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der Krieg

A2 noun #2,000 最常用 10分钟阅读

der Krieg

前2,000

At the A1 level, learners are introduced to 'der Krieg' as a fundamental vocabulary word representing a major negative global event. The focus is on basic recognition and pairing it with its direct opposite, 'der Frieden' (peace). At this stage, students learn the gender (der) and how to use it in very simple, declarative sentences. For example, they might learn to say 'Der Krieg ist schlecht' (The war is bad) or 'Ich möchte keinen Krieg' (I do not want war). The grammatical complexity is kept to a minimum, focusing primarily on the nominative and accusative cases. Teachers often introduce this word when discussing basic history, countries, or expressing simple opinions about world states. It is crucial for A1 learners to simply recognize the word when they hear it in basic audio exercises or see it in beginner reading texts. There is no expectation to understand complex compound nouns or historical nuances at this level; the goal is purely foundational vocabulary building. Students will practice pronouncing the long 'ie' sound and the hard 'g' at the end of the word. They will also learn to identify it in simple true/false statements or matching exercises where 'Krieg' is matched with an image of conflict or the English word 'war'. This sets the stage for more complex usage in later levels.

At the A2 level, the usage of 'der Krieg' expands significantly as learners begin to explore the past tense (Präteritum and Perfekt) and more complex sentence structures. Students are taught to describe historical events in a basic manner, which inevitably involves the word 'Krieg'. They learn phrases like 'Der Krieg war lang' (The war was long) or 'Der Krieg hat begonnen' (The war has begun). At this stage, the concept of compound nouns is introduced more formally, and learners will encounter highly common words like 'Weltkrieg' (world war) and 'Bürgerkrieg' (civil war). Prepositions also become important; A2 students learn to say 'im Krieg' (in the war) and 'nach dem Krieg' (after the war), requiring a basic understanding of the dative case. The vocabulary surrounding 'Krieg' grows to include related words such as 'Soldat' (soldier), 'Armee' (army), and 'zerstören' (to destroy). Reading comprehension exercises at this level might include short, simplified historical texts or basic news summaries where 'Krieg' is a central theme. Students are encouraged to express slightly more nuanced opinions, such as 'Viele Menschen sterben im Krieg' (Many people die in war). The focus remains on concrete, literal meanings rather than abstract or metaphorical uses, ensuring a solid grasp of the word's primary definition and grammatical behavior in everyday contexts.

At the B1 level, 'der Krieg' becomes a crucial component of a learner's active vocabulary for discussing current events, media, and detailed history. B1 learners are expected to understand and produce texts about familiar topics, and unfortunately, global conflicts are a frequent topic in German news (Nachrichten). Students learn to use the word in subordinate clauses, such as 'Ich hoffe, dass der Krieg bald endet' (I hope that the war ends soon). The collocation 'Krieg führen' (to wage war) is explicitly taught and practiced, moving learners away from the incorrect 'Krieg machen'. Vocabulary expansion includes terms like 'Kriegsgefangener' (prisoner of war), 'Waffenstillstand' (ceasefire), and 'Friedensvertrag' (peace treaty). At this level, students engage in discussions and debates, requiring them to articulate arguments against war ('gegen den Krieg sein'). Listening exercises often feature authentic or semi-authentic news broadcasts where 'Krieg' is mentioned in the context of international politics. Furthermore, B1 introduces the genitive case more robustly, so phrases like 'die Folgen des Krieges' (the consequences of the war) become standard. Learners also start to encounter the first metaphorical uses of the word, such as 'Preiskrieg' (price war) in business contexts, broadening their understanding of how the root word functions flexibly across different domains of the German language.

