heart has literally 'sat down'.

Guia de pronúncia

UK /ʋɪ.ʂəɳ.ɳə/

US /vɪ.ʃʌn.nə/

The stress is on the second syllable 'shaṇ'.

Rima com

प्रसन्न (Prasann) खिन्न (Khinn) भिन्न (Bhinn) छिन्न (Chhinn) विच्छिन्न (Vichchhinn) संपन्न (Sampann) विपन्न (Vipann) आसन्न (Aasann)

Erros comuns

Pronouncing 'sh' as 's' (Visann).
Pronouncing 'nn' as a single 'n' (Vishann).
Using a dental 'n' instead of a retroflex 'n'.

Nível de dificuldade

Leitura 7/5

Common in literature but rare in basic texts.

Escrita 8/5

Requires knowledge of Tatsam spelling and retroflex 'n'.

Expressão oral 8/5

Pronunciation of 'sh' and 'nn' is tricky for non-natives.

Audição 7/5

Easy to confuse with 'udaas' if not listening carefully.

O que aprender depois

Pré-requisitos

उदास दुखी मन चेहरा होना

Aprenda a seguir

विषाद अवसाद खिन्न म्लान व्यथित

Avançado

वैराग्य करुणा निर्वेद शोक

Gramática essencial

Tatsam Adjectives

विषण्ण (remains same for masc/fem nouns).

Conjunct Consonants

ण्ण (retroflex nasal gemination).

Cerebral 'Sha'

ष (requires specific tongue position).

Abstract Noun Suffix '-taa'

विषण्ण + ता = विषण्णता.

Participle 'hokar'

विषण्ण होकर (feeling/being dejected).

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Exemplos por nível

वह बहुत विषण्ण है।

He is very dejected.

Simple subject + adjective + verb.

राम विषण्ण क्यों है?

Why is Ram dejected?

Question form using 'क्यों'.

उसका चेहरा विषण्ण था।

His face was dejected.

Past tense 'था' with masculine noun 'चेहरा'.

विषण्ण मत हो।

Don't be dejected.

Imperative negative 'मत'.

यह एक विषण्ण कहानी है।

This is a dejected/sad story.

'विषण्ण' modifying the feminine noun 'कहानी'.

सीता विषण्ण दिखती है।

Sita looks dejected.

Present simple feminine verb 'दिखती'.

मैं विषण्ण नहीं हूँ।

I am not dejected.

Negative sentence.

वे सब विषण्ण थे।

They all were dejected.

Plural agreement.

मैच हारने के बाद खिलाड़ी विषण्ण थे।

After losing the match, the players were dejected.

Postposition 'के बाद' (after).

उसकी विषण्ण आँखों में आँसू थे।

There were tears in her dejected eyes.

Adjective modifying plural 'आँखों'.

वह विषण्ण होकर बैठ गया।

He sat down feeling dejected.

'होकर' (having become/feeling).

तुम्हें विषण्ण होने की ज़रूरत नहीं है।

You don't need to be dejected.

'ज़रूरत नहीं है' (no need).

गाँव का माहौल विषण्ण था।

The village atmosphere was gloomy.

Describing an abstract noun 'माहौल'.

वह अपनी विषण्ण हालत पर रोया।

He cried over his dejected condition.

'हालत' is feminine, but 'विषण्ण' doesn't change.

विषण्ण चेहरा किसी को अच्छा नहीं लगता।

No one likes a dejected face.

General statement.

क्या तुम विषण्ण महसूस कर रहे हो?

Are you feeling dejected?

Present continuous question.

अपनी विफलता पर वह विषण्ण मन से घर लौटा।

On his failure, he returned home with a dejected mind.

Use of 'विषण्ण मन' as a compound idea.

विषण्ण होकर उसने अपनी तलवार नीचे रख दी।

Feeling dejected, he put his sword down.

Participle 'होकर' indicates state.

उसकी विषण्ण मुद्रा ने सबको चिंतित कर दिया।

His dejected posture worried everyone.

Transitive verb 'चिंतित कर दिया'.

वह कई दिनों तक विषण्ण अवस्था में रहा।

He remained in a dejected state for many days.

'अवस्था' (state/condition).

