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A1 adjective #1,500 الأكثر شيوعاً 17 دقيقة للقراءة

مسئول

Q: What does 'مسئولیتپذیر' mean?

'مسئولیتپذیر' (mas'uliyat-pazir) is a compound adjective made from 'مسئولیت' (responsibility) and 'پذیر' (accepting). It translates to 'responsible' in the sense of a character trait—someone who is reliable, accountable, and takes their duties seriously. Saying 'او آدم مسئولیتپذیری است' (He/She is a responsible person) is a great compliment in Persian culture.

الأكثر شيوعاً #1,500

تدرّب عليها أمثلة ملاحظات ونصائح مسئول في 30 ثانية

الشرح مسئول in your Level:

At the A1 level of the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages, learners are just beginning their journey into the beautiful and intricate Persian language. When encountering the word 'مسئول', which translates to 'responsible' or 'in charge', an A1 learner is primarily focused on the most fundamental and immediate applications of the term in their daily lives and basic interactions. At this stage, the vocabulary is limited, so the word 'مسئول' serves as a crucial building block for expressing basic roles and duties. For instance, an A1 learner might use this word to identify who is the manager in a store, asking simple questions like 'مسئول اینجا کیست؟' (Who is in charge here?). The concept of responsibility at this level is not abstract; it is tied directly to tangible people and clear, visible roles. The pronunciation of 'مسئول' (mas'ul) might pose a slight challenge due to the glottal stop represented by the hamza (ء), but A1 learners are encouraged to listen closely to native speakers and practice the subtle pause. Furthermore, understanding this word helps beginners navigate essential services, such as finding the person responsible for tickets at a train station or the teacher responsible for a class. The grammatical structure used at this level is very straightforward, typically involving the subject, the word 'مسئول', and the verb 'بودن' (to be) in its present tense forms, such as 'هستم' (I am), 'هستی' (you are), or 'است' (he/she/it is). By mastering this simple structure, learners can effectively communicate their own roles, such as saying 'من مسئول هستم' (I am responsible), or inquire about others. This foundational knowledge paves the way for more complex sentences in later stages. Additionally, the cultural context of responsibility in Iran and other Persian-speaking regions places a high value on knowing who is accountable, making this word highly frequent in everyday conversation. Even at the A1 level, recognizing the word on signs, such as 'مسئول پذیرش' (receptionist/person in charge of reception), empowers learners to function more independently. Teachers often introduce this word alongside basic professions and family roles, highlighting how parents are 'مسئول' for their children, or a driver is 'مسئول' for their car. Through repetitive practice, role-playing scenarios, and simple matching exercises, A1 learners solidify their grasp of 'مسئول', ensuring it becomes an active part of their growing vocabulary arsenal, ready to be deployed in a variety of basic, yet essential, communicative contexts.

As learners progress to the A2 level, their understanding and application of the word 'مسئول' expand significantly beyond basic identification. At this stage, learners are capable of engaging in routine tasks and simple exchanges of information, making 'مسئول' a vital tool for navigating workplace environments, educational settings, and daily logistics. An A2 learner begins to use the word to describe specific duties and delegate tasks, moving from simply asking 'Who is in charge?' to stating 'I am responsible for cleaning the room' (من مسئول تمیز کردن اتاق هستم). This shift requires a firmer grasp of connecting 'مسئول' with other nouns and infinitives, utilizing the Ezafe construction more naturally. Furthermore, learners at this level start to encounter the word in short, simple texts, such as emails, notices, and basic instructions. They learn to differentiate between affirmative and negative statements regarding responsibility, confidently asserting 'من مسئول این اشتباه نیستم' (I am not responsible for this mistake) to clarify boundaries. The vocabulary surrounding 'مسئول' also grows; learners might pair it with words like 'خرید' (shopping), 'فروش' (sales), or 'بچه‌ها' (children) to describe specific domains of accountability. In terms of listening comprehension, A2 learners can pick out the word in public announcements or casual conversations, understanding when someone is being assigned a task or held accountable for an outcome. The cultural nuance of taking responsibility also becomes clearer. Learners begin to realize that being a 'مسئول' is not just a job title, but a reflection of reliability. Role-playing exercises at this level often involve scenarios like organizing a small event, where learners must assign roles and state who is 'مسئول' for food, music, and invitations. This practical application reinforces the word's utility in collaborative settings. Additionally, A2 learners start to recognize the related abstract noun 'مسئولیت' (responsibility), though their active use might still primarily rely on the adjective/noun form 'مسئول'. By the end of the A2 level, the word has transitioned from a mere label to a functional component of the learner's ability to organize, negotiate, and describe their daily life and obligations in Persian.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

