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B1 noun 11分钟阅读

prestación

开始练习例句笔记与提示 prestación 30秒了解

解析 prestación in your Level:

At the A1 level, you don't need to use the word 'prestación' often, but you might see it on signs or in simple news. Think of it simply as 'help' or 'money from the government'. If you lose your job in a Spanish-speaking country, you might hear about 'la prestación'. At this stage, just remember that it is a formal word for 'benefit'. It is a feminine noun, so we say 'la prestación'. You might see it in a list of job benefits, like 'prestaciones' (plural), which just means the extra things a job gives you besides money, like health insurance. Don't worry about the complex legal meanings yet. Just know that 'prestación' usually equals 'official help' or 'official service'. If you are shopping for a phone, you might see 'prestaciones' in the description—here it just means the 'features' or 'how good it is'. It's a big word for a simple idea: what something provides to you.

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By A2, you should recognize 'prestación' as a key word in the context of work and government. You might learn about 'la prestación por desempleo' (unemployment benefit) when talking about society or jobs. It's more formal than 'ayuda' (help). When you are at an office, they will use this word. You should also start to see it in the plural, 'prestaciones', when looking at product reviews. For example, 'Este coche tiene buenas prestaciones'. This means the car is powerful and has good features. It's important to start distinguishing it from 'préstamo' (loan). Remember: 'prestación' is a benefit you get, 'préstamo' is money you borrow and must pay back. You will mostly hear it in formal situations, news, or when reading technical specifications of gadgets. It’s a useful word to know for basic administrative tasks.

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At the B1 level, you are expected to use 'prestación' correctly in discussions about the labor market, social issues, and consumer choices. You should understand that 'la prestación' is often a right you have as a citizen or worker. You should be comfortable using verbs like 'solicitar' (to apply for) or 'recibir' (to receive) with it. For instance, 'He solicitado la prestación porque estoy en paro.' You also need to understand the plural 'prestaciones' in the context of 'employee benefits'. When comparing jobs, you might say, 'Esta empresa ofrece mejores prestaciones sociales.' Additionally, you should recognize 'prestación de servicios' as a common phrase in contracts or business. At this level, you are moving beyond simple definitions and starting to see how the word functions in professional and technical Spanish. It’s a hallmark of a more mature vocabulary.

At B2, you should have a nuanced understanding of 'prestación'. You should know the difference between 'prestación contributiva' (based on your social security contributions) and 'prestación no contributiva' (welfare for those who haven't contributed enough). You will encounter this word in complex texts about economics, law, and politics. You should be able to use it to describe the technical performance of high-end machinery or software with precision. For example, discussing the 'prestaciones de un motor híbrido'. You should also understand its legal weight: in a contract, 'la prestación' is the specific action one party is obligated to perform. You should be able to use it in formal writing and debates about the welfare state or corporate responsibility. It is no longer just a 'benefit' but a technical term for 'provision' or 'performance'.

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At the C1 level, you should be able to use 'prestación' with total precision in legal, technical, and academic contexts. You understand the 'teoría de la prestación' in contract law—the idea of what is owed between parties (dar, hacer o no hacer). You can discuss the 'prestación de servicios públicos' in the context of political science or urban planning. Your vocabulary should include collocations like 'prestación pecuniaria' (monetary benefit) or 'prestación accesoria'. You can analyze how 'prestaciones' (performance) affects consumer behavior in high-tech markets. You should also be aware of regional variations in how the word is used across the Spanish-speaking world. In a C1 essay, you might write about the 'erosión de las prestaciones sociales en la era de la globalización'. The word is now a versatile tool in your linguistic arsenal for expressing complex social and technical concepts.

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At the C2 level, you possess a native-like grasp of 'prestación' and all its subtle legal and philosophical implications. You can navigate the most complex administrative laws where 'prestaciones' are defined with extreme specificity. You understand the etymological roots (from 'praestare') and how that history informs its modern usage in both law (to stand before/guarantee) and performance. You can use the word in sophisticated literary or academic discourse, perhaps discussing the 'prestación del consentimiento' in bioethics or the 'prestación personal' in historical contexts (like mandatory service). You are comfortable with the most obscure collocations and can distinguish between 'prestaciones' and 'rendimientos' in a highly technical engineering report. For you, 'prestación' is a precise instrument used to describe the intricate web of obligations, services, and capabilities that define modern society and technology.