At the B2 level, the linguistic handling of 'der Krieg' reaches a high degree of sophistication. Learners are expected to understand complex, abstract texts and engage in fluent discussions with native speakers. The vocabulary surrounding 'Krieg' expands into specialized political, economic, and historical terminology. Students analyze the causes and effects of conflicts using advanced structures, such as 'Der Krieg, der durch politische Spannungen ausgelöst wurde...' (The war, which was triggered by political tensions...). Metaphorical and idiomatic uses become a significant focus. B2 learners will comfortably use terms like 'Rosenkrieg' (bitter divorce battle), 'Kalter Krieg' (Cold War), and 'Cyberkrieg' (cyber warfare). They are taught to distinguish between subtle synonyms like 'Konflikt', 'Auseinandersetzung', and 'Feindseligkeiten'. In writing, students might be tasked with composing essays on the ethics of 'Kriegseinsätze' (military deployments) or the impact of 'Kriegsflüchtlinge' (war refugees) on society. The grammatical manipulation of the word is expected to be flawless, including correct declension in all cases and seamless integration into passive voice constructions ('Der Krieg wurde beendet' - The war was ended). Cultural context is heavily emphasized, with learners exploring German post-war literature (Trümmerliteratur) and the societal impact of the World Wars, requiring a deep, nuanced comprehension of 'Krieg' beyond its literal dictionary definition.

At the C1 level, learners possess an advanced, near-native operational proficiency. The word 'der Krieg' is utilized within highly academic, literary, and complex professional contexts. Students engage with authentic, unadapted materials such as historical treatises, political analyses in broadsheets like 'Die Zeit' or 'FAZ', and classic German literature. The focus shifts to the rhetorical and stylistic deployment of the word. C1 learners explore the psychological and sociological dimensions of 'Krieg', discussing concepts like 'Kriegstrauma' (war trauma), 'Kriegsverbrechen' (war crimes), and international humanitarian law. They are expected to articulate highly nuanced arguments, perhaps debating the philosophical justifications of a 'gerechter Krieg' (just war). The vocabulary is expansive and highly specific, including terms like 'Stellvertreterkrieg' (proxy war), 'Zermürbungskrieg' (war of attrition), and 'asymmetrische Kriegsführung' (asymmetric warfare). Idiomatic expressions and historical references are understood implicitly. Students might analyze political speeches to identify how the rhetoric of 'Krieg' is used to mobilize populations or justify policy. Grammatically, there are no barriers; learners use complex participial attributes ('der jahrelang andauernde Krieg') and sophisticated subjunctive structures ('Wenn der Krieg nicht ausgebrochen wäre...') with ease. The mastery of 'Krieg' at this level demonstrates a profound integration into the German cultural and intellectual discourse.

At the C2 level, the mastery of 'der Krieg' is indistinguishable from that of an educated native speaker. Learners navigate the word across all registers, from the most colloquial slang to the highest echelons of academic and poetic language. They understand the deepest etymological roots and the most obscure historical connotations. A C2 user can effortlessly deconstruct a complex literary text that uses 'Krieg' as a multifaceted metaphor for internal human struggle or existential dread. They can produce highly persuasive, sophisticated texts—such as academic dissertations or diplomatic briefs—where the terminology of conflict is used with absolute precision. The distinction between 'Krieg', 'Schlacht', 'Gefecht', and 'Scharmützel' is applied instinctively. They are fully conversant in the vast array of compound nouns and can even invent new, contextually appropriate compounds on the fly, a hallmark of native German fluency. At this pinnacle of language acquisition, 'der Krieg' is not just a vocabulary item to be translated; it is a conceptual tool used to engage deeply with German philosophy, history, and the human condition. The learner appreciates the heavy silence that sometimes follows the word in German conversation, fully grasping the historical trauma and the enduring cultural imperative of 'Nie wieder Krieg' (Never again war).

开始练习例句笔记与提示

der Krieg 30秒了解

Armed conflict between nations.
Opposite of peace (Frieden).
Highly destructive military action.
Used metaphorically for intense struggles.

The German noun 'der Krieg' translates directly to 'the war' in the English language, representing a state of armed conflict between different countries, states, or distinct groups within a single nation. Understanding this word goes far beyond its simple translation; it delves into history, sociology, politics, and human psychology. In the German language, 'Krieg' is a highly charged term, carrying the weight of European history, particularly the devastating conflicts of the 20th century. When learners encounter this word, it is essential to recognize not just its literal meaning but its profound cultural and historical resonance.

Literal Meaning: An armed conflict between nations or factions, characterized by extreme violence, social disruption, and military engagement.

The etymology of 'Krieg' traces back to Old High German 'chreg', which originally meant stubbornness, obstinacy, or a striving/struggle. Over centuries, the semantic field narrowed and intensified to specifically denote armed military conflict.

Der Zweite Weltkrieg endete 1945.