Reaching the B1 level marks a transition into independent language use, and the word 'مسئول' takes on a much broader and more nuanced role in the learner's vocabulary. At this intermediate stage, learners are expected to handle a variety of situations likely to arise while traveling or working in a Persian-speaking environment. Consequently, 'مسئول' becomes essential for professional communication, problem-solving, and expressing opinions on social matters. A B1 learner can comfortably use the word in complex sentences, discussing not just immediate tasks, but ongoing projects and departmental roles. They might say, 'به عنوان مسئول پروژه، من باید گزارش را بنویسم' (As the project manager, I must write the report). The grammatical structures become more sophisticated, incorporating prepositions like 'در قبال' (towards/in relation to) to express accountability to others: 'ما در قبال مشتریان مسئول هستیم' (We are responsible towards the customers). Furthermore, learners at this level begin to engage with the concept of responsibility in abstract and societal contexts. They can discuss environmental responsibility, civic duties, and the obligations of citizens, using the word to articulate their viewpoints in discussions and short essays. Listening comprehension at the B1 level involves understanding news segments or interviews where 'مسئولین' (authorities/officials) are mentioned, grasping the general context of political or administrative accountability. The distinction between 'مسئول' (responsible) and 'مقصر' (at fault) becomes clear, allowing learners to navigate sensitive conversations about mistakes or accidents without causing unintended offense. In writing, B1 learners use the word in formal emails to request information from the relevant department or to clarify their own role in a collaborative effort. The cultural weight of the word deepens; learners understand that calling someone 'مسئولیت‌پذیر' (responsible/accountable) is a significant character endorsement in Persian culture. Through debates, presentations, and exposure to authentic media, B1 learners solidify their command of 'مسئول', transforming it from a simple descriptor of duties into a powerful tool for expressing professional identity, social awareness, and ethical stances in the Persian language.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

At the B2 level, learners achieve a degree of fluency and spontaneity that allows for regular interaction with native speakers without strain. The use of 'مسئول' at this upper-intermediate stage reflects this advanced capability, characterized by precision, varied contexts, and a deep understanding of cultural and idiomatic nuances. A B2 learner does not merely use 'مسئول' to state facts; they use it to argue, persuade, and analyze complex situations. In professional settings, they can negotiate contracts, define scopes of work, and articulate the exact limits of their liability using precise phrasing. They might construct sentences like, 'شرکت ما تنها در قبال خسارات مستقیم مسئول است' (Our company is only responsible for direct damages). The vocabulary surrounding the word expands to include legal and corporate terminology, such as 'مسئولیت محدود' (limited liability) or 'مسئولیت مدنی' (civil liability). Furthermore, B2 learners engage deeply with authentic Persian media, literature, and political discourse. They understand the often critical or demanding tone when journalists or citizens refer to 'مسئولین' (officials), grasping the societal expectations of transparency and accountability. They can participate in debates about moral philosophy, discussing whether an individual is 'مسئول' for the actions of their society. The grammatical manipulation of the word is flawless; learners effortlessly switch between its use as an adjective, a noun, and within complex compound structures. They recognize and utilize synonyms like 'پاسخگو' (accountable) or 'متصدی' (person in charge) to avoid repetition and elevate their rhetorical style. In writing, B2 learners produce clear, detailed texts on a wide range of subjects, using 'مسئول' to structure arguments about cause and effect, duty, and consequence. They understand the subtle emotional undertones of the word in personal relationships, recognizing when someone is taking on an emotional burden versus a practical task. By mastering these advanced applications, B2 learners demonstrate a comprehensive, near-native command of the concept of responsibility in Persian, allowing them to navigate the complexities of adult, professional, and intellectual life in the language.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

