خالدار 30秒了解
- خالدار means spotted or dotted.
- Used for animals, clothing, skin (freckles/moles).
- Pattern of small, round marks.
- Persian adjective: noun + خالدار.
The Persian word خالدار (khāl-dār) is an adjective that literally translates to 'having spots' or 'marked with spots'. It's used to describe anything that is covered in small, round marks or dots. Think of the pattern on a ladybug, the freckles on someone's skin, or even a type of fabric with a dotted design. It implies a pattern of distinct, often small, circular blemishes or markings.
- Literal Breakdown
- The word is composed of 'خال' (khāl), meaning 'spot' or 'mole', and 'دار' (-dār), a suffix indicating possession or 'having'. Thus, 'khāl-dār' means 'having spots'.
- Common Applications
- You'll frequently encounter 'خالدار' when describing animals like dalmatian dogs, cows with distinctive markings, or even certain types of fish. In terms of human appearance, it can refer to skin that has freckles or moles. It's also used for objects or fabrics that have a dotted pattern. For instance, a scarf with small dots would be described as 'روسری خالدار' (rusari-ye khāl-dār).
این سگ خالدار است.
- Beyond Physical Appearance
- While primarily used for visual patterns, in some metaphorical or less common contexts, it might be used to describe something with many small, scattered imperfections or features. However, its primary and most frequent usage is for physical, visible spots or dots.
پیراهن او خالدار بود.
Using خالدار (khāl-dār) in sentences is straightforward. As an adjective, it typically follows the noun it modifies, or it can be used predicatively after a linking verb like 'است' (ast - is). The key is to understand what kind of object or being you are describing as spotted. Here are several ways to incorporate it:
- Describing Animals
- Animals are a very common subject for this adjective. For example, you might see a 'گاو خالدار' (gāv-e khāl-dār - spotted cow) or a 'پرنده خالدار' (parandeh-ye khāl-dār - spotted bird). When referring to a specific animal, you'd say:
آن گاو خالدار است.
- Describing People's Skin
- When talking about skin, 'خالدار' can refer to freckles or moles. It's important to note the context. If it's about moles, it might be 'پوستش خالدار است' (pustash khāl-dār ast - her/his skin has moles/is spotted). For freckles, it's also commonly used.
صورتش از کک و مک خالدار شده بود.
- Describing Objects and Fabrics
- Clothing, furniture, or any surface with a dotted pattern can be described as 'خالدار'. For example, 'یک فرش خالدار' (yek farsh-e khāl-dār - a spotted carpet) or 'یک لباس خالدار' (yek lebās-e khāl-dār - a spotted dress).
من یک شلوار جین خالدار دوست دارم.
- Using with Plurals
- When referring to multiple spotted items or beings, the adjective 'خالدار' remains unchanged.
آنها گاوهای خالدار هستند.
The word خالدار (khāl-dār) is quite common in everyday Persian conversation and media. You'll hear it frequently in contexts related to nature, fashion, and even everyday observations.
- Animal Descriptions
- In rural areas or when discussing livestock, 'خالدار' is a standard descriptor. For example, a farmer might talk about their 'گاوهای خالدار' (gāv-hā-ye khāl-dār - spotted cows) or a veterinarian might refer to a patient as 'سگ خالدار' (sag-e khāl-dār - spotted dog). This is probably one of the most frequent uses.
تصویر یک اسب خالدار در مجله بود.
- Fashion and Textiles
- In clothing stores or fashion discussions, you'll often hear about 'لباسهای خالدار' (lebās-hā-ye khāl-dār - spotted clothes) or 'روسری خالدار' (rusari-ye khāl-dār - spotted scarf). It's a common pattern for fabrics.
این پارچه طرح خالدار دارد.
- Describing Natural Features
- When people talk about their skin, especially if they have freckles or moles, they might use this word. For example, 'بینی من پر از کک و مک خالدار است' (bini-ye man por az kak-o-mak khāl-dār ast - my nose is full of spotted freckles). It's also used for natural markings on things like rocks or leaves.
- Everyday Observations
- It can be used for almost anything with spots. A child might point to a ladybug and say, 'این حشره خالدار است!' (in harshareh khāl-dār ast! - this insect is spotted!). Or someone might describe a piece of pottery with decorative dots as 'سفال خالدار' (sofal-e khāl-dār - spotted pottery).
While خالدار (khāl-dār) is a relatively straightforward adjective, learners might make a few common errors. Understanding these pitfalls can help you use the word more accurately and naturally.
