povedati
povedati em 30 segundos
- Povedati means 'to tell' and is perfective.
- It requires the recipient to be in the dative case (mi, ti, mu...).
- It is used for stories, facts, secrets, and instructions.
- Common forms include 'povej' (tell!) and 'povedal' (told).
The Slovenian verb povedati is a cornerstone of the language, representing the act of conveying information, telling a story, or disclosing a fact. Unlike the more general verb 'reči' (to say), povedati implies a more complete delivery of information. It is a perfective verb, meaning it focuses on the completion of the act of telling. When you use povedati, you aren't just making a sound; you are ensuring that a message has been successfully transmitted from your mind to another's.
- Semantic Range
- The word covers everything from 'to tell a secret' to 'to give a speech' or 'to state one's opinion'. It is the go-to verb for narration and reporting.
- The Perfective Aspect
- Because it is perfective, it is often used in the past tense or the future tense to describe a finished action. In the present tense, it often takes on a future meaning or a habitual sense in specific sub-clauses.
Moraš mi povedati resnico, ne glede na to, kako boli.
In daily life, you will hear this word in almost every conversation. Whether someone is asking for directions, sharing gossip, or a teacher is giving instructions, povedati is the vehicle for that data. It requires a recipient, usually expressed in the dative case (komu - to whom). If you are telling something to 'me', it is 'povej mi'. If you are telling 'him', it is 'povej mu'. This directional flow of information is vital to the word's identity.
Kaj si mu povedal po telefonu?
- Social Nuance
- Using 'povedati' suggests a level of detail. If you 'say' (reči) hello, it's a brief moment. If you 'tell' (povedati) how your day was, it's a process of sharing.
Nihče mi ni povedal, da je zabava odpovedana.
Mastering the syntax of povedati involves understanding its relationship with two main elements: the recipient (Dative case) and the information (Accusative case or a sub-clause). The person you are telling something to must be in the dative case. For example, 'mi' (to me), 'ti' (to you), 'mu' (to him), 'ji' (to her), 'nam' (to us), 'vam' (to you plural/formal), 'jim' (to them).
- Sentence Structure A: Dative + Accusative
- Subject + (Dative Pronoun) + Povedati + (Noun in Accusative). Example: 'Povedal mi je zgodbo.' (He told me a story.)
- Sentence Structure B: Dative + Sub-clause
- Subject + (Dative Pronoun) + Povedati + (da / če / k- word). Example: 'Povej mi, kje si bil.' (Tell me where you were.)
Ali mi lahko poveš, koliko je ura?
The imperative form is incredibly common. Use 'povej' for singular informal, 'povejte' for formal or plural, and 'povejva' for 'let's tell'. This is how you demand information or encourage someone to speak up. In negative imperatives, however, we often switch back to the imperfective 'ne pravi' or 'ne govori', though 'ne povej' is used when telling someone NOT to disclose a specific secret.
Nikomur ne povej moje skrivnosti!
- Common Conjugation (Present used as Future)
- Jaz povem, ti poveš, on/ona pove, mi povemo, vi poveste, oni povejo.
Takoj ko izvem, ti povem.
In Slovenia, povedati is the currency of information exchange. You will hear it at the doctor's office when the physician says, 'Povejte mi, kje vas boli' (Tell me where it hurts). You will hear it in the news when an anchor says, 'Kot smo že povedali...' (As we have already told/stated...). It is the word of revelation and clarity.
Direktor je povedal, da bo podjetje zaposlovalo nove ljudi.
In a social context, especially among friends, 'povej' is often used as a prompt to start a story. If you meet someone after a long time, they might say 'No, pa povej, kaj je novega!' (Well, tell me, what's new!). It invites a narrative rather than a simple yes/no answer. In schools, teachers constantly use it: 'Povejte to s svojimi besedami' (Tell/say this in your own words).
- News and Media
- Journalists use 'povedati' to attribute quotes. 'Minister je povedal, da so pogajanja uspela.'
- Legal and Formal
- In court, a witness might be told: 'Povejte samo tisto, kar ste videli.' (Tell only that which you saw.)
Mama mi je povedala recept za to torto.
