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B1 noun #7,200 mais comum 10 min de leitura

멸종

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Pratique Exemplos Notas e dicas 멸종 em 30 segundos

Explicação 멸종 in your Level:

At the A1 level, you don't need to use the word '멸종' (extinction) very often, but you might see it in simple books about animals. Think of it as a special word for when a whole group of animals, like dinosaurs, is gone forever. You can remember it by looking at pictures of dinosaurs and saying '공룡은 멸종했어요' (Dinosaurs are extinct). At this stage, focus on the fact that it's a noun and it usually talks about animals that we can't see anymore. It is a big, important word, but you can understand it as 'no more of this animal in the whole world.' You might hear your teacher say it when talking about why we should be kind to nature. Just remember: one dog dying is '죽다', but all dogs in the world dying would be '멸종'. It's a very sad and big word!

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At the A2 level, you can start using '멸종' in basic sentences about the environment. You might learn the phrase '멸종 위기 동물' (endangered animals). This is a very common phrase in Korea. You can use it to talk about pandas, tigers, or polar bears. You should also learn that '멸종' is a noun, but if you add '되다' (to become), it becomes a verb: '멸종되다'. For example, '북극곰이 멸종되고 있어요' (Polar bears are going extinct). At this level, you should be able to recognize the word in simple news headlines or posters at the zoo. It's a useful word for basic conversations about nature and hobbies like watching documentaries. You don't need to know the complex science yet, just the basic idea of animals disappearing forever.

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At the B1 level, you should be comfortable using '멸종' in discussions about social issues and the environment. You should understand the difference between '멸종' (the state of extinction) and '멸종 위기' (the threat of extinction). You can now form more complex sentences using grammar like '-기 때문에' (because) or '-면' (if). For example, '환경이 오염되면 많은 동물이 멸종할 거예요' (If the environment is polluted, many animals will go extinct). You should also be aware of the Hanja roots: 멸 (perish) and 종 (species). This helps you distinguish it from other words like '소멸' (disappearing). At this level, you might encounter this word in intermediate reading passages about climate change or historical events. You should be able to express your opinion on why protecting endangered species is important using this word.

At the B2 level, you are expected to use '멸종' with more precision and in more formal contexts. You should be familiar with related terms like '대멸종' (mass extinction) and '멸종 위기 야생 생물' (endangered wildlife). You can use the causative form '멸종시키다' to talk about how human actions like '무분별한 개발' (indiscriminate development) or '밀렵' (poaching) cause species to disappear. You should also be able to understand the word when it's used in academic lectures or detailed news reports. At this stage, you might start to see the word used metaphorically in social commentary, such as the 'extinction of a culture' or 'population extinction'. Your ability to use '멸종' in a debate about environmental policy or biological ethics is a key indicator of your progress at this level.

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At the C1 level, your understanding of '멸종' should be nuanced and deeply integrated into your academic and professional vocabulary. You should be able to discuss the biological mechanisms of extinction, the impact on biodiversity (생물 다양성), and the ethical implications of 'de-extinction' (멸종 종 복원). You should understand the subtle differences between '멸종', '절멸', '사멸', and '소멸', and choose the correct one based on the specific context—whether it's cellular, linguistic, or ecological. You can use this word in high-level writing, such as research papers or formal essays, utilizing advanced grammar and formal endings. You should also be able to interpret the word's use in literature or complex social critiques, where it might be used to describe the death of an era or the end of a philosophical tradition.

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At the C2 level, you have a native-like grasp of '멸종' and its place in the Korean linguistic landscape. You can use it fluently in any context, from a scientific symposium to a poetic reflection on the transience of life. You understand the historical weight of the word in Korea, such as its connection to the lost tigers of the peninsula and how that affects national identity. You can effortlessly navigate the word's metaphorical extensions in political discourse regarding demographics and national survival. Your usage includes rare and highly formal synonyms or related Hanja-based terms. You can critique the use of the word in media, recognizing when it is being used for hyperbole or when it carries specific legal weight in environmental regulations. At this level, '멸종' is not just a vocabulary word, but a concept you can manipulate with precision and cultural depth.

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Pratique Exemplos Notas e dicas

멸종 em 30 segundos

멸종 (myeoljong) means 'extinction' and refers to the permanent disappearance of a biological species from Earth.
It is a noun often combined with '되다' (to become extinct) or '위기' (crisis/danger) to form 'endangered'.
Commonly used in environmental discussions, news, and history, especially concerning dinosaurs or modern climate change.
Do not confuse it with '사망' (individual death) or '전멸' (annihilation of a specific group like an army).

The Korean word 멸종 (myeoljong) is a profound and somber term primarily used in biological, ecological, and environmental contexts to describe the total disappearance of a species. Derived from Hanja, the word carries a weight of permanence that signifies the end of a genetic lineage. In everyday conversation, it is most frequently encountered in discussions about climate change, environmental protection, and historical biology, such as the fate of the dinosaurs. Understanding this word is crucial for anyone engaging with Korean media, as South Korea places a significant emphasis on environmental conservation and the protection of indigenous species like the Siberian tiger or the Korean goral.