- Confusing 'خال' (khāl) with 'خال' (khāl)
- The word 'خال' (khāl) can mean both 'spot' and 'mole'. While 'خالدار' typically refers to general spots or a dotted pattern, learners might mistakenly use it specifically for moles when a more precise term might be needed, or vice versa. For example, a person with many moles might be called 'خالدار', but if the context is specifically about medical moles, a more nuanced description might be preferred. However, in general conversation, 'خالدار' is often used for skin with moles.
Mistake: او یک خال بزرگ خالدار دارد.
- Incorrect Placement of the Adjective
- In English, adjectives usually precede the noun. In Persian, adjectives typically follow the noun they modify. Learners might mistakenly place 'خالدار' before the noun.
Mistake: خالدار سگ در حیاط است.
- Overgeneralization
- 'خالدار' refers to distinct spots or dots. Sometimes learners might use it for things that are simply textured or patterned in a less defined way. For instance, calling a fabric with a subtle weave pattern 'خالدار' might be inaccurate if it doesn't have clear, distinct spots.
- Using it with Abstract Concepts
- While 'خالدار' can sometimes be used metaphorically for scattered imperfections, its primary usage is literal. Using it for abstract concepts without a clear visual analogy might lead to confusion.
While خالدار (khāl-dār) is the primary word for 'spotted' or 'dotted', there are other words and phrases that can convey similar meanings or offer nuances. Understanding these alternatives helps in choosing the most precise term for a given context.
- Spots vs. Moles: 'خال' (khāl)
- As mentioned, 'خال' itself can mean 'spot' or 'mole'. If you are specifically referring to moles on the skin, you might use 'خال' more directly. For example, 'صورتش پر از خال است' (suratash por az khāl ast - her/his face is full of moles). 'خالدار' is the adjective derived from this, meaning 'having moles/spots'.
- Freckles: 'کک و مک' (kak-o-mak)
- For small, light brown spots on the skin, typically caused by sun exposure, the term is 'کک و مک' (kak-o-mak). While 'خالدار' can be used to describe skin with freckles (e.g., 'صورت کک و مک خالدار' - a freckled, spotted face), 'کک و مک' is more specific for freckles.
- Dotted Patterns: 'نقطهدار' (noqteh-dār)
- This is a very close synonym, especially for patterns. 'نقطه' (noqteh) means 'dot' or 'point'. So, 'نقطهدار' (noqteh-dār) also means 'dotted' or 'marked with dots'. It's often interchangeable with 'خالدار' when referring to fabric patterns or designs. For instance, a 'پارچه نقطهدار' (pārcheh-ye noqteh-dār) is a dotted fabric, much like a 'پارچه خالدار'.
The difference between 'خالدار' and 'نقطهدار' is subtle. 'خالدار' can sometimes imply slightly larger or more irregular spots, while 'نقطهدار' more strongly suggests small, uniform dots. However, in many contexts, they are synonymous.
- Marbled or Mottled: 'مرمرین' (mar-marīn) or 'لکهدار' (lakkeh-dār)
- 'مرمرین' (mar-marīn) means 'marbled', suggesting irregular patterns of color or veins, not distinct spots. 'لکهدار' (lakkeh-dār) means 'stained' or 'blotchy', referring to larger, irregular patches of color or dirt, which is different from the small, round marks implied by 'خالدار'.
- Patterned: 'طرحدار' (tarh-dār)
- This is a general term for anything that has a pattern. If something is 'طرحدار' (tarh-dār), it has a design, which could be spotted, striped, floral, etc. 'خالدار' is a specific type of 'طرحدار'.
How Formal Is It?
趣味小知识
The suffix '-dār' is incredibly productive in Persian and is attached to many nouns to create adjectives, such as 'رنگدار' (rang-dār - colorful, literally 'having color'), 'بودار' (bu-dār - fragrant/smelly, literally 'having smell'), and 'پولدار' (pul-dār - rich, literally 'having money'). This makes understanding '-dār' key to expanding vocabulary.
发音指南
- Pronouncing 'kh' as 'k' or 'h'.
- Shortening the 'ā' vowel sound.
- Not rolling the 'r' sound sufficiently for some learners.
难度评级
At the B1 CEFR level, reading comprehension of 'خالدار' is generally easy. Texts will likely use it in straightforward descriptive contexts related to animals, clothing, or common patterns. Learners should be able to understand its meaning without significant difficulty.
Producing sentences with 'خالدار' is also rated as easy for B1 learners. The grammatical structure is straightforward (noun + adjective or subject + is + adjective), and the contextual applications are common, making it relatively simple to integrate into their own writing.