विषण्ण स्वर में उसने अपनी व्यथा सुनाई।

In a dejected voice, he told his agony.

'स्वर' (voice/tone) is masculine.

बाढ़ के बाद लोग विषण्ण दिखाई दे रहे थे।

People appeared dejected after the flood.

Passive-like appearance 'दिखाई दे रहे थे'.

इतने विषण्ण क्यों हो, सब ठीक हो जाएगा।

Why so dejected? Everything will be fine.

Colloquial structure.

विषण्णता से बाहर निकलने के लिए मेहनत करो।

Work hard to come out of dejection.

Noun form 'विषण्णता'.

कवि ने विषण्ण प्रकृति का सुंदर चित्रण किया है।

The poet has beautifully depicted dejected nature.

Metaphorical use of 'प्रकृति'.

वह विषण्ण होकर एकांत में समय बिताने लगा।

Becoming dejected, he started spending time in solitude.

'एकांत' (solitude).

युद्ध की विभीषिका ने सम्राट को विषण्ण कर दिया।

The horror of war left the emperor dejected.

'विभीषिका' (horror/terribleness).

उसका विषण्ण व्यक्तित्व उसकी कविताओं में झलकता है।

His dejected personality is reflected in his poems.

'झलकता है' (is reflected).

विषण्ण हृदय से प्रार्थना करना भी कठिन है।

It is difficult even to pray with a dejected heart.

'हृदय' (heart).

उसकी आँखों की विषण्णता बहुत कुछ कह रही थी।

The dejection in her eyes was saying a lot.

Genitive case 'की विषण्णता'.

विषण्ण होने के बजाय समाधान ढूँढो।

Instead of being dejected, find a solution.

'के बजाय' (instead of).

उसके विषण्ण हाव-भाव से उसकी हार का पता चला।

His dejected gestures revealed his defeat.

'हाव-भाव' (gestures/body language).

छायावादी कवियों ने विषण्णता को एक कलात्मक गरिमा प्रदान की।

Chhayavadi poets gave dejection an artistic dignity.

Literary historical context.

विषण्ण मन की गहराई को मापना असंभव है।

It is impossible to measure the depth of a dejected mind.

Abstract philosophical statement.

वह अपनी विषण्ण स्मृतियों के बोझ तले दबा हुआ था।

He was crushed under the weight of his dejected memories.

'तले दबा हुआ' (crushed under).

समाज की विषण्ण स्थिति को देखकर सुधारक का मन भर आया।

Seeing the dejected state of society, the reformer's heart was moved.

Idiom 'मन भर आया'.

विषण्णता और वैराग्य के बीच एक महीन रेखा होती है।

There is a fine line between dejection and detachment.

Comparison of abstract nouns.

उसकी विषण्ण वाणी में सत्य का तीखापन था।

In his dejected voice, there was the sharpness of truth.

'वाणी' (speech/voice) is feminine.

विषण्ण नायक का चरित्र चित्रण करना लेखक के लिए चुनौती थी।

Depicting the character of a dejected hero was a challenge for the writer.

Gerund subject 'चित्रण करना'.

उसका विषण्ण मौन शब्दों से अधिक प्रभावशाली था।

His dejected silence was more impactful than words.

'मौन' (silence).

महाभारत के प्रथम अध्याय में अर्जुन की विषण्णता का मनोवैज्ञानिक विश्लेषण मिलता है।

A psychological analysis of Arjuna's dejection is found in the first chapter of the Mahabharata.

Academic/Theological context.

विषण्णता केवल एक भावना नहीं, बल्कि एक दार्शनिक स्थिति भी हो सकती है।

Dejection is not just an emotion, but can also be a philosophical state.

'बल्कि' (but rather).

उसकी रचनाओं में विषण्णता का पुट सौंदर्य को और गहरा करता है।

In his works, the touch of dejection deepens the beauty.

'पुट' (touch/layer).

विषण्ण होने का अर्थ यह नहीं कि आप पराजित हो चुके हैं।

Being dejected does not mean that you have already been defeated.

Complex clausal structure.

सांस्कृतिक ह्रास ने समूचे राष्ट्र को विषण्ण कर दिया था।

Cultural decline had left the entire nation dejected.

Sociopolitical context.