Biological Definition: In a scientific sense, 멸종 refers to the moment a species ceases to exist globally. It is the death of the last individual of a group. Scientists use this term to track biodiversity loss and the health of ecosystems.
Environmental Activism: Environmentalists use the phrase '멸종 위기' (myeoljong wigi) which translates to 'danger of extinction' or 'endangered.' This is a ubiquitous term in Korean news reports regarding global warming and habitat destruction.
Metaphorical Usage: While primarily biological, it can occasionally be used metaphorically to describe the disappearance of a profession, a tradition, or a specific type of person, though '소멸' (somyeol) is often more common for abstract concepts.

지구 온난화로 인해 많은 동식물이 멸종할 위험에 처해 있습니다.

Translation: Many animals and plants are at risk of extinction due to global warming.

공룡은 수천만 년 전에 멸종되었습니다.

Translation: Dinosaurs became extinct tens of millions of years ago.

Furthermore, the word is deeply embedded in the educational curriculum in Korea. Children learn about '멸종 위기 동식물' (endangered flora and fauna) from a young age, fostering a sense of responsibility toward nature. In academic circles, the term is expanded into '대멸종' (daemyeoljong), meaning 'mass extinction,' referring to events like the Permian-Triassic extinction. The gravity of the word is unmatched; it does not just mean 'death,' but the 'erasure' of a kind. This distinction is vital for learners to grasp to avoid using it too lightly in casual conversation.

우리는 멸종 위기 종을 보호해야 합니다.

Translation: We must protect endangered species.

환경 오염이 심해지면 인간도 멸종할 수 있습니다.

Translation: If environmental pollution worsens, even humans could go extinct.

도도새는 인간의 사냥으로 인해 멸종했습니다.

Translation: The dodo bird went extinct due to human hunting.

Using 멸종 correctly requires understanding its grammatical flexibility as a noun and its transformation into verbs. Most commonly, it functions as the head of a noun phrase or combines with the auxiliary verb 되다 (to become) or 시키다 (to cause to become). Because extinction is often seen as a passive process happening to a species, 멸종되다 is the most frequent verbal form. However, when discussing human impact on nature, 멸종시키다 (to make extinct) is used to assign agency to the cause of the extinction.

Passive Form: ~되다: Used when a species disappears naturally or due to external factors. Example: '북극곰이 멸종될지도 모른다' (Polar bears might go extinct).
Active/Causative Form: ~시키다: Used when an agent causes the extinction. Example: '무분별한 개발이 생물들을 멸종시켰다' (Indiscriminate development caused creatures to go extinct).
Descriptive/Noun Usage: Often paired with '위기' (crisis) to describe endangered status: '멸종 위기종' (endangered species).

과학자들은 여섯 번째 대멸종이 시작되었다고 경고합니다.

Translation: Scientists warn that the sixth mass extinction has begun.

이미 멸종한 동물을 복원하는 것은 매우 어렵습니다.

Translation: It is very difficult to restore animals that have already gone extinct.

In formal writing, such as essays or news reports, you will see 멸종 combined with complex grammatical structures to indicate probability or necessity. For example, using the structure -지 않도록 (so that... does not) is common in conservation slogans. '멸종되지 않도록 보호합시다' (Let's protect them so they don't go extinct). Another common pattern is using -에 처하다 (to be in a state of) with 위기, creating the standard phrase for 'endangered'.

그 식물은 자생지 파괴로 멸종 위기에 처했습니다.

Translation: That plant is in danger of extinction due to habitat destruction.

밀렵은 야생 동물을 멸종으로 몰아넣는 주범입니다.

Translation: Poaching is the main culprit driving wild animals toward extinction.

한 종의 멸종은 생태계 전체에 영향을 미칩니다.

Translation: The extinction of one species affects the entire ecosystem.

You will encounter 멸종 in a variety of real-world scenarios in Korea, ranging from academic settings to popular culture. Most prominently, it is a staple of news broadcasts, specifically in the environmental and science segments. Whenever a new report on climate change is released by the IPCC or a local environmental group, this word will be featured in the headlines. It is also a core vocabulary word for students preparing for the TOPIK (Test of Proficiency in Korean) exam, particularly in the reading and listening sections that cover social and environmental issues.

Documentaries and Education: Nature documentaries on channels like EBS or KBS often feature stories about '멸종 위기 야생 생물' (endangered wildlife). The narration will use this word to build a sense of urgency and emotional connection with the audience.
Museums and Zoos: If you visit the National Institute of Biological Resources in Incheon or various natural history museums, signs will frequently label specimens as '멸종된 종' (extinct species) or '멸종 위기 야생 생물 I/II급' (Endangered Wildlife Grade I/II).
Science Fiction and Movies: In movies involving global catastrophes or post-apocalyptic themes, characters might discuss the potential '인류의 멸종' (extinction of humanity). This adds a high-stakes, dramatic flair to the dialogue.

