用你的语言查看此页面

English

فارسی

العربية

Deutsch

Español

Français

日本語

한국어

Português

हिन्दी

首页
学习
印地语
词汇
मैला

A1 noun #3,500 最常用 10分钟阅读

मैला

maila 前3,500

开始练习例句笔记与提示 मैला 30秒了解

解析 मैला in your Level:

At the A1 level, 'मैला' (Mailā) is one of the first adjectives you learn to describe physical objects. You will primarily use it to talk about clothes, hands, or toys that need washing. It is important to learn it alongside its opposite, 'साफ' (Saaf - clean). At this stage, focus on the basic masculine/feminine changes: 'mailā' for a boy's shirt and 'mailī' for a girl's dress. You will use it in simple 'Subject + Adjective + Verb' sentences like 'Yeh kapda maila hai' (This cloth is dirty). It helps you communicate basic needs, like asking for a clean plate or explaining why you need to wash your hands. Don't worry about complex metaphors yet; just use it for visible dirt.

At the A2 level, you start using 'मैला' (Mailā) in more descriptive ways and within past tense sentences. You might describe how something *became* dirty using the verb 'ho gayā'. For example, 'Bārish mein mere joote maile ho gaye' (My shoes became dirty in the rain). You will also begin to encounter the plural form 'maile' more frequently when talking about multiple items like 'maile kapde' (dirty clothes). You should be able to distinguish 'mailā' from 'gandā' in basic contexts, recognizing that 'mailā' is specifically for grime. You might also start using intensifiers like 'bahut' (very) to say 'bahut mailā' (very dirty).

免费注册阅读完整解释

At the B1 level, you can use 'मैला' (Mailā) to describe more abstract concepts like the 'dullness' of a color or the state of the environment. You will understand how to use the word in the oblique case (e.g., 'maile kapdon mein' - in dirty clothes). You'll also start hearing the word in common idioms or compound expressions like 'mailā-kuchailā' (filthy and ragged). Your vocabulary expands to include synonyms like 'malīn' for formal writing. You can now participate in conversations about household chores or environmental issues (like dirty river water) using this word with confidence and correct grammatical agreement.

免费注册阅读完整解释

At the B2 level, you understand the nuanced social and literary uses of 'मैला' (Mailā). You can read news articles about 'mailā pānī' (sewage/polluted water) or social issues like 'mailā prathā' (manual scavenging). You understand that in literature, a 'mailā' heart or 'āñchal' represents deeper societal stains or moral complexities. You can use the word fluently in complex sentence structures, such as conditional clauses ('If the water is dirty, don't drink it'). You are also comfortable using the word in professional settings, such as discussing textile quality or hygiene standards in a workplace.

免费注册阅读完整解释

At the C1 level, you have a deep appreciation for the etymological roots of 'मैला' (Mailā) and its connection to the Sanskrit 'mala'. You can appreciate high-level literature like Phanishwar Nath 'Renu's' 'Mailā Ānchal' and discuss the symbolic significance of the word in that context. You can use the word to describe subtle changes in aesthetics, such as the 'mailā' (muddy) tones in a painting or the 'mailā' (tarnished) reputation of a public figure. Your usage is indistinguishable from a native speaker, and you can switch between 'mailā', 'malīn', 'ashuddh', and 'gandā' to convey precise shades of meaning.

免费注册阅读完整解释

At the C2 level, 'मैला' (Mailā) is a tool for poetic and philosophical expression. You can use it to discuss the 'mail' (impurity) of the soul in a philosophical debate or analyze the word's role in shaping social hierarchies in Indian history. You understand the most obscure idioms and historical references involving the word. You can articulate the difference between physical dirt, ritual impurity, and moral corruption with extreme precision. You might even use the word in creative writing to evoke specific atmospheres, using its phonetic qualities to add texture to your descriptions of a dusty, ancient city or a rain-soaked landscape.

免费注册阅读完整解释

开始练习例句笔记与提示

मैला 30秒了解

मैला (Mailā) is a common Hindi adjective meaning 'dirty', 'soiled', or 'stained', primarily used for physical objects like clothes.
It is a variable adjective, changing to 'mailī' for feminine nouns and 'maile' for masculine plural or oblique cases.
Unlike 'gandā', which is general, 'mailā' specifically implies the presence of 'mail' (grime or scum) that needs washing.
It can also describe dull or muddy colors and is used metaphorically in literature to represent social or moral 'stains'.

