A2 Tense & Aspect 1 min read Fácil

Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds

Use 'akan' before a verb to indicate that an action will happen in the future.

  • Place 'akan' before the main verb: Saya akan pergi (I will go).
  • It does not change regardless of the subject (no conjugation): Dia akan makan (He will eat).
  • For negatives, place 'tidak' before 'akan': Saya tidak akan pergi (I will not go).
Subject + akan + Verb

Meanings

The particle 'akan' is used to signal that an action or state is expected to occur in the future.

1

Future Prediction

Indicates an event that will happen later.

“Dia akan datang nanti.”

“Hujan akan turun petang ini.”

2

Intentional Future

Indicates a plan or intention.

“Saya akan belajar bahasa Melayu.”

“Mereka akan membeli rumah itu.”

Future Tense Structure

Type Structure Example
Affirmative Subject + akan + Verb Saya akan pergi
Negative Subject + tidak akan + Verb Saya tidak akan pergi
Interrogative Adakah + Subject + akan + Verb? Adakah awak akan pergi?
Short Answer (Yes) Ya, [Subject] akan. Ya, saya akan.
Short Answer (No) Tidak, [Subject] tidak akan. Tidak, saya tidak akan.

Reference Table

Reference table for Future Action: Akan
Form Structure Example
Affirmative S + akan + V Dia akan makan
Negative S + tidak akan + V Dia tidak akan makan
Question Adakah + S + akan + V? Adakah dia akan makan?
Future Continuous S + akan + sedang + V Dia akan sedang makan
Future Perfect S + akan + telah + V Dia akan telah makan

Espectro de formalidade

Formal
Saya akan pergi ke kedai.

Saya akan pergi ke kedai. (Daily life)

Neutro
Saya akan ke kedai.

Saya akan ke kedai. (Daily life)

Informal
Aku nak pergi kedai.

Aku nak pergi kedai. (Daily life)

Gíria
Gue mau ke kedai.

Gue mau ke kedai. (Daily life)

Future Tense Logic

Akan

Usage

  • Prediction Future event
  • Intent Plan

Negation

  • Tidak akan Will not

Examples by Level

1

Saya akan pergi.

I will go.

2

Dia akan datang.

He will come.

3

Kami akan makan.

We will eat.

4

Mereka akan tidur.

They will sleep.

1

Saya tidak akan pergi esok.

I will not go tomorrow.

2

Adakah awak akan membantu saya?

Will you help me?

3

Dia akan membeli buku itu.

He will buy that book.

4

Kita akan berjumpa nanti.

We will meet later.

1

Pihak pengurusan akan mengumumkan keputusan itu.

The management will announce the decision.

2

Saya tidak akan membiarkan perkara ini berlaku lagi.

I will not let this happen again.

3

Adakah anda akan menghadiri mesyuarat tersebut?

Will you attend the meeting?

4

Mereka akan memastikan semuanya berjalan lancar.

They will ensure everything goes smoothly.

1

Projek ini akan disiapkan menjelang akhir bulan.

This project will be completed by the end of the month.

2

Walaupun sukar, saya akan terus berusaha.

Although it is difficult, I will continue to try.

3

Beliau akan dijemput untuk memberikan ucapan.

He will be invited to give a speech.

4

Tiada siapa yang akan menyangka perkara ini terjadi.

No one would have expected this to happen.

1

Akan tiba masanya kita perlu membuat keputusan besar.

The time will come when we need to make a big decision.

2

Segala usaha anda akan membuahkan hasil yang lumayan.

All your efforts will yield fruitful results.

3

Dia akan sentiasa dikenang sebagai wira negara.

He will always be remembered as a national hero.

4

Perubahan ini akan membawa impak yang besar kepada ekonomi.

This change will bring a major impact to the economy.

1

Akan tetapi, kita harus mempertimbangkan kesan jangka panjangnya.

However, we must consider the long-term effects.

2

Kebenaran itu akan terserlah jua akhirnya.

The truth will eventually be revealed.

3

Tiada satu pun yang akan terlepas daripada pemerhatian kami.

Not one thing will escape our observation.

4

Beliau akan terus berkhidmat demi kesejahteraan rakyat.

He will continue to serve for the well-being of the people.

Easily Confused

Future Action: Akan vs Akan vs Nanti

Both refer to the future, but 'akan' is a grammatical marker while 'nanti' is an adverb.

Future Action: Akan vs Akan vs Bakal

Both imply future, but 'bakal' implies destiny or a future state.

Future Action: Akan vs Akan vs Mau/Nak

Both can mean 'will' or 'want to'.

Erros comuns

Saya makan akan

Saya akan makan

Akan must come before the verb.

Saya akan makan-kan

Saya akan makan

Do not conjugate the verb.

Saya akan pergi esok hari

Saya akan pergi esok

Redundant word usage.

Dia akan perginya

Dia akan pergi

Unnecessary suffix.

Saya tidak makan akan

Saya tidak akan makan

Negative structure is 'tidak akan'.

Akan saya pergi

Saya akan pergi

Subject usually comes first.

Adakah akan saya pergi?

Adakah saya akan pergi?

Word order in questions.

Saya bakal pergi

Saya akan pergi

Bakal implies destiny/about to, not simple future.

Saya akan pergi nanti

Saya akan pergi

Redundant future markers.

Akan tetapi saya pergi

Tetapi saya akan pergi

Akan tetapi is a conjunction, not a future marker.

Dia akan telah pergi

Dia akan sudah pergi

Future perfect uses 'sudah' or 'telah'.

Akan dia pergi?

Adakah dia akan pergi?

Missing question marker.

Saya akan sedang makan

Saya akan makan

Future continuous is rarely used in simple contexts.