뉴스데스크: "오늘 기상청은 기후 변화로 인한 생태계 멸종 보고서를 발표했습니다."

Translation: News Desk: "Today, the Meteorological Administration released a report on ecosystem extinction caused by climate change."

다큐멘터리: "이 새는 이제 지구상에서 완전히 멸종했습니다."

Translation: Documentary: "This bird has now gone completely extinct from the face of the Earth."

Beyond formal media, you might hear this word in political discussions regarding the 'low birth rate' in South Korea. Some extreme headlines or social commentaries use the phrase '인구 소멸' or even '국가 멸종' (national extinction) to hyperbolically describe the demographic crisis. While '멸종' is technically for biological species, using it for a nation or a culture emphasizes a catastrophic and irreversible end. This usage shows how the word's biological weight is borrowed to express severe social anxiety.

박물관 안내문: "멸종 위기 동물을 보호하는 것은 우리의 의무입니다."

Translation: Museum Sign: "It is our duty to protect endangered animals."

영화 대사: "이대로 가면 인류는 멸종을 피할 수 없을 거야."

Translation: Movie Line: "If things go on like this, humanity won't be able to avoid extinction."

학교 수업: "오늘은 과거의 대멸종 사건들에 대해 배워보겠습니다."

Translation: School Class: "Today, we will learn about mass extinction events of the past."

For English speakers learning Korean, the most common mistakes involving 멸종 often stem from confusing it with other words for 'death' or 'disappearance.' While 'extinction' in English is clearly defined, learners sometimes misapply the Korean word to individuals or inanimate objects. Remember, 멸종 is for *species* or *groups*, never for a single person or a single animal. You cannot say a person '멸종했다' when they die; that would imply their entire race or kind has vanished forever.

Confusion with '사망' (Death): 사망 (samang) is for the death of an individual. 멸종 is for the death of a species. Incorrect: '그 강아지가 멸종했어요' (That puppy went extinct). Correct: '그 강아지가 죽었어요' (That puppy died).
Confusion with '소멸' (Vanishing/Extinction of concepts): While 'extinction' can be used for languages in English, Korean often uses '소멸' (somyeol) for abstract things like languages, rights, or magic. However, '언어 멸종' is occasionally used, but '언어 소멸' is more standard.
Incorrect Verb Ending: Learners often forget to use '되다' (to become) and just say '멸종이다'. While '멸종이다' (it is extinction) is grammatically possible, '멸종되다' (to become extinct) is the active way to describe the process.

틀린 예: "어제 우리 집 고양이가 멸종했어요." (X)

Translation: Incorrect: "Yesterday, my house cat went extinct."

맞는 예: "어제 우리 집 고양이가 죽었어요." (O)

Translation: Correct: "Yesterday, my house cat died."

Another mistake is the confusion between 멸종 and 전멸 (jeonmyeol). While they look similar, 전멸 means 'total annihilation' or 'wiped out' in a specific context, like a military unit in battle. If a group of soldiers is wiped out, they are '전멸' (annihilated), but the human race is not '멸종' (extinct) because other humans still exist elsewhere. Using '멸종' in a battlefield context would sound very strange and overly dramatic, as if the soldiers were a separate biological species.

틀린 예: "그 군대는 전투에서 멸종당했습니다." (X)

Translation: Incorrect: "That army was made extinct in the battle."

맞는 예: "그 군대는 전투에서 전멸당했습니다." (O)

Translation: Correct: "That army was annihilated in the battle."

틀린 예: "공중전화가 이제 멸종했어요." (X)

Translation: Incorrect: "Payphones have gone extinct now." (Too metaphorical for standard Korean).

To truly master 멸종, it is helpful to compare it with its synonyms and related terms. Korean has a rich vocabulary for 'ending' and 'disappearing,' and choosing the right one depends on the context—whether it is biological, conceptual, or physical. Below are several words that share a similar semantic space but differ in nuance and register.

절멸 (Jeolmyeol) vs 멸종: 절멸 means 'extermination' or 'eradication.' It implies a more forceful or complete destruction. While 멸종 is the state of being gone, 절멸 focuses on the act of wiping something out entirely. You might '절멸시키다' (exterminate) a pest.
소멸 (Somyeol) vs 멸종: 소멸 means 'extinction' in a broader, often abstract sense. It is used for things like 'rights' (권리 소멸), 'evidence' (증거 소멸), or 'energy' (에너지 소멸). It sounds more technical and less biological than 멸종.
고갈 (Gogal) vs 멸종: 고갈 means 'depletion' or 'running dry.' It is used for resources like water, oil, or even 'ideas' and 'stamina.' You wouldn't say a species is '고갈,' but you might say the 'population' (개체수) is depleted.

그 해충을 절멸시키기 위해 강력한 약을 사용했다.

Translation: Strong medicine was used to exterminate those pests.

시간이 지나면 기억은 자연스럽게 소멸됩니다.

Translation: Over time, memories naturally fade away/vanish.

