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B1 noun #3,000 最常用 10分钟阅读

자격

开始练习 例句 笔记与提示 자격 30秒了解
解析 자격 in your Level:
At the A1 level, '자격' is a bit advanced, but you might see it in the word '자격증' (certificate/license). You can think of it as 'being allowed' to do something. For example, '운전 자격' (qualification to drive). At this stage, just remember that '자격' is about having the right or the paper to do a job. You don't need to use it in complex sentences yet, but recognizing it on a form (like '지원 자격' - who can apply) is very helpful. Focus on the simple idea: 'Can I do this? Do I have the 자격?'
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At the A2 level, you start to use '자격' in basic sentences about jobs and hobbies. You might say '저는 한국어 선생님 자격이 있어요' (I have the qualification to be a Korean teacher). You also learn the word '자격증' (license) for things like driving or cooking. You can use '자격이 있다' (to have the qualification) and '자격이 없다' (to not have it). It's also the time to learn the basic 'Noun + 자격으로' (in the capacity of) for simple roles like '학생 자격으로' (as a student).
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At the B1 level, you should be able to use '자격' in both formal and emotional contexts. You can discuss 'eligibility' for scholarships, contests, or jobs. You should also understand the moral use of the word, such as '나는 그를 비판할 자격이 없다' (I have no right to criticize him). You start to see the difference between '자격' (status/right) and '조건' (condition). You can use the grammar structure '~ㄹ 자격이 있다' to describe what someone is qualified to do. This is the level where the word becomes a key part of your expressive vocabulary.
At the B2 level, you use '자격' fluently in professional and academic discussions. You can talk about '자격 요건' (qualification requirements) in detail and use verbs like '취득하다' (acquire), '박탈당하다' (be stripped of), and '충족시키다' (satisfy). you understand the nuance of '자격으로' in formal speeches and can distinguish it from '-로서'. You are also comfortable with Hanja-based synonyms like '권한' (authority) and '자질' (aptitude), using them to provide precise descriptions of people's roles and abilities.
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At the C1 level, you understand the philosophical and legal depth of '자격.' You can discuss complex topics like '시민권 자격' (citizenship eligibility) or '법적 자격' (legal standing) in debates. You recognize the word in literature and high-level news reports where it might refer to national sovereignty or historical legitimacy. You can use the word sarcastically or rhetorically in advanced conversation. Your use of '자격' is nuanced, and you can explain the subtle differences between it and related concepts like '역량' or '당위성' (necessity/appropriateness).
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At the C2 level, you have a native-like grasp of '자격.' You can use it in legal drafting, academic papers, or high-level professional evaluations. You understand its historical evolution and how it fits into the broader structure of Korean social hierarchy and Confucian values. You can use the word to discuss abstract concepts like 'human worth' or 'existential eligibility.' You are also fully aware of all idiomatic and metaphorical uses, and you can use the word with perfect precision in any register, from slang to the most formal legal prose.
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开始练习 例句 笔记与提示

자격 30秒了解

  • 자격 refers to the official or moral right/status to do something.
  • Commonly used for professional licenses (자격증) and job eligibility.
  • Can also mean 'moral worthiness' or 'right' in personal relationships.
  • Often paired with verbs like '있다/없다', '갖추다', and '취득하다'.

The Korean word 자격 (Jagyeok) is a multi-faceted noun that translates most directly to 'qualification,' 'eligibility,' 'capacity,' or 'status.' At its core, it refers to the set of requirements, standards, or conditions that an individual must meet to occupy a certain position, exercise a specific right, or claim a particular identity. In a formal sense, it often relates to professional certifications or legal standing, while in a social or emotional context, it refers to the 'right' or 'moral standing' to do something. For example, if you have a teaching license, you have the 자격 to teach. If you feel you haven't been a good friend, you might say you have no 자격 to give advice. This duality makes it one of the most essential words for intermediate learners to master, as it bridges the gap between administrative language and deep interpersonal communication.

Legal/Professional Context
Refers to licenses (자격증), certifications, or official requirements for a job.
Social/Moral Context
Refers to the worthiness or the right to act in a certain capacity (e.g., as a parent, a leader, or a friend).
Grammatical Function
Often used with the particle '-로서' to indicate 'in the capacity of' or 'as a...'.

그는 의사 자격을 박탈당했다.