The Hindi word मैला (Mailā) is a fundamental adjective that every Hindi learner should master early in their journey. At its core, it translates to 'dirty', 'soiled', or 'stained' in English. However, unlike the more general word 'गंदा' (Gandā), which can mean anything from a dirty room to a 'bad' person, मैला specifically refers to the presence of physical dirt, dust, or grime on a surface that was previously clean. It is most commonly used in the context of laundry, personal hygiene, and household surfaces. When you see a white shirt that has turned gray from use, or a towel that has been used for a week without washing, the word you are looking for is मैला.

Physical State: It describes the accumulation of 'mail' (dirt/scum). If a child plays in the mud, their clothes become मैले (the plural form).

यह सफेद कमीज बहुत मैली हो गई है। (This white shirt has become very dirty.)

Beyond just 'dirty', the word also carries a connotation of 'dullness'. In the world of colors, a 'mailā' color is one that lacks vibrancy or looks muddy. For instance, if you mix too many bright paints together, the resulting color might be described as मैला. It suggests a loss of purity. In rural or traditional settings, you might hear this word used to describe the state of water in a pond after a heavy rain, where the silt has risen to the top, making the water look brownish and 'soiled'.

Common Usage: Used frequently by parents telling children to change clothes, or by people at a laundry service (dhobi ghat) identifying which items need extra scrubbing.

तुम्हारे हाथ मैले हैं, पहले उन्हें धो लो। (Your hands are dirty, wash them first.)

In a broader sense, मैला can also be used metaphorically, though less commonly than 'gandā'. A 'mailā man' (dirty heart/mind) refers to someone who harbors ill will or lacks transparency in their intentions. However, in 90% of daily conversations, you will hear it in the context of tangible, physical dirt. It is a word that emphasizes the need for cleansing. If something is मैला, the immediate logical next step in a Hindi speaker's mind is 'dhonā' (to wash) or 'saaf karnā' (to clean).

बारिश के बाद कार बहुत मैली दिख रही है। (The car is looking very dirty after the rain.)

Nuance: While 'Gandā' can refer to trash or moral filth, Mailā is specifically about 'mail' (grime/scum) that accumulates over time.

क्या तुम इन मैले कपड़ों को धो सकते हो? (Can you wash these dirty clothes?)

Using मैला correctly requires an understanding of Hindi's gendered adjective system. Since मैला ends in the 'ā' sound, it is a variable adjective. This means it must change its ending to match the noun it modifies. If you are talking about a masculine singular noun like 'kapḍā' (cloth), you use मैला. If you are talking about a feminine noun like 'kameez' (shirt) or 'chādar' (bedsheet), you must use मैली. For masculine plural nouns like 'hāth' (hands) or 'joote' (shoes), you use मैले.

Masculine Singular: यह फर्श बहुत मैला है। (This floor is very dirty.)

उसका चेहरा धूल से मैला हो गया था। (His face had become dirty with dust.)

When used in a sentence, मैला often appears with the verb 'honā' (to be/become) or 'dikhna' (to look/appear). For example, 'Mailā ho gayā' means 'it has become dirty'. This is a very common construction when talking about the results of an activity, such as playing sports or working in a garden. You can also use it to describe the quality of something, like 'mailā pānī' (dirty water). In this case, the adjective comes before the noun, following standard Hindi grammar rules.

Feminine Usage: उसकी गुड़िया मैली हो गई है। (Her doll has become dirty.)

यह दीवार कितनी मैली है! (How dirty this wall is!)

In more complex sentences, मैला can be used to compare things. 'Yeh kapḍā us kapḍe se zyādā mailā hai' (This cloth is dirtier than 그 cloth). It can also be intensified with words like 'bahut' (very) or 'bilkul' (completely). 'Bilkul mailā' implies something is filthy or completely covered in grime. Understanding these variations allows you to describe the degree of cleanliness with precision, which is vital in everyday tasks like asking for a clean glass in a restaurant or telling a roommate to clean up.

शहर की हवा मैली और प्रदूषित है। (The city's air is dirty and polluted.)

Plural Masculine: सारे बर्तन मैले पड़े हैं। (All the utensils are lying dirty.)

मैदान में खेलने से जूते मैले हो गए। (The shoes got dirty from playing in the field.)

You will encounter मैला in a variety of real-life settings in India and Hindi-speaking regions. One of the most common places is within the household. Mothers and caregivers frequently use this word when speaking to children who have been playing outside. You'll hear phrases like 'Kapde maile mat karo' (Don't get your clothes dirty). It's also a staple word in the laundry industry. If you go to a 'dhobi' (traditional laundryman) or a modern dry cleaner, they will use मैला to categorize the level of cleaning required for your garments.

At Home: 'Maile kapdon ki balti' refers to the bucket for dirty clothes (the hamper).

माँ, मेरे कपड़े मैले हो गए हैं। (Mom, my clothes have become dirty.)

