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A2 noun 10分钟阅读

material

开始练习例句笔记与提示 material 30秒了解

解析 material in your Level:

At the A1 level, 'material' is a simple noun you use to talk about things you need for school or basic tasks. You will mostly use it in the singular form to mean 'supplies'. For example, 'material escolar' means school supplies like pencils and paper. It is a masculine word, so you say 'el material'. You might also use it to ask what something is made of: '¿De qué material es?' (What is it made of?). At this stage, focus on linking 'material' to physical objects you can touch and use in a classroom or at home. It is an easy word because it looks like the English word 'material'. Just remember that in Spanish, it is often used in the singular to describe a whole group of items.

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At the A2 level, you begin to use 'material' in more specific contexts, such as 'material de construcción' (construction material) or 'material de oficina' (office supplies). You should start noticing that 'material' is often followed by 'de' and another noun to describe its purpose. You will also use it to describe the properties of things, like 'material resistente' (strong material) or 'material ligero' (light material). You should be able to distinguish between 'material' (the stuff you use) and 'materia' (a school subject), which is a common mistake at this level. You might also use the plural 'materiales' when talking about different types of substances, such as 'materiales naturales y sintéticos'.

At the B1 level, 'material' starts to appear in more abstract or professional settings. You will hear about 'material didáctico' (teaching materials) or 'material audiovisual' (audio-visual material). You are now expected to use the word in sentences that describe processes, like 'preparar el material para una reunión' (preparing the material for a meeting). You will also encounter the adjective 'material' used to describe physical well-being or possessions, as in 'bienes materiales' (material goods). At this stage, you should feel comfortable using 'material' to refer to both physical substances and collections of resources needed for a hobby, job, or study project.

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At the B2 level, 'material' is used with more precision in technical and formal language. You will encounter terms like 'material sensible' (sensitive material/information), 'material de archivo' (archival material), and 'material probatorio' (evidence). You should understand the nuances of using 'material' in legal, journalistic, and scientific contexts. At this level, you can discuss the 'materialidad' (materiality) of an object or an idea. You also start to use 'material' in idiomatic ways or in complex grammatical structures, such as 'material de primera' (top-quality material). You are expected to distinguish 'material' from more specific synonyms like 'insumos', 'suministros', or 'materia prima' depending on the professional field.

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At the C1 level, you use 'material' to discuss complex philosophical or socio-economic concepts. You might analyze 'materialismo histórico' or discuss the 'material base' of a society. The word is used to explore the relationship between the physical and the abstract. You will use 'material' in highly specific professional jargon, such as 'material refractario' in engineering or 'material genético' in biology. Your usage should reflect an understanding of the word's subtle connotations in literature and high-level discourse, where 'material' might refer to the raw data of an experience or the foundational elements of a theory. You can switch effortlessly between the noun and adjective forms in formal writing.

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At the C2 level, your command of 'material' is indistinguishable from a native speaker's. You use it in nuanced rhetorical ways, perhaps using it metaphorically to describe the 'material' of a person's character or the 'material' of a dream. You are aware of rare technical uses and historical etymological connections. You can use 'material' in legal briefs, academic papers, or literary critiques with perfect collocations and register. You understand the difference between 'material' and 'sustancia' in metaphysical debates and can use the word to navigate the most complex linguistic environments, from specialized scientific research to high-level political analysis, always choosing the exact term for the context.

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开始练习例句笔记与提示

material 30秒了解

Material means physical substance or collective supplies (like school gear).
It is a masculine noun: el material (singular), los materiales (plural).
Commonly used in phrases like 'material de oficina' or 'material escolar'.
Be careful not to confuse it with 'materia' (academic subject).

The Spanish word material is a remarkably versatile noun that English speakers will find comforting due to its status as a cognate. At its most fundamental level, it refers to the physical matter from which something is constructed or created. However, in Spanish, its application stretches across various domains, from the tangible bricks and mortar of a construction site to the abstract resources used in a classroom or a legal case. Understanding 'material' requires recognizing whether it is being used to describe a specific substance (like wood or plastic) or a collection of tools and resources (like school supplies). In everyday conversation, you will encounter it frequently when discussing DIY projects, office supplies, or even the 'raw material' of a story or film.