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开始练习例句笔记与提示

prestación 30秒了解

Prestación is a formal Spanish noun meaning 'benefit', 'allowance', or 'service provision'.
It is feminine (la prestación) and its plural (las prestaciones) often means 'performance' or 'features'.
It is most commonly used in the context of social security, unemployment benefits, and legal contracts.
Avoid confusing it with 'préstamo' (loan), as a prestación does not need to be repaid.

The Spanish word prestación is a multifaceted noun that English speakers often find challenging because it maps to several distinct English concepts depending on the context. At its core, it refers to the act of providing something or the thing provided itself. In everyday Spanish life, especially in Spain and many Latin American countries, the most frequent use relates to social security and government assistance. When a citizen is out of work, they receive a prestación por desempleo (unemployment benefit). This isn't just 'money'; it is a structured provision from the state. However, the word extends far beyond the bank account. In a legal or business context, prestación de servicios refers to the actual delivery of services agreed upon in a contract. If a consultant provides advice, that act is a prestación. Furthermore, in the world of technology and engineering, the plural form prestaciones is used to describe the features, specifications, or performance capabilities of a machine, such as a car's engine or a computer's processor. You might hear a car reviewer say the vehicle has 'excelentes prestaciones,' meaning it performs exceptionally well in terms of speed, handling, and efficiency.

Social Context: In the realm of public administration, it refers to the financial aid or services provided by the state to individuals in specific situations such as retirement, illness, or unemployment. It is the backbone of the welfare state.
Legal Context: It denotes the object of an obligation; what a debtor must do for a creditor. This can be giving something, doing something, or refraining from doing something.
Technical Context: Used primarily in the plural (prestaciones), it refers to the technical characteristics or performance metrics of a product, like the battery life or processing speed of a smartphone.

El trabajador tiene derecho a una prestación por incapacidad temporal tras su accidente laboral.

Este nuevo modelo de ordenador ofrece unas prestaciones muy superiores a las del año pasado.

La prestación de servicios de consultoría es el núcleo de nuestro negocio.

Solicité la prestación contributiva después de que mi contrato terminara.

La seguridad social gestiona cada prestación económica de forma individualizada.

Economic Aid: In the context of the 'paro' (unemployment), it is the official term for the money received. It is often contrasted with 'subsidio', which is usually a smaller amount for those who don't qualify for the full 'prestación'.

Understanding 'prestación' requires looking at the surrounding words. If you see 'pública', think government welfare. If you see 'de servicios', think business contracts. If you see 'técnica', think product quality. It is a word that bridges the gap between the generosity of the state, the obligations of a contract, and the efficiency of a machine. For a B1 learner, mastering the 'benefit' meaning is the priority, while recognizing the 'performance' meaning in shopping or technical contexts is the next step toward fluency. The word carries a certain level of formality; you wouldn't use it to describe a small favor between friends, but rather a formal arrangement or a measurable quality.

Using prestación correctly involves understanding its grammatical gender—it is feminine (la prestación)—and the specific verbs it commonly pairs with. Because it often refers to a right or a formal service, verbs like solicitar (to apply for/request), percibir (to receive/collect), and conceder (to grant) are its most frequent companions. For example, if you lose your job, you would say, 'Voy a solicitar la prestación por desempleo.' If the government approves it, they conceden la prestación. Once you start getting the money, you percibes the prestación.

Verbs of Action: Solicitar (to apply), Reconocer (to acknowledge/approve), Denegar (to deny), Suspender (to suspend), Reanudar (to resume).

La administración decidió denegar la prestación por falta de documentación.