The C1 level represents an advanced, proficient stage of language mastery where learners can express ideas fluently and spontaneously without much obvious searching for expressions. At this level, the word 'مسئول' is wielded with surgical precision and deep cultural resonance. A C1 learner understands the historical, legal, and sociopolitical weight of the term. In academic and professional discourse, they utilize 'مسئول' within highly complex syntactical structures to articulate nuanced arguments regarding ethics, governance, and corporate accountability. They can effortlessly parse and produce texts that delve into the philosophical dimensions of free will and moral responsibility, using phrases like 'مسئولیت اخلاقی فرد در قبال جامعه' (the individual's moral responsibility towards society). The distinction between various forms of accountability—legal, moral, financial, and social—is clearly reflected in their vocabulary choices. Furthermore, C1 learners are acutely aware of the register and tone associated with the word. They know when using 'مسئول' sounds appropriately formal, when it might sound overly bureaucratic, and when a synonym like 'عهده‌دار' (bearer of responsibility) is more fitting for a literary or elevated context. In understanding native media, they catch the subtle irony or criticism when politicians are referred to as 'مسئولین', recognizing the gap between the title and the public's perception of their actual accountability. They can engage in high-level negotiations, drafting documents that precisely delineate who is 'مسئول' under various hypothetical scenarios, employing conditional clauses and subjunctive moods flawlessly. The word is fully integrated into their idiomatic repertoire; they understand expressions and cultural references tied to the concept of bearing a burden or answering for one's actions. At the C1 level, 'مسئول' is no longer just a vocabulary word to be learned; it is a conceptual tool used to dissect and construct complex narratives about human agency, societal structure, and ethical duty in the Persian-speaking world.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

At the C2 level, the learner's command of Persian is virtually indistinguishable from that of a highly educated native speaker. The usage of 'مسئول' at this mastery stage transcends mere grammatical correctness and functional communication; it enters the realm of literary, philosophical, and rhetorical brilliance. A C2 speaker manipulates the word and its derivatives to convey the most subtle shades of meaning, irony, and emotional depth. They are intimately familiar with the etymological roots of the word (the Arabic root meaning 'to be asked' or 'questioned') and can play upon this literal meaning in poetic or persuasive discourse, emphasizing the existential weight of being the one who must answer. In academic writing or high-level debate, they can deconstruct the concept of 'مسئولیت' (responsibility), analyzing how it is constructed in Persian jurisprudence versus Western legal systems. They seamlessly integrate classical Persian literature and poetry into their speech, recognizing how the concept of duty and accountability to a higher power or to humanity is expressed by poets like Saadi or Rumi, even if the exact modern term 'مسئول' is used differently. The C2 speaker navigates the absolute highest registers of the language, using the word in drafting legislation, writing critical socio-political essays, or delivering keynote addresses. They understand the sociolinguistic implications of how the term 'مسئولین' has evolved in modern Iranian political discourse, carrying connotations that shift depending on the speaker's political alignment. They can employ the word sarcastically, metaphorically, or with profound gravity. The boundaries between synonyms (مسئول, پاسخگو, متعهد, عهده‌دار) are perfectly clear to them, and they select the exact term that provides the desired rhythm, tone, and precise semantic payload for their sentence. For a C2 learner, 'مسئول' is a key that unlocks the deepest cultural and intellectual conversations within the Persian language, reflecting a complete and nuanced mastery of the human condition as expressed through this linguistic lens.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

تدرّب عليها أمثلة ملاحظات ونصائح

مسئول في 30 ثانية

Means 'responsible' or 'in charge'.
Used as both an adjective and a noun.
Commonly paired with the verb 'بودن' (to be).
Essential for workplace and daily tasks.