— He was stripped of his medical qualifications (license).

Understanding 자격 requires looking at its Hanja roots: 自 (자 - self) and 格 (격 - standard/pattern). Literally, it suggests a 'standard for oneself' or the 'pattern one fits into.' This implies that 자격 is not just an external permit but an internal alignment with a specific role. In Korean society, where roles and hierarchies are clearly defined, knowing one's 자격 is crucial for maintaining social harmony. Whether you are applying for a visa, a job, or simply trying to apologize to someone, the concept of whether you 'possess the qualification' (자격이 있다) or 'lack the qualification' (자격이 없다) will frequently arise.

나는 너에게 그런 말을 할 자격이 없어.

— I have no right (qualification) to say such things to you.

Furthermore, the word is often used in the structure [Noun] + 자격으로, which means 'in the capacity of [Noun].' For instance, '대표 자격으로' means 'in the capacity of a representative.' This is a formal way to specify the role one is playing in a specific event or transaction. It is more formal than simply using '-로서' and is common in news reports, business meetings, and legal documents. The breadth of this word covers everything from a driver's license to the existential question of what it means to be a 'qualified' human being in a specific social circle.

그는 시민권 취득 자격을 갖추고 있다.

— He meets the requirements (qualifications) for obtaining citizenship.
자격이 있다 (Have the qualification)
To be eligible or to have the right.
자격을 갖추다 (To meet/possess qualifications)
To fulfill the necessary conditions or requirements.

부모로서의 자격에 대해 고민해 본 적 있나요?

— Have you ever thought about the qualifications (responsibilities/rights) of being a parent?

Using 자격 correctly involves understanding its typical verb pairings and particle attachments. Because it is a noun, it functions as the subject or object of a sentence, but its meaning shifts slightly depending on the surrounding words. The most common verb is 있다/없다. Saying '자격이 있다' means you are eligible or have the right, while '자격이 없다' means you are unqualified or have no right. This is used for both formal requirements (like a job) and informal social standing (like being a friend).

  • 자격을 얻다/취득하다: To obtain or acquire a qualification (usually a license or official status).
  • 자격을 갖추다: To possess or meet the necessary qualifications/requirements.
  • 자격을 상실하다/박탈당하다: To lose or be stripped of a qualification.
  • 자격이 주어지다: To be granted the qualification or right.

Another essential usage is the construction ~ㄹ/을 자격. This is used when you want to say 'the right to [verb].' For example, '사랑받을 자격' means 'the right to be loved.' This is a very common emotional expression in Korean. If you want to say someone is 'qualified to lead,' you would say '이끌 자격이 있다.' This structure allows you to attach 자격 to almost any action to discuss eligibility or moral standing.

그는 장학금을 받을 자격이 충분하다.

— He is fully qualified to receive the scholarship.

In formal writing or speech, you will often see 자격 used with the particle -로서. While '-로서' itself means 'as a...', adding '자격으로' makes it more explicit. For example, '개인적인 자격으로' means 'in a personal capacity' or 'as an individual,' rather than representing an organization. This is particularly useful in business or legal contexts where distinguishing between one's official role and personal stance is necessary.

When discussing job applications, 자격 요건 (qualification requirements) is a fixed term you will see in every job posting. It lists the degrees, skills, and experience needed. If you 'meet' these, you use the verb '충족하다' (to satisfy/meet). So, '자격 요건을 충족하다' is the professional way to say you meet the criteria. In contrast, in a heated argument, you might hear '네가 그럴 자격이 있어?' (Do you have the right to do that?), which uses the word in a much more subjective, moral sense.

You will encounter 자격 in a wide variety of environments, ranging from the highly formal to the deeply personal. In the professional world, it is unavoidable. Job recruitment websites like Saramin or JobKorea are filled with sections labeled '지원 자격' (Application Qualifications). Here, you'll see requirements like '학사 학위 이상 자격 소지자' (Those possessing a bachelor's degree or higher). If you are looking to improve your resume in Korea, you will likely spend time studying for a '자격증' (certification), which is a specific proof of your 자격 in a field like accounting, IT, or language.

이번 공모전의 참가 자격은 어떻게 되나요?

— What are the eligibility requirements for this contest?