When discussing the technical performance of a product, the word is almost always used in the plural. You might compare two phones by saying, 'El iPhone tiene mejores prestaciones que este modelo más barato.' Here, it translates to 'features' or 'capabilities.' It's important not to confuse this with 'características' (characteristics). While they are similar, 'prestaciones' implies how those characteristics translate into actual performance or utility for the user. In the plural, prestaciones sociales refers to the whole suite of benefits provided by a company or state. A job offer might list 'atractivas prestaciones sociales' like health insurance or a pension plan. In this case, it is synonymous with 'benefits package' in English.

Common Adjectives: Económica (financial), Contributiva (based on contributions), Asistencial (welfare-based), Básica (basic), Máxima (maximum).

La prestación contributiva depende de cuánto hayas cotizado a la seguridad social.

¿Cuáles son las prestaciones de este vehículo en terrenos difíciles?

La empresa ofrece excelentes prestaciones a sus empleados de alto nivel.

Another nuance is the 'prestación de servicios'. In a contract, you might see a clause titled 'Objeto de la prestación'. This defines exactly what the professional is going to do. It's a formal way of saying 'scope of work'. If you are a freelancer in Spain, you are often involved in the 'prestación de servicios profesionales'. This use is very common in legal and bureaucratic paperwork. Using 'prestación' correctly marks you as a speaker who understands the formal structures of Spanish-speaking societies, whether in the labor market, the legal system, or the consumer tech world.

You will encounter prestación in several specific environments. First and foremost is the Oficina de Empleo (Employment Office). If you are in Spain, you will hear people talking about 'el paro' (unemployment), but when they speak to an official, they use the word 'prestación'. It’s the difference between saying 'the money I get' and 'my benefit entitlement'. Second, you will hear it in News Broadcasts. Economists and politicians frequently debate the 'sostenibilidad de las prestaciones' (sustainability of benefits), especially regarding pensions and healthcare. When the government announces a new social program, 'prestación' is the keyword.

HR & Job Interviews: '¿Qué prestaciones ofrece la empresa?' is a standard question about the benefits package. It covers things like private health insurance, gym memberships, or childcare vouchers.

El telediario informó sobre la nueva prestación para familias vulnerables.

Third, you will find it in Tech Reviews and Car Dealerships. If you are reading a magazine like 'Autopista' or a tech blog like 'Xataka', the word 'prestaciones' will appear constantly to describe how fast a car goes or how powerful a computer is. It is the professional term for 'performance'. A salesperson might say, 'Este coche tiene las mejores prestaciones de su segmento,' meaning it’s the best performer in its class. Fourth, in Legal and Administrative Documents. Any contract you sign in a Spanish-speaking country for services (internet, electricity, consulting) will mention the 'prestación del servicio'. It defines the delivery of what you are paying for.

El contrato especifica las condiciones de la prestación del servicio de limpieza.

Muchos jóvenes dependen de la prestación por alquiler para poder independizarse.

Finally, in Healthcare. 'Prestaciones sanitarias' refers to the medical services provided by the public health system. This includes everything from a GP visit to complex surgeries. In summary, 'prestación' is a pillar of formal Spanish communication. Whether you are dealing with the government, a lawyer, an HR manager, or a car salesman, this word will be central to the conversation. It represents the formal side of 'getting something' or 'doing something' at a high standard.

The most frequent mistake English speakers make is confusing prestación with préstamo. While they look similar and both involve money, they are fundamentally different. A préstamo is a 'loan'—money you receive but must eventually pay back, usually with interest. A prestación is a 'benefit' or 'allowance'—money you are entitled to (often because you've paid taxes or met certain criteria) that you do not have to pay back. Saying 'He pedido una prestación al banco' (I asked the bank for a benefit) is incorrect; you ask a bank for a 'préstamo'. You ask the government for a 'prestación'.

Prestación vs. Préstamo: Prestación = Benefit/Allowance (Government/Social). Préstamo = Loan (Bank/Friend, must be repaid).

Error: Necesito una prestación para comprar una casa. (Wrong! Use 'préstamo')

Another mistake is using 'prestación' when you simply mean a 'favor'. While 'prestación' involves providing something, it is too formal for personal favors. If a friend helps you move, that is a 'favor' or 'ayuda', not a 'prestación'. Using 'prestación' in a casual setting sounds overly robotic or legalistic. A third common error is using the singular 'prestación' when referring to technical features. In Spanish, when you talk about the performance of a car or computer, you almost always use the plural prestaciones. Saying 'Este móvil tiene una buena prestación' sounds odd; it should be 'unas buenas prestaciones'. This is because a device has many performance aspects (speed, battery, screen), hence the plural.