In more casual settings, Koreans might simply use '다 죽다' (all die) or '없어지다' (disappear). For example, '그 동물들 다 없어졌어' (Those animals are all gone). However, in any serious discussion about the environment or history, 멸종 remains the indispensable term. Another related term is '사멸' (samyeol), which is often used for the 'death' of cells or the 'extinction' of ancient languages, sitting somewhere between biological and conceptual usage.

석유 자원이 고갈될 위기에 처해 있습니다.

Translation: Oil resources are in danger of being depleted.

이 고대 언어는 수백 년 전에 사멸했습니다.

Translation: This ancient language died out hundreds of years ago.

그 종족은 전쟁으로 인해 완전히 멸절되었습니다.

Translation: That tribe was completely wiped out/destroyed due to the war.

How Formal Is It?

Curiosidade

The character 滅 (멸) is also found in the word '멸망' (myeolmang), which means the fall or ruin of a kingdom or empire. This shows the scale of destruction the character implies.

Guia de pronúncia

UK /mjʌl.dʑoŋ/

US /mjʌl.dʑoŋ/

The stress is equal on both syllables, as is typical in Korean, but the first syllable might feel slightly longer due to the 'l' sound.

Rima com

결정 (gyeoljeong - decision) 열정 (yeoljeong - passion) 교정 (gyojeong - correction) 표정 (pyojeong - expression) 부정 (bujeong - negative) 수정 (sujeong - modification) 과정 (gwajeong - process) 일정 (iljeong - schedule)

Erros comuns

Pronouncing 'myeol' as 'meol' (missing the 'y' sound).
Pronouncing 'jong' as 'jong-i' (adding an extra vowel).
Failing to pronounce the final 'l' in 'myeol' clearly.
Confusing the 'j' in 'jong' with a 'ch' sound.
Making the 'o' in 'jong' too short.

Nível de dificuldade

Leitura 3/5

Common in news and books, but requires knowledge of Hanja-based vocabulary.

Escrita 4/5

Requires correct usage of particles and the verb '되다'.

Expressão oral 3/5

Pronunciation of 'myeol' can be slightly tricky for beginners.

Audição 3/5

Clearly enunciated in news, but fast speech can blur the 'l' sound.

O que aprender depois

Pré-requisitos

동물 (animal) 죽다 (to die) 위기 (crisis) 환경 (environment) 종 (species)

Aprenda a seguir

생태계 (ecosystem) 다양성 (diversity) 보존 (preservation) 서식지 (habitat) 기후 변화 (climate change)

Avançado

유전학 (genetics) 진화론 (evolution theory) 생물권 (biosphere) 지속 가능성 (sustainability) 복원 생물학 (restoration biology)

Gramática essencial

-로 인해 (Due to)

환경 오염으로 인해 멸종이 일어납니다.

-에 처하다 (To be in a situation)

그 종은 멸종 위기에 처해 있습니다.

-시키다 (Causative)

인간은 자연을 파괴하여 동물을 멸종시켰습니다.

-지 않도록 (So that... not)

멸종되지 않도록 보호해야 합니다.

-ㄴ/은 것으로 간주되다 (To be considered as)

이 새는 멸종된 것으로 간주됩니다.

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Exemplos por nível

공룡은 멸종했어요.

Dinosaurs are extinct.

멸종했어요 is the past tense of 멸종하다.

이 새는 멸종됐나요?

Is this bird extinct?

-나요? is a polite questioning ending.

멸종은 슬퍼요.

Extinction is sad.

멸종 is the subject of the sentence.

도도새는 멸종했습니다.

The dodo bird went extinct.

-습니다 is a formal polite ending.

동물이 멸종하면 안 돼요.

Animals shouldn't go extinct.

-면 안 돼요 means 'should not'.

멸종 위기 동물을 봐요.

Look at the endangered animals.

멸종 위기 is used as an adjective here.

옛날에는 있었지만 지금은 멸종했어요.

They existed long ago, but now they are extinct.

-지만 means 'but'.

멸종은 무서운 말이에요.

Extinction is a scary word.

말이에요 means 'it is a word/saying'.

판다는 멸종 위기 동물입니다.

The panda is an endangered animal.

멸종 위기 동물 is a set phrase.

많은 동물이 멸종되고 있어요.

Many animals are going extinct.

-고 있어요 indicates a continuing action.

멸종을 막아야 합니다.

We must prevent extinction.

-아/어야 합니다 means 'must'.

호랑이가 멸종하면 어떡하죠?

What if tigers go extinct?

어떡하죠? means 'what should we do?'.

이곳에는 멸종된 동물이 많아요.

There are many extinct animals here.

멸종된 is the past participle form modifying 동물이.

멸종 위기종을 보호합시다.

Let's protect endangered species.

-읍시다 means 'let's'.

환경이 나빠지면 멸종이 일어나요.

If the environment gets worse, extinction happens.

-어/아지다 means 'to become'.

멸종에 대해 배우고 싶어요.

I want to learn about extinction.

-고 싶어요 means 'want to'.

기후 변화 때문에 많은 생물이 멸종 위기에 처했습니다.

Many living things are in danger of extinction due to climate change.