Another environment where you'll hear this word is in the marketplace or during construction. When people talk about 'mailā pānī' (dirty water) or 'mailā rasta' (a dirty/dusty path), they are describing the physical conditions of their surroundings. In literature and songs, मैला is sometimes used to evoke a sense of poverty or hardship. A famous Hindi novel by Phanishwar Nath 'Renu' is titled 'Mailā Ānchal' (The Soiled Border/Region), where the word serves as a powerful metaphor for the social and political complexities of a rural village. Here, the 'soiled' nature isn't just about dirt, but about the struggles and 'impurities' of human life.

In Public: You might hear a passenger on a bus complain about a मैली seat (dirty seat).

इस होटल की चादरें बहुत मैली हैं। (The sheets of this hotel are very dirty.)

In television dramas or movies, characters might use the term to describe a 'mailā' character—someone who is untrustworthy. However, in the news or technical reports, you'll see it used in discussions about environmental pollution. 'Mailā pānī' can refer to sewage or industrial runoff. Interestingly, the word is also used in the context of 'manual scavenging' (the cleaning of human waste), which is a significant social issue in India. The term 'mailā dhonā' is the specific phrase used for this practice, making the word deeply intertwined with socio-economic discussions.

तालाब का पानी मैला हो गया है। (The pond water has become dirty/muddy.)

News/Media: Environmentalists often warn about मैली rivers like the Yamuna.

धूप में रहने से रंग मैला पड़ जाता है। (The complexion becomes dull/tanned from being in the sun.)

The most frequent mistake English speakers make when learning मैला is confusing it with the word मेला (Melā). While they look similar in the Roman script, they are pronounced differently and have completely unrelated meanings. मैला (Mailā) means 'dirty', while मेला (Melā) means 'a fair' or 'a festival'. The difference lies in the vowel sound: 'ai' (as in 'apple' or 'cat') versus 'e' (as in 'play' or 'say'). Saying 'Main mele gaya' means 'I went to the fair', but saying 'Main maila gaya' is nonsensical and sounds like 'I went dirty'.

Pronunciation Pitfall: Confusing मैला (My-laa) with मेला (May-laa).

गलत (Wrong): यह कपड़ा मेला है। (This cloth is a fair.)
सही (Right): यह कपड़ा मैला है। (This cloth is dirty.)

Another mistake involves overusing मैला where गंदा (Gandā) would be more appropriate. Remember that मैला is strictly for physical grime. If you want to say a movie is 'dirty' (obscene) or a person is 'dirty' (mean/vile), using मैला will sound very strange to a native speaker. In those cases, 'Gandā' is the correct term. Similarly, if a room is messy with toys everywhere but no actual dirt, it is 'asavyavasthit' (disorganized) or 'gandā', but not necessarily मैला.

Agreement Error: Failing to change मैला to मैली for feminine nouns like 'kameez' or 'topi'.

गलत (Wrong): तुम्हारी टोपी मैला है।
सही (Right): तुम्हारी टोपी मैली है।

Lastly, learners sometimes forget the 'oblique' form. If you are saying 'on the dirty floor', the word मैला must change to मैले because of the postposition 'par'. So it becomes 'maile farsh par'. This is a slightly more advanced grammar rule, but ignoring it is a common marker of a beginner. Always check if there is a 'ko', 'se', 'mein', or 'par' following your noun-adjective pair!

गलत (Wrong): मैला पानी में मत खेलो।
सही (Right): मैले पानी में मत खेलो। (Don't play in the dirty water.)

Confusion with 'Mail': Using 'Mailā' when you mean the noun 'Mail' (dirt). 'Mailā' is the adjective; 'Mail' is the substance.

गलत (Wrong): हाथ पर मैला लगा है।
सही (Right): हाथ पर मैैल लगा है। (There is dirt on the hand.)

While मैला is the standard word for 'soiled', Hindi offers several synonyms and related terms that can help you sound more natural or formal depending on the context. The most common alternative is गंदा (Gandā). While मैला is about grime, 'Gandā' is a broad term for anything unpleasant, dirty, or bad. If you are unsure, 'Gandā' is usually a safe bet, but मैला is more precise for laundry and physical stains.

Comparison: Mailā vs. Gandā: मैला: Specific to physical grime/scum (e.g., a shirt).
गंदा: General dirt, mess, or moral badness (e.g., a bad habit).

उसका कमरा गंदा है, लेकिन उसके कपड़े मैले हैं। (His room is messy/dirty, but his clothes are soiled.)