The Persian word مسئول (pronounced mas'ul) is a fundamental adjective and noun in the Persian language, primarily meaning 'responsible', 'in charge', or 'accountable'. Understanding this word is absolutely crucial for anyone learning Persian, as it forms the bedrock of professional, social, and personal communication regarding duties and obligations. The concept of being responsible is universal, but the nuances of how it is expressed in Persian carry specific cultural and linguistic weight. When you say someone is مسئول, you are indicating that they bear the weight of an obligation, that they are the point of contact for a specific task, or that they are the one who must answer if something goes wrong. This multifaceted nature makes it an indispensable vocabulary item even at the A1 level.

Core Definition: Having an obligation to do something, or having control over or care for someone or something. It implies accountability and duty.

To truly grasp the depth of this word, we must look at its origins. The word is borrowed from Arabic, stemming from the triconsonantal root س-ء-ل (s-'-l), which means 'to ask' or 'to question'. In its grammatical form, مسئول is a passive participle, literally translating to 'the one who is asked' or 'the one who is questioned'. This etymology beautifully encapsulates the essence of responsibility: a responsible person is the one who will be asked about the outcome of a situation. If a project fails, the مسئول is the one questioned. If a child needs care, the parent is the مسئول who must answer for their well-being. This intrinsic link between 'being asked' and 'being responsible' provides a profound insight into the Middle Eastern conceptualization of duty.

من مسئول این بخش هستم.

I am responsible for this department.

In everyday Persian, the word functions seamlessly as both an adjective and a noun. As an adjective, it describes the state of a person (e.g., 'a responsible student' - دانش‌آموز مسئول). As a noun, it refers to the person holding the position of authority or duty (e.g., 'the manager of the library' - مسئول کتابخانه). This dual functionality means you will encounter the word in a vast array of contexts, from casual conversations at home to formal news broadcasts. When visiting Iran or interacting with Persian speakers, you will frequently see signs designating the مسئول of a particular area, such as the receptionist, the floor manager, or the security officer. Recognizing this word immediately helps you navigate social and physical spaces by identifying who holds authority.

Grammatical Function: Functions primarily as an adjective (describing a state of accountability) and as a noun (referring to the person in charge).

Furthermore, the concept of مسئولیت (mas'uliyat - responsibility) is deeply ingrained in Persian culture, which places a high value on community, family ties, and social obligations. Being described as a مسئولیت‌پذیر (responsible/accountable person) is a significant compliment, indicating reliability, maturity, and trustworthiness. Conversely, being labeled بی‌مسئولیت (irresponsible) is a strong criticism. Therefore, mastering the word مسئول is not just about expanding your vocabulary; it is about understanding the cultural expectations surrounding duty and interpersonal relationships in the Persian-speaking world.

او یک پدر مسئول است.

He is a responsible father.

As you progress from A1 to higher levels, you will notice that the word forms the basis for numerous compound words and complex grammatical structures. However, at the beginner stage, focusing on its core meaning of 'in charge' or 'accountable' is sufficient. Practice identifying the مسئول in your own life—who is the مسئول of your household chores? Who is the مسئول at your workplace? By actively applying the word to your immediate surroundings, you will solidify its meaning and ensure it becomes an active part of your Persian vocabulary repertoire. The journey of learning Persian is greatly enriched by understanding such culturally resonant words.

Cultural Note: In Iranian workplaces, the term is often used respectfully to address someone whose exact title you might not know, similar to saying 'the person in charge'.

آیا شما مسئول فروش هستید؟

Are you the sales manager/person in charge of sales?

هیچکس مسئول این اشتباه نیست.

No one is responsible for this mistake.

پلیس مسئول امنیت است.

The police are responsible for security.