Physical Substance: Refers to the specific type of matter, such as 'material sintético' (synthetic material) or 'material de construcción' (construction material).

Este mueble está hecho de un material muy resistente y duradero.

In a professional or academic setting, 'material' often shifts into a collective noun. For instance, 'material didáctico' encompasses all the books, slides, and handouts a teacher uses. In the world of journalism or law, 'material sensible' refers to classified or delicate information. It is crucial to note that while in English we might say 'materials' (plural) to refer to supplies, Spanish often uses the singular 'material' to refer to a set of items, such as 'material de oficina' (office supplies/material). This collective usage is a subtle nuance that marks a higher level of fluency.

Collective Resource: A set of tools or elements necessary for a specific activity, such as 'material deportivo' (sports equipment).

El material de laboratorio debe ser esterilizado después de cada uso.

Furthermore, 'material' can be used in a more philosophical or scientific context to distinguish the physical world from the spiritual or theoretical. In Marxism or historical analysis, 'materialismo' stems from this root, emphasizing the physical conditions of existence. In modern tech, we talk about 'material' in terms of hardware or physical components vs software. Whether you are buying fabric for a dress or gathering evidence for a trial, 'material' is your go-to word for the 'stuff' involved.

Qualitative Description: Used to describe the quality or nature of a thing, often in the phrase 'material de primera' (top-quality material).

Necesitamos recolectar más material para el documental sobre la selva.

Using 'material' correctly in Spanish involves understanding its grammatical role as a masculine noun. It follows standard gender rules: 'el material' (singular) and 'los materiales' (plural). When used as a mass noun, like 'material de construcción', it remains singular even if referring to a truckload of different items. This is a common point of confusion for English speakers who might want to pluralize it to 'materials'. If you are referring to different *types* of substances, the plural 'materiales' is appropriate, such as 'los diferentes materiales usados en la escultura' (the different materials used in the sculpture).

As a Direct Object: Commonly used with verbs like 'comprar' (to buy), 'traer' (to bring), or 'preparar' (to prepare).

Mañana traeré el material necesario para la clase de arte.

Adjectives usually follow the noun 'material'. Because it is masculine, the adjectives must agree in gender and number. Examples include 'material reciclado' (recycled material), 'material pesado' (heavy material), and 'materiales biodegradables' (biodegradable materials). In technical contexts, you might see 'material' followed by 'de' + another noun to specify its purpose, such as 'material de limpieza' (cleaning supplies) or 'material de oficina' (office supplies). This 'material de [purpose]' structure is the most common way to categorize items in Spanish inventory or shopping lists.

Specifying Composition: Using 'de' to describe what something is made of: '¿De qué material es esta mesa?' (What material is this table made of?).

¿Han revisado si el material de seguridad está en buen estado?

In more advanced usage, 'material' can function as an adjective itself, though this is less common than the noun form. For example, 'bienestar material' (material well-being). In this case, it describes something relating to physical possessions rather than spiritual or emotional states. When used this way, it remains 'material' for both masculine and feminine nouns (e.g., 'posesión material', 'bien material') because adjectives ending in '-al' are typically gender-neutral in their form. Mastery of these patterns allows you to discuss everything from home renovation to socioeconomic status with precision.

The Adjectival Use: Relating to physical matter or possessions: 'No me interesan las cosas materiales'.

La policía confiscó el material robado en el almacén.

If you step onto a construction site in Mexico City or Madrid, 'material' is a word you will hear shouted constantly. It is the shorthand for the bricks, cement, and rebar arriving on trucks. Workers will ask, '¿Dónde pongo el material?' (Where do I put the material?). In this high-energy environment, the word is concrete and functional. Similarly, in the world of education, from primary schools to universities, 'material escolar' or 'material didáctico' is the standard way to refer to textbooks, notebooks, and digital resources. At the start of the school year, shops are filled with signs for 'ofertas en material escolar'.

Construction Context: Refers to raw building supplies like sand, gravel, and timber.

El camión de material llegará a las ocho de la mañana.