For a more formal or literary tone, you can use मलीन (Malīn). This word is derived from Sanskrit and is often used in poetry or formal speeches to describe something that has lost its purity or brightness. You might hear 'Malīn chehrā' to describe a face darkened by sadness or 'Malīn pānī' in a scientific report about water pollution. Another related word is अशुद्ध (Ashuddh), which means 'impure'. This is usually used in a ritual or chemical context, such as impure gold or food that isn't fit for a religious offering.

Other Alternatives: 1. धूल-भरा (Dhool-bharā): Dusty.
2. कीचड़-भरा (Keechad-bharā): Muddy.
3. प्रदूषित (Pradooshit): Polluted (formal).

शहर की नदियाँ बहुत प्रदूषित हो गई हैं। (The city's rivers have become very polluted.)

If you want to describe something that is just slightly dirty, you can use the suffix '-sā'. 'Mailā-sā' means 'somewhat dirty' or 'dirty-ish'. This is very common in spoken Hindi when you don't want to be too harsh. For example, 'Tumhārā chahrā kuch mailā-sā lag rahā hai' (Your face is looking a bit dirty). Conversely, if something is extremely filthy, you might use the intensive phrase मैला-कुचैला (Mailā-kuchailā). This is a common Hindi reduplication where the second word adds emphasis, implying someone is wearing ragged and very dirty clothes.

वह मैले-कुचैले कपड़ों में भीख माँग रहा था। (He was begging in filthy, ragged clothes.)

Antonyms: 1. साफ (Saaf): Clean.
2. स्वच्छ (Swachh): Pure/Clean (formal/Sanskritized).

धोने के बाद कपड़े साफ हो गए। (After washing, the clothes became clean.)

How Formal Is It?

趣味小知识

The root 'mala' is also found in many scientific terms in English via Latin/Greek roots, often relating to 'bad' or 'ill' (like malaise or malaria), though the Hindi path is direct from Sanskrit.

发音指南

UK /mɛː.lɑː/

US /mæ.lɑ/

Stress is evenly distributed, with a slight emphasis on the first syllable 'Mai'.

押韵词

थैला (Thailā - Bag) फैला (Phailā - Spread) छैला (Chhailā - Dandy/Young man) मैला (Mailā - Dirty) अकेला (Akelā - Alone - partial rhyme) केला (Kelā - Banana - partial rhyme) खेला (Khelā - Played - partial rhyme) चेला (Chelā - Disciple - partial rhyme)

常见错误

Pronouncing it as 'Mela' (like 'May-la'), which means a fair.
Not lengthening the final 'ā' sound.
Using a short 'i' sound instead of the wide 'ai' diphthong.

难度评级

阅读 2/5

Easy to read but easily confused with 'Mela' (fair).

写作 3/5

Requires correct spelling of the 'ai' matra (two strokes).

口语 3/5

Needs clear distinction between 'ai' and 'e' sounds.

听力 3/5

Context is key to distinguish from similar sounding words.

接下来学什么

前置知识

साफ (Saaf) कपड़ा (Kapda) हाथ (Hath) पानी (Pani) है (Hai)

接下来学习

धोना (Dhona) साबुन (Sabun) गंदा (Ganda) मलीन (Malin) दाग (Daag)

高级

प्रदूषण (Pradooshan) अशुद्धता (Ashuddhata) आंचलिक (Aanchalik) कुचैला (Kuchaila)

需要掌握的语法

Adjective-Noun Agreement

मैला (M) - मैली (F) - मैले (Plural)

Oblique Case Transformation

मैले कपड़े में (In the dirty cloth - singular oblique)

Reduplication for Emphasis

मैला-कुचैला (Extremely dirty)

Using 'Ho Gaya' for State Change

मैला हो गया (Became dirty)

Comparative Degree

यह उससे ज्यादा मैला है (This is dirtier than that)

免费注册阅读完整解释

按水平分级的例句

यह कपड़ा मैला है।

This cloth is dirty.

Simple Subject + Adjective + Verb structure.

तुम्हारी शर्ट मैली है।

Your shirt is dirty.

'Mailī' is used because 'shurt' (shirt) is feminine in Hindi.

मेरे हाथ मैले हैं।

My hands are dirty.

'Maile' is the masculine plural form matching 'hāth' (hands).

क्या यह पानी मैला है?

Is this water dirty?

Interrogative sentence using 'kyā'.

मैला जूता बाहर रखो।

Keep the dirty shoe outside.

Adjective 'mailā' comes before the noun 'jootā'.

वह मैली गुड़िया है।

That is a dirty doll.

'Mailī' agrees with the feminine noun 'guḍiyā'.

यह कमरा मैला नहीं है।

This room is not dirty.

Negative sentence using 'nahīn'.