The most frequent mistake English speakers make is confusing povedati with 'reči' or 'praviti'. While all three relate to speaking, their usage is strictly governed by aspect and context. 'Povedati' is perfective; you use it for a completed act of telling. You cannot use it for the ongoing act of 'speaking' or 'talking' (that would be 'govoriti').
- Mistake 1: Wrong Aspect
- Saying 'Povem ti zgodbo' to mean 'I am telling you a story (right now)'. This sounds like 'I will tell you a story'. For ongoing action, use 'Pravim ti zgodbo' or 'Pripovedujem ti zgodbo'.
- Mistake 2: Case Errors
- Saying 'Povej mene' instead of 'Povej mi'. The recipient must always be in the dative case.
Incorrect: On je povedal, da govori slovensko ves čas.
Correct: On pravi, da govori slovensko...
Another mistake is using 'povedati' when 'govoriti' (to speak a language) is required. You 'tell' a story, but you 'speak' Slovenian. You never 'tell' Slovenian. Also, watch out for the double object. If you tell something (Accusative) to someone (Dative), make sure both are correct. 'Povedal sem mu (Dat) resnico (Acc)'.
While povedati is versatile, Slovenian offers more precise verbs depending on the nature of the 'telling'. Understanding these nuances will elevate your Slovenian from A1 to B2 and beyond.
- Reči (to say)
- Used for short utterances or specific quotes. 'Rekel je: Živijo!'
- Pripovedovati (to narrate)
- The imperfective long-form of telling a story or legend. It implies a longer duration of speaking.
- Razložiti (to explain)
- When the 'telling' involves making someone understand a concept.
- Omeniti (to mention)
- To tell something briefly or in passing.
Namesto da samo poveš dejstva, jih raje razloži.
In literature, you might see 'izreči' (to utter/pronounce) or 'izpovedati' (to confess/profess). 'Izpovedati ljubezen' is to profess love, a much deeper and more emotional action than just 'povedati'. Choosing the right verb shows your command of the emotional landscape of the language.
How Formal Is It?
Curiosidade
The root is the same as in the English word 'wit' or the German 'wissen'. Historically, telling was seen as sharing knowledge.
Guia de pronúncia
- Pronouncing the 'o' too broadly like 'poh'. It should be a short, neutral 'o'.
- Stress on the first syllable.
- Mumbling the 'ti' ending.
- Confusing the 'v' sound with a hard 'f'.
- Shortening the 'e' too much.
Nível de dificuldade
Very easy to recognize in texts.
Requires knowledge of the dative case for the recipient.
Imperative forms and aspect choices can be tricky for beginners.
Commonly used and usually clear in speech.
O que aprender depois
Pré-requisitos
Aprenda a seguir
Avançado
Gramática essencial
Dative Case for Recipients
Povej MI (to me).
Perfective Aspect
Povedal sem (I told - finished).
Reported Speech with 'da'
Rekel je, DA pride.
Imperative Mood
Povej! (Tell!)
Gender agreement in Past Tense
Ona je povedalA.
Exemplos por nível
Povej mi svoje ime.
Tell me your name.
Imperative 'povej' + dative 'mi'.
Ali mi lahko poveš pot do postaje?
Can you tell me the way to the station?
Modal 'lahko' + infinitive 'povedati'.
Povedal sem mu resnico.
I told him the truth.
Past tense masculine singular.
Mama mi je povedala zgodbo.
Mom told me a story.
Past tense feminine singular.
Povejte nam več!
Tell us more!
Imperative plural 'povejte'.
Nič mi niso povedali.
They didn't tell me anything.
Negative past tense plural.
Kdo ti je to povedal?
Who told you that?
Interrogative sentence.
Povej mi, kje si.
Tell me where you are.
Imperative + locative sub-clause.
Včeraj mi je povedal za svojo novo službo.
Yesterday he told me about his new job.
Past tense + preposition 'za'.
Ali ji boš povedal, da jo imaš rad?
Will you tell her that you love her?
Future tense (present form used as future).
Moramo jim povedati novice.
We must tell them the news.
Infinitive after 'morati'.
Povej mi po pravici, ali si ti to naredil?