In the media, 'material' takes on a more abstract but equally common meaning. News anchors might mention 'material inédito' (unseen footage) or 'material de archivo' (archival footage) when presenting a story. In the legal and police world, you'll hear about 'material probatorio' (evidence) or 'material incautado' (seized material). These phrases are common in crime dramas and news reports, where the word 'material' acts as a formal way to describe physical evidence that could influence a case. It sounds more professional and clinical than 'cosas' (things).

Media and Legal: Refers to evidence, footage, or documentation used in professional investigations.

El juez analizó el material audiovisual antes de dar el veredicto.

In the creative arts, 'material' is what an artist works with. A sculptor might talk about their 'material preferido' (preferred material) being marble or bronze. A musician might refer to their 'nuevo material' when talking about a recently recorded album or a set of new songs. Even in comedy, a stand-up comedian will refer to their jokes as their 'material'. This usage mirrors English closely, making it an easy bridge for learners to express their creative endeavors in Spanish. Whether in a shop, a courtroom, or a concert hall, 'material' is the substance of the conversation.

Creative Arts: Refers to the physical media or the content (songs, jokes) an artist produces.

La banda está ensayando su nuevo material para la gira mundial.

The most frequent mistake English speakers make with 'material' is confusing it with the word materia. While they look similar and share a root, they are not interchangeable in many contexts. 'Materia' usually refers to 'matter' in a scientific sense (physics) or 'subject' in an academic sense (like Math or History). If you say 'Mi material favorita es la historia', you are saying 'My favorite equipment is history', which makes no sense. You must say 'Mi materia favorita es la historia'. 'Material' is for the physical tools or substances, while 'materia' is for the abstract subject or the scientific concept of matter.

Material vs. Materia: Material = Equipment/Substance. Materia = School Subject/Scientific Matter.

Incorrecto: Tengo mucho materia escolar.
Correcto: Tengo mucho material escolar.

Another common error is the over-pluralization of 'material'. In English, we often say 'I need to buy some materials for the project'. In Spanish, while 'materiales' is possible if you mean distinct types of matter, it is much more natural to use the singular 'material' as a collective noun. Saying 'Necesito materiales de oficina' sounds slightly less native than 'Necesito material de oficina'. Think of 'material' in this sense like the English word 'equipment'—you wouldn't usually say 'equipments'. Stick to the singular for general supplies to sound more natural.

Collective Singular: Use 'el material' to refer to a set of items (supplies/gear).

La materia prima es esencial para la fabricación del producto.

Lastly, be careful with the preposition 'de'. Learners often try to translate 'materialistic' directly as a noun, but in Spanish, 'materialista' is the adjective for a person. If you want to say 'He is very materialistic', say 'Él es muy materialista'. Don't confuse it with 'Él es muy material', which would imply he is made of physical matter (which is obvious and weird to say). Understanding these distinctions prevents the 'Spanglish' errors that often plague intermediate learners as they try to map English concepts directly onto Spanish cognates.

Material vs. Materialista: Material = Physical substance. Materialista = A person who values possessions.

Esta tela (not material) es seda pura.

While 'material' is a great all-purpose word, Spanish offers more specific alternatives depending on the context. If you are talking about the basic, unprocessed stuff things are made of, materia prima is the technical term for 'raw material'. In a business or industrial setting, you might hear insumos, which refers to the inputs or supplies needed for production. If you are at a construction site, workers might specifically refer to obra or suministros. Knowing these synonyms helps you sound more professional and precise.

Material vs. Insumos: 'Material' is general. 'Insumos' is specific to business/production inputs.

Los insumos para la fábrica han subido de precio.

In the context of fabric and textiles, Spanish speakers almost always prefer tela or tejido. While you can say 'el material de la camisa', saying 'la tela de la camisa' is much more natural. Similarly, for tools or equipment, equipo, herramientas, or utensilios are often better choices. If you are talking about 'resources' in a broader sense (like human resources or money), use recursos. 'Material' specifically implies something physical or a set of objects used for a task.

Material vs. Tela: Use 'material' for construction/supplies. Use 'tela' for clothing/fabric.

¿Qué sustancia química se usó en este experimento?