위기에 처하다 is a common expression meaning 'to be in a crisis'.

멸종된 동물을 다시 살릴 수 있을까요?

Can we bring extinct animals back to life?

-을 수 있을까요? expresses possibility and curiosity.

인간의 욕심이 동물을 멸종으로 몰아넣고 있습니다.

Human greed is driving animals toward extinction.

몰아넣다 means 'to drive into' or 'to push into'.

멸종 위기종 보호 구역을 지정해야 합니다.

We must designate protected areas for endangered species.

지정하다 means 'to designate'.

생태계가 파괴되면 결국 인간도 멸종할 것입니다.

If the ecosystem is destroyed, eventually humans will also go extinct.

-을 것입니다 indicates a future prediction.

그 새는 서식지 파괴로 인해 멸종되었습니다.

That bird became extinct due to habitat destruction.

-로 인해 means 'due to' or 'because of'.

과학자들은 멸종을 막기 위해 노력하고 있습니다.

Scientists are working hard to prevent extinction.

-기 위해 means 'in order to'.

멸종 위기 동물의 명단을 확인해 보세요.

Please check the list of endangered animals.

-어/아 보세요 means 'please try/check'.

무분별한 개발은 생물 종의 멸종을 가속화합니다.

Indiscriminate development accelerates the extinction of species.

가속화하다 means 'to accelerate'.

외래종의 유입이 토착종을 멸종시킬 수도 있습니다.

The influx of invasive species can cause native species to go extinct.

멸종시키다 is the causative form 'to make extinct'.

역사적으로 지구에는 여러 번의 대멸종이 있었습니다.

Historically, there have been several mass extinctions on Earth.

대멸종 refers to 'mass extinction'.

멸종 위기종의 복원 사업이 활발히 진행되고 있습니다.

Restoration projects for endangered species are actively underway.

활발히 means 'actively'.

환경 단체들은 멸종 방지를 위한 법안을 요구했습니다.

Environmental groups demanded legislation for the prevention of extinction.

방지 means 'prevention'.

생물 다양성이 낮아지면 멸종의 위험이 커집니다.

If biodiversity decreases, the risk of extinction increases.

생물 다양성 means 'biodiversity'.

그 식물은 이제 야생에서는 멸종된 것으로 간주됩니다.

That plant is now considered extinct in the wild.

-으로 간주되다 means 'to be considered as'.

멸종 위기에 처한 동물을 불법으로 매매해서는 안 됩니다.

It is forbidden to illegally trade endangered animals.

-해서는 안 됩니다 means 'must not'.

인류세(Anthropocene)의 도래와 함께 멸종 속도가 급격히 빨라졌습니다.

With the arrival of the Anthropocene, the rate of extinction has accelerated sharply.

도래 means 'arrival' or 'advent'.

특정 종의 멸종은 생태계의 연쇄적인 붕괴를 초래할 수 있습니다.

The extinction of a specific species can cause a chain reaction collapse of the ecosystem.

초래하다 means 'to cause' or 'to bring about' (usually negative).

유전적 다양성의 결여는 종을 멸종의 취약하게 만듭니다.

A lack of genetic diversity makes a species vulnerable to extinction.

취약하다 means 'vulnerable' or 'weak'.

멸종된 종을 복원하는 기술에 대한 윤리적 논쟁이 뜨겁습니다.

The ethical debate over technology to restore extinct species is heated.

논쟁이 뜨겁다 is an idiom meaning 'the debate is heated'.

기후 모델은 향후 수십 년 내에 수많은 종의 멸종을 예고하고 있습니다.

Climate models are predicting the extinction of numerous species within the next few decades.

예고하다 means 'to predict' or 'to give advance notice'.

정부는 멸종 위기 야생 생물 보호 및 관리에 관한 법률을 강화했습니다.

The government has strengthened the law concerning the protection and management of endangered wildlife.

-에 관한 means 'concerning' or 'about'.

서식지의 파편화는 멸종을 유도하는 주요 요인 중 하나입니다.

Habitat fragmentation is one of the major factors inducing extinction.

파편화 means 'fragmentation'.

우리는 멸종의 문턱에 서 있는 종들을 구하기 위해 즉각적인 조치를 취해야 합니다.

We must take immediate action to save species standing on the threshold of extinction.

문턱에 서다 is a metaphor for 'to be on the threshold/brink'.

현대 사회의 급격한 산업화는 지구 역사상 유례없는 대멸종의 전조를 보이고 있습니다.

The rapid industrialization of modern society is showing precursors to a mass extinction unprecedented in Earth's history.

유례없는 means 'unprecedented'.

멸종은 단순히 생물학적 소멸을 넘어, 지구 역사의 한 페이지가 영원히 닫히는 것을 의미합니다.

Extinction goes beyond mere biological disappearance; it means a page of Earth's history is closed forever.

-을 넘어 means 'beyond' or 'exceeding'.

생태적 지위(Ecological Niche)의 공백은 멸종 이후 생태계 재편의 과정을 복잡하게 만듭니다.