Speaking with 'خالدار' is rated as easy for B1 learners. They can easily incorporate it into descriptions of things they see or own. The pronunciation is manageable, and the common contexts make spontaneous use accessible.
Understanding 'خالدار' when heard is rated as easy for B1 learners. Due to its common usage in everyday scenarios like describing animals or clothes, learners are likely to encounter it frequently and recognize it easily.
接下来学什么
前置知识
接下来学习
高级
需要掌握的语法
Adjective Placement in Persian
In Persian, adjectives generally follow the noun they modify. For example, 'سگ خالدار' (sag-e khāl-dār) means 'spotted dog', not 'خالدار سگ'.
The Suffix '-dār'
The suffix '-dār' attaches to nouns to create adjectives meaning 'having' or 'possessing'. Examples: 'رنگدار' (rang-dār - colorful), 'پولدار' (pul-dār - rich).
Using 'است' (ast) as a Linking Verb
'است' (is/are) is often used predicatively with adjectives. Example: 'این پارچه خالدار است' (In pārcheh khāl-dār ast - This fabric is spotted).
Pluralization of Nouns and Adjective Agreement
Nouns pluralize (e.g., 'سگها' - sag-hā - dogs), but adjectives like 'خالدار' do not change form for plural nouns. 'سگهای خالدار' (sag-hā-ye khāl-dār - spotted dogs).
Possessive Construction ('ezafe')
To connect a noun with its adjective, the 'ezafe' particle (often represented by '-e' or '-ye') is used. Example: 'لباسِ خالدار' (lebās-e khāl-dār - spotted dress).
按水平分级的例句
این سگ خالدار است.
This dog is spotted.
Basic sentence structure: Noun + Adjective + 'is'.
آن پیراهن خالدار است.
That shirt is spotted.
Demonstrative pronoun + Noun + Adjective + 'is'.
گاو خالدار.
Spotted cow.
Adjective following the noun.
من خالدار را دوست دارم.
I like spotted ones.
Using the adjective as a noun substitute (implying spotted items).
این طرح خالدار است.
This pattern is spotted.
Describing a pattern itself.
کودک خالدار را دید.
The child saw the spotted one.
Simple past tense verb.
ماشین خالدار.
Spotted car.
Noun + Adjective.
ببر خالدار است.
The tiger is spotted.
Animal + Adjective + 'is'.
من یک لباس خالدار خریدم.
I bought a spotted dress.
Past tense verb 'bought' with a spotted noun.
این گربه خالدار است و خیلی زیباست.
This cat is spotted and very beautiful.
Connecting two adjectives with 'and'.
آیا این پارچه خالدار است؟
Is this fabric spotted?
Forming a yes/no question.
آن کالسکه قدیمی خالدار بود.
That old carriage was spotted.
Using 'was' (بود) with a spotted noun.
او یک شال خالدار پوشیده بود.
She was wearing a spotted scarf.
Past continuous tense (was wearing).
این طرح را دوست دارم چون خالدار است.
I like this pattern because it is spotted.
Using 'because' to connect clauses.
سگهای خالدار در پارک منتظرند.
Spotted dogs are waiting in the park.
Plural noun with adjective.
میخواهم یک دفترچه یادداشت خالدار بخرم.
I want to buy a spotted notebook.
Verb 'want to buy'.
صورت او از کک و مک خالدار شده بود.
Her face had become spotted with freckles.
Using 'شده بود' (had become) to describe a change.
این طرح پارچه، خالدار است و بسیار مورد پسند است.
This fabric pattern is spotted and is very popular.
Combining description with opinion.
آیا میدانید چرا این حیوان خالدار است؟
Do you know why this animal is spotted?
Forming a complex question.
او یک پیراهن خالدار با طرح دایرههای کوچک پوشیده بود.
She was wearing a spotted shirt with a pattern of small circles.
Adding descriptive details about the spots.
این نقاشی منظرهای از یک مزرعه با گاوهای خالدار را نشان میدهد.
This painting depicts a landscape of a farm with spotted cows.
Using 'depicts' and describing a scene.
اگر به دنبال یک کیف پول خالدار هستید، این مدل را پیشنهاد میکنم.
If you are looking for a spotted wallet, I recommend this model.
Conditional sentence structure.
بچهها از دیدن کرم خالدار روی برگها هیجانزده شدند.
The children were excited to see the spotted caterpillar on the leaves.
Expressing excitement about a spotted creature.
رنگ دیوار اتاق کودک، آبی روشن با طرحهای خالدار سفید است.
The color of the child's room wall is light blue with white spotted patterns.
Describing colors and patterns simultaneously.