Beyond its literal military application, 'Krieg' is frequently employed in metaphorical contexts to describe intense rivalries, severe competitions, or aggressive campaigns against abstract concepts. For instance, one might speak of a 'Preiskrieg' (price war) in economics, a 'Rosenkrieg' (war of the roses, meaning a bitter divorce), or a 'Krieg gegen die Armut' (war on poverty).

Metaphorical Usage: Used to describe non-military struggles, such as economic competition, political campaigns, or personal disputes.

The grammatical behavior of 'der Krieg' is straightforward. It is a strong masculine noun. In the plural, it becomes 'die Kriege'. The genitive singular is 'des Krieges' or 'des Kriegs', and the dative plural is 'den Kriegen'.

Sie demonstrieren gegen den Krieg.

Die Folgen des Krieges sind verheerend.

In contemporary German media, 'Krieg' is an unavoidable term, appearing daily in news reports concerning international relations, geopolitical tensions, and historical documentaries. The psychological impact of the word cannot be overstated. In Germany, a country that experienced the division of the Cold War ('Kalter Krieg') and the devastation of two World Wars ('Weltkriege'), the term evokes a strong desire for peace ('Frieden').

Historical Context: The term is deeply tied to the collective memory of the 20th century, influencing modern German pacifism and foreign policy.

Im Krieg gibt es keine wahren Gewinner.

Der Kalte Krieg prägte eine ganze Generation.

Ultimately, mastering the word 'Krieg' involves understanding its grammatical forms, its ability to form extensive compound nouns, its metaphorical flexibility, and the profound historical weight it carries in the German-speaking world. It is a fundamental vocabulary item for anyone aiming to comprehend German history, politics, and daily news.

Using 'der Krieg' correctly in German requires an understanding of its grammatical properties, common collocations, and the specific prepositions that accompany it. As a masculine noun, it follows standard declension patterns, but its usage in sentences often involves specific idiomatic structures.

Basic Grammar: Nominative: der Krieg. Accusative: den Krieg. Dative: dem Krieg(e). Genitive: des Krieges/Kriegs.

When discussing the outbreak or beginning of a war, Germans typically use verbs like 'ausbrechen' (to break out) or 'beginnen' (to begin).

Der Krieg brach im September aus.

Conversely, when a war ends, the verbs 'enden' (to end) or 'vorbei sein' (to be over) are employed. If someone is actively waging war, the standard phrase is 'Krieg führen'. This is a highly common collocation that learners must memorize. Prepositions play a crucial role. To say 'in the war', you use 'im Krieg' (in dem Krieg). To say 'during the war', you use 'während des Krieges' (requiring the genitive case).

Prepositional Phrases: im Krieg (in the war), vor dem Krieg (before the war), nach dem Krieg (after the war), in den Krieg ziehen (to go to war).

Mein Großvater war im Krieg.

Another vital aspect of using 'Krieg' is mastering its compound forms. German is famous for combining nouns, and 'Krieg' is an extremely productive suffix and prefix. As a suffix, it describes the type of war: 'Bürgerkrieg' (civil war), 'Weltkrieg' (world war), 'Handelskrieg' (trade war), 'Stellungskrieg' (trench warfare).

Der Bürgerkrieg dauerte fünf Jahre.

As a prefix, it forms words related to the state of war: 'Kriegsgefangener' (prisoner of war), 'Kriegsverbrechen' (war crime), 'Kriegsmarine' (navy), 'Kriegsende' (end of the war). Notice the connecting 's' (Fugen-s) that often appears when 'Krieg' is the first part of the compound.

Verbs of Action: den Krieg erklären (to declare war), in den Krieg ziehen (to go to war), einen Krieg gewinnen/verlieren (to win/lose a war).

Das Land hat den Krieg verloren.

Sie wollen keinen Krieg anfangen.

When expressing opposition to war, learners should use phrases like 'gegen den Krieg sein' (to be against the war) or 'den Krieg ablehnen' (to reject war). Understanding these syntactic environments ensures that learners can discuss historical events, current affairs, and abstract conflicts with grammatical accuracy and appropriate nuance.