उसकी विषण्ण दृष्टि क्षितिज पर टिकी थी, जैसे वह कुछ खोया हुआ ढूँढ रही हो।

Her dejected gaze was fixed on the horizon, as if searching for something lost.

'जैसे... हो' (as if... were).

विषण्णता के इस तिमिर में आशा की एक किरण शेष थी।

In this darkness of dejection, one ray of hope remained.

Metaphorical 'तिमिर' (darkness).

विषण्णता की पराकाष्ठा ही कभी-कभी आत्म-साक्षात्कार का मार्ग प्रशस्त करती है।

Sometimes, the pinnacle of dejection paves the way for self-realization.

High-register Tatsam vocabulary.

Sinônimos

उदास खिन्न म्लान हतोत्साहित दुखी मर्माहत अवसादग्रस्त व्यथित

Antônimos

प्रसन्न हर्षित प्रफुल्ल उत्साहित

Colocações comuns

विषण्ण मन

विषण्ण चेहरा

विषण्ण मुद्रा

विषण्ण स्वर

विषण्ण वातावरण

विषण्ण दृष्टि

अत्यंत विषण्ण

विषण्ण अवस्था

विषण्ण स्मृतियाँ

विषण्ण मौन

Frases Comuns

विषण्ण हो जाना

— To become dejected. Used when someone's mood drops suddenly.

खबर सुनते ही वह विषण्ण हो गया।

विषण्ण दिखाई देना

— To appear dejected. Used to describe visual observation.

आज तुम विषण्ण दिखाई दे रहे हो।

विषण्ण कर देना

— To make someone dejected. Transitive usage.

उसकी बातों ने मुझे विषण्ण कर दिया।

विषण्ण मन से

— With a dejected heart/mind. Often used as an adverbial phrase.

उसने विषण्ण मन से विदा ली।

विषण्णता छाना

— For dejection to spread or prevail.

पूरे घर में विषण्णता छा गई।

विषण्ण भाव

— Dejected expression or feeling.

उसके विषण्ण भाव से सब समझ गए।

विषण्ण अवस्था में

— In a dejected state.

वह विषण्ण अवस्था में घर लौटा।

विषण्ण नयन

— Dejected eyes (poetic).

उसके विषण्ण नयनों में आँसू थे।

विषण्ण वदन

— Dejected face (literary).

विषण्ण वदन के साथ वह चुप रहा।

विषण्ण स्मृति

— A dejected or sad memory.

यह एक विषण्ण स्मृति है।

Frequentemente confundido com

विषण्ण vs विष (Vish)

Means poison. Shared 'Vish' sound but different meaning.

विषण्ण vs विभूषण (Vibhushan)

Means ornament. Similar prefix but opposite context.

विषण्ण vs विशेष (Vishesh)

Means special. Common word, don't confuse prefixes.

Expressões idiomáticas

"विषण्णता के बादल छाना"

— To be surrounded by a gloom of dejection. Used for prolonged sadness.

उसके जीवन पर विषण्णता के बादल छा गए हैं।

Literary

"मन विषण्ण होना"

— For the heart to sink in sorrow.

उसकी हालत देख मेरा मन विषण्ण हो गया।

Common

"विषण्ण होकर बैठना"

— To sit idly in dejection, giving up on action.

हार के बाद विषण्ण होकर बैठना ठीक नहीं।

Neutral

"चेहरा विषण्ण पड़ना"

— For the face to turn pale or gloomy suddenly.

सच जानते ही उसका चेहरा विषण्ण पड़ गया।

Neutral

"विषण्णता की मूर्ति"

— The embodiment of dejection. Used to describe someone extremely sad.

वह विषण्णता की मूर्ति लग रही थी।

Literary

"विषण्ण स्वर में रोना"

— To weep with a dejected, hopeless sound.

वह विषण्ण स्वर में रोने लगा।

Neutral

"विषण्णता की गर्त में गिरना"

— To fall into the pit of dejection.

वह विषण्णता की गर्त में गिरता चला गया।

Formal

"विषण्ण हृदय से प्रार्थना"

— Prayer from a dejected heart (sincere but broken).

उसने विषण्ण हृदय से भगवान को पुकारा।

Formal

"विषण्ण स्मृतियों में खोना"

— To get lost in sad/dejected memories.