Correcto: Las prestaciones de la nueva consola son increíbles.

Finally, learners sometimes confuse 'prestación' with 'presentación' (presentation). This is a simple phonetic slip-up. 'Presentación' is a slideshow or an introduction; 'prestación' is a benefit or performance. Pay close attention to that extra 'en' in 'presentación'.

Phonetic Trap: Prestación (Pres-ta-ción) vs. Presentación (Pre-sen-ta-ción). One is about benefits/service, the other is about showing something.

Avoiding these mistakes will help you sound more natural and ensure you are understood in professional and administrative contexts.

Depending on the context, you might want to use a more specific word than prestación. For government money, subsidio is a common alternative. While 'prestación' often implies a right earned through work (contributory), 'subsidio' often refers to aid given to those in need who may not have contributed enough (non-contributory). Another word is ayuda (help/aid), which is much more informal and general. If you are talking about money for a specific purpose, like a scholarship, use beca.

Subsidio: Specifically refers to financial aid, often of a smaller or temporary nature compared to a full 'prestación'.
Beneficio: Often used in the plural 'beneficios' to mean profits in business, but in some Latin American countries, it is used more like the English 'benefits' for employees.

El subsidio por desempleo es para quienes han agotado su prestación.

In the context of 'prestación de servicios', you could simply use servicio (service) or suministro (supply). For example, 'el suministro de agua' (the water supply). If you are talking about a professional's work, labor or trabajo are more common in casual conversation. 'Prestación' is reserved for the legal obligation to perform that work. When referring to the features of a product, características (characteristics) or funcionalidades (functionalities) are great alternatives. 'Características' focuses on what it is (e.g., 8GB RAM), while 'prestaciones' focuses on what it can do (e.g., high-speed multitasking).

Las características técnicas del ordenador son impresionantes.

Comparison: Prestación vs. Rendimiento: Prestación is the potential capability; Rendimiento is the actual performance during use.

Knowing these alternatives allows you to vary your vocabulary and choose the word that best fits the level of formality and the specific nuance you want to convey. Whether you're filling out a form, buying a car, or talking about your job, choosing between 'prestación', 'subsidio', or 'rendimiento' will make your Spanish much more precise.

How Formal Is It?

趣味小知识

The root 'praestare' also gives us the English word 'prestige', which originally meant a 'trick' or 'illusion' before evolving to mean 'high status'.

发音指南

UK /pɾes.ta.ˈθjon/

US /pɾes.ta.ˈsjon/

The stress is on the last syllable 'ción', indicated by the tilde.

押韵词

canción atención nación pasión lección acción misión visión

常见错误

Pronouncing it like 'presentation' (pre-sen-ta-ción).
Missing the 'r' sound in the first syllable.
Not stressing the final syllable.
Confusing the 's' and 't' sounds.
Pronouncing the 'ción' like English 'shun'.

难度评级

阅读 3/5

Common in news and forms, easy to recognize but has multiple meanings.

写作 4/5

Requires knowledge of formal collocations and correct spelling (accent on 'ó').

口语 3/5

Pronunciation is standard, but must distinguish from 'préstamo'.

听力 3/5

Clear pronunciation, but can be confused with 'presentación'.

接下来学什么

前置知识

ayuda servicio gobierno trabajo dinero

接下来学习

subsidio cotización nómina autónomo contrato

高级

pecuniaria tracto sucesivo concesión devengo fiscalidad

需要掌握的语法

Nouns ending in -ción are feminine.

La prestación, la canción, la nación.

Placement of adjectives after the noun.

Prestación contributiva, no contributiva prestación.

Use of 'por' for cause or reason.

Prestación por desempleo (Benefit because of unemployment).

Pluralization of nouns ending in -ón.

Prestación -> prestaciones (drop the accent).

Direct object pronouns with verbs like 'solicitar'.

