déjeuner (m) 30秒了解
- Déjeuner (m) means lunch, the midday meal.
- It's a significant meal in French culture, eaten around noon.
- Distinguish it from breakfast (petit-déjeuner) and dinner (dîner).
- Use it when referring to the meal itself or the act of eating it.
The Midday Meal in French Culture
- Core Meaning
- 'Déjeuner' (masculine noun) refers to the midday meal, typically eaten between noon and 2 PM. It is a significant meal in France, often more substantial than a light snack, and is a social occasion for many.
- Cultural Significance
- Historically, and still in many contexts, the midday meal was the main meal of the day, especially in rural areas or for manual laborers. While modern lifestyles have led to lighter lunches for some, 'le déjeuner' remains a concept deeply embedded in French daily life. It's a time to pause, refuel, and often connect with colleagues, friends, or family.
- Usage in Different Settings
- In schools, 'le déjeuner' is the meal provided in the cafeteria. In workplaces, it's the break taken for lunch. For families, it's the meal shared around midday. The duration of 'le déjeuner' can vary, from a quick bite to a more leisurely affair, depending on the day and the individuals involved. It's distinct from 'le petit-déjeuner' (breakfast) and 'le dîner' (dinner).
We are going to have déjeuner at 1 PM.
What do you usually eat for déjeuner?
The restaurant offers a special déjeuner menu.
Putting 'Déjeuner' into Practice
- Basic Usage
- The most straightforward way to use 'déjeuner' is as a noun referring to the meal itself. You can talk about having it, preparing it, or going out for it. For instance, 'Mon déjeuner est prêt' (My lunch is ready) or 'Nous avons réservé une table pour le déjeuner' (We have booked a table for lunch).
- Combining with Verbs
- When discussing the act of eating lunch, you'll often use verbs like 'prendre' (to take/have), 'manger' (to eat), or the verb 'déjeuner' itself. Examples include: 'Je prends mon déjeuner à midi' (I have my lunch at noon), 'Elle mange un sandwich pour son déjeuner' (She eats a sandwich for her lunch), and 'Nous allons déjeuner au restaurant' (We are going to have lunch at the restaurant).
- Describing the Meal
- You can also use adjectives to describe the déjeuner: 'un déjeuner léger' (a light lunch), 'un déjeuner copieux' (a hearty lunch), 'un déjeuner d'affaires' (a business lunch), or 'un déjeuner en famille' (a family lunch). For example, 'Hier, j'ai eu un déjeuner d'affaires très productif' (Yesterday, I had a very productive business lunch).
- Time References
- 'Déjeuner' is intrinsically linked to time. Phrases like 'pendant le déjeuner' (during lunch), 'après le déjeuner' (after lunch), or 'avant le déjeuner' (before lunch) are common. For instance, 'Ne me dérangez pas pendant le déjeuner' (Do not disturb me during lunch).
Let's meet for déjeuner tomorrow.
The cafeteria serves a different déjeuner each day.
He prefers a light déjeuner to avoid feeling sleepy.
Real-Life Encounters with 'Déjeuner'
- Workplace Conversations
- In French offices, you'll frequently hear colleagues discussing their lunch plans. 'On va déjeuner ensemble?' (Shall we have lunch together?), 'J'ai une réunion pendant l'heure du déjeuner' (I have a meeting during lunchtime), or 'Je vais chercher mon déjeuner à la boulangerie' (I'm going to get my lunch from the bakery) are common phrases. The concept of a 'déjeuner d'affaires' (business lunch) is also very prevalent.
- School and University Settings
- Children and students often talk about 'le déjeuner' at school. 'Le déjeuner à la cantine est bon aujourd'hui' (The lunch at the canteen is good today) or 'Je vais manger avec mes amis pour le déjeuner' (I'm going to eat with my friends for lunch) are typical statements. Parents might ask about their child's déjeuner.
- Restaurants and Cafés
- Menus often feature a 'formule déjeuner' or 'menu déjeuner,' offering a set meal at a fixed price. Waitstaff might ask, 'Désirez-vous prendre le déjeuner ici?' (Would you like to have lunch here?) or 'Que désirez-vous pour votre déjeuner?' (What would you like for your lunch?).
- Family Gatherings
- During weekends or holidays, families gather for meals. 'Le déjeuner de dimanche est souvent un moment important' (Sunday lunch is often an important moment) highlights its social role. Discussions might revolve around preparing a special déjeuner or who is bringing what.
The waiter asked if we wanted the daily déjeuner special.