The word 'der Krieg' is ubiquitous in various spheres of German life, from daily news broadcasts to history classrooms, literature, and everyday conversations about global events. Because Germany's modern identity is heavily shaped by its past, discussions involving 'Krieg' are frequent, serious, and deeply analytical.

News and Media: It is a staple vocabulary word in journalism, used daily to report on international conflicts, defense budgets, and geopolitical strategies.

If you turn on the 'Tagesschau' (Germany's premier news program) or read 'Der Spiegel', you will inevitably encounter 'Krieg' and its many compounds. Reports might cover a 'Cyberkrieg' (cyber war), a 'Handelskrieg' (trade war) between major economies, or tragic 'Bürgerkriege' (civil wars) around the globe.

Die Nachrichten berichten täglich über den Krieg.

In the educational system, 'Krieg' is a central theme. German history lessons dedicate significant time to analyzing the causes, events, and aftermaths of the 'Erster Weltkrieg' (First World War) and 'Zweiter Weltkrieg' (Second World War).

Literature and Art: German literature features extensive 'Trümmerliteratur' (rubble literature) and anti-war novels, such as Remarque's 'Im Westen nichts Neues'.

Das Buch beschreibt die Schrecken des Krieges.

You will also hear the word in political discourse. Politicians debate 'Kriegseinsätze' (military deployments) of the Bundeswehr (German armed forces) and the ethical implications of exporting 'Kriegswaffen' (weapons of war). The pacifist movement in Germany is strong, and slogans like 'Nie wieder Krieg' (Never again war) are common at demonstrations and engraved on memorials.

Auf dem Denkmal steht: Nie wieder Krieg.

In everyday conversation, the metaphorical use is quite prevalent. People might complain about a 'Kleinkrieg' (petty war/squabble) with their neighbors over a fence, or a 'Preiskrieg' among supermarkets.

Colloquial Metaphors: Used to exaggerate everyday conflicts, like a 'Papierkrieg' (paper war) to describe excessive bureaucracy and red tape.

Dieser bürokratische Papierkrieg macht mich verrückt.

Die Nachbarn führen einen ständigen Kleinkrieg.

Whether you are reading a historical plaque, watching a political debate, or just chatting about a frustrating bureaucratic process, 'Krieg' and its derivatives are deeply woven into the fabric of the German language.

When learning and using 'der Krieg', students frequently encounter a few specific pitfalls related to grammar, collocation, and cultural nuance. Because the concept is so universally discussed, making errors with this word can sometimes lead to awkward or misunderstood statements.

Gender and Article Mistakes: A very common error is assigning the wrong gender. It is strictly 'der Krieg' (masculine), not 'das Krieg' or 'die Krieg'.

Using the incorrect article leads to cascading errors in adjective endings and prepositional cases. For example, saying 'in das Krieg' instead of the correct 'in den Krieg' (accusative, going to war) or 'im Krieg' (dative, being in the war).

Falsch: das Krieg. Richtig: der Krieg.

Another frequent mistake involves the verb used to express 'waging war'. English speakers often translate 'to make war' literally into 'Krieg machen'. This sounds highly unnatural in German. The correct collocation is always 'Krieg führen'.

Collocation Errors: Using 'machen' instead of 'führen', or using 'starten' instead of 'ausbrechen' or 'beginnen' for the onset of war.

Sie führen Krieg gegen das Nachbarland.

Plural formation also trips up some learners. The plural is 'die Kriege', adding an '-e'. Some learners mistakenly add an '-en' or an umlaut ('die Kriege' is correct, not 'die Krüge' which means jugs, nor 'die Kriegen').

Es gab viele Kriege in der Geschichte.

In compound nouns, forgetting the connecting 's' (Fugen-s) is a standard orthographic mistake. It must be 'Kriegsverbrechen', not 'Kriegverbrechen'. This 's' makes the pronunciation smoother and is grammatically required for most 'Krieg' compounds where 'Krieg' is the first element.

Pronunciation: The 'ie' is a long 'e' sound [i:], and the final 'g' is often pronounced as a soft 'k' or 'ch' depending on the regional dialect, but standard German dictates a 'k' sound at the end.

Das Kriegsende wurde gefeiert.

Er ist ein Kriegsfotograf.

Lastly, a cultural mistake is using the term too lightly. Because of Germany's history, comparing minor inconveniences to 'Krieg' can sometimes be seen as insensitive, though established metaphors like 'Papierkrieg' are perfectly acceptable. Context and tone are key.

