желание em 30 segundos
- Noun: desire, wish, want.
- Expresses a strong feeling of wanting something.
- Used for personal aspirations, wishes, and strong wants.
- Related to the verb 'желать' (to wish).
- Core Meaning
- The Russian word 'желание' (zhelaniye) fundamentally means 'desire,' 'wish,' or 'want.' It refers to a strong feeling of wanting something to happen or to have something. It can range from a simple preference to a deep longing.
- Contextual Usage
- 'Желание' is a versatile word used in many everyday situations. You might express a personal wish for the future, a desire for a specific object, or even a feeling of longing for something abstract. It can be used in both personal and more formal contexts, though its intensity can vary. For instance, a child might have a 'желание' for candy, while an adult might have a 'желание' for career advancement or world peace. The word often implies a positive aspiration or a hope for something to come true. It can also refer to a wish made, such as on a birthday candle or a shooting star. When talking about wanting something, 'желание' is the go-to noun. It's important to note that it's a feminine noun, ending in '-ие,' which is common for abstract nouns derived from verbs. The verb form is 'желать' (zhelat'), meaning 'to wish' or 'to desire.' So, 'желание' is the noun form of that action or feeling.
- Nuance and Intensity
- The intensity of 'желание' can be modified by adjectives. For example, 'сильное желание' means 'strong desire,' while 'маленькое желание' could mean 'small wish.' It can also be used to express a more fleeting want or a deep-seated aspiration. Understanding the context and any accompanying adjectives will help you gauge the exact meaning. It's a fundamental word for expressing what you want in life, from the mundane to the profound. Consider the difference between wanting a cup of coffee ('желание выпить кофе') and a profound desire for happiness ('глубокое желание счастья'). The word itself carries the weight of that feeling.
У меня есть большое желание увидеть море.
Исполнилось моё самое заветное желание.
Это не просто желание, это необходимость.
- Expressing Personal Wants
- You can use 'желание' to talk about your own personal desires. For example, 'Моё главное желание - это путешествовать по миру.' (My main desire is to travel the world.) Here, 'желание' is the subject of the sentence, representing the 'what' of your main goal. Another example is 'У него появилось желание учить русский язык.' (He got a desire to learn Russian.) In this case, 'желание' is the object of the verb 'появилось' (appeared), indicating the emergence of this feeling.
- Describing Wishes
- 'Желание' is perfect for talking about wishes, especially those that might come true. Consider 'На день рождения я загадал одно желание.' (For my birthday, I made one wish.) Here, 'желание' is the object of the verb 'загадал' (made/wished). It's also used when talking about fulfilling wishes: 'Я надеюсь, что твоё желание исполнится.' (I hope that your wish comes true.) The verb 'исполниться' (to come true) is often paired with 'желание'.
- Expressing Strong Wants
- To emphasize the strength of a desire, you can use adjectives like 'сильное' (strong) or 'огромное' (huge). For instance, 'Я испытываю сильное желание помочь.' (I feel a strong desire to help.) The phrase 'испытывать желание' (to feel a desire) is common. You might also hear 'У меня огромное желание получить эту работу.' (I have a huge desire to get this job.) This shows how 'желание' can express a very powerful aspiration.
- In More Abstract Contexts
- 'Желание' isn't limited to material things. It can also refer to abstract concepts. For example, 'Его единственное желание - это мир во всём мире.' (His only desire is peace in the whole world.) This demonstrates its use for noble or profound aspirations. It can also be used in a more general sense, like 'Общественное желание перемен было велико.' (The public desire for change was great.)
Моё главное желание - чтобы все были счастливы.
Он выразил своё желание учиться за границей.
Это было его сокровенное желание.
- Everyday Conversations
- You'll hear 'желание' frequently in casual chats between friends and family. Someone might say, 'У меня появилось желание съесть пиццу.' (I got a desire to eat pizza.) or 'Какое твоё главное желание сейчас?' (What's your main desire right now?) It's a natural way to express what you're thinking of doing or wanting.
- In Media and Literature
- 'Желание' is a common word in Russian books, movies, and songs. It's often used to describe characters' motivations, dreams, or even their inner turmoil. For example, a character might have a 'тайное желание' (secret desire) or a 'непреодолимое желание' (irresistible desire). The word adds emotional depth to narratives.
- Formal Settings
- While often used informally, 'желание' can also appear in more formal contexts, such as official documents or public speeches, though perhaps with more specific adjectives. For instance, 'Правительство учло пожелания граждан.' (The government took into account the wishes of the citizens.) Note the plural form 'пожелания' (wishes), which is often used in this context to sound more polite and encompassing.