La prestación es necesaria; la solicité ayer.

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按水平分级的例句

La prestación es una ayuda del gobierno.

The benefit is a help from the government.

Feminine singular noun.

Recibo una prestación cada mes.

I receive a benefit every month.

Verb 'recibir' + noun.

Este coche tiene buenas prestaciones.

This car has good features/performance.

Plural use for performance.

La prestación por desempleo es importante.

Unemployment benefit is important.

Compound phrase.

Quiero saber las prestaciones del móvil.

I want to know the phone's features.

Plural for technical specs.

Ella solicita la prestación hoy.

She applies for the benefit today.

Present tense verb 'solicitar'.

No tengo derecho a la prestación.

I don't have the right to the benefit.

Phrase 'tener derecho a'.

Las prestaciones son muy bajas.

The benefits are very low.

Adjective agreement (f. pl.).

He pedido la prestación por hijo a cargo.

I have asked for the child benefit.

Past participle 'pedido'.

Las prestaciones de este motor son excelentes.

The performance of this engine is excellent.

Technical plural use.

La empresa ofrece prestaciones de salud.

The company offers health benefits.

Context: job benefits.

Debes renovar tu prestación cada seis meses.

You must renew your benefit every six months.

Modal verb 'deber'.

La prestación de servicios es obligatoria.

The provision of services is mandatory.

Noun phrase 'prestación de servicios'.

El estado garantiza la prestación básica.

The state guarantees the basic benefit.

Adjective 'básica' modifying 'prestación'.

¿Cuál es la cuantía de la prestación?

What is the amount of the benefit?

Formal word 'cuantía'.

Perdí la prestación por no buscar trabajo.

I lost the benefit for not looking for work.

Preposition 'por' + infinitive.

La prestación contributiva exige haber trabajado un año.

The contributory benefit requires having worked for a year.

Specific economic term.

Este ordenador destaca por sus altas prestaciones gráficas.

This computer stands out for its high graphic performance.

Context: technology.

La prestación de servicios profesionales está exenta de IVA.

The provision of professional services is exempt from VAT.

Legal/Tax context.

Me han denegado la prestación por un error formal.

They denied me the benefit due to a formal error.

Passive-like 'Me han denegado'.

Las prestaciones por maternidad han aumentado este año.

Maternity benefits have increased this year.

Plural subject.

Es necesario cotizar para acceder a la prestación.

It is necessary to contribute to access the benefit.

Verb 'cotizar' (to pay social security).

La nueva ley mejora las prestaciones para autónomos.

The new law improves benefits for self-employed workers.

Context: labor law.

El seguro cubre la prestación de asistencia en viaje.

The insurance covers the provision of travel assistance.

Insurance context.

La prestación de la fianza es un requisito del contrato.

The provision of the deposit is a contract requirement.

Legal term for 'paying/providing'.

Compararemos las prestaciones de ambos modelos antes de comprar.

We will compare the performance of both models before buying.

Future tense 'compararemos'.

La seguridad social gestiona la prestación por incapacidad permanente.

Social security manages the permanent disability benefit.

Specific medical/legal term.

La prestación de servicios mínimos es obligatoria durante la huelga.

The provision of minimum services is mandatory during the strike.

Political/Labor term.

El incumplimiento de la prestación conlleva una sanción.

Failure to perform the obligation entails a penalty.

Formal legal language.

Percibir una prestación indebida puede ser un delito.

Receiving an undue benefit can be a crime.

Legal warning.

La prestación de ayuda humanitaria se retrasó por el clima.

The provision of humanitarian aid was delayed by the weather.

Passive voice 'se retrasó'.

Buscamos un equilibrio entre precio y prestaciones.

We are looking for a balance between price and features.

Common consumer phrase.

La naturaleza jurídica de la prestación es objeto de debate.

The legal nature of the performance is a subject of debate.

Academic legal language.

La prestación por cese de actividad es el 'paro' de los autónomos.

The benefit for cessation of activity is the 'unemployment' for the self-employed.

Specific bureaucratic term.

El software optimiza las prestaciones del hardware existente.

The software optimizes the performance of the existing hardware.