My colleagues are discussing where to go for déjeuner.
She packed a healthy déjeuner for her children.
Avoiding Pitfalls with 'Déjeuner'
- Confusing with Breakfast
- The most frequent mistake for beginners is using 'déjeuner' when they mean 'breakfast'. Remember, 'petit-déjeuner' is exclusively for breakfast. 'Déjeuner' is strictly for the midday meal.
- Incorrect Gender Agreement
- 'Déjeuner' is a masculine noun. Ensure you use the correct articles: 'le déjeuner' (the lunch) and 'un déjeuner' (a lunch). Avoid using 'la déjeuner' or 'une déjeuner'.
- Overuse of the Verb 'Manger'
- While 'manger' (to eat) is always correct, French speakers often use 'prendre' (to take/have) or the specific verb 'déjeuner' (to have lunch) when referring to the midday meal. Saying 'Je prends mon déjeuner' or 'Je déjeune' sounds more natural than 'Je mange mon déjeuner' in many contexts.
- Confusing with Dinner
- In some other Romance languages, the word for 'lunch' might be similar to the word for 'dinner'. In French, 'dîner' is specifically for the evening meal. While regional variations or very informal speech might blur lines, standard French clearly distinguishes 'déjeuner' (lunch) from 'dîner' (dinner).
Incorrect: Je prends la déjeuner.
Correct: Je prends le déjeuner.
Incorrect: J'ai mangé mon petit-déjeuner à midi.
Correct: J'ai mangé mon déjeuner à midi.
Exploring Synonyms and Related Terms
- Petit-déjeuner (m)
- Meaning: Breakfast. This is the meal eaten in the morning.
Usage: 'Le petit-déjeuner est le repas le plus important de la journée.' (Breakfast is the most important meal of the day.)
Distinction: 'Déjeuner' is for midday, 'petit-déjeuner' for morning. - Dîner (m)
- Meaning: Dinner. This is the meal eaten in the evening.
Usage: 'Nous allons dîner au restaurant ce soir.' (We are going to have dinner at the restaurant tonight.)
Distinction: 'Déjeuner' is for midday, 'dîner' for evening. - Repas (m)
- Meaning: Meal (general term). This word can refer to any meal of the day.
Usage: 'Quel type de repas préférez-vous?' (What type of meal do you prefer?)
Distinction: 'Repas' is general; 'déjeuner' is specific to lunch. - Collation (f)
- Meaning: Snack. This refers to a light meal or something eaten between main meals.
Usage: 'J'ai pris une petite collation avant le dîner.' (I had a small snack before dinner.)
Distinction: 'Collation' is light and informal; 'déjeuner' is a main meal. - Le Goûter (m)
- Meaning: Afternoon snack, typically for children.
Usage: 'Les enfants prennent leur goûter après l'école.' (The children have their afternoon snack after school.)
Distinction: 'Le goûter' is a specific afternoon snack, usually lighter and more informal than 'déjeuner'.
Is déjeuner the same as breakfast?
No, breakfast is 'petit-déjeuner'. 'Déjeuner' is lunch.
What's the difference between 'repas' and 'déjeuner'?
'Repas' is a general term for any meal, while 'déjeuner' specifically refers to the midday meal (lunch).
How Formal Is It?
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趣味小知识
Interestingly, the original meaning of 'déjeuner' in Old French was 'breakfast'. The word 'petit-déjeuner' (little breakfast) was later adopted to specifically refer to the morning meal, while 'déjeuner' took on the meaning of 'lunch'. This semantic shift is common in language evolution.
发音指南
- Pronouncing the 'u' sound incorrectly (e.g., like the English 'u' in 'but'). French 'u' requires rounded lips.
- Mispronouncing the 'eu' sound, which is not a standard English vowel. It's a sound made with rounded lips and the tongue forward.
- Adding an 'r' sound at the end, which is not present in the French pronunciation.
难度评级
At the A2 CEFR level, understanding 'déjeuner' in simple written contexts like menus or short sentences is expected. Recognizing its meaning in longer texts requires exposure to more varied sentence structures and vocabulary.
接下来学什么
前置知识
接下来学习
高级
需要掌握的语法
Using 'prendre' with meals
Je prends mon petit-déjeuner. Je prends le déjeuner. Je prends le dîner.
Articles with nouns referring to meals
Le déjeuner est prêt. J'ai mangé un déjeuner rapide. J'aime le déjeuner.
Prepositions of time with meals
Avant le déjeuner, après le déjeuner, pendant le déjeuner, à l'heure du déjeuner.