Tell me honestly, did you do this?
Idiomatic 'po pravici'.
Učiteljica nam je povedala rezultate testa.
The teacher told us the test results.
Dative 'nam' + Accusative plural.
Nisem ti mogel povedati prej.
I couldn't tell you earlier.
Past tense negative modal.
Povej mi, če rabiš pomoč.
Tell me if you need help.
Imperative + conditional 'če'.
Vse sem mu že povedal.
I already told him everything.
Use of 'že' for emphasis.
Povedal je, da se ne strinja z našim predlogom.
He said/told us that he doesn't agree with our proposal.
Reporting speech with 'da'.
Ali bi mi lahko povedali, kdaj pride vlak?
Could you tell me when the train arrives?
Conditional 'bi' for politeness.
Nihče mi ni povedal, da je sestanek odpovedan.
No one told me the meeting was cancelled.
Passive information flow.
Povej mi vse podrobnosti o tvojem potovanju.
Tell me all the details about your trip.
Accusative plural 'podrobnosti'.
Njegov obraz je povedal vse.
His face told everything.
Metaphorical use of 'povedati'.
Povedali so nam, naj počakamo zunaj.
They told us to wait outside.
Imperative reported with 'naj'.
Kaj ti je zdravnik povedal o izvidih?
What did the doctor tell you about the results?
Preposition 'o' + Locative.
Povej mi, kaj si misliš o tej ideji.
Tell me what you think about this idea.
Reflexive 'si misliš'.
Jasno je povedal, da ne bo več toleriral zamujanja.
He stated clearly that he will no longer tolerate lateness.
Adverb 'jasno' modifying the verb.
Če bi mi to povedal prej, bi lahko preprečil težavo.
If you had told me that earlier, I could have prevented the problem.
Past conditional structure.
V poročilu so povedali le pol resnice.
In the report, they only told half the truth.
Locative 'v poročilu'.
Povej mi, kako nameravaš rešiti to situacijo.
Tell me how you intend to solve this situation.
Interrogative sub-clause 'kako'.
Njegove besede so mi veliko povedale o njegovem značaju.
His words told me a lot about his character.
Plural subject 'besede'.
Ali mi sploh upaš povedati, kaj se je zgodilo?
Do you even dare to tell me what happened?
Verb 'upati' (to dare).
Povedati moram, da sem bil nad rezultatom presenečen.
I must say that I was surprised by the result.
Formal introductory phrase.
Samo povej, kaj potrebuješ, in priskrbel ti bom.
Just say what you need, and I will provide it for you.
Future tense 'priskrbel bom'.
Treba je povedati, da so bili vsi vpleteni vnaprej obveščeni.
It must be stated that all involved were informed in advance.
Impersonal 'treba je'.
Avtor v svojem delu pove marsikaj o takratni družbi.
The author tells/reveals much about the society of that time in his work.
Present tense for literary analysis.
Povej mi, kateri dejavniki so najbolj vplivali na tvojo odločitev.
Tell me which factors most influenced your decision.
Complex interrogative sub-clause.
Njegov molk je povedal več kot tisoč besed.
His silence told more than a thousand words.
Idiomatic expression.
Povedali so mi, da je situacija kritična, a obvladljiva.
I was told that the situation is critical but manageable.
Reported information.
Nisem mu upal povedati, da sem izgubil njegovo zaupanje.
I didn't dare tell him that I had lost his trust.
Abstract direct object.
Povej mi, kako se to sklada s tvojimi načeli.
Tell me how this aligns with your principles.
Reflexive 'se sklada'.
Kot je bilo že povedano, se moramo osredotočiti na rešitve.
As was already stated, we must focus on solutions.
Passive participle 'povedano'.
Povedati resnico v svetu laži je revolucionarno dejanje.
To tell the truth in a world of lies is a revolutionary act.
Infinitive as a subject.
Težko je povedati, kje se konča fikcija in začne resničnost.
It is difficult to tell where fiction ends and reality begins.
Abstract cognitive distinction.
Njegova drža je povedala vse o njegovem notranjem boju.
His posture told everything about his internal struggle.
Non-verbal communication as a subject.