Expanding your vocabulary around 'der Krieg' involves learning synonyms, related concepts, and nuanced alternatives that describe different types or intensities of conflict. While 'Krieg' is the absolute and most severe term for armed conflict, German offers a rich variety of words to describe battles, disputes, and hostilities.

Der Konflikt: A broader term meaning 'conflict'. It can refer to armed conflicts ('bewaffneter Konflikt') but is also widely used for interpersonal, political, or workplace disagreements.

'Der Konflikt' is often preferred in diplomatic or academic language when trying to maintain a neutral tone before a situation escalates to a full-blown 'Krieg'.

Der diplomatische Konflikt könnte in einen Krieg münden.

Another highly relevant word is 'die Schlacht' (the battle). While a 'Krieg' is the overarching war, a 'Schlacht' is a specific, localized military engagement within that war.

Der Kampf: Meaning 'the fight' or 'the struggle'. It is more general than Krieg and can be physical, ideological, or personal.

Der Kampf für den Frieden ist wichtiger als jeder Krieg.

For lesser disputes, words like 'der Streit' (the argument/dispute) or 'die Auseinandersetzung' (the altercation/debate) are used. These rarely involve weapons and are part of everyday social interaction.

Es war nur ein Streit, kein Krieg.

In military contexts, you might also hear 'der Feldzug' (the campaign) or 'die Invasion' (the invasion). An 'Angriff' is an attack, which is often the catalyst for a 'Krieg'.

Das Gefecht: A skirmish or firefight. Smaller in scale than a Schlacht, but still a violent military encounter.

Nach einem kurzen Gefecht begann der eigentliche Krieg.

Die Feindseligkeiten (hostilities) führten zum Krieg.

Understanding these distinctions allows learners to describe conflicts with precision, differentiating between a minor verbal argument, a diplomatic standoff, a localized battle, and a full-scale war.

How Formal Is It?

正式

非正式

俚语

难度评级

需要掌握的语法

按水平分级的例句

Der Krieg ist sehr schlecht.

The war is very bad.

Nominative case, basic 'ist' sentence.

Ich mag keinen Krieg.

I do not like war.

Accusative case with negation 'keinen'.

Krieg und Frieden.

War and peace.

Basic nouns without articles.

Das ist ein Krieg.

That is a war.

Nominative case with indefinite article.

Wir wollen keinen Krieg.

We want no war.

Modal verb 'wollen' with accusative object.

Der Krieg ist aus.

The war is over.

Colloquial use of 'aus' for 'over'.

Wo ist Krieg?

Where is war?

Simple W-question.

Der Krieg macht Angst.

The war causes fear.

Basic verb 'machen' used with an abstract noun.

Der Zweite Weltkrieg endete 1945.

The Second World War ended in 1945.

Präteritum (simple past) of 'enden'.

Mein Opa war im Krieg.

My grandpa was in the war.

Dative case after preposition 'in' (im = in dem).

Nach dem Krieg gab es wenig Essen.

After the war there was little food.

Dative case after preposition 'nach'.

Der Krieg hat viele Häuser zerstört.

The war destroyed many houses.

Perfekt tense (hat zerstört).

Warum gibt es Krieg?

Why is there war?

Use of 'es gibt' (there is/are).

Vor dem Krieg war alles besser.

Before the war everything was better.

Dative case after preposition 'vor'.

Sie haben den Krieg verloren.

They lost the war.

Perfekt tense of 'verlieren' with accusative object.

Der Krieg dauerte viele Jahre.

The war lasted many years.

Präteritum of 'dauern'.

Die Nachrichten berichten jeden Tag über den Krieg.

The news reports about the war every day.

Preposition 'über' with accusative.

Es ist wichtig, dass wir aus dem Krieg lernen.

It is important that we learn from the war.

Subordinate clause with 'dass'.

Viele Menschen fliehen vor dem Krieg in andere Länder.

Many people flee from the war to other countries.

Preposition 'vor' with dative in this context.

Der Präsident hat erklärt, dass das Land keinen Krieg führen wird.

The president declared that the country will not wage war.

Collocation 'Krieg führen' in future tense subordinate clause.