The verb 'déjeuner'
Nous déjeunons à midi. Elle déjeune au restaurant.
Compound nouns involving 'déjeuner'
Un déjeuner d'affaires, une pause déjeuner.
按水平分级的例句
C'est l'heure du déjeuner.
It's lunchtime.
Simple sentence structure, common vocabulary.
Je prends mon déjeuner.
I am having my lunch.
Use of 'prendre' with a possessive adjective.
Le déjeuner est bon.
The lunch is good.
Basic adjective agreement.
Où est le déjeuner?
Where is the lunch?
Simple question formation.
Nous mangeons le déjeuner.
We are eating lunch.
Use of 'manger' with the definite article.
Un déjeuner rapide.
A quick lunch.
Use of indefinite article with an adjective.
J'aime le déjeuner.
I like lunch.
Basic verb 'aimer' with the definite article.
C'est un bon déjeuner.
It's a good lunch.
Use of indefinite article with adjective and noun.
Nous allons prendre le déjeuner au restaurant.
We are going to have lunch at the restaurant.
Use of 'aller + infinitive' for future plans, 'prendre' for meals.
Le déjeuner d'affaires était très intéressant.
The business lunch was very interesting.
Use of noun + noun for compound concepts ('déjeuner d'affaires').
Qu'est-ce que tu manges pour le déjeuner?
What are you eating for lunch?
Question formation with 'Qu'est-ce que...?'
J'ai préparé un déjeuner léger pour moi.
I prepared a light lunch for myself.
Past tense (passé composé), use of reflexive pronoun 'moi'.
Le déjeuner à la cantine est souvent simple.
Lunch at the canteen is often simple.
Use of prepositions 'à la' and common adjectives.
Il est déjà midi, il faut penser au déjeuner.
It's already noon, we need to think about lunch.
Time expression, use of 'il faut' (it is necessary).
Elle a invité ses collègues pour le déjeuner.
She invited her colleagues for lunch.
Past tense (passé composé), use of 'pour'.
Ce restaurant propose un menu déjeuner intéressant.
This restaurant offers an interesting lunch menu.
Use of possessive adjective 'ce', common noun phrases.
Nous avons décidé de prendre un déjeuner plus copieux le week-end.
We have decided to have a heartier lunch on the weekend.
Use of 'avoir décidé de + infinitive', comparative adjective 'copieux'.
La pause déjeuner est de 30 minutes dans mon entreprise.
The lunch break is 30 minutes in my company.
Use of 'pause déjeuner', time expressions.
J'essaie de limiter les graisses pendant mon déjeuner.
I try to limit fats during my lunch.
Use of 'essayer de + infinitive', 'limiter', and prepositions.
Après le déjeuner, nous irons faire une promenade.
After lunch, we will go for a walk.
Sequence of events using 'après', future tense with 'aller'.
Le déjeuner était si délicieux que j'ai demandé la recette.
The lunch was so delicious that I asked for the recipe.
Subordinate clauses with 'si... que', past tense (passé composé).
Il est important de ne pas sauter le déjeuner, surtout si vous avez une journée chargée.
It is important not to skip lunch, especially if you have a busy day.
Use of 'il est important de + infinitive', negation 'ne... pas', conditional structure.
Les employés peuvent choisir entre manger sur place ou emporter leur déjeuner.
Employees can choose between eating on-site or taking their lunch away.
Use of 'choisir entre... ou...', common verbs.
Un déjeuner équilibré contribue à une meilleure concentration l'après-midi.
A balanced lunch contributes to better concentration in the afternoon.
Abstract nouns, use of 'contribue à', temporal adverbs.
La culture du déjeuner sur le pouce est moins répandue en France qu'ailleurs.
The culture of 'eating on the go' lunch is less widespread in France than elsewhere.
Complex sentence structure, comparative 'moins... que', idiomatic expression 'sur le pouce'.
Il est primordial de ne pas négliger la qualité de son déjeuner, car cela affecte directement la productivité.
It is paramount not to neglect the quality of one's lunch, as it directly affects productivity.
Formal vocabulary ('primordial', 'négliger'), causal conjunction 'car', abstract concepts.
Certains restaurants proposent des formules déjeuner qui incluent entrée, plat et dessert pour un prix fixe.
Some restaurants offer lunch deals that include starter, main course, and dessert for a fixed price.
Use of relative clauses ('qui incluent'), specific vocabulary for meals.
La durée de la pause déjeuner peut varier considérablement selon les secteurs d'activité.