Dovolite mi, da vam povem zgodbo o pogumu in vztrajnosti.
Allow me to tell you a story of courage and persistence.
Formal address 'dovolite'.
Povedal je le toliko, kolikor je bilo nujno potrebno.
He told only as much as was absolutely necessary.
Correlative 'toliko, kolikor'.
Ni mu bilo treba povedati, saj smo vsi čutili isto.
He didn't need to tell (us), as we all felt the same.
Implicit object.
Povedati kaj takega v javnosti zahteva precejšen pogum.
Telling something like that in public requires significant courage.
Complex noun phrase as subject.
Zgodovina nam bo povedala, ali smo ravnali prav.
History will tell us if we acted correctly.
Personification of history.
Colocações comuns
Frases Comuns
— I told you nicely/clearly (often used before getting angry).
Lepo sem ti povedal, da ne smeš tja.
— What can I tell you? (expression of helplessness or obviousness).
Kaj naj ti povem, situacija je slaba.
— Others will be the judge or tell the tale.
Jaz ne bom hvalil svojega dela, bodo že drugi povedali.
— Part of a proverb: Tell me who you hang out with (and I'll tell you who you are).
Povej mi, s kom se družiš, in povem ti, kdo si.
— You have nothing to say to me (dismissive).
Pojdi stran, nimaš mi kaj povedati.
— Someone already told me that.
To ni nova novica, to mi je že nekdo povedal.
Frequentemente confundido com
Reči is for short utterances; povedati is for sharing information or stories.
Govoriti is to speak (a language) or talk; povedati is to tell something specific.
Praviti is imperfective (habitual/ongoing); povedati is perfective (completed act).
Expressões idiomáticas
— To call a spade a spade; to speak directly and bluntly.
Čas je, da mu povemo bobu bob.
informal/idiomatic— The face tells the whole story.
Nič ni rekel, a njegov obraz je povedal vse.
neutral— To tell someone something directly to their face (usually something negative).
Upal mu je povedati resnico v obraz.
neutral— To have one's say; to express one's opinion firmly.
Na sestanku je končno povedala svoje.
neutral— To tell something in private (between four eyes).
To ti moram povedati na štiri oči.
neutral— To tell something from first-hand experience.
To vam lahko povem iz prve roke.
neutral— To tell something in great detail.
Vse nam je povedal po dolgem in počez.
informal— To tell something with a heavy heart.
S težkim srcem mu je povedala novico.
neutral— To tell something between the lines (imply).
Čeprav ni bil direkten, je med vrsticami povedal vse.
neutralFácil de confundir
Translation of 'to say' vs 'to tell'.
Povedati is 'to tell' (requires info/story), reči is 'to say' (short).
Povej mi zgodbo vs. Reci živijo.
Both mean 'tell'.
Pripovedovati is for long, descriptive narration; povedati is for specific facts or short stories.
Pripovedoval je o vojni. Povedal mi je uro.
Explaining involves telling.
Razložiti focuses on understanding; povedati focuses on transmitting information.
Razložil mi je matematiko. Povedal mi je novico.
Opposite sides of the same coin.
Izvedeti is 'to find out' (receiver); povedati is 'to tell' (sender).
Izvedel sem resnico. Povedal mi je resnico.
Shared root.
Napovedati is 'to predict' or 'to announce' (future).
Vreme so napovedali.
Padrões de frases
Povej mi [Noun].
Povej mi ime.
Povedal sem [Dative Pronoun].
Povedal sem mu.
Povej mi, [Question Word]...?
Povej mi, kje si?
[Subject] je povedal, da [Verb].
Janez je povedal, da pride.
Povedati [Dative] o [Locative].
Povedal mi je o svojem delu.
Nič mi niso povedali o [Locative].
Nič mi niso povedali o tem.
Če bi mi povedal, bi [Conditional].
Če bi mi povedal, bi vedel.
Kot je bilo že povedano, [Clause].
Kot je bilo že povedano, moramo iti.
Família de palavras
Substantivos
Verbos
Adjetivos
Relacionado
Como usar
Extremely frequent in both spoken and written Slovenian.
-
Povem ti slovensko.