In the realm of law and government, 자격 is used to define citizenship, voting rights, and legal standing. You might hear news reports about a politician losing their '의원 자격' (status as a lawmaker) due to a legal violation. Similarly, in sports, an athlete might lose their '출전 자격' (eligibility to compete) if they fail a drug test or break a rule. In these contexts, the word is cold, objective, and strictly defined by rules and regulations.

However, if you switch to Korean dramas or movies, the word takes on a much more emotional tone. It is a favorite word for screenwriters to use in scenes of conflict or self-reflection. A protagonist might cry, '나는 행복해질 자격이 없어' (I don't deserve to be happy/I have no right to be happy). Or a rival might sneer, '네가 감히 우리 딸을 만날 자격이 있다고 생각해?' (Do you dare think you are qualified/worthy to date our daughter?). In these cases, 자격 isn't about a piece of paper; it's about worthiness, social class, or moral integrity.

Finally, in academic settings, students often discuss '응시 자격' (eligibility to take an exam). For the TOPIK exam, for instance, there are no strict 자격 requirements for the general test, but for certain specialized certifications, you must prove your 자격 through previous experience or education. Whether you are reading a contract, watching a melodrama, or applying for a school, this word is a constant presence in Korean life.

One of the most common mistakes learners make is confusing 자격 (Jagyeok) with 조건 (Jogeon - condition). While they are related, they are not interchangeable. 자격 refers to the *status* or *right* a person holds, whereas 조건 refers to the *external conditions* or *terms* of an agreement. For example, '근무 조건' (working conditions) refers to salary and hours, but '지원 자격' (application qualifications) refers to the applicant's background. You *have* a qualification, but you *agree to* conditions.

  • Mistake: Using '자격' to mean 'ability' (능력). Correction: Having the '자격' (license) to drive doesn't necessarily mean you have the '능력' (ability) to drive well.
  • Mistake: Confusing '자격' with '권리' (right). Correction: While often used similarly in emotional contexts, '권리' is a legal right (like human rights), while '자격' is an earned or assigned status.

[Wrong] 이 일을 할 조건이 있어요.
[Right] 이 일을 할 자격이 있어요.

— Use '자격' when talking about being qualified for a role.

Another nuance is the use of particles. Learners often forget to use -로서 when using 자격 to mean 'in the capacity of.' They might mistakenly use '-로' or '-로써.' Remember: 자격 = Status = -로서. Using '-로써' would imply you are using the 'qualification' as a tool or instrument, which is rarely what you mean in a social context.

Lastly, be careful with the word 자질 (Jajil). While 자격 is often an official or recognized status, 자질 refers to innate qualities or talent. A leader might have the 자격 (the title/right) to lead but lack the 자질 (the natural leadership qualities) to do it effectively. Mixing these up can lead to confusion in professional evaluations.

To truly master 자격, it's helpful to compare it with its synonyms and related terms. Each has a specific nuance that dictates when it should be used instead of 자격. The most common related words are 권리 (Right), 조건 (Condition), 신분 (Status), and 능력 (Ability).

권리 (Gwon-ri)
Refers to a legal or natural 'right.' While '자격' is often earned (like a license), '권리' is often inherent (like human rights). You have the '자격' to vote because you meet the age '조건,' and voting is your '권리.'
조건 (Jo-geon)
Refers to 'conditions' or 'requirements.' These are the specific items you must fulfill to gain '자격.' For example, 'TOPIK 6급' is a '조건' to get the '자격' for a certain scholarship.
신분 (Sin-bun)
Refers to one's social 'status' or 'identity.' While '자격' is about what you can *do* or *claim*, '신분' is about who you *are* in the social hierarchy (e.g., student, foreigner, employee).

그는 리더로서의 자질이 뛰어나다.

— He has excellent qualities (talent/aptitude) as a leader.

Another interesting comparison is with 자질 (Jajil). As mentioned before, 자질 is about internal talent or aptitude. If you are hiring a chef, you look for their 자격증 (license/qualification), but you also evaluate their 자질 (natural sense of taste and leadership in the kitchen). Similarly, 역량 (Yeong-ryang) refers to 'capability' or 'competence'—the actual power to get things done, which is different from having the official '자격' to do them.

Finally, consider 권한 (Gwon-han), which means 'authority.' This is a subset of 자격. Once you have the 자격 (status) of a manager, you are granted the 권한 (authority) to approve expenses. Understanding these distinctions will help you sound more precise and professional in Korean.