The vacancy of an ecological niche complicates the process of ecosystem reorganization after extinction.

재편 means 'reorganization' or 'restructuring'.

저출산으로 인한 '국가 멸종'이라는 극단적인 표현이 사회적 담론으로 부상하고 있습니다.

The extreme expression 'national extinction' due to low birth rates is emerging as a social discourse.

담론 means 'discourse'.

진화적 관점에서 볼 때, 멸종은 새로운 종의 탄생을 위한 필연적인 과정일 수도 있습니다.

From an evolutionary perspective, extinction may be an inevitable process for the birth of new species.

필연적인 means 'inevitable' or 'necessary'.

보전 생물학은 멸종의 기제를 규명하고 이를 저지하기 위한 다학제적 접근을 시도합니다.

Conservation biology attempts a multidisciplinary approach to clarify the mechanisms of extinction and thwart them.

다학제적 means 'multidisciplinary'.

기술의 발전이 멸종된 종의 게놈을 복원할 수 있을지는 몰라도, 그들이 살던 본래의 환경까지 되돌릴 수는 없습니다.

Technology might be able to restore the genome of an extinct species, but it cannot restore the original environment they lived in.

-을지는 몰라도 means 'might... but'.

인간의 간섭에 의한 멸종은 자연적인 도태와는 질적으로 다른 윤리적 책임을 수반합니다.

Extinction caused by human interference entails an ethical responsibility qualitatively different from natural selection.

수반하다 means 'to entail' or 'to accompany'.

Sinônimos

절멸 사멸 단절 소멸

Antônimos

생존 번식

Colocações comuns

멸종 위기

대멸종

멸종되다

멸종시키다

멸종 종

멸종 위기종

멸종 위험

멸종으로 몰아넣다

멸종을 막다

완전 멸종

Frases Comuns

멸종 위기 동물

— Endangered animal. Used to refer to animals at risk of disappearing.

판다는 대표적인 멸종 위기 동물입니다.

멸종 위기 야생 생물

— Endangered wildlife. A more formal/legal term used by the government.

정부는 멸종 위기 야생 생물을 보호하고 있습니다.

대멸종 사건

— Mass extinction event. Used in historical or scientific contexts.

공룡의 멸종은 가장 유명한 대멸종 사건 중 하나입니다.

멸종의 위협

— The threat of extinction. Used to describe the danger facing a species.

많은 식물이 멸종의 위협을 받고 있습니다.

멸종을 피하다

— To avoid extinction. Used when conservation efforts are successful.

그 종은 보호 노력 덕분에 멸종을 피할 수 있었습니다.

인류의 멸종

— Extinction of humanity. Used in sci-fi or climate crisis discussions.

핵전쟁은 인류의 멸종을 초래할 수 있습니다.

멸종 단계

— Extinction stage. Used to describe how close a species is to being gone.

이 동물은 현재 심각한 멸종 단계에 있습니다.

멸종 위기 등급

— Extinction risk grade/status. Used in biological classification.

이 새의 멸종 위기 등급이 상향 조정되었습니다.

멸종 원인

— Cause of extinction. Used when explaining why a species disappeared.

과학자들은 매머드의 멸종 원인을 조사하고 있습니다.

멸종 복원

— Extinction restoration (de-extinction). Bringing back extinct species.

멸종 복원 기술은 아직 초기 단계에 있습니다.

Frequentemente confundido com

멸종 vs 사망

사망 is for individuals; 멸종 is for species.

멸종 vs 전멸

전멸 is for a specific group (like a platoon) being wiped out; 멸종 is for the entire kind.

멸종 vs 소멸

소멸 is for abstract concepts or physical evidence; 멸종 is for biological life.

Expressões idiomáticas

"멸종 위기에 처하다"

— To be in danger of extinction. This is the most standard way to express 'endangered'.

북극곰은 기후 변화로 인해 멸종 위기에 처해 있습니다.

Neutral

"멸종의 길을 걷다"

— To walk the path of extinction. Used to describe a species heading toward its end.

많은 토착종들이 서식지 파괴로 멸종의 길을 걷고 있다.

Literary

"멸종으로 내몰리다"

— To be driven toward extinction. Emphasizes external pressure causing the extinction.

야생 동물들이 인간의 개발 때문에 멸종으로 내몰리고 있다.

Formal

"멸종의 문턱"

— The threshold of extinction. Being very close to disappearing.

그 희귀 식물은 지금 멸종의 문턱에 서 있습니다.

Literary

"씨가 마르다"

— To have the seeds dry up. A native Korean idiom meaning to go extinct or be wiped out.

남획으로 인해 이 근처 바다에는 물고기 씨가 말랐다.

Informal/Idiomatic

"자취를 감추다"

— To hide one's tracks/traces. Used when a species is no longer seen.

그 새는 수십 년 전부터 이 숲에서 자취를 감추었다.

Neutral/Literary

"역사 속으로 사라지다"

— To disappear into history. Used for both species and cultures.

수많은 생물들이 진화의 과정에서 역사 속으로 사라졌다.