→
Govorim slovensko.
You speak a language (govoriti), you don't 'tell' it.
-
Povej me zgodbo.
→
Povej mi zgodbo.
The recipient must be in the dative case (mi), not accusative (me).
-
On pove resnico zdaj.
→
On pravi resnico zdaj.
Povedati is perfective and cannot describe an ongoing action in the present.
-
Rekel mi je zgodbo.
→
Povedal mi je zgodbo.
'Rekel' is for saying words; 'povedal' is for telling stories or information.
-
Povedal sem mu o knjigi.
→
Povedal sem mu o knjigi.
(Trick entry: this is actually correct, but students often forget the 'o' + Locative).
Dicas
Dative focus
Always remember the recipient is in the dative. 'Povej MI', not 'Povej ME'.
Aspectual Pair
Pair 'povedati' (completed) with 'praviti' (ongoing) in your mind to master verbal aspect.
Root Knowledge
Knowing it comes from 'vedeti' (to know) helps you remember it means 'to make known'.
Stress the 'E'
The stress is on the 've' in po-VE-da-ti. Keep the 'o' short.
Honesty Idiom
Use 'povej mi po pravici' to sound more like a native speaker when asking for the truth.
Clitic placement
In sentences like 'Povedal MI je', notice the pronoun 'mi' is in the second position.
Reporting Speech
Use 'povedal je, da...' as a standard way to report what someone else said.
Provide Info
Povedati = Provide Information. Both start with 'P'.
Formal Requests
Use 'Ali mi lahko poveste...' for a polite 'Could you tell me...'.
Directness
Slovenians appreciate the directness of 'povedati' over vague speaking.
Memorize
Mnemônico
Think of 'PO-VEDATI'. 'Po' is like 'post' (sending) and 'vedati' is 'to know'. So, you are 'posting knowledge' to someone.
Associação visual
Imagine a person handing a glowing lightbulb (knowledge) to another person's ear.
Word Web
Desafio
Try to use 'povedati' in three different tenses (past, future, imperative) before the end of the day.
Origem da palavra
From Proto-Slavic *povědati. It is a compound of the prefix *po- and the root *vědati (to know).
Significado original: To make someone know; to cause to know.
Indo-European > Slavic > South Slavic > Slovenian.Contexto cultural
Be careful when using 'povedati' in a command form (Povej!) as it can sound aggressive if the tone is not right.
English speakers often use 'say' and 'tell' interchangeably, but in Slovenian, the distinction between 'reči' and 'povedati' is sharper and based on aspect.
Pratique na vida real
Contextos reais
At home
- Povej mami.
- Povej mi, kaj si jedel.
- Povej zgodbo.
- Povej resnico.
At work
- Povejte mi svoje mnenje.
- Povedal je, da bo zamudil.
- Povej mi, ko končaš.
- Povejte nam načrt.
In a shop
- Povejte mi ceno.
- Ali mi lahko poveste, kje je kruh?
- Povejte mi več o tem izdelku.
- Povedali so mi, da je razprodaja.
With friends
- Povej kakšen vic.
- Povej, kaj je novega.
- Povej mi po pravici.
- Ne povej nikomur.
At the doctor
- Povejte mi, kje vas boli.
- Povedal sem mu za simptome.
- Povejte mi, kaj naj naredim.
- Povedali so mi diagnozo.
Iniciadores de conversa
"Ali mi lahko poveš kaj o svoji družini?"
"Povej mi, kateri je tvoj najljubši film."
"Kaj si mi hotel povedati včeraj?"
"Povej mi, kako si se naučil slovensko."
"Ali mi lahko poveš pot do najbližje restavracije?"
Temas para diário
Zapiši, kaj ti je danes povedal najboljši prijatelj.
Kaj bi povedal svojemu mlajšemu jazu, če bi lahko?
Opiši situacijo, ko si moral povedati težko resnico.
Povej zgodbo o svojem najljubšem potovanju.
Kaj bi povedal svetu, če bi te vsi poslušali eno minuto?
Perguntas frequentes
10 perguntasIt is perfective. Its imperfective counterpart is 'praviti' or 'pripovedovati' depending on the context.