How Formal Is It?

难度评级

需要掌握的语法

-로서 (Capacity/Status)

-ㄹ/을 수 있다 (Ability vs Eligibility)

-기 위한 (For the purpose of - often used with requirements)

-에 해당하다 (To correspond to - used for eligibility criteria)

-를 갖추다 (To be equipped with)

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按水平分级的例句

1

운전 자격증이 있어요?

Do you have a driver's license?

자격증 (license) is a common A1 word.

2

학생 자격으로 할인받아요.

I get a discount as a student (in the capacity of a student).

자격으로 means 'in the capacity of'.

3

지원 자격이 뭐예요?

What are the application qualifications?

지원 (application) + 자격.

4

저는 자격이 없어요.

I don't have the qualification.

자격이 없다 is the basic negative form.

5

요리사 자격증을 따고 싶어요.

I want to get a chef's license.

자격증을 따다 means 'to get/win a license'.

6

참가 자격은 18세 이상입니다.

Eligibility to participate is 18 years or older.

참가 (participation) + 자격.

7

그는 교사 자격이 있어요.

He is qualified to be a teacher.

Noun + 자격 means 'qualification as [Noun]'.

8

자격이 있는 사람만 들어오세요.

Only qualified people, please enter.

자격이 있는 (qualified) modifies '사람'.

1

변호사 자격을 얻으려면 공부를 많이 해야 해요.

To get a lawyer's qualification, you have to study a lot.

자격을 얻다 (to obtain qualification).

2

그는 대표 자격으로 회의에 참석했다.

He attended the meeting in the capacity of a representative.

Noun + 자격으로 (in the capacity of).

3

이 일을 할 자격이 충분해요.

You are fully qualified to do this job.

충분하다 (to be sufficient/enough).

4

자격증 시험이 다음 주에 있어요.

The certification exam is next week.

자격증 시험 (certification exam).

5

너는 나를 비웃을 자격이 없어.

You have no right to laugh at me.

V + ㄹ 자격이 없다 (no right to V).

6

그는 국가 대표 자격을 잃었다.

He lost his status as a national representative.

자격을 잃다 (to lose status/qualification).

7

응시 자격을 확인해 보세요.

Please check the eligibility to take the exam.

응시 (taking an exam) + 자격.

8

저는 개인적인 자격으로 왔습니다.

I came in a personal capacity.

개인적인 자격 (personal capacity).

1

사랑받을 자격은 누구에게나 있다.

Everyone has the right to be loved.

V + ㄹ 자격 (the right to V).

2

그는 부모로서의 자격이 부족하다고 느꼈다.

He felt he lacked the qualifications of being a parent.

Noun + 로서의 자격 (qualification as a [Noun]).

3

이 상을 받을 자격이 있다고 생각하세요?

Do you think you are worthy of receiving this award?

받을 자격 (right/worthiness to receive).

4

자격 요건을 꼼꼼히 읽어보세요.

Read the qualification requirements carefully.

자격 요건 (qualification requirements).

5

그는 실력은 좋지만 자격증이 없다.

He has good skills but no certification.

실력 (skill) vs 자격증 (certification).

6

회원 자격을 유지하려면 회비를 내야 합니다.

To maintain membership status, you must pay the fee.

회원 자격 (membership status).

7

그는 감독 자격으로 팀을 이끌고 있다.

He is leading the team in the capacity of a director.

감독 자격으로 (as a director/coach).

8

당신은 그런 말을 할 자격이 충분합니다.

You are well within your rights to say that.

충분하다 (to be sufficient).

1

그는 허위 경력으로 교사 자격을 취득했다.

He acquired his teaching qualification through a fake career history.

자격을 취득하다 (to acquire qualification).

2

범죄 기록이 있으면 자격이 박탈될 수 있습니다.

If you have a criminal record, your qualification can be stripped.

자격이 박탈되다 (to be stripped of qualification).

3

그녀는 리더로서의 자질과 자격을 모두 갖추었다.

She possesses both the qualities and the qualifications of a leader.

자질 (innate quality) vs 자격 (official status).

4

장학금 신청 자격이 대폭 완화되었다.

The eligibility for scholarship applications has been significantly relaxed.

자격이 완화되다 (requirements are relaxed).

5

그는 공인 회계사 자격을 소지하고 있다.