Technical optimization context.

Se discute la universalidad de las prestaciones sanitarias.

The universality of health services is being discussed.

Impersonal 'se'.

La prestación accesoria no estaba contemplada en el acuerdo inicial.

The ancillary service was not included in the initial agreement.

Complex legal adjective 'accesoria'.

La cuantía de la prestación se calcula según la base reguladora.

The amount of the benefit is calculated according to the regulatory base.

Technical accounting term.

La prestación de consentimiento debe ser libre y consciente.

The provision of consent must be free and conscious.

Legal/Ethical context.

El coche sorprende por sus prestaciones en circuito.

The car surprises with its performance on the track.

Sport/Technical context.

La prestación de servicios de inteligencia requiere absoluta discreción.

The provision of intelligence services requires absolute discretion.

High-level professional context.

El contrato de tracto sucesivo implica una prestación continuada.

The successive tract contract implies a continuous performance.

Advanced legal theory.

Las prestaciones de la red 5G revolucionarán la industria.

The capabilities of the 5G network will revolutionize the industry.

Technological forecasting.

Se ha extinguido el derecho a la prestación por agotamiento del plazo.

The right to the benefit has been extinguished due to the expiration of the term.

Formal legal verb 'extinguir'.

La prestación personal obligatoria fue abolida hace décadas.

Mandatory personal service was abolished decades ago.

Historical/Legal context.

La empresa se centra en la prestación de soluciones de vanguardia.

The company focuses on providing cutting-edge solutions.

Corporate jargon.

La prestación pecuniaria se hará efectiva mediante transferencia.

The monetary payment will be made effective via transfer.

Formal financial term 'pecuniaria'.

Analizamos la relación entre el coste social y la prestación recibida.

We analyze the relationship between social cost and the benefit received.

Sociological analysis.

近义词

subsidio beneficio ayuda servicio rendimiento asignación paga características

反义词

préstamo deuda obligación incumplimiento

常见搭配

prestación por desempleo

prestación de servicios

altas prestaciones

prestación contributiva

prestación económica

solicitar una prestación

denegar una prestación

prestaciones sociales

prestación sanitaria

objeto de la prestación

常用短语

cobrar la prestación

— To receive or collect the benefit payment.

Mañana voy al banco a cobrar la prestación.

agotar la prestación

— To run out of benefit payments (usually unemployment).

Se le va a agotar la prestación el mes que viene.

prestación mínima

— The lowest amount of benefit allowed by law.

Apenas puede vivir con la prestación mínima.

prestación por maternidad

— Financial support given to new mothers.

Ella está disfrutando de su prestación por maternidad.

derecho a prestación

— Legal entitlement to receive a benefit.

No todos los trabajadores tienen derecho a prestación.

prestación de asistencia

— Providing help or care services.

El seguro incluye la prestación de asistencia en carretera.

prestación única

— A one-time lump sum benefit payment.

Optó por la prestación única para montar su negocio.

suspensión de la prestación

— Temporary stop of benefit payments.

La sanción implica la suspensión de la prestación por un mes.

prestación por jubilación

— Pension or retirement benefit.

Mi abuelo cobra una buena prestación por jubilación.

prestación de fianza

— The act of providing a security deposit.

La prestación de fianza es necesaria para alquilar el piso.

容易混淆的词

prestación vs préstamo

A loan you must pay back. Prestación is a benefit you receive.

prestación vs presentación

A presentation or introduction. Easy to confuse phonetically.

prestación vs presión

Pressure. Sounds slightly similar but unrelated.

习语与表达

"vivir de la prestación"

— To rely solely on government benefits for income.

No quiere trabajar, prefiere vivir de la prestación.

informal

"estirar la prestación"

— To make a benefit payment last as long as possible.

Con los precios actuales, es difícil estirar la prestación.

informal

"perder la prestación"

— To lose the right to receive benefits, often due to a mistake.

Si no sellas el paro, puedes perder la prestación.

neutral

"engañar con la prestación"

— To commit benefit fraud.

Lo pillaron engañando con la prestación por desempleo.

informal

"prestación de lujo"

— Used sarcastically for a very poor service or ironically for high-end features.