No, you must use 'govoriti slovensko'. 'Povedati' is for telling something, not speaking a language.
The dative case. For example: mi, ti, mu, ji, nam, vam, jim.
You say 'Povej mi!' for one person you know well, or 'Povejte mi!' for a group or someone you address formally.
It depends on the gender: povedal (m), povedala (f), povedalo (n).
Yes, if the recipient is implied by the context, but usually, a dative object is present.
'Povedati' is 'to tell' (information/story), while 'reči' is 'to say' (a word/quote).
It is neutral among friends, but use 'povejte' to be polite or formal.
Povem, poveš, pove, povemo, poveste, povejo. Note: this often has a future meaning.
It is a very common idiom meaning 'to tell the truth' or 'to be honest'.
Teste-se 180 perguntas
Translate to Slovenian: 'Tell me your name.'
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Translate to Slovenian: 'He told me the truth.'
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Translate to Slovenian: 'I will tell you tomorrow.'
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Translate to Slovenian: 'Tell us a story.'
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Translate to Slovenian: 'No one told her.'
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Translate to Slovenian: 'Can you tell me where the station is?'
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Translate to Slovenian: 'They told us everything.'
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Translate to Slovenian: 'Tell me honestly.'
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Translate to Slovenian: 'I have to tell you something.'
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Translate to Slovenian: 'What did he tell you?'
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Translate to Slovenian: 'Tell them to wait.'
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Translate to Slovenian: 'I already told you that.'
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Translate to Slovenian: 'She didn't want to tell me.'
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Translate to Slovenian: 'Tell me the secret.'
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Translate to Slovenian: 'He told it clearly.'
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Translate to Slovenian: 'Tell me what you think.'
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Translate to Slovenian: 'We will tell them the results.'
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Translate to Slovenian: 'Did you tell your parents?'
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Translate to Slovenian: 'Don't tell anyone!'
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Translate to Slovenian: 'I will tell you everything later.'
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Izgovori: 'Povej mi resnico.'
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Izgovori: 'Povedal sem mu vse.'
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Izgovori: 'Ali mi lahko poveste pot?'
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Izgovori: 'Povej mi po pravici.'
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Izgovori: 'Nič mi niso povedali.'
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Povej stavek o tem, kaj si povedal prijatelju včeraj.
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Vprašaj nekoga za ime z uporabo 'povedati'.
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Vprašaj za pot do centra mesta.
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Reci: 'Don't tell me that!'
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Reci: 'He told a funny story.'
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Reci: 'I will tell you later.'
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Reci: 'Tell us the news.'
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Reci: 'Who told you that?'
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Reci: 'I told them the truth.'
Read this aloud:
Você disse:
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Reci: 'Tell me where you live.'
Read this aloud:
Você disse:
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Listen and write: 'Povej mi vse.'
Listen and write: 'Povedal sem mu resnico.'
Listen and write: 'Ali mi lahko poveste uro?'
Listen and write: 'Nihče mi ni povedal.'
Listen and write: 'Povej mi, kje si.'
Listen and write: 'Vse ti bom povedal.'
Listen and write: 'Mama mi je povedala zgodbo.'
Listen and write: 'Povejte nam več.'
Listen and write: 'Kaj si mu povedal?'
Listen and write: 'Povej mi po pravici.'
/ 180 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
The verb 'povedati' is essential for sharing information. Remember that it is perfective, so it describes a completed act of telling. Always use the dative case for the person you are talking to (e.g., 'Povej MI').
- Povedati means 'to tell' and is perfective.
- It requires the recipient to be in the dative case (mi, ti, mu...).
- It is used for stories, facts, secrets, and instructions.
- Common forms include 'povej' (tell!) and 'povedal' (told).
Dative focus
Always remember the recipient is in the dative. 'Povej MI', not 'Povej ME'.
Aspectual Pair
Pair 'povedati' (completed) with 'praviti' (ongoing) in your mind to master verbal aspect.
Root Knowledge
Knowing it comes from 'vedeti' (to know) helps you remember it means 'to make known'.
Stress the 'E'
The stress is on the 've' in po-VE-da-ti. Keep the 'o' short.
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