He possesses a Certified Public Accountant (CPA) qualification.

자격을 소지하다 (to possess a qualification).

6

투표 자격은 대한민국 국민에게만 주어집니다.

The right to vote is granted only to citizens of the Republic of Korea.

자격이 주어지다 (to be granted a right/qualification).

7

그는 전문가 자격으로 TV 프로그램에 출연했다.

He appeared on a TV program in the capacity of an expert.

전문가 자격으로 (as an expert).

8

자격 미달로 인해 탈락하고 말았다.

He ended up being disqualified due to falling short of the requirements.

자격 미달 (falling short of qualifications).

1

그의 발언은 국회의원으로서의 자격을 의심케 한다.

His remarks make one doubt his qualifications as a member of the National Assembly.

자격을 의심케 하다 (to cause doubt about qualifications).

2

법원은 그의 피선거권 자격을 정지시켰다.

The court suspended his eligibility for election.

피선거권 자격 (eligibility to be elected).

3

인간으로서의 최소한의 자격도 없는 행동이다.

That behavior shows a lack of even the minimum qualifications of being human.

인간으로서의 자격 (qualification as a human).

4

그는 학문적 자격을 인정받아 교수로 임용되었다.

He was appointed as a professor after his academic qualifications were recognized.

학문적 자격 (academic qualification).

5

자격지심 때문에 그는 남의 칭찬을 곧이듣지 못한다.

Because of his inferiority complex, he cannot take others' praise at face value.

자격지심 (inferiority complex - literally 'self-qualification-heart').

6

그 나라는 UN 회원국으로서의 자격을 회복했다.

The country regained its status as a UN member state.

자격을 회복하다 (to regain status/qualification).

7

그는 법정 대리인 자격으로 서류에 서명했다.

He signed the document in the capacity of a legal representative.

법정 대리인 자격 (legal representative capacity).

8

이번 사태는 그의 지도자 자격을 시험하는 계기가 되었다.

This situation served as an opportunity to test his qualifications as a leader.

자격을 시험하다 (to test qualifications).

1

자격의 유무를 떠나, 이는 도덕적으로 용납될 수 없는 일이다.

Regardless of whether one has the right or not, this is morally unacceptable.

자격의 유무 (presence or absence of qualification).

2

그는 자신의 자격론을 내세워 정당성을 확보하려 했다.

He tried to secure legitimacy by putting forward his theory of qualification.

자격론 (theory/discourse on qualification).

3

국가 자격 제도의 전면적인 개편이 예고되었다.

A full-scale reorganization of the national qualification system has been announced.

국가 자격 제도 (national qualification system).

4

그는 예술가로서의 자의식과 자격 사이에서 갈등했다.

He struggled between his self-awareness as an artist and his official status.

자의식 (self-awareness) vs 자격 (status).

5

해당 법안은 수혜 자격 범위를 명확히 규정하고 있다.

The bill clearly stipulates the scope of eligibility for beneficiaries.

수혜 자격 (eligibility for benefits).

6

그는 무자격자에 의한 의료 행위의 위험성을 경고했다.

He warned of the dangers of medical practices performed by unqualified persons.

무자격자 (unqualified person).

7

자격 요건의 형평성 논란이 끊이지 않고 있다.

Controversy over the fairness of qualification requirements continues unabated.

형평성 (fairness/equity).

8

그는 부적격 판정을 받고 자격을 상실했다.

He was judged unfit and lost his qualification.

부적격 판정 (judgment of unfitness).

反义词

무자격 실격

常见搭配

자격을 갖추다 (Possess qualifications)
자격을 취득하다 (Acquire a qualification)
자격이 주어지다 (Be granted qualification)
자격을 상실하다 (Lose qualification)
자격 요건 (Qualification requirements)
국가 자격 (National qualification)
응시 자격 (Exam eligibility)
지원 자격 (Application eligibility)
자격증을 따다 (Get a license)
자격 미달 (Short of qualifications)

常用短语

자격이 있다 (To have the right/qualification)
자격이 없다 (To have no right/qualification)
무슨 자격으로? (By what right?)
자격이 충분하다 (To be fully qualified)
자격증이 필요하다 (To need a license)
개인적인 자격으로 (In a personal capacity)
대표 자격으로 (As a representative)
자격지심을 느끼다 (To feel an inferiority complex)
자격을 박탈당하다 (To be stripped of status)
자격을 회복하다 (To regain status)

容易混淆的词

자격 vs 조건

External requirements vs Internal/Official status.