Formal

"멸종 위기 1급"

— Endangered Level 1. A specific legal classification in Korea.

산양은 대한민국 멸종 위기 야생 생물 1급입니다.

Legal

"대멸종의 서막"

— The prelude to mass extinction. Used to warn of upcoming disaster.

일부 학자들은 현재를 제6차 대멸종의 서막이라고 부른다.

Academic

"멸종의 소용돌이"

— The vortex of extinction. A scientific term (extinction vortex) for factors leading to loss.

작은 인구 집단은 멸종의 소용돌이에 빠지기 쉽습니다.

Academic

Fácil de confundir

멸종 vs 절멸

Both mean extinction/destruction.

절멸 is more active and implies total eradication (like pests). 멸종 is the standard biological term for species loss.

그 종은 멸종했다 (Species is extinct). 해충을 절멸시키다 (Eradicate pests).

멸종 vs 사멸

Both refer to dying out.

사멸 is often used for cells, bacteria, or ancient languages. 멸종 is for animals and plants.

세포의 사멸 (Cell death). 공룡의 멸종 (Dinosaur extinction).

멸종 vs 멸망

Both imply a final end.

멸망 is for kingdoms, empires, or civilizations. 멸종 is for biological species.

로마 제국의 멸망 (Fall of Rome). 매머드의 멸종 (Mammoth extinction).

멸종 vs 고갈

Both mean something is running out.

고갈 is for resources (water, oil, money). 멸종 is for living things.

자원 고갈 (Resource depletion). 종의 멸종 (Species extinction).

멸종 vs 실종

Both mean 'missing' or 'gone'.

실종 means a person is missing but might be alive. 멸종 means the whole species is dead.

아이의 실종 (Missing child). 새의 멸종 (Extinction of a bird).

Padrões de frases

[Animal]은/는 멸종했어요.

공룡은 멸종했어요.

[Animal]은/는 멸종 위기 동물이에요.

판다는 멸종 위기 동물이에요.

[Cause] 때문에 멸종 위기에 처했습니다.

기후 변화 때문에 멸종 위기에 처했습니다.

[Action]은/는 멸종을 가속화합니다.

서식지 파괴는 멸종을 가속화합니다.

[Subject]은/는 멸종의 문턱에 서 있습니다.

그 희귀종은 멸종의 문턱에 서 있습니다.

[Concept]은/는 멸종과 다름없는 상태입니다.

이 문화는 현재 멸종과 다름없는 상태입니다.

멸종되지 않도록 [Action]해야 합니다.

멸종되지 않도록 보호 구역을 만들어야 합니다.

멸종된 것으로 알려진 [Subject]이/가 발견되었습니다.

멸종된 것으로 알려진 새가 발견되었습니다.

Família de palavras

Substantivos

멸종 (extinction)

멸종 위기 (danger of extinction)

대멸종 (mass extinction)

멸종종 (extinct species)

Verbos

멸종하다 (to go extinct)

멸종되다 (to become extinct)

멸종시키다 (to make extinct)

Adjetivos

멸종 위기의 (endangered)

멸종된 (extinct - past participle form)

Relacionado

생태계 (ecosystem)

종 (species)

보존 (preservation)

진화 (evolution)

생물 다양성 (biodiversity)

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Como usar

frequency

Common in educational, scientific, and environmental contexts. Rare in casual daily errands but frequent in media.

Erros comuns

Using 멸종 for a person's death. → 사망 (Samang) or 죽음 (Jugeum).
멸종 is only for entire species or groups. It sounds very weird to use it for an individual.
Confusing 멸종 with 실종 (missing). → 멸종 (Extinction) vs 실종 (Missing).
If an animal is missing, it's 실종. If the whole species is dead, it's 멸종.
Forgetting '되다' or '하다' after the noun. → 멸종됐다 or 멸종했다.
In Korean, you need a verb ending to say 'went extinct'. Just saying '공룡은 멸종' is incomplete.
Using 멸종 for things like phones or fashion. → 사라지다 (to disappear) or 유행이 지나다 (to be out of fashion).
While English uses 'extinct' metaphorically, Korean is much stricter and usually keeps it biological.
Confusing 멸종 with 전멸. → 멸종 (species) vs 전멸 (group/army).
If a unit in a game is wiped out, they are 전멸, not 멸종.

Dicas

Use with 위기

Always remember that '멸종 위기' is the standard phrase for 'endangered'. It's one of the most useful environmental phrases in Korean.

Noun + 되다

To turn 멸종 into a verb, simply add 되다 (to become). This is the most natural way to say a species went extinct.

Hanja Roots

Learning the root '멸' (perish) will help you understand other words like '멸망' (ruin) and '멸균' (sterilization).

Environmental Context

If you are taking the TOPIK exam, expect to see this word in reading sections about the environment or social issues.

Clear Enunciation

Make sure to pronounce the 'y' sound in 'myeol' clearly. If you say 'meol', it might be confused with other words.

Visual Cues

Associate 멸종 with a museum or a dinosaur skeleton to lock the meaning in your long-term memory.