The duration of the lunch break can vary considerably depending on the sectors of activity.
Abstract nouns ('durée', 'secteurs d'activité'), adverbs of degree ('considérablement').
Il est souvent conseillé de prévoir un déjeuner équilibré pour maintenir son énergie tout au long de l'après-midi.
It is often advised to plan a balanced lunch to maintain one's energy throughout the afternoon.
Passive voice ('il est conseillé'), infinitive clauses, temporal expressions.
L'organisation d'un déjeuner d'équipe peut renforcer la cohésion au sein d'une entreprise.
Organizing a team lunch can strengthen cohesion within a company.
Gerund as subject ('l'organisation'), abstract nouns ('cohésion'), modal verbs.
Dans certaines traditions, le déjeuner marque une pause significative dans le rythme de la journée de travail.
In some traditions, lunch marks a significant pause in the rhythm of the workday.
Abstract concepts ('traditions', 'rythme'), use of 'marquer'.
Il est essentiel de ne pas confondre le déjeuner avec le dîner, bien que les deux soient des repas importants.
It is essential not to confuse lunch with dinner, although both are important meals.
Use of 'il est essentiel de + infinitive', negation, conjunctions ('bien que').
La dissertation portait sur l'évolution des habitudes alimentaires, notamment la transformation du déjeuner traditionnel en France.
The essay focused on the evolution of eating habits, particularly the transformation of the traditional lunch in France.
Complex sentence structure, specialized vocabulary ('dissertation', 'habitudes alimentaires', 'transformation').
L'omniprésence des repas rapides a conduit à une certaine standardisation du déjeuner, au détriment de la convivialité.
The omnipresence of fast meals has led to a certain standardization of lunch, at the expense of conviviality.
Advanced vocabulary ('omniprésence', 'standardisation', 'convivialité'), abstract causal relationships.
Dans un contexte professionnel, le déjeuner peut servir de catalyseur pour des discussions informelles susceptibles de déboucher sur des collaborations fructueuses.
In a professional context, lunch can serve as a catalyst for informal discussions likely to lead to fruitful collaborations.
Formal vocabulary ('contexte professionnel', 'catalyseur', 'susceptibles de déboucher sur'), complex sentence structure.
La contemplation d'un déjeuner bien préparé peut à elle seule améliorer l'humeur et la concentration.
The contemplation of a well-prepared lunch can in itself improve mood and concentration.
Abstract nouns ('contemplation', 'humeur'), use of 'à elle seule', gerunds.
Il est indéniable que la notion de déjeuner a considérablement évolué, passant d'un repas principal à une pause souvent abrégée.
It is undeniable that the notion of lunch has considerably evolved, moving from a main meal to an often shortened break.
Formal expressions ('il est indéniable que'), comparative adverbs, complex verb phrases.
L'art de composer un déjeuner savoureux et nutritif est une compétence qui demande autant de savoir-faire que de créativité.
The art of composing a tasty and nutritious lunch is a skill that requires as much know-how as creativity.
Abstract concepts ('art', 'compétence'), comparative structures ('autant de... que...').
Les habitudes de déjeuner varient grandement d'une région à l'autre, reflétant des traditions culinaires et des rythmes de vie distincts.
Lunch habits vary greatly from one region to another, reflecting distinct culinary traditions and life rhythms.
Adverbs of degree ('grandement'), participial phrases ('reflétant'), abstract nouns ('traditions', 'rythmes').
La dissertation analysait la dichotomie entre le déjeuner familial traditionnel et les impératifs du monde du travail moderne.
The essay analyzed the dichotomy between the traditional family lunch and the imperatives of the modern working world.
Specialized vocabulary ('dichotomie', 'impératifs'), complex sentence structure.
L'analyse socio-historique du déjeuner révèle une profonde mutation des structures sociales et des modes de consommation au fil des siècles.
The socio-historical analysis of lunch reveals a profound transformation of social structures and consumption patterns over the centuries.
Highly specialized vocabulary ('socio-historique', 'mutation', 'modes de consommation'), complex noun phrases.
La standardisation du déjeuner dans les sociétés industrialisées soulève des questions quant à la préservation de l'identité culinaire locale.
The standardization of lunch in industrialized societies raises questions regarding the preservation of local culinary identity.
Formal vocabulary ('standardisation', 'industrialisées', 'préservation', 'identité culinaire'), complex grammatical structures.
Au-delà de sa fonction nutritive, le déjeuner constitue un marqueur social et culturel dont l'évolution témoigne des changements sociétaux.