الگوی خالدار این پارچه، حس نوستالژی را در من بیدار میکند.
The spotted pattern of this fabric evokes a sense of nostalgia in me.
Using 'evokes' and discussing emotional responses to patterns.
دکتر پوست او را معاینه کرد و گفت که خالهایش بیشتر از حد معمول خالدار هستند.
The doctor examined her skin and said her moles were more spotted than usual.
Using 'خال' (mole) and 'خالدار' in a medical context.
حیوانات این منطقه اغلب خالدار هستند، که به استتار آنها در محیط کمک میکند.
The animals in this region are often spotted, which helps them camouflage in their environment.
Explaining the function of the spotted pattern (camouflage).
طراح این مجموعه لباس، از طرحهای خالدار الهام گرفته است.
The designer of this clothing collection has taken inspiration from spotted patterns.
Discussing artistic inspiration.
رنگآمیزی خالدار این پرنده، نشاندهنده بلوغ جنسی آن است.
The spotted coloration of this bird indicates its sexual maturity.
Scientific or biological explanation for patterns.
با وجود اینکه طرح پارچه خالدار بود، به نظر نمیرسید که از مد افتاده باشد.
Although the fabric pattern was spotted, it didn't seem to be out of fashion.
Using 'although' to present a contrast.
کتاب راهنمای حیوانات، گونههای مختلفی از پستانداران خالدار را معرفی میکند.
The animal guide book introduces various species of spotted mammals.
Referring to a guidebook and classifying animals.
استفاده از رنگهای خالدار در دکوراسیون داخلی میتواند فضایی شاد و پویا ایجاد کند.
The use of spotted colors in interior decoration can create a cheerful and dynamic space.
Discussing aesthetic choices in interior design.
نقش خالدار روی بالهای پروانه، بخشی از استراتژی بقای آن است که شکارچیان را گیج میکند.
The spotted pattern on the butterfly's wings is part of its survival strategy, confusing predators.
Explaining a complex biological function of the pattern.
این اثر هنری با استفاده از تکنیکهای آبرنگ، فضایی خالدار و رویایی را به تصویر میکشد.
This artwork, using watercolor techniques, portrays a spotted and dreamlike atmosphere.
Describing artistic techniques and creating atmosphere.
تحلیل نشانههای خالدار روی پوست بیمار، به تشخیص دقیق بیماری کمک کرد.
The analysis of the spotted signs on the patient's skin aided in the accurate diagnosis of the disease.
Using 'analysis of signs' in a medical diagnostic context.
کتابخانه قدیمی، با قفسههای چوبی خالدار و نور ملایم، فضایی آرام و دلنشین داشت.
The old library, with its spotted wooden shelves and soft light, had a calm and pleasant atmosphere.
Describing ambiance and using adjectives evocatively.
تنوع خالدار در پوشش حیوانات مختلف، نشاندهنده سازگاری تکاملی آنها با محیطهای گوناگون است.
The spotted diversity in the coats of various animals indicates their evolutionary adaptation to different environments.
Discussing evolutionary adaptation and diversity.
استفاده از اصطلاح «خالدار» در ادبیات گاهی میتواند کنایهای از نقص یا ویژگی غیرمنتظره باشد.
The use of the term 'spotted' in literature can sometimes be an allusion to flaws or unexpected characteristics.
Exploring figurative and symbolic language.
نقش خالدار روی سفالهای باستانی، اطلاعاتی درباره باورها و هنر مردمان آن دوره ارائه میدهد.
The spotted pattern on the ancient pottery provides information about the beliefs and art of the people of that era.
Interpreting historical artifacts and cultural significance.
تغییرات خالدار در پوشش حیوانات قطبی، ممکن است نشانهای از تغییرات اقلیمی باشد.
Spotted changes in the coats of arctic animals might be an indicator of climate change.
Linking environmental changes to physical characteristics.
تفسیر نقشهای خالدار بر روی سنگهای رسوبی، کلیدی برای درک تغییرات زمینشناختی در دورانهای گذشته است.
Interpreting the spotted patterns on sedimentary rocks is key to understanding geological changes in past epochs.
Highly specialized vocabulary for geological interpretation.
در نقد ادبی، توصیف شخصیت «خالدار» میتواند استعارهای از پیچیدگیهای اخلاقی و تناقضات درونی او باشد.
In literary criticism, describing a character as 'spotted' can be a metaphor for their moral complexities and internal contradictions.
Sophisticated literary analysis and metaphorical interpretation.