पुरानी विषण्ण स्मृतियों में खोना बेकार है।

Neutral

"विषण्णता का त्याग करना"

— To give up dejection and move on.

विषण्णता का त्याग करो और आगे बढ़ो।

Formal

Fácil de confundir

विषण्ण vs खिन्न

Both mean sad/dejected.

Khinn has a nuance of irritation or being annoyed, while Vishann is pure dejection.

वह उसकी बातों से खिन्न है (He is annoyed/sad by her words).

विषण्ण vs म्लान

Both are formal adjectives for sadness.

Mlaan specifically refers to the physical fading or withering of a face/flower, while Vishann is more about the internal state.

उसका मुखड़ा म्लान था (His face was withered/pale).

विषण्ण vs उदास

General term for sad.

Udaas is simple and common; Vishann is formal and much deeper in intensity.

बच्चा उदास है (The child is sad).

विषण्ण vs हतोत्साहित

Both follow failure.

Hatotsahit is specifically 'discouraged' or 'lacking motivation', while Vishann is 'dejected' or 'heavy-hearted'.

खिलाड़ी हतोत्साहित हो गया (The player lost motivation).

विषण्ण vs अवसाद

Both relate to deep sadness.

Avsaad is a noun (depression), Vishann is an adjective (dejected).

वह अवसाद में है (He is in depression).

Padrões de frases

वह [Adjective] है।

वह विषण्ण है।

[Noun] विषण्ण था।

चेहरा विषण्ण था।

[Event] के बाद वह विषण्ण हो गया।

हार के बाद वह विषण्ण हो गया।

विषण्ण [Noun] से...

विषण्ण मन से उसने बात की।

उसकी [Noun] विषण्ण थी।

उसकी मुद्रा विषण्ण थी।

विषण्णता का [Noun]...

विषण्णता का प्रभाव गहरा था।

जितना वह [Adj] था, उतना ही...

जितना वह विषण्ण था, उतना ही शांत भी था।

विषण्णता की [Noun] में...

विषण्णता की पराकाष्ठा में उसने सच पाया।

Família de palavras

Substantivos

विषाद (Vishada) - Sorrow/Dejection

विषण्णता (Vishann-taa) - State of dejection

Verbos

विषण्ण होना (Vishann hona) - To be dejected

विषण्ण करना (Vishann karna) - To make dejected

Adjetivos

विषण्ण (Vishann) - Dejected

Relacionado

उदास

खिन्न

म्लान

शोक

अवसाद

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Como usar

frequency

Low in daily speech, High in literature and news.

Erros comuns

Using 'विषण्ण' for minor sadness. → Use 'उदास'.
विषण्ण is too heavy for small things like a broken toy.
Pronouncing it as 'Vish-an'. → Vi-shaṇ-ṇa.
The double retroflex 'n' is essential for correct pronunciation.
Changing it to 'विषण्णी' for females. → विषण्ण (remains same).
Tatsam adjectives ending in consonants usually don't change for gender in Hindi.
Spelling it with 'श' (sha) instead of 'ष' (sha). → विषण्ण (with ष).
The cerebral 'sha' is the correct Sanskrit spelling used in Hindi.
Thinking it means 'poisonous'. → It means 'dejected'.
Don't confuse it with 'विष' (poison).

Dicas

Context Matters

Save 'विषण्ण' for describing characters in stories or serious life events. Using it for a lost umbrella sounds silly.

The Retroflex Challenge

Make sure to curl your tongue back for 'sh' (ष) and 'nn' (ण्ण). It gives the word its formal weight.

Learn the Pair

Memorize 'विषण्ण' (Sad) and 'प्रसन्न' (Happy) together. They are common antonyms in Hindi exams.

Use with 'मन'

The phrase 'विषण्ण मन से' (with a dejected heart) is a very common and natural way to use this word in essays.

News Watch

Watch BBC Hindi or Rajya Sabha TV. You will hear this word when they discuss tragedies or serious social issues.

Adjective Agreement

Remember: 'वह विषण्ण है' (He is dejected) and 'वह विषण्ण है' (She is dejected). The adjective doesn't change!

Poetic License

In poetry, 'विषण्ण' can describe nature, like a 'विषण्ण बादल' (a gloomy cloud).