Beyond its nutritional function, lunch constitutes a social and cultural marker whose evolution testifies to societal changes.
Abstract concepts ('fonction nutritive', 'marqueur social et culturel', 'témoigne'), complex sentence construction.
L'anthropologie alimentaire explore comment le déjeuner, en tant que rituel quotidien, façonne les interactions sociales et les représentations du temps.
Food anthropology explores how lunch, as a daily ritual, shapes social interactions and representations of time.
Specialized academic vocabulary ('anthropologie alimentaire', 'rituel', 'façonne', 'représentations'), complex sentence structure.
La commensalité durant le déjeuner, autrefois synonyme de partage familial, tend aujourd'hui à se fragmenter sous l'effet des contraintes professionnelles.
Commensality during lunch, once synonymous with family sharing, tends today to fragment under the effect of professional constraints.
Advanced vocabulary ('commensalité', 'synonyme', 'fragmenter', 'contraintes'), nuanced expression of trends.
L'étude comparative des pratiques de déjeuner révèle des divergences notables entre les cultures, soulignant l'importance du contexte historique et économique.
The comparative study of lunch practices reveals notable divergences between cultures, highlighting the importance of historical and economic context.
Academic vocabulary ('comparative', 'divergences', 'notables'), complex sentence structure with participial phrases.
La sécularisation du déjeuner, passant d'un repas souvent collectif à une expérience plus individualisée, reflète la mutation des liens sociaux.
The secularization of lunch, moving from an often collective meal to a more individualized experience, reflects the transformation of social bonds.
Abstract concepts ('sécularisation', 'individualisée', 'mutation des liens sociaux'), complex sentence structure.
La gastronomie française, bien que réputée pour son dîner, accorde également une importance significative à la qualité et à la composition du déjeuner.
French gastronomy, although renowned for its dinner, also accords significant importance to the quality and composition of lunch.
Complex subordinate clauses ('bien que'), formal vocabulary ('accorde une importance significative'), abstract nouns.
常见搭配
常用短语
Bon appétit !
C'est l'heure du déjeuner.
Qu'est-ce que tu prends pour le déjeuner ?
Je vais déjeuner avec...
Un déjeuner rapide
Le déjeuner est servi.
J'ai faim, j'ai besoin de déjeuner.
On se retrouve pour déjeuner ?
Le déjeuner d'aujourd'hui
Un déjeuner complet
容易混淆的词
'Petit-déjeuner' specifically means breakfast (morning meal), while 'déjeuner' means lunch (midday meal). Confusing them is a common beginner mistake.
'Dîner' means dinner (evening meal). 'Déjeuner' is the midday meal, and they occur at different times of the day.
'Repas' is a general term for any meal. 'Déjeuner' is a specific type of 'repas'.
习语与表达
"Manger sur le pouce"
To eat on the go, to eat quickly without sitting down properly. This often happens during a rushed lunch break.
Quand je suis en retard, je mange sur le pouce dans la cuisine.
Informal"Avoir la tête dans le guidon"
To be too focused on one's work to notice anything else. This can lead to forgetting to take a proper lunch break.
Il avait la tête dans le guidon et a oublié de déjeuner.
Informal"Faire une pause déjeuner"
To take a lunch break. This is a standard phrase for stopping work to eat.
Il est important de faire une pause déjeuner pour se ressourcer.
Neutral"Un déjeuner tardif"
A late lunch. Used when lunch is eaten later than the usual time.
J'ai eu une réunion ce matin, donc j'ai pris un déjeuner tardif.
Neutral"Une pause déjeuner express"
A very short lunch break. Used when time is extremely limited.
Aujourd'hui, je n'ai eu droit qu'à une pause déjeuner express.
Informal"Le déjeuner est une affaire sérieuse"
Lunch is a serious matter. Often said humorously to emphasize the importance of the midday meal in French culture.
En France, le déjeuner est une affaire sérieuse, on ne le prend pas à la légère !
Informal/Humorous"La faim justifie les moyens"
Hunger justifies the means. While not directly about lunch, it can apply to why someone might eat quickly or choose less healthy options if they are very hungry at lunchtime.
J'ai mangé une barre de chocolat entière pour le déjeuner, la faim justifie les moyens !
Proverbial/Informal"Être sur la brèche"
To be on duty or busy, often implying little time for breaks like lunch.
Le personnel médical est souvent sur la brèche et a du mal à prendre un vrai déjeuner.