مطالعات ژنتیکی نشان دادهاند که الگوی خالدار در برخی گونههای پرندگان، نتیجه انتخاب جنسی پیچیدهای است که قرنها طول کشیده است.
Genetic studies have shown that the spotted pattern in certain bird species is the result of complex sexual selection that has spanned centuries.
Advanced genetic and evolutionary biology terminology.
هنر انتزاعی معاصر، اغلب با استفاده از بافتهای خالدار و رنگهای غیرمنتظره، فضایی برای تفسیر شخصی مخاطب ایجاد میکند.
Contemporary abstract art, often employing spotted textures and unexpected colors, creates a space for the viewer's personal interpretation.
Discussing abstract art theory and audience reception.
تحلیل جامعهشناختی پوشش «خالدار» در فرهنگهای مختلف، میتواند نشاندهنده تغییرات اجتماعی و اقتصادی در طول زمان باشد.
A sociological analysis of 'spotted' attire across different cultures can indicate social and economic shifts over time.
Sociological analysis of cultural phenomena.
در علم تغذیه، بررسی لکههای خالدار روی میوهها میتواند اطلاعاتی در مورد مرحله رسیدگی و وجود احتمالی آفات ارائه دهد.
In nutrition science, examining spotted blemishes on fruits can provide information about their ripeness stage and the potential presence of pests.
Specialized terminology in food science and quality assessment.
استفاده از واژه «خالدار» در متون فلسفی، گاهی به وضعیت وجودی متناقض یا غیرقابل توصیف اشاره دارد.
The use of the word 'spotted' in philosophical texts sometimes refers to a paradoxical or ineffable existential state.
Philosophical discourse and abstract conceptualization.
تغییرات ظریف در الگوی خالدار پوست حیوانات در حال انقراض، میتواند شاخصی از فشار زیستمحیطی باشد که نیاز به مداخله فوری دارد.
Subtle changes in the spotted pattern of endangered animals' skin can be an indicator of environmental stress requiring immediate intervention.
Conservation biology and environmental impact assessment.
常见搭配
常用短语
— Spotted and white. This is often used to describe animals like cows or dogs that have a white base with dark spots.
آن گاو خالدار و سفید بود. (Ān gāv khāl-dār o sefīd bud.) - That cow was spotted and white.
— Spotted with tiny dots. This specifies the size of the spots.
این پارچه خالدار با نقاط ریز برای لباس نوزاد مناسب است. (In pārcheh khāl-dār bā noqāt-e riz barā-ye lebās-e nozād monāseb ast.) - This fabric spotted with tiny dots is suitable for baby clothes.
— Classic spotted pattern. This refers to a traditional or timeless dotted design, like polka dots.
روسری او طرح خالدار کلاسیک داشت. (Rusari-ye u tarh-e khāl-dār-e kelāsik dāsht.) - Her scarf had a classic spotted pattern.
— Spotted children. This could refer to children with freckles or moles, or wearing spotted clothing.
بچههای خالدار در حال بازی در پارک بودند. (Bachcheh-hā-ye khāl-dār dar hāl-e bāzi dar pārk budand.) - The spotted children were playing in the park.
— Spotted model. This can refer to a model (animal or person) with spots, or a style/model of an item that is spotted.
این مدل ماشین خالدار بسیار محبوب است. (In model-e māshin khāl-dār besyār mahbūb ast.) - This spotted car model is very popular.
— Spotted color. This refers to a color scheme where spots are present.
او رنگ خالدار را برای اتاقش انتخاب کرد. (U rang-e khāl-dār rā barā-ye otāghash entekhāb kard.) - She chose a spotted color for her room.
— Strange spotted animals. Used to describe unusual or exotic animals with spots.
مستند حیات وحش، حیوانات خالدار عجیب را نشان داد. (Mostanad-e hayāt-e vahsh, heyvānāt-e khāl-dār-e ajīb rā neshān dād.) - The wildlife documentary showed strange spotted animals.
— Modern spotted pattern. Refers to contemporary or fashionable dotted designs.
این لباس طرح خالدار مدرن دارد. (In lebās tarh-e khāl-dār-e modern dārad.) - This dress has a modern spotted pattern.
— Fantasy spotted shoes. Shoes with unusual or whimsical spotted designs.
او کفشهای خالدار فانتزی برای جشن پوشید. (U kafsh-hā-ye khāl-dār-e fāntazi barā-ye jashn pushid.) - She wore fantasy spotted shoes for the party.
— Rare spotted animals. Used when referring to uncommon or endangered species with spots.