Wegen des Krieges steigen die Preise für Benzin.

Because of the war, gas prices are rising.

Genitive case after preposition 'wegen'.

Die Folgen des Krieges sind noch heute spürbar.

The consequences of the war are still felt today.

Genitive attribute 'des Krieges'.

Er hat ein Buch über seine Erlebnisse im Krieg geschrieben.

He wrote a book about his experiences in the war.

Prepositional phrase 'im Krieg' as an attribute.

Ein Krieg bringt immer Leid und Zerstörung.

A war always brings suffering and destruction.

General statement using indefinite article.

Der Kalte Krieg prägte die internationale Politik für Jahrzehnte.

The Cold War shaped international politics for decades.

Compound noun 'Kalter Krieg' as subject in Präteritum.

Trotz diplomatischer Bemühungen ließ sich der Krieg nicht abwenden.

Despite diplomatic efforts, the war could not be averted.

Reflexive construction 'ließ sich nicht abwenden' (passive alternative).

Die Wirtschaft leidet massiv unter dem anhaltenden Handelskrieg.

The economy is suffering massively under the ongoing trade war.

Compound noun 'Handelskrieg' with present participle adjective 'anhaltend'.

Viele befürchten, dass der regionale Konflikt zu einem globalen Krieg eskalieren könnte.

Many fear that the regional conflict could escalate into a global war.

Subjunctive II (Konjunktiv II) 'könnte' for possibility.

Die Zivilbevölkerung ist im Falle eines Krieges am stärksten gefährdet.

The civilian population is most at risk in the event of a war.

Genitive construction 'im Falle eines Krieges'.

Sie führen einen regelrechten Rosenkrieg vor Gericht.

They are waging a downright war of the roses (bitter divorce) in court.

Metaphorical compound 'Rosenkrieg'.

Der Ausbruch des Krieges kam für viele Beobachter überraschend.

The outbreak of the war came as a surprise to many observers.

Noun phrase 'Ausbruch des Krieges'.

Es bedarf großer Anstrengungen, um die Wunden des Krieges zu heilen.

It takes great effort to heal the wounds of war.

Infinitive clause 'um ... zu heilen'.

Die asymmetrische Kriegsführung hat die traditionelle Definition von Krieg grundlegend verändert.

Asymmetric warfare has fundamentally changed the traditional definition of war.

Complex subject with specialized vocabulary 'Kriegsführung'.

In der historischen Analyse wird oft debattiert, ob es sich um einen gerechten Krieg handelte.

In historical analysis, it is often debated whether it was a just war.

Reflexive verb 'sich handeln um' in Präteritum.

Die traumatischen Erfahrungen des Krieges manifestieren sich oft erst Generationen später.

The traumatic experiences of war often manifest themselves only generations later.

Sophisticated vocabulary 'manifestieren' and genitive attribute.

Der Stellvertreterkrieg in der Region wird durch die Einmischung von Großmächten weiter angefacht.

The proxy war in the region is further fueled by the interference of major powers.

Passive voice 'wird angefacht' with compound 'Stellvertreterkrieg'.

Die Rhetorik des Krieges wird zunehmend instrumentalisiert, um innenpolitische Ziele durchzusetzen.

The rhetoric of war is increasingly instrumentalized to push through domestic political goals.

Passive voice with complex infinitive clause.

Ein nuklearer Krieg hätte unweigerlich die Vernichtung der menschlichen Zivilisation zur Folge.

A nuclear war would inevitably result in the destruction of human civilization.

Konjunktiv II 'hätte ... zur Folge' for hypothetical consequence.

Die Trümmerliteratur der Nachkriegszeit setzt sich intensiv mit der moralischen Schuld des Krieges auseinander.

The rubble literature of the post-war period deals intensively with the moral guilt of the war.

Separable verb 'sich auseinandersetzen mit' in a complex sentence.

Der Übergang von einem Kalten Krieg zu einem heißen Konflikt hing oft am seidenen Faden.

The transition from a Cold War to a hot conflict often hung by a thread.

Idiom 'am seidenen Faden hängen' combined with historical terms.

Die Clausewitzsche Prämisse, dass der Krieg die Fortsetzung der Politik mit anderen Mitteln sei, bleibt ein zentrales Paradigma der Konfliktforschung.