Neutral"Tomber dans le panneau"
To fall into a trap or be deceived. Could be used humorously if someone promises a great lunch but it turns out to be disappointing.
Il m'a promis un déjeuner gastronomique, mais je suis tombé dans le panneau : c'était un sandwich.
Informal"Avoir l'estomac dans les talons"
To be extremely hungry. This is often felt before lunchtime.
Il est 11h30, j'ai l'estomac dans les talons, j'ai hâte de déjeuner.
Informal容易混淆
Both are nouns referring to meals of the day.
'Petit-déjeuner' refers exclusively to the first meal of the day, eaten in the morning. 'Déjeuner' refers to the midday meal, eaten around noon. The 'petit' in 'petit-déjeuner' means 'small' or 'little', distinguishing it from the main midday meal.
Je prends mon petit-déjeuner à 7h et mon déjeuner à 13h.
Both are nouns referring to meals of the day and are key parts of a daily schedule.
'Déjeuner' is the midday meal (lunch). 'Dîner' is the evening meal (dinner). They are chronologically separated by the afternoon. In some contexts, 'dîner' can also refer to a more formal or elaborate meal, regardless of the time.
Nous avons déjeuné à midi et nous dînerons à 20h.
'Déjeuner' is a type of 'repas'.
'Repas' is the general French word for 'meal'. It can refer to breakfast, lunch, dinner, or any occasion where food is served. 'Déjeuner' is specific to the midday meal (lunch). You would say 'le déjeuner' for lunch, but 'un repas' for any meal.
Le déjeuner est mon repas préféré de la journée.
Both relate to eating food.
'Collation' refers to a snack, a light meal eaten between main meals, usually in the afternoon. 'Déjeuner' is the main midday meal. A 'collation' is typically smaller and less formal than a 'déjeuner'.
J'ai pris une collation vers 16h car mon déjeuner était léger.
The noun and verb forms are very similar.
The noun 'déjeuner' (m.) refers to the meal itself (lunch). The verb 'déjeuner' means 'to eat lunch'. While closely related, one is the name of the meal, and the other is the action of eating it.
Le déjeuner est prêt. (The lunch is ready.) Je vais déjeuner. (I am going to have lunch.)
句型
C'est l'heure du [déjeuner].
C'est l'heure du déjeuner.
Je prends mon [déjeuner].
Je prends mon déjeuner.
Nous allons [déjeuner] au [restaurant].
Nous allons déjeuner au restaurant.
Qu'est-ce que tu manges pour le [déjeuner] ?
Qu'est-ce que tu manges pour le déjeuner ?
La pause [déjeuner] dure [X] minutes.
La pause déjeuner dure trente minutes.
Après le [déjeuner], nous [verbe].
Après le déjeuner, nous irons au cinéma.
Il est important de ne pas négliger son [déjeuner].
Il est important de ne pas négliger son déjeuner.
L'évolution du [déjeuner] traditionnel...
L'évolution du déjeuner traditionnel français est notable.
词族
名词
动词
相关
如何使用
Very High
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Using 'déjeuner' for breakfast.
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Using 'petit-déjeuner' for breakfast.
Beginners often confuse 'déjeuner' with breakfast because in some languages, similar words refer to the first meal. In French, 'petit-déjeuner' is exclusively for breakfast (morning meal), while 'déjeuner' is strictly for lunch (midday meal).
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Using the wrong article (e.g., 'la déjeuner').
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'le déjeuner' or 'un déjeuner'.
'Déjeuner' is a masculine noun. It requires masculine articles like 'le' (the) or 'un' (a). Using 'la' or 'une' would be grammatically incorrect.
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Using 'manger' exclusively.
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Using 'prendre le déjeuner' or the verb 'déjeuner'.
While 'manger le déjeuner' is understandable, it's more natural and common in French to say 'prendre le déjeuner' (to have lunch) or simply use the verb 'déjeuner' (to have lunch). For example, 'Je prends mon déjeuner' or 'Je déjeune' are more idiomatic.
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Confusing 'déjeuner' with 'dîner'.
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'Déjeuner' for midday meal, 'dîner' for evening meal.
These words refer to meals at different times of the day. 'Déjeuner' is lunch (midday), and 'dîner' is dinner (evening). The distinction is clear in standard French.
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Pronouncing 'déjeuner' incorrectly.
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Pronouncing the 'u' and 'eu' sounds carefully.
The French 'u' sound (like in 'tu') and the 'eu' sound (like in 'deux') require specific lip rounding and tongue placement that differ from English. Mispronouncing these can make the word hard to understand.