자격 vs 능력

Actual skill vs Official right/status.

자격 vs 권리

Legal/Inherent right vs Earned/Assigned status.

习语与表达

"자격지심 (Jagyeok-jisim): A feeling of being unqualified or inferior compared to others."
"자격지심에 빠지다: To fall into a state of feeling inferior."
"자격 미달: Falling below the required standard (often used for people or things)."
"무자격자: A person who lacks the necessary qualifications (often used for illegal workers)."
"자격지심이 앞서다: For one's feelings of inferiority to take precedence over logic."
"자격론: A debate or discourse regarding someone's eligibility for a role."
"결격 사유: Reasons for disqualification."
"자격 정지: Suspension of qualifications/rights."
"자격 상실: Loss of qualifications/rights."
"자격 부여: Granting of qualifications/rights."

容易混淆

자격 vs

자격 vs

자격 vs

자격 vs

자격 vs

句型

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如何使用

Personal

Focuses on 'right' and 'worthiness'.

Professional

Focuses on '자격증' and '요건'.

常见错误
  • Using '자격' instead of '능력' for physical skills.
  • Confusing '자격' with '조건' in business contracts.
  • Using the particle '-로써' instead of '-로서' with 자격.
  • Saying '자격증이 있다' when you mean you have the 'moral right' (use '자격이 있다' instead).
  • Forgetting that '자격' is a noun and needs '있다/없다' or '이다'.

小贴士

Learn Hanja

Knowing 自 (Self) and 格 (Standard) helps you remember that 자격 is about your own standing.

Particle Match

Always use '-로서' with 자격 when describing a role or capacity.

Spec Culture

Understand that '자격증' are highly valued in Korean resumes.

Emotional Use

Use '자격이 없어' to express deep regret or to challenge someone's right to act.

Formal Reports

Use '자격 요건' when writing about job descriptions or official rules.

News Keywords

Listen for '자격 박탈' in political news to hear about someone losing office.

Respecting Roles

In Korea, acting according to your '자격' (role) is a sign of maturity.

TOPIK Tip

The word '응시 자격' often appears in the instructions for the TOPIK exam.

Inferiority

Use '자격지심' when someone is acting defensive because they feel inferior.

자격 vs 조건

Remember: You *fulfill* conditions (조건) to *gain* qualification (자격).

记住它

词源

Sino-Korean word meaning the standard or pattern one sets for oneself or fits into.

文化背景

One's '자격' (status) determines the level of honorifics used in conversation.

The phrase '네가 무슨 자격으로' is a staple in dramatic confrontations.

The culture of accumulating certifications to be competitive in the job market.

在生活中练习

真实语境

对话开场白

"어떤 자격증을 가지고 계세요?"

"이 일을 하려면 어떤 자격이 필요한가요?"

"당신은 행복해질 자격이 있다고 생각하시나요?"

"그 사람이 리더로서 자격이 있다고 보세요?"

"한국에서 가장 인기 있는 자격증은 뭐예요?"

日记主题

내가 가진 가장 자랑스러운 자격증에 대해 써보세요.

좋은 친구가 되기 위한 자격은 무엇이라고 생각하나요?

내가 만약 대통령이 된다면, 어떤 자격을 가장 중요하게 여길까요?

'자격지심'을 느껴본 적이 있나요? 어떻게 극복했나요?

누군가의 자격을 의심해 본 적이 있나요? 그 이유는 무엇이었나요?

常见问题

10 个问题

자격 is the abstract qualification or right, while 자격증 is the physical certificate or license that proves it.

Yes, but '권리' is more common for general human rights. '자격' is used for the right to do something specific based on status.

You can say '자격이 있어요' or '자격을 갖추고 있어요'.

Yes, for eligibility to play (출전 자격).

It means an inferiority complex, literally a heart that feels its own lack of qualification.

Yes, '...할 자격이 있다' is the standard way to say someone deserves something.

It means being unqualified or lacking the necessary license.

You say '...로서의 자격' (qualification as a ...) or '... 자격으로' (in the capacity of ...).

It can be used in both formal (business) and informal (emotional) contexts.

It means 'application eligibility' or 'who can apply'.

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