Este hotel dice ser de cinco estrellas, pero tiene una prestación de lujo... ¡vaya desastre!

slang

"quedarse sin prestación"

— To find oneself without any benefit income.

Después de dos años, se quedó sin prestación.

neutral

"prestación a la carta"

— A service or benefit tailored exactly to one's needs.

La empresa ofrece una prestación a la carta para sus ejecutivos.

formal

"la madre de todas las prestaciones"

— The most important or largest benefit.

La jubilación es la madre de todas las prestaciones sociales.

informal

"prestación fantasma"

— A benefit that exists on paper but is never actually received.

Esa ayuda prometida resultó ser una prestación fantasma.

slang

"atado a la prestación"

— Feeling trapped or dependent on a benefit.

Se siente atado a la prestación porque no encuentra empleo digno.

neutral

容易混淆

prestación vs préstamo

Phonetic similarity and both involve money.

Préstamo is a debt/loan; prestación is an entitlement/benefit.

El banco me dio un préstamo; el gobierno me dio una prestación.

prestación vs presentación

Visual and phonetic similarity.

Presentación is a show/intro; prestación is a service/benefit.

La presentación del nuevo coche mostró sus increíbles prestaciones.

prestación vs subsidio

Both are government money.

Prestación is usually earned through work; subsidio is often for those who don't qualify for the full benefit.

Cobro el subsidio porque agoté mi prestación.

prestación vs rendimiento

Both relate to performance.

Rendimiento is actual efficiency; prestaciones is potential capability/specs.

Las prestaciones del coche son altas, pero su rendimiento en ciudad es bajo.

prestación vs servicio

Used in 'prestación de servicios'.

Servicio is the general concept; prestación is the formal act of providing it.

La prestación del servicio de correos es lenta.

句型

La prestación es [adjective].

La prestación es buena.

Tengo una prestación de [amount].

Tengo una prestación de 400 euros.

He solicitado la prestación por [reason].

He solicitado la prestación por maternidad.

Las prestaciones de este [noun] son [adjective].

Las prestaciones de este motor son increíbles.

La prestación de servicios implica [noun].

La prestación de servicios implica una gran responsabilidad.

Se ha extinguido el derecho a la prestación debido a [reason].

Se ha extinguido el derecho a la prestación debido al fraude detectado.

No tengo derecho a la prestación.

No tengo derecho a la prestación porque no coticé suficiente.

Compare las prestaciones antes de decidir.

Compare las prestaciones de los dos móviles antes de decidir.

词族

名词

prestamista (lender)

préstamo (loan)

prestatario (borrower)

动词

prestar (to lend/provide)

prestarse (to offer oneself)

形容词

prestado (borrowed)

prestable (lendable)

如何使用

frequency

High in formal, administrative, and technical contexts.

常见错误

Pedir una prestación al banco. → Pedir un préstamo al banco.
Banks give loans (préstamos), not social benefits (prestaciones).
El prestación es alto. → La prestación es alta.
Prestación is feminine, so use 'la' and 'alta'.
Me gusta la prestación de este móvil. → Me gustan las prestaciones de este móvil.
Use the plural for technical features/performance.
He visto una buena presentación del coche. → He visto las buenas prestaciones del coche.
Don't confuse 'presentation' (show) with 'performance' (prestaciones).
Tengo que devolver la prestación. → Tengo que devolver el préstamo.
Benefits (prestaciones) are usually not repaid; loans (préstamos) are.

小贴士

Feminine Ending

Always remember that words ending in -ción are feminine. This helps with article and adjective agreement: 'la prestación básica'.

Context is King

If you are in a bank, you probably want a 'préstamo'. If you are in a government office, you probably want a 'prestación'.

Plural for Tech

When talking about your new phone or computer, always use the plural 'prestaciones' to sound more natural.

No Accent in Plural

Remember that 'prestación' has an accent, but 'prestaciones' does not. This is a common rule for nouns ending in -ón.

Social Security

In Spain, 'la prestación' is a very common topic of conversation during economic crises. Knowing it shows you understand local issues.