Finally, consider artículos or objetos. When you are talking about 'office materials', you could also say 'artículos de oficina'. In a museum, you see 'objetos históricos' rather than 'material histórico' (unless referring to the research material). The choice depends on whether you want to emphasize the *substance* (material), the *utility* (equipo/insumos), or the *individual item* (artículo/objeto). By varying your vocabulary, you demonstrate a deeper understanding of the Spanish language's descriptive richness.

Material vs. Recursos: 'Material' is physical. 'Recursos' can be physical, financial, or human.

El instrumental médico debe estar impecable.

How Formal Is It?

正式

中性

非正式

Child friendly

俚语

趣味小知识

The Latin root 'materia' originally referred to the 'heartwood' of a tree, which was the most useful part for building.

发音指南

UK məˈtɪəriəl

US məˈtɪriəl

The Spanish stress is on the last syllable: ma-te-RIAL.

押韵词

final portal metal canal real ideal local total

常见错误

Stressing the second syllable (English style) instead of the last.
Pronouncing the 't' with a puff of air (aspiration). In Spanish, it's soft.
Pronouncing the 'ia' as two distinct syllables instead of a diphthong.

难度评级

阅读 1/5

Easy cognate, appears frequently in texts.

写作 2/5

Must remember it is masculine and often singular.

口语 2/5

Watch the stress on the last syllable (ma-te-RIAL).

听力 1/5

Easy to recognize in conversation.

接下来学什么

前置知识

cosa hacer nuevo de el

接下来学习

herramienta equipo insumo sustancia materia

高级

materialismo materialidad incautar probatorio refractario

需要掌握的语法

Nouns ending in -al are usually masculine.

El material, el metal, el canal.

Collective nouns can be used in singular to represent a set.

El material de oficina (all the pens, paper, etc.).

Adjectives ending in -al do not change for gender.

Un bien material, una posesión material.

Pluralization of words ending in -al adds -es.

Material -> Materiales.

Use 'de' to describe the substance an object is made of.

Una mesa de material plástico.

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按水平分级的例句

Necesito comprar material escolar.

I need to buy school supplies.

Material is singular here to represent a collective group of supplies.

El material es de plástico.

The material is plastic.

Used with the verb 'ser' to describe composition.

¿Tienes el material para la clase?

Do you have the material for the class?

Common question in a school setting.

Este material es muy suave.

This material is very soft.

Adjective 'suave' follows the masculine noun 'material'.

Busco material de oficina.

I am looking for office supplies.

'De oficina' specifies the type of material.

El material no es caro.

The material is not expensive.

Negative sentence structure.

Pongo el material en la mesa.

I put the material on the table.

Using 'el material' as a direct object.

Es un material nuevo.

It is a new material.

Indefinite article 'un' with masculine noun.

Compramos material de construcción para la casa.

We bought construction material for the house.

Collective singular usage.

El material reciclado es mejor para el planeta.

Recycled material is better for the planet.

Adjective 'reciclado' agrees with 'material'.

¿De qué material está hecho este juguete?

What material is this toy made of?

Standard phrase for asking about composition.

No tenemos suficiente material para terminar.

We don't have enough material to finish.

'Suficiente' modifies 'material'.

El material de este abrigo es lana.

The material of this coat is wool.

Using 'de' to specify the substance.

Guardamos los materiales en el garaje.

We keep the materials in the garage.

Plural 'materiales' used for different types of items.

Es un material muy resistente al calor.

It is a very heat-resistant material.

Complex adjective phrase 'resistente al calor'.

Necesitas material deportivo para el gimnasio.

You need sports equipment for the gym.

'Deportivo' functions as the adjective.

El profesor preparó material didáctico muy útil.

The teacher prepared very useful teaching material.

'Didáctico' is a common collocation.

Estamos revisando el material audiovisual del proyecto.

We are reviewing the project's audiovisual material.

Refers to videos, photos, or recordings.

No me importa el éxito material, prefiero ser feliz.

I don't care about material success; I prefer to be happy.

'Material' here is an adjective meaning 'relating to possessions'.

El material de referencia está en la biblioteca.

The reference material is in the library.

'De referencia' specifies the function.

Ese material es inflamable, ten cuidado.

That material is flammable; be careful.

Safety context.

La empresa donó material informático a la escuela.

The company donated computer equipment to the school.