- At Special Occasions
- During celebrations like birthdays or New Year's, people often talk about making wishes. You might hear, 'Загадай желание!' (Make a wish!) or 'Пусть все твои желания сбудутся!' (May all your wishes come true!). This is a very common and positive usage of the word.
На Новый год у меня всегда есть желание начать всё с чистого листа.
В книге герой боролся со своим тёмным желанием.
Президент обещал учесть желания народа.
- Confusing with 'хотеть' (to want)
- Learners sometimes overuse the verb 'хотеть' when the noun 'желание' would be more appropriate, or vice versa. For example, instead of saying 'У меня есть желание купить машину' (I have a desire to buy a car), they might say 'Я хочу купить машину' (I want to buy a car). While both are grammatically correct, 'желание' emphasizes the feeling of wanting, whereas 'хочу' is a more direct statement of intention. 'Желание' is a noun, representing the feeling itself, while 'хотеть' is the verb, expressing the act of wanting.
- Incorrect Case Usage
- As a feminine noun ending in '-ие', 'желание' declines according to Russian grammar rules. A common mistake is to not change the ending when it's in a different case. For instance, when used with prepositions like 'без' (without), it should be in the genitive case: 'без желания' (without desire). Incorrectly saying 'без желание' is a grammatical error. Similarly, in the dative case, it becomes 'желанию', as in 'вопреки моему желанию' (against my desire).
- Overusing 'желание' for simple preferences
- While 'желание' means 'desire' or 'wish,' it often implies a stronger feeling than a simple preference or liking. For minor things, like wanting a cup of tea, a native speaker might just use 'хочу чай' (I want tea). Using 'желание' for such minor wants can sound a bit too dramatic or formal. It's better reserved for stronger feelings or more significant aspirations.
- Confusing with 'пожелание' (wish, often a polite request)
- 'Пожелание' (pozhelaniye) is a related word, often used for polite wishes or requests, especially when addressing someone else. For example, 'Примите мои наилучшие пожелания!' (Accept my best wishes!). While 'желание' is about one's own desire, 'пожелание' is often an expression of good will or a specific request made to someone. Confusing these can lead to awkward phrasing, such as using 'пожелание' when talking about your own internal strong desire.
Неправильно: Я хочу желание поехать домой. Правильно: Я хочу поехать домой. (Or: У меня есть желание поехать домой.)
Неправильно: Без желание. Правильно: Без желания.
- 'Хотеть' (verb) vs. 'Желание' (noun)
- The verb 'хотеть' (khatet') means 'to want' and is very common for expressing desires. 'Я хочу пить' (I want to drink). 'Желание' is the noun form, representing the 'want' or 'desire' itself. So, 'У меня есть желание пить' (I have a desire to drink) is grammatically correct but sounds more formal or emphasizes the feeling of thirst more strongly than simply 'Я хочу пить'. 'Хотеть' is more direct and frequent for everyday wants.
- 'Мечта' (dream) vs. 'Желание' (desire)
- 'Мечта' (mechta) means 'dream.' While both express aspirations, 'мечта' usually refers to a more significant, often long-term, or even seemingly unattainable goal. It's a hope or an ideal. 'Желание' can be more immediate or a specific want. For example, 'Моя мечта - стать космонавтом' (My dream is to become an astronaut). 'Моё желание - съесть мороженое' (My desire is to eat ice cream). A dream is often a collection of desires or a grand aspiration.
- 'Стремление' (aspiration, striving) vs. 'Желание' (desire)
- 'Стремление' (stremlyeniye) means 'aspiration,' 'striving,' or 'endeavor.' It implies active effort and a drive towards achieving a goal. 'Желание' is more about the feeling of wanting. You can have a 'желание' to do something, but 'стремление' suggests you are actively working towards it. 'У меня есть стремление к знаниям' (I have an aspiration for knowledge). This implies a continuous effort, not just a passive wish.
- 'Потребность' (need) vs. 'Желание' (desire)
- 'Потребность' (potrebnost') means 'need.' This is a more fundamental requirement for survival or well-being, like food, water, or shelter. 'Желание' is something you want, but don't necessarily need. 'Потребность в воде' (need for water) is essential. 'Желание купить новую машину' (desire to buy a new car) is a want, not a need.
- 'Страсть' (passion) vs. 'Желание' (desire)
- 'Страсть' (strast') means 'passion.' This is a much stronger, often all-consuming emotion or intense liking for something or someone. While a strong 'желание' can be a part of passion, 'страсть' implies a deeper, more fervent feeling. 'У него страсть к музыке' (He has a passion for music). This is more than just a desire; it's a deep-seated love and drive.