Job Interviews

Asking about 'prestaciones sociales' shows you are a serious candidate who cares about the full compensation package.

Contracts

Look for 'objeto de la prestación' in any contract you sign to know exactly what services are being provided.

News Keywords

When you hear 'prestaciones' on the news, it's almost always about the national budget or social welfare changes.

Memory Link

Link 'prestación' to 'provide'. A prestación is something the state or a machine provides to you.

Product Comparison

Use the word 'prestaciones' when comparing two products in a store to ask the clerk which one is better.

记住它

记忆技巧

Imagine a PREStidigitator (magician) PRESTing (providing) a benefit from his hat. He gives a PRESTación.

视觉联想

Picture a government check with the word 'PRESTACIÓN' written in bold letters, or a high-speed sports car with 'PRESTACIONES' on the license plate.

Word Web

Gobierno Dinero Paro Servicio Coche Motor Contrato Derecho

挑战

Write three sentences: one about a government benefit, one about a car's performance, and one about a professional service, all using 'prestación'.

词源

From the Latin 'praestatio', derived from 'praestare'.

原始含义： To stand before, to guarantee, to provide, or to excel.

Romance (Latin root).

文化背景

Be careful when discussing 'vivir de la prestación', as it can carry a negative social stigma in some circles, implying laziness.

English uses 'benefit', 'allowance', 'performance', or 'provision' depending on the case. Spanish uses this one powerful word.

Spanish Labor Law (Estatuto de los Trabajadores) Social Security websites (SEPE in Spain) Automotive reviews in 'El País'

在生活中练习

真实语境

Unemployment

solicitar el paro
agotar la prestación
sellar el paro
base reguladora

Car Shopping

caballos de potencia
velocidad máxima
consumo medio
equipamiento de serie

Job Offer

sueldo bruto
seguro médico
vacaciones pagadas
plan de pensiones

Legal Documents

cláusula de rescisión
objeto del contrato
partes firmantes
vigencia

Hospital

tarjeta sanitaria
receta médica
especialista
urgencias

对话开场白

"¿Sabes cuáles son las prestaciones de este nuevo modelo de coche?"

"¿Has tenido problemas para solicitar la prestación por desempleo?"

"¿Qué prestaciones sociales consideras más importantes en un trabajo?"

"¿Crees que las prestaciones sanitarias deberían ser totalmente gratuitas?"

"¿Cómo han cambiado las prestaciones de los móviles en los últimos cinco años?"

日记主题

Describe las prestaciones ideales que debería ofrecer una empresa a sus empleados.

Escribe sobre una vez que tuviste que solicitar una prestación o ayuda oficial.

Compara las prestaciones de dos productos tecnológicos que uses a diario.

Reflexiona sobre la importancia de las prestaciones sociales para la estabilidad de un país.

Imagina que diseñas un coche: ¿qué prestaciones técnicas priorizarías?

常见问题

10 个问题

Es un pago mensual que reciben los trabajadores que han perdido su empleo y han cotizado lo suficiente a la seguridad social. Se conoce comúnmente como 'el paro'.

Generalmente, la prestación es contributiva (has pagado por ella trabajando), mientras que el subsidio es una ayuda asistencial para quienes no tienen derecho a la prestación o la han agotado.

Se dice 'la prestación' porque es un sustantivo femenino acabado en -ción.

Se usa en plural ('prestaciones') cuando hablamos de las características técnicas de un aparato o de los beneficios que ofrece una empresa a sus empleados.

No, a diferencia de un préstamo, la prestación es un derecho o una ayuda que no se devuelve, a menos que se haya cobrado indebidamente por error o fraude.

Es un término legal que se refiere al trabajo que un profesional realiza para un cliente a cambio de un pago, formalizado en un contrato.

Se dice 'prestación por desempleo'.

No es recomendable, suena demasiado formal. Es mejor usar 'favor' o 'ayuda'.

En países como México, son los beneficios mínimos que un empleador debe dar por ley, como el aguinaldo y las vacaciones.

Porque el término se refiere a lo que el coche 'presta' o proporciona al conductor en términos de velocidad, seguridad y potencia.

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