'Informático' refers to IT/computers.

El material de la entrevista fue editado.

The interview material was edited.

Refers to the recorded content.

Es difícil encontrar material de lectura en este idioma.

It is difficult to find reading material in this language.

'De lectura' means 'for reading'.

El juez desestimó el material probatorio por falta de rigor.

The judge dismissed the evidence due to a lack of rigor.

Formal legal term: 'material probatorio'.

Se filtró material sensible de la reunión del gobierno.

Sensitive material from the government meeting was leaked.

'Material sensible' refers to confidential info.

El documental incluye material de archivo inédito.

The documentary includes unseen archival material.

'Inédito' means previously unpublished/unseen.

Este material sintético imita perfectamente la piel.

This synthetic material perfectly imitates leather.

Technical description of a substance.

La investigación requiere mucho material bibliográfico.

The research requires a lot of bibliographic material.

Formal academic context.

El material genético se conserva en nitrógeno líquido.

Genetic material is preserved in liquid nitrogen.

Scientific term: 'material genético'.

No hay base material para sustentar esa teoría.

There is no material basis to support that theory.

Abstract use of 'material' as an adjective.

El material quirúrgico debe estar perfectamente esterilizado.

Surgical instruments must be perfectly sterilized.

Medical context.

El materialismo dialéctico es una corriente filosófica compleja.

Dialectical materialism is a complex philosophical current.

Derived noun 'materialismo'.

La obra carece de material sustancial para ser publicada.

The work lacks substantial material to be published.

Refers to the quality and depth of content.

Analizaron la materialidad de la pintura para verificar su autenticidad.

They analyzed the materiality of the painting to verify its authenticity.

Noun 'materialidad' refers to physical properties.

El material refractario se utiliza en hornos de alta temperatura.

Refractory material is used in high-temperature furnaces.

Highly specific engineering term.

Existe una brecha material significativa entre las clases sociales.

There is a significant material gap between social classes.

Refers to economic and physical resources.

El autor utiliza sus vivencias como material narrativo.

The author uses his experiences as narrative material.

Metaphorical use of 'material'.

Se requiere material de alta gama para esta producción cinematográfica.

High-end equipment is required for this film production.

'Alta gama' means high-end/premium.

La policía incautó material de propaganda ilegal.

The police seized illegal propaganda material.

Formal term: 'incautar' (to seize).

La precariedad material condiciona el desarrollo cognitivo infantil.

Material precariousness conditions child cognitive development.

High-level academic/sociological usage.

El cosmos está compuesto de material estelar en constante expansión.

The cosmos is composed of stellar material in constant expansion.

Scientific/Poetic usage.

Su discurso fue tildado de materialista y carente de ética.

His speech was labeled materialistic and lacking in ethics.

Adjective 'materialista' describing a person's values.

La investigación arrojó material de valor incalculable para la historia.

The research yielded material of incalculable value for history.

Idiomatic 'de valor incalculable'.

Es imperativo renovar el material rodante de la red ferroviaria.

It is imperative to renew the rolling stock of the railway network.

Technical term: 'material rodante' (trains/rolling stock).

El material particulado en el aire afecta la salud respiratoria.

Particulate matter in the air affects respiratory health.

Environmental science term: 'material particulado'.

La desmaterialización de la economía es una tendencia global.

The dematerialization of the economy is a global trend.

Abstract economic concept.

El artista juega con la materialidad del vacío en su escultura.

The artist plays with the materiality of the void in his sculpture.

Sophisticated art criticism.

常见搭配

material escolar

material de construcción

material de oficina

material sensible

material didáctico

material reciclado

material audiovisual

material genético

material de archivo

material deportivo

常用短语

material de primera

— Something of excellent quality.

Este cuero es material de primera.

material de desecho

— Waste or scrap material.

Hicieron arte con material de desecho.

material de lectura

— Things to read (books, magazines).

Traje material de lectura para el viaje.

material de apoyo

— Support materials (help for a task).

Usa este material de apoyo para estudiar.

material bélico

— War material or weaponry.

El país exporta material bélico.

material inflamable

— Substances that catch fire easily.

No fumes cerca de material inflamable.

material aislante

— Insulating material.