Formal Register

In formal writing, use '멸종 위기에 직면하다' (to face the danger of extinction) for a more sophisticated tone.

News Keywords

When listening to Korean news, '멸종' is a key marker that the topic is about the environment or biology.

Myeoljong vs. Jeonmyeol

Remember: 멸종 = species gone forever; 전멸 = a specific group wiped out in one place.

National Symbol

Think of the Siberian tiger when learning this word to understand its emotional weight in Korea.

Memorize

Mnemônico

Think of 'Myeol' as 'Meltdown' and 'Jong' as 'Genus' (Species). A 'Meltdown of a Genus' is extinction!

Associação visual

Imagine a giant 'X' over a picture of a dinosaur. Underneath, write '멸종'. The 'X' looks like the 'ㄹ' in '멸'.

Word Web

멸종 (Center) 공룡 (Dinosaur) 위기 (Crisis) 보호 (Protection) 환경 (Environment) 동물 (Animal) 사라지다 (Disappear) 영원히 (Forever)

Desafio

Try to find three animals in a news article that are '멸종 위기' and write their names in Korean next to the word '멸종'.

Origem da palavra

The word 멸종 is composed of two Hanja (Chinese characters): 滅 (멸) and 種 (종). The character 滅 (멸) means 'to perish,' 'to destroy,' or 'to extinguish.' The character 種 (종) means 'species,' 'kind,' or 'seed.' Together, they literally mean 'the perishing of a species.'

Significado original: The original Hanja combination refers to the complete end of a lineage or a specific type of living thing.

Sino-Korean (Hanja-derived vocabulary).

Contexto cultural

When using '멸종' in a metaphorical sense for humans or nations, be aware it can sound very alarmist or politically charged.

English speakers might use 'extinct' more casually (e.g., 'that fashion is extinct'), but in Korean, '멸종' is almost strictly biological or very serious.

The 'Dooly the Little Dinosaur' (아기공룡 둘리) cartoon, which implicitly deals with the fact that Dooly's kind is extinct. The 'Endangered Wildlife Protection Act' in Korea. Various 'Tears of the Earth' (지구의 눈물) documentaries by MBC.

Pratique na vida real

Contextos reais

Environmental News

멸종 위기종 지정
서식지 파괴
기후 위기
생태계 보호

History/Paleontology

선사 시대
공룡 멸종
빙하기
화석 기록

School/Education

과학 수업
생물 분류
자연 보호
환경 교육

Documentaries

희귀 동물
마지막 개체
야생의 삶
보존 노력

Demographics (Metaphorical)

인구 감소
저출산 문제
지방 소멸
국가적 위기

Iniciadores de conversa

"멸종 위기에 처한 동물 중에서 어떤 동물을 가장 좋아하세요?"

"공룡이 멸종하지 않았다면 지금 세상은 어땠을까요?"

"멸종된 동물을 과학 기술로 복원하는 것에 대해 어떻게 생각하세요?"

"우리 주변에서 멸종 위기에 처한 식물을 본 적이 있나요?"

"멸종을 막기 위해 우리가 일상생활에서 할 수 있는 일은 무엇일까요?"

Temas para diário

오늘 뉴스에서 본 멸종 위기 동물에 대해 자신의 생각을 써 보세요.

만약 당신이 멸종 위기 동물을 구할 수 있는 능력이 있다면 어떤 동물을 구하고 싶나요?

환경 오염과 멸종의 관계에 대해 설명하는 글을 써 보세요.

인류가 멸종하지 않기 위해 가장 시급하게 해결해야 할 문제는 무엇이라고 생각합니까?

박물관에서 멸종된 동물의 화석을 본 느낌을 기록해 보세요.

Perguntas frequentes

10 perguntas

While '언어 멸종' (language extinction) is sometimes used, the more standard and academic term is '언어 사멸' or '언어 소멸'. Use '멸종' primarily for biological species.

멸종하다 is 'to go extinct' (active), while 멸종되다 is 'to become extinct' (passive). Both are common, but 멸종되다 is often used to emphasize the result of external factors like climate change.

The most common way is '멸종 위기' (myeoljong wigi). For example, '멸종 위기 동물' means 'endangered animal'.

Only in a very broad, biological sense (the human race) or metaphorically for a type of person (e.g., 'gentlemen are going extinct'). Never use it for an individual's death.

대 (dae) means 'big' or 'great'. So, 대멸종 means 'mass extinction,' like the event that killed the dinosaurs.

Yes, 멸종 is used for both animals and plants. '멸종 위기 식물' refers to endangered plants.

Yes, it is very common in news, documentaries, and science textbooks. Every Korean student knows this word.

There isn't one perfect opposite, but '번성' (flourishing) or '생존' (survival) are often used in contrast.

Not usually. '절멸' or '박멸' are better words for 'eradication' or 'extermination' of something unwanted like pests or diseases.

It's a light 'l' sound where the tongue touches the roof of the mouth behind the teeth, similar to the 'l' in 'leaf' but shorter.

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