در این منطقه، حیوانات خالدار نادر زیادی زندگی میکنند. (Dar in mantaqeh, heyvānāt-e khāl-dār-e nāder ziyādi zendegi mikonand.) - Many rare spotted animals live in this region.
容易混淆的词
'خالدار' refers to a pattern of distinct spots or dots, often intentional or natural. 'لکهدار' refers to stains or blotches, usually undesirable imperfections.
Very similar, often interchangeable with 'خالدار' for fabric patterns. 'نقطهدار' specifically emphasizes small, precise dots, while 'خالدار' can sometimes imply slightly larger or more varied spots.
'طرحدار' is a general term for 'patterned'. 'خالدار' is a specific type of pattern (spotted).
容易混淆
Both describe patterns of small marks.
'خالدار' can refer to moles, freckles, or more varied spots on animals. 'نقطهدار' is almost exclusively used for patterns, especially small, uniform dots on fabrics or designs, emphasizing precision.
A 'پیراهن خالدار' could be a polka-dot shirt or a shirt with irregular spots. A 'پیراهن نقطهدار' is almost certainly a polka-dot shirt.
Both describe something with marks.
'خالدار' implies a deliberate or natural pattern of spots. 'لکهدار' implies an unwanted stain, blotch, or imperfection, like a coffee stain on a shirt.
A 'گاو خالدار' is a naturally spotted cow. A 'پیراهن لکهدار' is a shirt with stains on it.
Both relate to spots on the skin.
'کک و مک' specifically refers to freckles – small, light brown spots. 'خالدار' can describe skin with freckles, but also skin with moles or other types of spots.
Her skin is 'خالدار' (spotted) because she has 'کک و مک' (freckles) and a few moles.
Both describe something with a visual design.
'طرحدار' is a very broad term for anything with a pattern (stripes, floral, geometric, spots, etc.). 'خالدار' is specific to spotted or dotted patterns.
A 'لباس طرحدار' could be striped, floral, or spotted. A 'لباس خالدار' is specifically spotted.
It's the direct opposite, using the same root.
'بیخال' means 'spotless' or 'without moles/blemishes'. It's the antonym of 'خالدار' when 'خال' refers to moles or blemishes.
Her skin is perfectly smooth and 'بیخال' (spotless), unlike the 'خالدار' skin of someone with freckles.
句型
Noun + خالدار
سگ خالدار.
Subject + خالدار + است.
پیراهن خالدار است.
من + یک + Noun + خالدار + Verb (past tense).
من یک لباس خالدار خریدم.
Subject + خالدار + است + و + Adjective.
این گربه خالدار است و زیباست.
Subject + Adjective + Noun + خالدار + Verb.
او یک پیراهن خالدار زیبا پوشید.
اگر + Subject + ... + Verb (present), + Subject + ... + Verb (imperative/recommendation).
اگر دنبال کیف پول خالدار هستید، این مدل را بخرید.
Subject + خالدار + Noun + ... + که + Clause.
الگوی خالدار این پارچه، بسیار جذاب است که چشمها را خیره میکند.
با وجود اینکه + Clause, + Clause.
با وجود اینکه طرح پارچه خالدار بود، شیک به نظر میرسید.
词族
名词
形容词
相关
如何使用
High
-
Placing 'خالدار' before the noun.
→
Noun + خالدار
In Persian, adjectives typically follow the noun. So, 'spotted dog' is 'سگ خالدار', not 'خالدار سگ'. This is a common error for English speakers.
-
Confusing 'خالدار' with 'لکهدار'.
→
'خالدار' for patterns/natural spots, 'لکهدار' for stains.
'خالدار' refers to decorative or natural spots (like on a cow or fabric), while 'لکهدار' means stained or blotchy, implying an undesirable mark (like a coffee spill).
-
Using 'خالدار' for general patterns.
→
Use 'طرحدار' (tarh-dār) for general patterns.
'خالدار' specifically means spotted or dotted. If the pattern is stripes, floral, or geometric, 'طرحدار' (patterned) is a more appropriate general term.
-
Overusing 'خالدار' for skin without considering 'کک و مک'.
→
Use 'کک و مک' for freckles, 'خالدار' for moles or a general spotted appearance.
While 'خالدار' can describe freckled skin, 'کک و مک' is the specific term for freckles. Using 'خالدار' alone might imply moles or a mix of markings.
-
Not differentiating between 'خال' (spot/mole) and 'نقطه' (dot).
→
'خالدار' for general spots/moles, 'نقطهدار' for precise dots.
While often interchangeable for fabric, 'خال' can refer to moles, whereas 'نقطه' is strictly a dot. This distinction is more relevant in precise descriptions or when discussing skin marks vs. fabric patterns.