Pusieron material aislante en las paredes.

material quirúrgico

— Surgical instruments.

El material quirúrgico está listo.

material de referencia

— Reference materials like dictionaries.

Consulta el material de referencia.

material informativo

— Informational flyers or brochures.

Repartieron material informativo.

容易混淆的词

material vs materia

Materia is for school subjects or general 'matter'. Material is for tools/supplies.

material vs tela

Tela is specifically for fabric. Use it instead of material when talking about clothes.

material vs equipo

Equipo is for machines or a set of tools. Material is more for the substances or supplies.

习语与表达

"tener madera de (material)"

— To have the 'stuff' or talent for something.

Él tiene madera de líder.

Informal

"cortados por el mismo patrón"

— Made of the same material (metaphorically); very similar.

Esos dos están cortados por el mismo patrón.

Informal

"bienes materiales"

— Physical possessions.

No me importan los bienes materiales.

Neutral

"material de sobra"

— More than enough stuff/content.

Tenemos material de sobra para el libro.

Neutral

"material de relleno"

— Filler content (not useful).

Ese capítulo es puro material de relleno.

Informal

"material de exportación"

— Something so good it should be exported.

Ese jugador es material de exportación.

Journalistic

"material sensible"

— Used idiomatically for delicate topics.

Cuidado, estamos tocando material sensible.

Neutral

"material para el recuerdo"

— Memorable moments or items.

Estas fotos son material para el recuerdo.

Poetic

"material de desecho"

— Sometimes used for people who are cast aside (harsh).

Me trataron como material de desecho.

Slang/Harsh

"material de primera mano"

— First-hand information or resources.

Es material de primera mano.

Journalistic

容易混淆

material vs materia

They look similar and both mean 'matter' in some contexts.

Materia is abstract or scientific (subject, matter); Material is concrete or functional (supplies, substance).

La física es mi materia favorita. El acero es un material fuerte.

material vs materialista

It's the adjective form but used for people.

Material refers to the stuff; Materialista refers to a person who loves possessions.

Él es muy materialista.

material vs insumo

Both refer to supplies.

Insumo is used in business/economics (inputs). Material is more general.

Los insumos de la fábrica.

material vs sustancia

Both refer to what something is made of.

Sustancia is chemical/liquid; Material is usually solid/construction-related.

Una sustancia tóxica.

material vs recurso

Both mean things you use.

Recurso can be money or people; Material is always physical things.

Recursos humanos.

句型

Necesito [material].

Necesito material escolar.

El material es [adjective].

El material es muy fuerte.

Es un material de [purpose].

Es un material de apoyo.

Se trata de material [adjective].

Se trata de material sensible.

La materialidad de [noun] es [adjective].

La materialidad de la escultura es impresionante.

[Noun] carece de base material.

Su argumento carece de base material.

¿De qué material es [object]?

¿De qué material es tu silla?

Traer todo el material para [activity].

Trae todo el material para la excursión.

词族

名词

动词

形容词

如何使用

frequency

Extremely common in daily life, work, and media.

常见错误

Mi material favorita es el arte. → Mi materia favorita es el arte.
You must use 'materia' for school subjects. 'Material' refers to the supplies used in the subject.
Necesito comprar materiales escolares. → Necesito comprar material escolar.
While not strictly wrong, the singular 'material' is much more natural for a set of supplies.
El material está hecha de madera. → El material está hecho de madera.
'Material' is masculine, so the past participle 'hecho' must also be masculine.
Me gusta la materia de esta camisa. → Me gusta el material (or tela) de esta camisa.
'Materia' is for abstract matter or subjects; 'material' is for physical substance.
Es un materialista objeto. → Es un objeto material.
'Materialista' is for people; 'material' is the adjective for objects.

小贴士

Singular vs. Plural

Use 'el material' for a set of tools/supplies. Use 'los materiales' when discussing different types of substances (e.g., 'materiales como el hierro y el cobre').

The 'De' Rule

Always use 'material de' + [purpose] to specify what the supplies are for. Examples: material de oficina, material de limpieza, material de costura.

Subject Confusion

Never use 'material' for school subjects. 'Math is my favorite material' is a classic mistake. Use 'materia' for subjects.