मुझे मैला कपड़ा दो।

Give me the dirty cloth.

Imperative sentence.

खेलने के बाद मेरे कपड़े मैले हो गए।

After playing, my clothes became dirty.

Uses 'ho gaye' (became) for masculine plural.

यह चादर बहुत मैली दिख रही है।

This bedsheet is looking very dirty.

Uses 'dikh rahī hai' (is looking) for feminine singular.

क्या तुमने मैले कपड़े धोए?

Did you wash the dirty clothes?

Past tense question.

बारिश की वजह से कार मैली हो गई।

The car got dirty because of the rain.

Causal sentence using 'ki vajah se'.

मैले बर्तन सिंक में हैं।

The dirty utensils are in the sink.

'Maile' agrees with masculine plural 'bartan'.

उसका चेहरा धूल से मैला था।

His face was dirty with dust.

Past tense 'thā' with masculine singular.

मैली दीवार को साफ करो।

Clean the dirty wall.

Object focus with 'ko'.

यह तौलिया थोड़ा मैला है।

This towel is a bit dirty.

Uses 'thoḍā' as a modifier.

नदी का पानी मैला और काला हो गया है।

The river water has become dirty and black.

Compound adjectives describing a condition.

उसने मैले कपड़ों में ही इंटरव्यू दिया।

He gave the interview in dirty clothes.

Oblique case 'maile' used before 'kapdon'.

पीला रंग अब मैला सा लग रहा है।

The yellow color is now looking somewhat dirty/muddy.

Metaphorical use for color dullness.

शहर की हवा बहुत मैली हो गई है।

The city's air has become very dirty/polluted.

Abstract use for air quality.

मैले-कुचैले कपड़ों में एक बच्चा रो रहा था।

A child in filthy, ragged clothes was crying.

Use of the compound 'mailā-kuchailā'.

बिना धोए यह शीशा मैला ही रहेगा।

Without washing, this glass will remain dirty.

Future tense 'rahegā'.

सड़क पर मैला कीचड़ फैला हुआ था।

Dirty mud was spread on the road.

Describing environmental conditions.

उसकी नीयत मैली लगती है।

His intentions seem dirty/dishonest.

Figurative use for character.

औद्योगिक कचरे ने पूरी झील को मैला कर दिया है।

Industrial waste has made the whole lake dirty.

Active construction with 'kar diyā'.

गरीबी के कारण वे मैले हाल में रहने को मजबूर हैं।

Due to poverty, they are forced to live in a dirty state/condition.

Abstract use for living conditions.

राजनीति ने समाज के ताने-बाने को मैला कर दिया है।

Politics has soiled the fabric of society.

High-level metaphorical usage.

मैला ढोने की प्रथा को जड़ से खत्म करना होगा।

The practice of manual scavenging (carrying waste) must be eradicated.

Specific socio-political terminology.

धूप और धूल ने उसकी त्वचा को मैला बना दिया था।

Sun and dust had made his skin look dull/tanned.

Describing physical appearance over time.

इस पुरानी किताब के पन्ने मैले और पीले पड़ गए हैं।

The pages of this old book have become soiled and yellow.

Describing aging of objects.

उसने अपनी मैली चादर को झाड़कर बिछा लिया।

He shook his dirty sheet and spread it out.

Participial construction 'jhāḍkar'.

मैले पानी से नहाने से बीमारियाँ फैलती हैं।

Bathing with dirty water spreads diseases.

General truth/scientific statement.

लेखक ने गाँव की मैली हकीकत को बड़े साहस से पेश किया है।

The author has presented the grimy reality of the village with great courage.

Literary analysis context.

मन की मैल को धोना बाहरी सफाई से कहीं अधिक कठिन है।

Washing the dirt of the mind is much harder than external cleaning.

Philosophical usage of the noun 'mail'.

भ्रष्टाचार ने विभाग की छवि को पूरी तरह मैला कर दिया है।

Corruption has completely tarnished the image of the department.

Professional/Corporate metaphor.

उसके व्यक्तित्व का मैला पक्ष धीरे-धीरे सामने आने लगा।

The dark/dirty side of his personality slowly began to emerge.

Character analysis.

यह चित्रकारी अपनी मैली रंगत के कारण उदास लगती है।

This painting looks gloomy due to its muddy/dirty tones.

Artistic critique.

मैले इतिहास के पन्नों को पलटना हमेशा सुखद नहीं होता।

Turning the pages of a soiled history is not always pleasant.

Historical metaphor.

उसकी आँखों में एक मैली सी चमक थी, जो धोखे का संकेत दे रही थी।

There was a murky glint in his eyes that signaled deceit.

Nuanced descriptive prose.