Сравнение: Я хочу мороженое. (I want ice cream - direct.) vs. У меня есть желание съесть мороженое. (I have a desire to eat ice cream - emphasizes the feeling.)
Сравнение: Моя мечта - увидеть северное сияние. (My dream - see aurora borealis - grand aspiration.) vs. Моё желание - выпить горячий чай. (My desire - drink hot tea - immediate want.)
Curiosidade
The Proto-Slavic root '*želěti' is related to words in other Slavic languages like Polish 'żal' (sorrow, regret, but also desire in older contexts) and Czech 'želati' (to wish, to desire). It's also distantly related to English words like 'yearn.'
Guia de pronúncia
- Mispronouncing the initial 'ж' (zh) sound, often substituting it with 'з' (z) or 'ш' (sh).
- Incorrect stress placement, such as stressing the first syllable.
- Not softening the final 'е' (ye) sound, making it sound too hard.
Exemplos por nível
Я хочу игрушку.
I want a toy.
Using 'хочу' (I want) for a simple desire.
Это моё желание.
This is my wish.
Simple statement of ownership of a wish.
Я хочу есть.
I want to eat.
Basic expression of a physical need/want.
Я хочу пить.
I want to drink.
Basic expression of a physical need/want.
Хочу домой.
I want to go home.
Simple statement of wanting to be somewhere.
Я хочу спать.
I want to sleep.
Basic expression of a physical need/want.
Это моё желание.
This is my wish.
Possessive form of 'wish'.
Я хочу играть.
I want to play.
Expressing a desire for an activity.
У меня есть большое желание увидеть море.
I have a big desire to see the sea.
'Большое желание' (big desire) adds intensity. 'Увидеть' is the infinitive verb.
Это моё самое главное желание.
This is my most important desire.
'Самое главное' (most important) emphasizes the significance of the desire.
Он выразил своё желание поехать в Италию.
He expressed his desire to travel to Italy.
'Выразил' (expressed) followed by 'своё желание' (his desire).
У неё появилось желание учить русский язык.
She got a desire to learn Russian.
'Появилось желание' (a desire appeared) indicates the emergence of a feeling.
Моё единственное желание - это мир.
My only desire is peace.
'Единственное желание' (only desire) highlights exclusivity.
Я чувствую сильное желание помочь.
I feel a strong desire to help.
'Чувствую сильное желание' (feel a strong desire) expresses an emotion.
Это не просто желание, это необходимость.
This is not just a desire, it's a necessity.
Contrasting 'желание' with 'необходимость' (necessity).
Исполнилось моё самое заветное желание.
My most cherished desire came true.
'Заветное желание' (cherished desire) and 'исполнилось' (came true).
В глубине души у него было одно тайное желание.
Deep down, he had one secret desire.
'В глубине души' (deep down) and 'тайное желание' (secret desire) add depth.
Общественное желание перемен было ощутимым.
The public desire for change was palpable.
'Общественное желание' (public desire) and 'ощутимым' (palpable).
Несмотря на трудности, его желание добиться успеха оставалось непоколебимым.
Despite the difficulties, his desire to achieve success remained unshakable.
'Желание добиться успеха' (desire to achieve success) and 'непоколебимым' (unshakable).
Её желание помочь нуждающимся было искренним.
Her desire to help those in need was sincere.
'Желание помочь нуждающимся' (desire to help those in need) and 'искренним' (sincere).
Он боролся со своим непреодолимым желанием вернуться.
He fought against his irresistible desire to return.
'Непреодолимым желанием' (irresistible desire).
Наступил момент, когда его желание высказаться стало невыносимым.
The moment came when his desire to speak out became unbearable.
'Желание высказаться' (desire to speak out) and 'невыносимым' (unbearable).
Иногда самое простое желание может принести наибольшее счастье.
Sometimes the simplest desire can bring the greatest happiness.
Contrasting simple desire with great happiness.
В его глазах читалось глубокое желание изменить мир.
In his eyes, a deep desire to change the world could be read.
'Глубокое желание' (deep desire) and 'читалось' (could be read).
Их совместное желание основать собственный бизнес было движущей силой.
Their joint desire to establish their own business was the driving force.
'Совместное желание' (joint desire) and 'движущей силой' (driving force).
Преодолев сомнения, он наконец смог озвучить своё истинное желание.
Having overcome doubts, he was finally able to voice his true desire.
'Истинное желание' (true desire) and 'озвучить' (to voice).