Emphasis

The accent is on the last syllable. Say it like 'ma-te-ree-AL'. Don't say 'ma-TE-ree-al' like in English.

Materia Prima

Memorize 'materia prima' as a fixed phrase for 'raw material'. It's one of the few times 'materia' is used for a physical substance in daily life.

Construction Sites

If you are around construction, 'el material' usually refers specifically to sand, cement, and bricks.

Audiovisual

In the digital age, 'material' is the standard word for video and audio content. 'Tengo mucho material para editar' means 'I have a lot of footage to edit'.

Materialism

The adjective 'material' is used to contrast with 'espiritual'. 'Deseos materiales' refers to wanting physical things.

Inflammable

Look out for 'material inflamable' signs. It means the substance catches fire easily. In Spanish, 'inflamable' and 'flamable' mean the same thing.

De Primera

Add 'de primera' to 'material' to indicate high quality. 'Es un material de primera' is a great way to show you appreciate quality.

记住它

记忆技巧

Think of the 'material' in a 'material girl' (Madonna song) - she wants the physical stuff, the 'material'.

视觉联想

Imagine a big truck (camión) dumping a load of bricks (material) at a school (escolar).

Word Web

construcción oficina escolar didáctico reciclado pesado ligero audiovisual

挑战

Try to name 5 different types of 'material' you can find in your room right now (e.g., material de lectura, material de oficina).

词源

From the Latin 'materialis', meaning 'belonging to matter'. It is derived from 'materia' (matter/wood).

原始含义： Relating to matter or the physical world.

Romance (Latin root)

文化背景

No specific sensitivities, but avoid calling people 'material de desecho' (trash/waste).

English speakers often say 'materials' (plural) for supplies, while Spanish speakers prefer 'material' (singular).

Materialismo histórico (Marxist theory) Material Girl (Madonna song - translated concepts) Material de archivo (Common in Spanish documentaries)

在生活中练习

真实语境

School

material escolar
material didáctico
lista de material
traer el material

Construction

material de construcción
material pesado
descargar el material
costo del material

Office

material de oficina
pedir material
armario del material
material consumible

Media

material audiovisual
material de archivo
material inédito
grabar material

Science

material genético
material de laboratorio
material sintético
propiedades del material

对话开场白

"¿Qué material prefieres para trabajar, el papel o la computadora?"

"¿Es difícil conseguir material de construcción en tu ciudad?"

"¿Qué material escolar era tu favorito cuando eras niño?"

"¿Crees que el éxito material es lo más importante en la vida?"

"¿Has usado alguna vez material reciclado para hacer algo nuevo?"

日记主题

Describe los materiales que hay en tu habitación y de qué están hechos.

Escribe sobre una vez que te faltó el material necesario para una tarea importante.

¿Cuál es tu opinión sobre el materialismo en la sociedad moderna?

Imagina que eres un arquitecto. ¿Qué materiales usarías para construir tu casa ideal?

Haz una lista del material que necesitarías para empezar un nuevo pasatiempo.

常见问题

10 个问题

It is masculine: 'el material'. You should always use masculine articles and adjectives with it, like 'el material nuevo' or 'un material resistente'.

While grammatically possible, it is much more common and natural to say 'material escolar' in the singular. This treats the supplies as one collective group.

Use 'materia' for school subjects (history, math) or the scientific concept of matter. Use 'material' for physical items like bricks, pencils, or wood.

The standard phrase is 'materia prima'. Note that it uses 'materia' instead of 'material'. This is a very important exception to learn.

Yes, but 'tela' is much more common. You might say 'el material de la falda', but 'la tela de la falda' sounds more natural to a native speaker.

It means something is of the highest quality. It's a common idiom used for everything from construction supplies to leather or even sports players.

You say 'material didáctico'. This includes books, worksheets, slides, and any other tools a teacher uses to help students learn.

Yes, the formal term is 'material probatorio'. You will also hear 'material incautado' for items the police have seized during an investigation.

It refers to sensitive or confidential information, often used in government, legal, or journalistic contexts.

Yes! It means 'relating to the physical world'. For example, 'bienestar material' (material well-being). It does not change for gender, only for number (materiales).

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