विकास की अंधी दौड़ ने प्रकृति के आँचल को मैला कर दिया है।

The blind race for development has soiled the lap of nature.

Environmental/Poetic personification.

फणीश्वरनाथ रेणु का 'मैला आँचल' आंचलिक उपन्यास की पराकाष्ठा है।

Phanishwar Nath Renu's 'Maila Anchal' is the pinnacle of regional novels.

Academic literary discussion.

आत्मा पर जमी मैली परतों को हटाने के लिए स्वाध्याय आवश्यक है।

Self-study is necessary to remove the soiled layers accumulated on the soul.

Metaphysical discourse.

शब्दों की मैली राजनीति अक्सर सत्य को ओझल कर देती है।

The dirty politics of words often obscures the truth.

Linguistic/Political philosophy.

उसने अपने अतीत के मैले दागों को धोने का संकल्प लिया।

He resolved to wash away the dirty stains of his past.

Redemptive narrative.

सभ्यता का मैला अवशेष आज भी उन खंडहरों में मिलता है।

The grimy remains of civilization are still found in those ruins.

Archeological/Philosophical observation.

क्या मानवीय संवेदनाएँ भी समय के साथ मैली हो जाती हैं?

Do human emotions also become soiled/tarnished with time?

Existential inquiry.

उसकी मुस्कान के पीछे एक मैला षड्यंत्र छिपा था।

A dirty conspiracy was hidden behind his smile.

Complex narrative structure.

समाज के मैलेपन को दूर करने के लिए वैचारिक क्रांति की आवश्यकता है।

An ideological revolution is needed to remove the dirtiness/corruption of society.

Sociological analysis.

近义词

गंदा मलिन अशुद्ध दूषित नापाक

反义词

साफ़ स्वच्छ निर्मल

常见搭配

मैले कपड़े

मैला पानी

मैला हाथ

मैला रंग

मैला फर्श

मैला होना

मैला करना

मैला दिखना

मैला बर्तन

मैला मन

常用短语

कपड़े मैले करना

— To get clothes dirty. Often said to children.

बाहर जाकर कपड़े मैले मत करना।

मैला ढोना

— Specifically refers to the social practice of manual scavenging.

मैला ढोने की प्रथा एक सामाजिक कलंक है।

मैला पड़ जाना

— To become dull or lose brightness (often used for colors or skin).

धूप में उसका रंग मैला पड़ गया।

मैले कपड़ों की टोकरी

— The laundry basket or hamper.

मैले कपड़ों की टोकरी भर गई है।

मैला-कुचैला हाल

— A state of being very dirty and ragged.

वह मैला-कुचैला हाल में घर लौटा।

मैला बर्तन

— Dirty dishes/utensils.

मैले बर्तन कौन साफ करेगा?

मैला रास्ता

— A dirty or muddy path.

बारिश के बाद रास्ता मैला हो गया है।

मैली चादर

— A dirty bedsheet.

मैली चादर बदल दो।

हाथ मैले होना

— To have dirty hands.

मिट्टी में खेलने से हाथ मैले हो गए।

मैला शीशा

— A dirty mirror or glass.

मैला शीशा साफ कर दो।

容易混淆的词

मैला vs मेला (Melā)

Means 'a fair'. Confused due to similar Roman spelling.

मैला vs मैला (Mailā) vs गंदा (Gandā)

Mailā is for physical grime; Gandā is for general badness or mess.

मैला vs मैैल (Mail)

Mail is the noun (dirt); Mailā is the adjective (dirty).

习语与表达

"मन मैला करना"

— To feel bad, resentful, or to harbor ill will towards someone.

छोटी बातों पर मन मैला नहीं करना चाहिए।

Informal/Neutral

"मैला आँचल"

— Literally 'soiled border', metaphorically referring to the struggles of rural life.

यह गाँव आज भी 'मैला आँचल' की याद दिलाता है।

Literary

"मैला दाग"

— A stain on one's character or reputation.

उसने अपने चरित्र पर कोई मैला दाग नहीं लगने दिया।

Formal

"मैली आँख से देखना"

— To look at someone with lust or bad intentions.

वह उसे मैली आँख से देख रहा था।

Informal

"मैला-कुचैला"

— Extremely dirty and in poor condition.

वह मैला-कुचैला बनकर घूम रहा है।

Common

"मैला हाथ"

— Metaphor for being involved in corruption.

इस घोटाले में सबके हाथ मैले हैं।

Figurative

"मैली नीयत"

— Dishonest or bad intentions.

उसकी मैली नीयत का सबको पता चल गया।

Common

"मैला साया"

— A bad influence or a dark shadow (metaphorical).