Философы часто размышляют о природе человеческого желания.
Philosophers often reflect on the nature of human desire.
'Природа человеческого желания' (nature of human desire) - abstract concept.
Подавление желания может привести к внутреннему конфликту.
Suppressing desire can lead to inner conflict.
'Подавление желания' (suppressing desire) and 'внутреннему конфликту' (inner conflict).
Её стремление к самосовершенствованию подкреплялось неугасимым желанием учиться.
Her aspiration for self-improvement was reinforced by an unquenchable desire to learn.
'Неугасимым желанием' (unquenchable desire) linked with aspiration.
Иногда самое искреннее желание исходит из самых неожиданных источников.
Sometimes the most sincere desire comes from the most unexpected sources.
'Искреннее желание' (sincere desire) and 'неожиданных источников' (unexpected sources).
Он почувствовал, как его желание мести угасает с каждым днём.
He felt his desire for revenge fading with each passing day.
'Желание мести' (desire for revenge) and 'угасает' (fades).
В эпоху цифровых технологий, желание мгновенного удовлетворения становится нормой.
In the digital age, the desire for instant gratification is becoming the norm.
'Желание мгновенного удовлетворения' (desire for instant gratification).
Его амбициозное желание изменить парадигму отрасли встретило сопротивление.
His ambitious desire to change the industry's paradigm met with resistance.
'Амбициозное желание' (ambitious desire) and 'изменить парадигму' (change the paradigm).
Философский трактат исследовал эмерджентную природу человеческого желания.
The philosophical treatise explored the emergent nature of human desire.
'Эмерджентная природа' (emergent nature) of desire.
Она чувствовала почти экзистенциальное желание найти своё место в мире.
She felt an almost existential desire to find her place in the world.
'Экзистенциальное желание' (existential desire).
В его творчестве прослеживается неутолимое желание постичь смысл бытия.
In his work, an insatiable desire to comprehend the meaning of existence can be traced.
'Неутолимое желание' (insatiable desire) and 'постичь смысл бытия' (comprehend the meaning of existence).
Культурные нормы часто формируют и канализируют наши самые глубинные желания.
Cultural norms often shape and channel our deepest desires.
'Глубинные желания' (deepest desires) and 'канализируют' (channel).
Политические деятели часто апеллируют к коллективному желанию стабильности и процветания.
Politicians often appeal to the collective desire for stability and prosperity.
'Коллективное желание' (collective desire) and 'апеллируют' (appeal).
Его одержимость идеей была продиктована не просто желанием, а навязчивой потребностью.
His obsession with the idea was dictated not just by desire, but by a compulsive need.
Distinguishing 'желание' from 'навязчивой потребностью' (compulsive need).
Искушение часто возникает из-за неудовлетворённого желания.
Temptation often arises from an unsatisfied desire.
'Неудовлетворённого желания' (unsatisfied desire) leading to temptation.
Его неустанное стремление к познанию было проявлением имманентного желания постичь абсолютную истину.
His relentless pursuit of knowledge was a manifestation of an immanent desire to grasp absolute truth.
'Имманентное желание' (immanent desire) and 'постичь абсолютную истину' (grasp absolute truth).
Экзистенциальная тоска часто маскируется под банальное желание материальных благ.
Existential angst often masquerades as a banal desire for material possessions.
'Экзистенциальная тоска' (existential angst) vs. 'банальное желание' (banal desire).
Общественный договор является попыткой гармонизировать индивидуальные желания с коллективным благом.
The social contract is an attempt to harmonize individual desires with the collective good.
'Индивидуальные желания' (individual desires) and 'коллективное благо' (collective good).
В эпоху постмодерна, само желание становится объектом рефлексии и деконструкции.
In the postmodern era, desire itself becomes an object of reflection and deconstruction.
'Само желание' (desire itself) as an object of 'рефлексии' (reflection) and 'деконструкции' (deconstruction).
Его неистребимое желание свободы пересиливало все страхи и опасения.
His inextinguishable desire for freedom overpowered all fears and anxieties.
'Неистребимое желание' (inextinguishable desire) and 'пересиливало' (overpowered).
Антропологи исследуют, как культурные нарративы формируют и легитимизируют определённые желания.
Anthropologists investigate how cultural narratives shape and legitimize certain desires.
'Легитимизируют' (legitimize) desires through 'культурные нарративы' (cultural narratives).
Иррациональное желание обладать недостижимым часто приводит к фрустрации.
The irrational desire to possess the unattainable often leads to frustration.