Sentence Patterns

Saya akan ___ esok.

Adakah anda akan ___?

Dia tidak akan ___ kerana ___.

Kami akan ___ jika ___.

Real World Usage

Texting very common

Saya akan sampai nanti.

Job Interview common

Saya akan memberi komitmen penuh.

Travel common

Kami akan melawat muzium esok.

Food Delivery common

Saya akan menunggu pesanan saya.

Social Media common

Saya akan berkongsi gambar nanti.

News Report constant

Kerajaan akan mengumumkan dasar baru.

💡

Keep it simple

Don't worry about verb forms. Just add 'akan'.
⚠️

Don't conjugate

Malay verbs are static. Never add endings to them.
🎯

Use 'tidak akan' for negatives

It is the only way to negate future actions.
💬

Spoken vs Written

In casual speech, you can drop 'akan' if the time is clear.

Smart Tips

Always put 'akan' before the verb.

Saya pergi esok. Saya akan pergi esok.

Use 'tidak akan' before the verb.

Saya akan tidak pergi. Saya tidak akan pergi.

Always include 'akan' for clarity.

Kami datang esok. Kami akan datang esok.

Use 'akan' if it hasn't happened yet.

Saya makan. Saya akan makan.

Pronúncia

/aˈkan/

Akan

Pronounced as 'ah-kahn'. Stress the second syllable.

Statement

Saya akan pergi ↘

Falling intonation for facts.

Question

Adakah awak akan pergi? ↗

Rising intonation for questions.

Memorize It

Mnemonic

Akan is like an 'A-Can' of soda you will open later.

Visual Association

Imagine a calendar on the wall. Every time you see a future date, imagine a big, bright 'AKAN' stamp on it.

Rhyme

For the future, don't be slack, just put 'akan' on the track.

Story

Budi is planning his day. He says, 'Saya akan bangun pagi' (I will wake up early). Then he says, 'Saya akan minum kopi' (I will drink coffee). Finally, 'Saya akan pergi kerja' (I will go to work).

Word Web

akannantiesoklusabakaltidak

Desafio

Write 5 sentences about what you will do tomorrow using 'akan'.

Notas culturais

Akan is used in formal and written Malay. In casual speech, people often drop it.

Akan is used, but 'akan' is often replaced by 'akan' or 'mau' in casual speech.

Similar to Malaysia, formal usage is preferred in professional settings.

Akan originated as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'for'.

Conversation Starters

Apa yang awak akan buat esok?

Adakah anda akan bercuti tahun ini?

Bagaimana anda akan menyelesaikan masalah ini?

Adakah anda fikir teknologi akan mengubah dunia?

Journal Prompts

Tulis tentang rancangan anda untuk hujung minggu.
Apakah impian anda untuk masa depan?
Bagaimana anda akan memperbaiki kemahiran bahasa anda?
Ramalkan masa depan bandar anda dalam 10 tahun.

Test Yourself

Fill in the blank with 'akan'.

Saya ___ pergi ke sekolah.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: akan
Akan is the future marker.
Choose the correct negative form. Múltipla escolha

Dia ___ makan.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: tidak akan
Negative future is 'tidak akan'.
Correct the sentence. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

Saya makan akan esok.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Saya akan makan esok
Akan must be before the verb.
Reorder the words. Sentence Reorder

Arrange the words in the correct order:

All words placed

Click words above to build the sentence

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Dia akan datang nanti
Subject + akan + Verb.
Translate to Malay. Tradução

I will study.

Answer starts with: Say...

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Saya akan belajar
Correct future structure.
Match the English to Malay. Match Pairs

Match each item on the left with its pair on the right:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Dia akan tidur
Akan indicates future.
Build a future sentence. Sentence Building

Use 'kami' and 'pergi'.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Kami akan pergi
Correct structure.
Select the correct question form. Múltipla escolha

___ awak akan datang?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Adakah
Adakah is used for yes/no questions.

Score: /8

Exercicios praticos

8 exercises
Fill in the blank with 'akan'.

Saya ___ pergi ke sekolah.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: akan
Akan is the future marker.
Choose the correct negative form. Múltipla escolha

Dia ___ makan.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: tidak akan
Negative future is 'tidak akan'.
Correct the sentence. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

Saya makan akan esok.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Saya akan makan esok
Akan must be before the verb.
Reorder the words. Sentence Reorder

akan / dia / datang / nanti

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Dia akan datang nanti
Subject + akan + Verb.
Translate to Malay. Tradução

I will study.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Saya akan belajar
Correct future structure.
Match the English to Malay. Match Pairs

He will sleep.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Dia akan tidur
Akan indicates future.
Build a future sentence. Sentence Building

Use 'kami' and 'pergi'.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Kami akan pergi
Correct structure.
Select the correct question form. Múltipla escolha

___ awak akan datang?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Adakah
Adakah is used for yes/no questions.

Score: /8

Perguntas frequentes (8)

No, 'akan' is invariant.

No, 'akan' is strictly for the future.

It is standard, but can be omitted in casual speech.

'Akan' is a marker, 'nanti' is an adverb.

Add 'Adakah' at the beginning.

Yes, for future continuous actions.

It is neutral, but essential for formal writing.

'Bakal' implies destiny or a future state.

In Other Languages

English high

will

English verbs conjugate; Malay verbs do not.

Spanish moderate

ir a + infinitive

Spanish requires conjugation of 'ir'.

French low

futur simple

French changes the verb form entirely.

Japanese partial

tsumori

Japanese is agglutinative.

Arabic moderate

sa- prefix

Malay uses a separate word.

Chinese high

hui

Chinese has aspect markers that differ from Malay.

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