小贴士
Mastering the 'Kh' Sound
The initial 'Kh' in 'خالدار' is a guttural sound made at the back of the throat, similar to the 'ch' in Scottish 'loch'. Practice making this sound by mimicking native speakers. Avoid pronouncing it like a simple 'k' or 'h'.
Adjective Placement
Remember that in Persian, adjectives like 'خالدار' usually come *after* the noun they describe. So, it's 'سگ خالدار' (dog spotted), not 'خالدار سگ'.
Distinguish from 'لکهدار'
While both describe marks, 'خالدار' is for patterns (natural or decorative spots), whereas 'لکهدار' means stained or blotchy, implying an undesirable mark.
Visual Associations
Associate 'خالدار' with images like Dalmatians, ladybugs, or polka-dot patterns. Create a strong mental picture to help recall the word's meaning.
Sentence Building
Create sentences using 'خالدار' with different nouns: 'لباس خالدار', 'گاو خالدار', 'پارچه خالدار'. This reinforces its usage and grammatical structure.
Common in Descriptions
'خالدار' is frequently used in everyday Persian for describing animals, clothing patterns, and natural features. It's a very practical and common adjective.
Exploring 'نقطهدار'
Learn 'نقطهدار' (noqteh-dār) as a close synonym, especially for fabric patterns with small dots. Understand the subtle differences in nuance.
The Power of '-dār'
Recognize the suffix '-dār' as meaning 'having'. Understanding this helps you decipher other Persian adjectives like 'رنگدار' (colorful) or 'پولدار' (rich).
Describe Your Surroundings
Look around your environment and try to identify things that are 'خالدار'. Describe them out loud or write them down to practice active recall.
记住它
记忆技巧
Imagine a Dalmatian dog wearing a polka-dot scarf. The dog is 'خالدار' (spotted), and the scarf is also 'خالدار' (spotted/dotted). The visual connection of multiple spotted things helps remember the meaning.
视觉联想
Picture a ladybug. Ladybugs are famously spotted. Associate the image of a ladybug with the word 'خالدار'. Alternatively, think of a cow with large, distinct black and white spots.
Word Web
挑战
Try to describe three different objects in your room using the word 'خالدار'. If you can't find anything truly spotted, imagine what it would be like if it were spotted and describe that imaginary object.
词源
The word 'خالدار' is a compound word formed in Persian. It combines the noun 'خال' (khāl), meaning 'spot', 'mole', or 'blemish', with the suffix '-دار' (-dār), which is a common Persian suffix indicating possession or 'having'. Thus, 'خالدار' literally means 'having spots' or 'possessing spots'. The suffix '-dār' itself derives from the verb 'داشتن' (dāshtan - to have).
原始含义： Literally 'having spots'.
Indo-Iranian (Persian)文化背景
The term 'خالدار' itself is neutral. However, when applied to human skin, context is important. While 'خالدار' can describe freckles or moles, it's generally used descriptively and not pejoratively. In medical contexts, more specific terms might be used.
In English, 'spotted' and 'dotted' are direct equivalents. 'Polka-dot' is a specific type of dotted pattern. 'Freckled' refers to small, light brown spots on the skin. 'Mole' refers to a specific type of skin mark.
在生活中练习
真实语境
Describing animals in zoos, farms, or nature documentaries.
- حیوان خالدار
- گاو خالدار
- مار خالدار
- سگ خالدار
Discussing fashion and clothing items.
- لباس خالدار
- پیراهن خالدار
- پارچه خالدار
- روسری خالدار
Talking about skin appearance (freckles, moles).
- صورت خالدار
- پوست خالدار
- کک و مک خالدار
Describing patterns on objects or home decor.
- طرح خالدار
- کوسن خالدار
- فرش خالدار
General observations in nature or everyday life.
- گل خالدار
- سنگ خالدار
- پروانه خالدار
对话开场白
"What kind of spotted animals have you seen recently?"
"Do you prefer spotted patterns or plain designs in clothing?"
"Have you ever met someone with very distinctive freckles or moles?"
"What objects in your home have a spotted pattern?"
"If you could design your own spotted pattern, what would it look like?"
日记主题
Describe your favorite spotted animal and why you find it interesting.
Write about a piece of clothing you own or would like to own that has a spotted pattern. What do you like about it?
Reflect on the concept of 'spots' – are they always imperfections, or can they be beautiful? Give examples.
Imagine you are an artist creating a painting. Describe a scene that heavily features spotted elements.
Think about the natural world. Where have you seen the most interesting or unusual spotted patterns?