'Иррациональное желание' (irrational desire) and 'недостижимым' (unattainable).
Его одержимость властью была не столько желанием, сколько патологической потребностью.
His obsession with power was not so much a desire as a pathological need.
Distinguishing between 'желание' and 'патологической потребностью' (pathological need).
Colocações comuns
Frases Comuns
Загадай желание!
Пусть все твои желания сбудутся!
У меня есть желание...
Это моё самое большое желание.
Что ты желаешь?
Без всякого желания.
Исполнить чьё-то желание.
Подарить исполнение желания.
Удовлетворить желание.
Навязчивое желание.
Expressões idiomáticas
"Как по заказу"
Just as desired; perfectly timed or suited. While not directly using 'желание', it implies that something happened exactly as one might have wished for.
Дождь пошёл как раз тогда, когда мы собирались идти на пикник – как по заказу!
Neutral"Душа просит"
My soul asks for it; I have a strong urge or desire for something. This is a more poetic and emotional way to express a strong desire.
Сегодня душа просит чего-то сладкого.
Informal, poetic"На всё воля Божья"
Everything is in God's will. This phrase is used to express acceptance of fate or circumstances, often when one's own desires cannot be fulfilled or are not in one's control.
Я сделал всё, что мог. На всё воля Божья.
Religious, philosophical"Не в свои сани не садись"
Don't get into a sleigh that isn't yours; don't take on something you're not suited for or capable of. This idiom advises against pursuing desires that are beyond one's abilities or station.
Он хочет стать актёром, но у него нет таланта. Не в свои сани не садись.
Proverbial, cautionary"Хоть волком вой"
To be extremely frustrated or desperate; to feel like howling like a wolf. This idiom describes a state of intense negative emotion, often resulting from unfulfilled desires or difficult circumstances.
Денег нет, работа потеряна, хоть волком вой.
Informal, expressive"Мечтать не вредно"
It's not harmful to dream; dreaming is fine. This is often said dismissively to someone who has unrealistic desires or plans.
Ты хочешь купить яхту? Ну, мечтать не вредно.
Informal, dismissive"На чужой каравай рот не разевай"
Don't open your mouth for someone else's loaf; don't covet what others have. This proverb warns against desiring what belongs to others.
У него новая машина, а у тебя старая. На чужой каравай рот не разевай.
Proverbial, cautionary"От добра добра не ищут"
Good does not seek good; don't look for trouble or change something that is already good. This proverb implies that one should be content with what they have and not pursue desires that might lead to worse outcomes.
У тебя хорошая работа, зачем искать новую? От добра добра не ищут.
Proverbial, cautionary"Сколько верёвочке ни виться, конец будет"
No matter how long the rope winds, there will be an end; eventually, schemes or wrongdoings will be discovered. This idiom can relate to desires that are pursued through dishonest means; eventually, there will be consequences.
Он обманывал людей годами, но сколько верёвочке ни виться, конец будет.
Proverbial, cautionary"И хочется, и колется"
I want to, but it prickles; torn between desire and fear or hesitation. This describes a situation where one has a desire but is held back by apprehension or potential negative consequences.
Я хочу попробовать экстремальный спорт, но и хочется, и колется.
Informal, descriptiveFamília de palavras
Substantivos
Verbos
Adjetivos
Relacionado
Memorize
Mnemônico
Imagine a genie granting a wish. The genie says, 'Your wish is my command!' The word 'желание' sounds a bit like 'genie' and 'command.' So, think of a genie saying, 'This is your 'желание' (wish)!' or 'I 'желаю' (wish) you well!'
Associação visual
Picture a person holding a single, bright star in their hands, representing a cherished wish or desire. The star is radiant, symbolizing the strong feeling of wanting it. Or, visualize a heart with an arrow pointing into it, symbolizing desire.
Word Web
Origem da palavra
The word 'желание' comes from the Old East Slavic word 'желати' (zhelati), which itself derives from the Proto-Slavic root '*želěti' meaning 'to desire, to want.' This root is shared with other Indo-European languages, showing a common origin for the concept of wanting.
Significado original: The core meaning has always been related to desiring or wanting something.
Indo-European -> Balto-Slavic -> East SlavicSummary
The Russian word 'желание' is a fundamental noun for expressing a strong feeling of wanting something, whether it's a simple wish, a personal aspiration, or a deep longing. It's versatile and used in various contexts, from casual conversations to more profound expressions.
- Noun: desire, wish, want.
- Expresses a strong feeling of wanting something.
- Used for personal aspirations, wishes, and strong wants.
- Related to the verb 'желать' (to wish).
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