बुरी संगति का मैला साया बच्चों पर पड़ सकता है।

Literary

"मैली गंगा"

— Referring to the pollution of the holy river, often used to critique hypocrisy.

मैली गंगा को साफ करना हम सबकी जिम्मेदारी है।

Social/Political

"मैलापन"

— The quality of being dirty; used for character flaws.

इंसान के अंदर का मैलापन बाहर की सफाई से नहीं जाता।

Philosophical

容易混淆

मैला vs मेला

Similar spelling and sound for learners.

Melā (Fair) vs Mailā (Dirty). The vowel sound is the key difference.

हम मेले (fair) गए लेकिन हमारे कपड़े मैले (dirty) हो गए।

मैला vs मैल

Noun vs Adjective confusion.

Mail is the substance (dirt/grime). Mailā is the state of being dirty.

कमीज पर मैैल (dirt) लगा है, इसलिए वह मैली (dirty) है।

मैला vs मलीन

Synonym confusion.

Malīn is formal/literary; Mailā is common/everyday.

उसका चेहरा मलीन (literary dirty/sad) था।

मैला vs गंदा

Interchangeable in English ('dirty').

Gandā includes moral filth or messiness; Mailā is strictly physical grime.

कमरा गंदा (messy) है, चादर मैली (soiled) है।

मैला vs थैला

Rhyming confusion.

Thailā means 'a bag'.

मैला (dirty) थैला (bag) धो लो।

句型

[Noun] [Adjective] hai.

Kapda maila hai.

[Noun] [Adjective] ho gaya.

Hath maile ho gaye.

[Adjective] [Noun] ko [Verb].

Maile kapde ko dho do.

[Noun] ki vajah se [Noun] [Adjective] hai.

Dhool ki vajah se car maili hai.

[Abstract Noun] [Adjective] lag raha hai.

Uska vyaktitv maila lag raha hai.

[Noun] ka [Adjective] paksh.

Itihas ka maila paksh.

[Metaphorical phrase involving maila].

Atma ki maili partein.

[Literary reference].

Maila Anchal ek shashakt upanyas hai.

词族

名词

मैैल (Mail) - Dirt, scum, grime

मैलापन (Mailāpan) - Dirtiness, soiled state

动词

मैला करना (Mailā karnā) - To make dirty

मैला होना (Mailā honā) - To become dirty

形容词

मैला (Mailā) - Dirty (Masculine)

मैली (Mailī) - Dirty (Feminine)

मैले (Maile) - Dirty (Plural/Oblique)

如何使用

frequency

Very common in daily household life, laundry, and hygiene contexts.

常见错误

Saying 'Yeh shirt maila hai'. → Yeh shirt maili hai.
Shirt (kameez) is feminine, so the adjective must be 'mailī'.
Pronouncing it as 'Mela'. → Maila.
Mela means a fair. Maila means dirty. The vowel difference is crucial.
Using 'mailā' for a messy room. → Ganda.
Mailā is for grime/stains. A messy room is 'gandā'.
Using 'mailā' as a noun for dirt. → Mail.
Mailā is the adjective (dirty). Mail is the noun (dirt).
Forgetting the oblique form 'maile farsh par'. → Maile farsh par.
Before a postposition, masculine singular 'ā' adjectives change to 'e'.

小贴士

Gender Agreement

Always check the noun gender. Mailā (M), Mailī (F), Maile (Plural). This is the most common error for beginners.

Laundry Context

If you are at a dry cleaner in India, use 'mailā' to point out stains. It's the most professional way to describe the issue.

Avoid 'Mela'

Practice saying 'Mai' (like 'apple') and 'Me' (like 'may') separately to avoid calling a dirty shirt a 'festival shirt'.

Describing Colors

Use 'mailā' to describe colors that look muddy or have lost their brightness. It adds a native touch to your descriptions.

Social Sensitivity

Be aware of the term 'mailā dhonā'. It's a heavy social term. Use it only when discussing social issues, not in casual conversation.

Visual Cue

Associate 'Mail' with 'Mud'. Both start with M. Mud makes things 'Mailā'.

Oblique Form

Remember that 'mailā' becomes 'maile' before a postposition (like 'maile kapde par').

Mailā vs Gandā

Use 'mailā' for things that need soap. Use 'gandā' for things that are bad or messy.

Heart and Mind

Use 'man mailā karnā' to describe feeling upset or resentful. It's a very common emotional idiom.

Compound Words

Use 'mailā-kuchailā' in descriptive writing to make your prose more evocative and rhythmic.

记住它

记忆技巧

Think of 'Mail' (the physical dirt) + 'ā'. If your 'Mail' (postal mail) falls in the mud, it becomes 'Mailā' (dirty).