常见问题
10 个问题The word 'خالدار' (khāl-dār) literally translates to 'having spots'. It is formed from 'خال' (khāl), meaning 'spot' or 'mole', and the suffix '-دار' (-dār), meaning 'having' or 'possessing'. So, it directly indicates the presence of spots.
Yes, 'خالدار' can be used to describe human skin that has freckles ('کک و مک') or moles ('خال'). For example, 'صورتش خالدار است' (suratash khāl-dār ast) could mean 'her/his face is spotted (with freckles/moles)'.
'خالدار' and 'نقطهدار' are often used interchangeably, especially for fabric patterns. However, 'نقطهدار' (noqteh-dār) emphasizes small, precise dots, while 'خالدار' can sometimes refer to slightly larger or more varied spots, and importantly, 'خالدار' can also refer to moles or natural blemishes.
Generally, no. 'خالدار' is a neutral descriptive term. While 'لکهدار' (stained/blotchy) has negative connotations, 'خالدار' simply describes a visual characteristic. However, context is always key.
Primarily, 'خالدار' is used for literal, visible spots. While it can be used metaphorically in literature or advanced contexts to describe scattered imperfections or nuances, its core meaning is visual and concrete.
To say 'spotless' or 'plain', you can use 'صاف' (sāf) for smooth surfaces, 'ساده' (sādeh) for plain fabrics or designs without patterns, or 'بدون خال' (bedun-e khāl) meaning 'without spots'.
Common examples include cows ('گاو خالدار'), dogs like Dalmatians ('سگ خالدار'), certain types of birds ('پرنده خالدار'), and even butterflies ('پروانه خالدار').
No, the adjective 'خالدار' does not change its form when used with plural nouns. For example, 'سگ خالدار' (spotted dog) and 'سگهای خالدار' (spotted dogs) both use 'خالدار'.
The suffix '-دار' is very common in Persian and is attached to nouns to create adjectives, meaning 'having' or 'possessing' that noun. For example, 'رنگدار' means 'colorful' (having color).
Typically, no. 'خالدار' describes physical, visible spots. Weather phenomena are usually described with different vocabulary (e.g., 'ابری' - cloudy, 'آفتابی' - sunny).
自我测试 10 个问题
/ 10 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
خالدار (khāl-dār) is a versatile Persian adjective meaning 'spotted' or 'dotted', commonly used to describe animals, fabrics, and skin markings like freckles or moles. It literally translates to 'having spots'.
- خالدار means spotted or dotted.
- Used for animals, clothing, skin (freckles/moles).
- Pattern of small, round marks.
- Persian adjective: noun + خالدار.
Mastering the 'Kh' Sound
The initial 'Kh' in 'خالدار' is a guttural sound made at the back of the throat, similar to the 'ch' in Scottish 'loch'. Practice making this sound by mimicking native speakers. Avoid pronouncing it like a simple 'k' or 'h'.
Adjective Placement
Remember that in Persian, adjectives like 'خالدار' usually come *after* the noun they describe. So, it's 'سگ خالدار' (dog spotted), not 'خالدار سگ'.
Distinguish from 'لکهدار'
While both describe marks, 'خالدار' is for patterns (natural or decorative spots), whereas 'لکهدار' means stained or blotchy, implying an undesirable mark.
Context is Key for Skin
When referring to skin, 'خالدار' can mean freckled or having moles. Use it naturally, and be aware that 'کک و مک' is specific for freckles.
相关内容
更多colors词汇
عنابی
B1Jujube-colored/dark red; a dark reddish-brown color.
آبرنگ
B1一种以水为溶剂的颜料；水彩。以其透明度和流动性著称。
آبی آسمانی
B1天蓝色；一种像晴朗天空一样明亮浅淡的蓝色。
آبی کردن
A2变蓝；染成蓝色。他把墙涂成了蓝色。
آغشتن
B2将某物浸入液体或弄脏。
اکرولیک
B1丙烯颜料。一种由颜料粉与丙烯酸树脂聚合物乳剂制成的快干颜料。
اکریلیک
B1一种含有悬浮在丙烯酸聚合物乳液中的颜料的快干涂料。在伊朗，它也常用于制造人造地毯的纤维。
آلبالویی
B1一种深红色，类似于酸樱桃的颜色。在伊朗，这种颜色常用于形容高档衣服、汽车和化妆品。
انعکاس
B1水面上山的倒影（انعکاس）很美。
آستر
B1里料 (衣服) 或 底漆 (绘画)。 '这件大衣的里料很厚。' '在刷漆之前，先上一层底漆。'