Sanskrit Connection

Knowing it comes from 'vi-sad' helps you remember it's a 'sinking' feeling.

Elevate Your Hindi

Using this word instead of 'udaas' in a formal speech will make you sound like a scholar.

Vision Gone

Think: My 'Vision' is 'Gone' because I am 'Vishann' (dejected).

Memorize

Mnemônico

Think of 'Vish' (like poison) making someone 'Ann' (unhappy). Although etymologically wrong, it helps remember the 'Vish' start. Or, 'Vi-shann' sounds like 'Vision' is 'gone'—when you are dejected, you lose your vision for the future.

Associação visual

Imagine a person sitting on a dark bench under a single street lamp, shoulders slumped, looking at a withered flower.

Word Web

Sadness Dejection Sanskrit Formal Literary Pale Heavy Sinking

Desafio

Try to use 'विषण्ण' in a sentence describing a character in a movie you recently watched.

Origem da palavra

From the Sanskrit word 'विषण्ण' (viṣaṇṇa).

Significado original: Past passive participle of 'vi-sad' (to sink down, to be despondent).

Indo-Aryan (Sanskrit)

Contexto cultural

It is a heavy word; use it with empathy when describing people's real-life tragedies.

Equivalent to 'despondent' or 'melancholy' in English literature.

Arjuna's Vishada in the Gita Nirala's poetry Premchand's tragic characters

Pratique na vida real

Contextos reais

Literature

विषण्ण नायक
विषण्ण वातावरण
विषण्ण अंत
विषण्ण मन

News/Journalism

विषण्ण जनता
विषण्ण स्थिति
विषण्ण चेहरे
विषण्ण माहौल

Psychology/Self-help

विषण्णता के लक्षण
विषण्ण महसूस करना
विषण्णता से मुक्ति
विषण्ण अवस्था

History/Philosophy

अर्जुन का विषाद
विषण्ण सम्राट
विषण्ण काल
विषण्ण स्मृतियाँ

Daily Life (Formal)

विषण्ण स्वर
विषण्ण मुद्रा
विषण्ण मन से
इतने विषण्ण क्यों हो?

Iniciadores de conversa

"क्या तुम कभी किसी फिल्म का अंत देखकर विषण्ण हुए हो?"

"आज समाचार देखकर मन थोड़ा विषण्ण हो गया है।"

"विषण्णता से बाहर आने के लिए तुम क्या करते हो?"

"उसकी विषण्ण मुद्रा का क्या कारण हो सकता है?"

"क्या तुम्हें लगता है कि विषण्णता इंसान को गहराई देती है?"

Temas para diário

अपने जीवन के उस पल के बारे में लिखें जब आप सचमुच विषण्ण महसूस कर रहे थे।

एक विषण्ण शाम का वर्णन करें जब आप अकेले थे।

क्या विषण्णता और उदासी में कोई अंतर है? अपने विचार लिखें।

एक ऐसी कहानी लिखें जिसका अंत बहुत विषण्ण हो।

विषण्णता से लड़ने के तीन तरीके क्या हो सकते हैं?

Perguntas frequentes

10 perguntas

Rarely. It is more common in formal writing, literature, and news. In daily life, people prefer 'उदास' or 'परेशान'.

No, 'विषण्ण' is an invariable adjective in Hindi. It stays the same for masculine and feminine nouns, though the verb following it will change.

The noun form is 'विषण्णता' (dejection) or 'विषाद' (sorrow/despondency).

Yes, metaphorically. You can say 'विषण्ण वातावरण' to describe a gloomy or somber atmosphere.

It comes from the Sanskrit root 'vi-sad', meaning to sink down or be despondent.

It is generally negative as it describes sadness, but in literature, it can represent a profound, thoughtful state.

It is a retroflex double 'n'. Curl your tongue back to touch the roof of the mouth and hold the 'n' sound slightly longer.

It is a feeling of dejection, which can be a symptom of depression (अवसाद), but 'विषण्ण' is an adjective, not a medical diagnosis.

The most direct opposite is 'प्रसन्न' (happy/cheerful) or 'हर्षित' (joyful).

Only in very formal reports or serious discussions. For general work-related sadness, use 'खेद' (regret) or 'उदास'.

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