视觉联想

Imagine a white shirt falling into a puddle of brown mud. The moment it touches the mud, it is 'Mailā'.

Word Web

Kapda (Cloth) Hath (Hand) Pani (Water) Dhona (Wash) Saaf (Clean) Ganda (Dirty) Mail (Grime) Maila-Kuchaila (Filthy)

挑战

Try to find 3 things in your room that are 'maile' and say 'Yeh [object] mailā hai' for each.

词源

Derived from the Sanskrit word 'मल' (mala), which means impurity, dirt, or waste. Over centuries, it evolved through Prakrit into the modern Hindi 'मैला'.

原始含义： Impurity or bodily waste.

Indo-Aryan

文化背景

Be careful when using 'mailā' in the context of 'mailā dhonā', as it refers to a sensitive social issue regarding caste and manual labor.

English speakers often use 'dirty' for everything. Hindi speakers are more likely to use 'Mailā' specifically for things that can be laundered.

Mailā Ānchal (Novel by Phanishwar Nath Renu) Swachh Bharat Abhiyan (Government campaign to remove 'mail' and 'gandagi') Dhobi Ghat (The famous open-air laundry in Mumbai where 'maile' clothes are cleaned)

在生活中练习

真实语境

Laundry

मैले कपड़े कहाँ हैं?
यह शर्ट मैली है।
मैले कपड़ों को धो दो।
ज्यादा मैला मत करो।

Hygiene

तुम्हारे हाथ मैले हैं।
मैले हाथों से खाना मत खाओ।
चेहरा मैला हो गया है।
मैले नाखून काटो।

House Cleaning

फर्श मैला है।
शीशा मैला दिख रहा है।
मैली चादर बदलनी है।
दीवार मैले मत करो।

Environment

पानी मैला है।
रास्ता बहुत मैला है।
हवा मैली हो गई है।
तालाब का पानी मैला मत करो।

Colors/Art

यह रंग मैला लग रहा है।
मैली रंगत।
सफेद रंग मैला पड़ गया।
पेंट मैला हो गया है।

对话开场白

"क्या तुम्हारे पास कोई मैले कपड़े हैं जो धोने हैं?"

"देखो, बारिश की वजह से सड़क कितनी मैली हो गई है!"

"क्या आपको लगता है कि इस शहर की हवा मैली हो रही है?"

"यह सफेद कमीज बहुत जल्दी मैली हो जाती है, है ना?"

"तुम्हारे जूते इतने मैले कैसे हुए?"

日记主题

आज मैंने अपने मैले कपड़ों को धोया और मुझे कैसा महसूस हुआ...

मेरे बचपन की एक याद जब मैं बहुत मैला होकर घर लौटा था...

क्या बाहरी सफाई से ज्यादा मन की सफाई जरूरी है? अपने विचार लिखें।

अपने शहर की किसी ऐसी जगह के बारे में लिखें जो बहुत मैली है और उसे कैसे साफ किया जा सकता है।

फणीश्वरनाथ रेणु के उपन्यास 'मैला आँचल' के शीर्षक पर अपनी टिप्पणी लिखें।

常见问题

10 个问题

Not usually. 'मैला' refers to grime or stains. If a room has toys everywhere but the floor is clean, use 'गंदा' (Gandā) or 'अव्यवस्थित' (Asavyavasthit). Use 'मैला' if the floor is actually covered in mud or dust.

'मैला' is specific to physical dirt (like mud on a shirt). 'गंदा' is general and can mean messy, bad, or obscene. You can have a 'gandī' movie, but not a 'mailī' movie.

You say 'मैले हाथ' (Maile hāth). Since 'hāth' is masculine plural here, the adjective changes to 'maile'.

Yes, it is a neutral, descriptive word. However, telling someone their clothes are 'maile' might be seen as a bit blunt, just like in English.

If you mean they are physically covered in dirt, yes. If you mean they are 'dirty' in character, 'गंदा' or 'नीच' is more common, though 'mailā man' (dirty heart) is used poetically.

It is an emphatic compound meaning 'extremely filthy and ragged'. It's often used to describe beggars or someone who hasn't changed clothes in weeks.

It's like the 'a' in 'apple'. Imagine saying 'My' but stopping halfway and flattening the sound. It is a wide, open vowel.

Yes, it is used, but 'मलीन' or 'दूषित' are often preferred in very formal writing or news reports.

The most common opposite is 'साफ' (Saaf), which means clean.

Because Hindi adjectives must agree with the gender of the noun. 'कमीज' (shirt) is feminine, so we say 'मैली कमीज'.

免费注册查看提示和笔记