The Clausewitzian premise that war is the continuation of politics by other means remains a central paradigm of conflict research.

Indirect speech using Konjunktiv I 'sei'.

In seinem Spätwerk dekonstruiert der Autor den Kriegsmythos und entlarvt die vermeintliche Heroik als bloße Schimäre.

In his late work, the author deconstructs the myth of war and exposes the supposed heroism as a mere chimera.

Highly academic vocabulary 'dekonstruiert', 'Schimäre'.

Die allgegenwärtige Bellizität im Diskurs zeugt von einer schleichenden Militarisierung, die den Krieg wieder als legitimes Mittel der Diplomatie salonfähig macht.

The omnipresent bellicosity in the discourse testifies to a creeping militarization that makes war socially acceptable again as a legitimate means of diplomacy.

Complex relative clause and advanced vocabulary 'salonfähig'.

Der Zermürbungskrieg an der Frontlinie spiegelte sich in der zunehmenden Apathie der Heimatfront wider.

The war of attrition on the front line was reflected in the increasing apathy of the home front.

Separable verb 'sich widerspiegeln' in Präteritum.

Es ist eine historische Ironie, dass der Präventivkrieg, der den Frieden sichern sollte, den Kontinent in den Abgrund riss.

It is a historical irony that the preventive war, which was supposed to secure peace, dragged the continent into the abyss.

Relative clause within a 'dass' clause.

Die Semantik des Wortes 'Krieg' hat sich im Zeitalter der Cyberangriffe und hybriden Bedrohungen unumkehrbar diversifiziert.

The semantics of the word 'war' have irreversibly diversified in the age of cyber attacks and hybrid threats.

Academic linguistic analysis structure.

Man darf nicht verkennen, dass der Wirtschaftskrieg, obgleich unblutig, verheerende sozioökonomische Verwerfungen nach sich zieht.

One must not fail to recognize that the economic war, although bloodless, entails devastating socioeconomic upheavals.

Concessive clause 'obgleich unblutig' and advanced verb 'nach sich ziehen'.

Die kollektive Amnesie bezüglich der Gräuel des Krieges ebnet den Weg für historische Wiederholungszwänge.

The collective amnesia regarding the atrocities of war paves the way for historical compulsions to repeat.

Psychoanalytical and historical terminology.

常见搭配

Krieg führen

in den Krieg ziehen

den Krieg erklären

ein blutiger Krieg

der Kalte Krieg

der Zweite Weltkrieg

ein Krieg bricht aus

den Krieg verlieren

den Krieg gewinnen

die Folgen des Krieges

常用短语

im Krieg sein

Krieg und Frieden

vor dem Krieg

nach dem Krieg

ein Krieg der Worte

Krieg gegen den Terror

Opfer des Krieges

die Schrecken des Krieges

ein drohender Krieg

den Krieg beenden

容易混淆的词

der Krieg vs der Krieger (the warrior)

der Krieg vs kriegen (colloquial verb for 'to get/receive')

der Krieg vs der Kran (the crane)

习语与表达

容易混淆

der Krieg vs

句型

如何使用

nuances

Can be literal (military) or metaphorical (intense struggle).

formality

Appropriate in all registers.

frequency

Extremely high in news and history contexts.

常见错误

Saying 'das Krieg' instead of 'der Krieg'.
Using 'Krieg machen' instead of 'Krieg führen'.
Forgetting the 's' in compounds like 'Kriegsverbrechen'.
Confusing the noun 'Krieg' with the colloquial verb 'kriegen' (to get).
Mispronouncing the 'ie' as an 'eye' sound instead of a long 'ee'.

小贴士

Use 'führen' not 'machen'

Always use the verb 'führen' when talking about waging war. 'Krieg machen' sounds very wrong to a native speaker. Memorize the chunk 'Krieg führen'.

Capitalization is Key

Never forget to capitalize 'Krieg'. In German, all nouns are capitalized. Writing 'der krieg' is a spelling error.

Long 'ie' Sound

The 'ie' in Krieg is pronounced as a long 'e' sound, like the 'ee' in the English word 'see'. Do not pronounce it like 'eye'.