小贴士
Mastering the 'eu' sound
The 'eu' sound in 'déjeuner' is crucial. To make it, round your lips as if you were going to whistle, and then try to say the vowel sound 'e' (as in 'bed'). It's a sound that doesn't exist in English, so practice is key. Listen to native speakers and try to imitate it.
Masculine Noun Reminder
Always remember that 'déjeuner' is masculine. Use 'le déjeuner' and 'un déjeuner'. Avoid 'la déjeuner' or 'une déjeuner' as this would be grammatically incorrect and sound unnatural to a native speaker.
The French Lunch Break
Understand that in France, the midday break ('pause déjeuner') is often a respected time for relaxation and social interaction, not just a quick refuel. This cultural context can help you understand why 'déjeuner' is such an important word.
Link to 'Jeu'
Try linking 'déjeuner' to the word 'jeu' (game). Think of lunch as a midday 'game' or a break from the 'jeune' (fasting) of the morning. This mnemonic can help you recall the word and its meaning.
Verb vs. Noun
Remember that 'déjeuner' can be both a noun (the meal) and a verb (to eat lunch). Practice using both forms: 'Je prends le déjeuner' (noun) and 'Je déjeune' (verb).
Déjeuner vs. Petit-déjeuner vs. Dîner
Always distinguish 'déjeuner' (lunch) from 'petit-déjeuner' (breakfast) and 'dîner' (dinner). These are distinct meals at different times of the day and have separate French terms.
Write Your Own Menu
Imagine you are a chef. Create a simple 'menu déjeuner' for your restaurant. This exercise will help you use 'déjeuner' in a practical, creative context and reinforce its meaning.
Catch the Context
When listening to French, pay attention to the time of day being discussed. If it's around noon, and someone mentions 'déjeuner', you can be confident they mean lunch.
Daily Check-in
Every day, try to recall what you had for 'déjeuner' and say it in French. For example, 'J'ai mangé une salade pour mon déjeuner.' This consistent practice will solidify the word in your memory.
记住它
记忆技巧
Imagine you are 'de'-lighted to have a 'jeu' (game) for 'né' (born) - your lunch is like a new game or a treat for your 'born' day, a special midday moment. Or, think of 'dé-' as undoing the morning's work and 'jeuner' as joining for a meal, so you undo the morning and join for lunch.
视觉联想
Picture a clock showing noon (12:00). Next to it, imagine a delicious-looking plate of food, perhaps a classic French bistro meal like a steak frites or a quiche. The image of the midday hour combined with appealing food strongly represents 'déjeuner'.
Word Web
挑战
Try to use 'déjeuner' in at least three sentences today: one describing what you will eat, one about when you will eat it, and one about who you will eat it with. Focus on using it correctly in context.
词源
The word 'déjeuner' originates from Old French, derived from the Latin 'disiunare' which means 'to break one's fast'. Initially, it referred to breaking the fast of the night, thus meaning breakfast. Over time, the meaning shifted towards the midday meal.
原始含义： To break one's fast (referring to breakfast).
Indo-European > Italic > Latin > Romance > Gallo-Romance > French文化背景
When discussing meals in French, be mindful of the cultural significance placed on 'le déjeuner'. Avoid suggesting that it's merely a quick snack unless that is the explicit context (e.g., 'un déjeuner sur le pouce'). Respecting the midday break is part of understanding French work culture.
In English-speaking countries, 'lunch' is the standard term. While the concept is the same, the cultural emphasis on a leisurely and social midday meal might be less pronounced in some contexts compared to France.
在生活中练习
真实语境
Ordering food at a restaurant
- Je voudrais le menu déjeuner, s'il vous plaît.
- Qu'est-ce qu'il y a dans le déjeuner du jour ?
- Est-ce que vous avez des options végétariennes pour le déjeuner ?
Making plans with friends
- On se retrouve pour déjeuner demain ?
- Tu es libre pour le déjeuner ?
- J'ai réservé une table pour déjeuner à 13h.
At work/school
- Quelle heure est-il ? C'est bientôt l'heure du déjeuner.
- Je vais manger mon déjeuner à la cantine.
- Ma pause déjeuner est de 30 minutes.
Describing a meal
- J'ai eu un déjeuner très léger.
- Le déjeuner était copieux et délicieux.
- C'était un déjeuner d'affaires important.
Asking about food
- Qu'est-ce que tu as mangé pour le déjeuner ?
- Tu as préparé ton déjeuner ?