Learn the Compounds

'Krieg' is a Lego-block word. Learn common compounds like Weltkrieg (world war), Bürgerkrieg (civil war), and Kalter Krieg (Cold War) to rapidly expand your vocabulary.

The Linking 's'

When 'Krieg' is the first part of a compound noun, it usually needs an 's' attached to it. Example: Kriegsende, Kriegsmarine, Kriegsgefangener.

Historical Sensitivity

Be aware that 'Krieg' is a heavy word in Germany due to 20th-century history. Use it respectfully and appropriately in conversation.

Papierkrieg

If you are frustrated with German bureaucracy (which is common!), use the word 'Papierkrieg'. Germans will immediately understand and sympathize with your 'paper war'.

Prepositions of Time

Use 'vor dem Krieg' (before the war), 'während des Krieges' (during the war - genitive!), and 'nach dem Krieg' (after the war).

Look for 'Krieg' in the News

To practice, read the international section of a German news site. You will see 'Krieg' and its compounds frequently, which helps reinforce the vocabulary.

Krieg vs. Frieden

Always learn antonyms together. When you write down 'der Krieg', write down 'der Frieden' right next to it.

记住它

记忆技巧

Imagine a CREEPy (Krieg) battlefield full of soldiers.

词源

文化背景

Despite its heavy meaning, Germans use compounds like 'Papierkrieg' (paper war) to humorously describe their notoriously complex bureaucracy.

Standard across all German-speaking regions, though local dialects might pronounce the final 'g' differently (e.g., as 'ch' in parts of Northern Germany).

Germany's role in the World Wars makes 'Krieg' a sensitive and heavily analyzed topic in education and politics.

在生活中练习

真实语境

对话开场白

"Glaubst du, dass es jemals eine Welt ohne Krieg geben wird?"

"Welche historischen Kriege habt ihr in der Schule am intensivsten behandelt?"

"Wie gehst du mit den ständigen Nachrichten über Krieg um?"

"Was bedeutet der Spruch 'Nie wieder Krieg' für deine Generation?"

"Hast du schon mal einen echten 'Papierkrieg' mit einer Behörde erlebt?"

日记主题

Beschreibe deine Gedanken, wenn du das Wort 'Krieg' in den Nachrichten hörst.

Schreibe über ein Buch oder einen Film, der die Realität des Krieges gut darstellt.

Was sind deiner Meinung nach die Hauptursachen für Kriege in der heutigen Zeit?

Erzähle von einem 'Kleinkrieg' oder Streit, den du erfolgreich friedlich gelöst hast.

Warum ist es wichtig, sich an vergangene Kriege zu erinnern?

常见问题

10 个问题

Yes, because it is a noun in German. All nouns must be capitalized, regardless of where they appear in a sentence. For example: 'Der Krieg ist furchtbar.'

The plural is 'die Kriege'. You simply add an '-e' to the end. There is no umlaut change. For example: 'Es gab viele Kriege.'

Do not translate this literally as 'Krieg machen'. The correct and only natural-sounding phrase in German is 'Krieg führen' (literally: to lead/wage war).

'Kriegen' is a very common colloquial verb meaning 'to get' or 'to receive' (like 'bekommen'). While etymologically related to the idea of striving or struggling to obtain something, in modern German, 'Ich kriege ein Geschenk' just means 'I get a present' and has no violent connotation.

This is called a 'Fugen-s' (linking 's'). It is frequently used in German compound nouns to connect two words, making pronunciation smoother. When 'Krieg' is the first word, it almost always takes this 's'.

A 'Rosenkrieg' (War of the Roses) is a colloquial metaphor used to describe a very bitter, aggressive, and often public divorce or separation between a couple. It comes from the movie 'The War of the Roses'.

You say 'im Krieg'. 'Im' is a contraction of 'in dem' (dative case). For example: 'Mein Großvater war im Krieg.'

The direct opposite is 'der Frieden' (peace). The famous novel by Leo Tolstoy is called 'Krieg und Frieden' in German.

Yes, very often. It is used metaphorically to describe intense competition or struggle, such as a 'Preiskrieg' (price war between supermarkets) or a 'Papierkrieg' (a struggle with bureaucracy).

It is masculine: 'der Krieg'. Therefore, it takes masculine articles and adjective endings, such as 'ein schrecklicher Krieg' (a terrible war).