- On mange quoi pour le déjeuner aujourd'hui ?
对话开场白
"What did you have for lunch today?"
"Do you prefer eating lunch at home or at a restaurant?"
"What's your favorite type of food for lunch?"
"How long is your typical lunch break?"
"Do you think lunch is an important meal of the day?"
日记主题
Describe your ideal lunch. What would you eat, where would you be, and who would you be with?
Think about a memorable lunch you had. What made it special?
How does your lunch routine differ on weekdays versus weekends?
If you could invent a new type of lunch, what would it be?
Write about a time you had to skip lunch. How did it affect you?
常见问题
10 个问题In standard French, 'déjeuner' consistently refers to the midday meal, or lunch. While historically it could mean breakfast, this usage is now obsolete. To avoid confusion, 'petit-déjeuner' is used for breakfast, and 'dîner' for dinner. So, yes, 'déjeuner' is always lunch in modern French.
'Repas' is a general term for any meal (breakfast, lunch, dinner, a snack, etc.). 'Déjeuner' is specific; it refers only to the midday meal (lunch). Think of 'repas' as the category and 'déjeuner' as a specific item within that category.
Yes, you can say 'manger le déjeuner' (to eat lunch). However, French speakers often use the verb 'déjeuner' itself (e.g., 'Je déjeune à 13h') or the phrase 'prendre le déjeuner' (e.g., 'Je prends mon déjeuner à 13h') for a more natural-sounding expression. 'Manger' is more general for 'to eat'.
This varies greatly! Traditionally, it could be the main meal, so it might include a starter (entrée), a main course (plat principal), and cheese or dessert. However, with modern lifestyles, lighter options like sandwiches, salads, quiches, or hot dishes from a 'formule déjeuner' are also very common, especially during the work week.
'Déjeuner' itself is a neutral term. It's used in everyday conversation, in restaurants, and in professional settings. Its formality can be influenced by the context or accompanying phrases. For example, 'un déjeuner d'affaires' is more formal than 'un déjeuner rapide'.
'Déjeuner d'affaires' translates to 'business lunch'. It's a meal taken for professional purposes, often used for meetings, negotiations, or networking. It implies a more structured or purposeful lunch than a casual one.
'Déjeuner' is a masculine noun. Therefore, you would use masculine articles and adjectives with it, such as 'le déjeuner', 'un déjeuner', and 'un bon déjeuner'.
'Déjeuner' is the midday meal (lunch). 'Goûter' is specifically an afternoon snack, typically eaten by children after school. It's lighter and less substantial than 'déjeuner'.
Yes, the plural form of 'déjeuner' is 'déjeuners'. You might use it when referring to multiple lunch events, for example, 'Les déjeuners de la semaine étaient variés.' (The lunches of the week were varied.)
The most common and natural ways are 'Je déjeune' (using the verb) or 'Je prends mon déjeuner'. Saying 'Je mange mon déjeuner' is also correct but slightly less idiomatic for some speakers.
自我测试 10 个问题
/ 10 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
Déjeuner (m) is the French word for lunch, the midday meal. It's a culturally important meal, distinct from breakfast (petit-déjeuner) and dinner (dîner), and is commonly used in everyday conversations about daily routines, work, and social gatherings.
- Déjeuner (m) means lunch, the midday meal.
- It's a significant meal in French culture, eaten around noon.
- Distinguish it from breakfast (petit-déjeuner) and dinner (dîner).
- Use it when referring to the meal itself or the act of eating it.
Mastering the 'eu' sound
The 'eu' sound in 'déjeuner' is crucial. To make it, round your lips as if you were going to whistle, and then try to say the vowel sound 'e' (as in 'bed'). It's a sound that doesn't exist in English, so practice is key. Listen to native speakers and try to imitate it.
Masculine Noun Reminder
Always remember that 'déjeuner' is masculine. Use 'le déjeuner' and 'un déjeuner'. Avoid 'la déjeuner' or 'une déjeuner' as this would be grammatically incorrect and sound unnatural to a native speaker.
Context is Key
While 'déjeuner' means lunch, pay attention to the context. Is it a quick lunch ('un déjeuner rapide'), a business lunch ('un déjeuner d'affaires'), or a leisurely family lunch ('un déjeuner en famille')? Using descriptive adjectives will enrich your vocabulary and understanding.
The French Lunch Break
Understand that in France, the midday break ('pause déjeuner') is often a respected time for relaxation and social interaction, not just a quick refuel. This cultural context can help you understand why 'déjeuner' is such an important word.
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