Using the word مسئول correctly in Persian involves understanding its syntactical behavior, particularly the prepositions it pairs with and how it connects to other nouns. As an A1 learner, your primary goal is to master the most common and straightforward sentence structures. The most frequent way to use this word is in the construction 'مسئول [چیزی/کسی] بودن', which translates to 'to be responsible for [something/someone]'. In this structure, the word مسئول acts as the core adjective or noun, followed directly by the object of responsibility, and concluding with the verb 'to be' (بودن) conjugated to match the subject. This is known as an Ezafe construction when used as a noun phrase, though in modern spoken Persian, the Ezafe vowel (-e) is often implied or lightly pronounced.

Basic Structure: Subject + مسئول + Object + conjugated form of بودن (to be).

Let us break down this basic structure with some practical examples. If you want to say 'I am responsible for the project', you would say 'من مسئول پروژه هستم' (Man mas'ul-e prozheh hastam). Notice how 'پروژه' (project) directly follows 'مسئول'. The invisible Ezafe links them: mas'ul-e prozheh (the responsible [of] the project). This is incredibly versatile. You can substitute 'project' with almost any noun: 'مسئول تمیز کردن' (responsible for cleaning), 'مسئول بچه‌ها' (responsible for the children), or 'مسئول خرید' (responsible for shopping). This simple substitution drill is one of the most effective ways for beginners to build fluency and confidence.

علی مسئول خرید است.

Ali is responsible for the shopping.

Another important way to use the word is with specific prepositions, particularly when emphasizing accountability towards someone or regarding a specific abstract concept. The preposition 'در قبال' (dar qebal-e), meaning 'in relation to' or 'towards', is frequently used in slightly more formal or emphatic contexts. For example, 'من در قبال شما مسئول هستم' (I am responsible towards you). While this might sound a bit advanced for absolute beginners, recognizing it early on is highly beneficial, as it frequently appears in news broadcasts, formal letters, and serious conversations. Another common preposition is 'برای' (baray-e), meaning 'for', though the direct Ezafe connection mentioned earlier is much more common in everyday speech.

Preposition Usage: Can be used with 'در قبال' (towards/in relation to) for formal accountability: مسئول در قبال قانون (responsible before the law).

When asking questions, the word remains in its standard position. To ask 'Who is responsible?', you simply say 'چه کسی مسئول است؟' (Che kasi mas'ul ast?) or more colloquially, 'کی مسئول است؟' (Ki mas'ul ast?). If you are in a store and need the manager, asking 'مسئول اینجا کیست؟' (Who is the person in charge here?) is the most natural and polite way to inquire. The flexibility of the word allows it to easily transition from statements to interrogatives without complex grammatical gymnastics. This makes it a highly user-friendly vocabulary item for A1 learners who are still mastering Persian sentence syntax.

چه کسی مسئول این کار است؟

Who is responsible for this task?

It is also vital to practice the negative form. To say someone is not responsible, you simply negate the verb 'to be'. For example, 'من مسئول نیستم' (I am not responsible). This is a crucial phrase for setting boundaries or clarifying roles in a workplace or group setting. You can combine this with the object: 'من مسئول این مشکل نیستم' (I am not responsible for this problem). By practicing the affirmative, interrogative, and negative forms, you build a robust, 360-degree understanding of how to deploy the word effectively. Consistent practice with these core sentence patterns will rapidly accelerate your conversational fluency.

Negative Form: Negate the verb at the end of the sentence. مسئول نیستم (I am not responsible).

ما مسئول تاخیر نیستیم.

We are not responsible for the delay.

او مسئول تیم است.

She is the team manager/responsible for the team.

آیا تو مسئول هستی؟

Are you responsible?

The word مسئول is ubiquitous in the Persian-speaking world, echoing through various layers of society, from the most intimate family settings to the highest echelons of government and corporate environments. Because the concept of accountability is central to human organization, you will encounter this word in almost every domain of daily life. For a language learner, recognizing the contexts in which a word frequently appears is just as important as knowing its dictionary definition. It helps you anticipate the vocabulary and understand the social dynamics at play. Let us explore the primary environments where you are guaranteed to hear and use this essential term.

The Workplace: This is arguably the most common context. It is used to designate job titles, delegate tasks, and establish hierarchies.

In professional and workplace environments, the word is indispensable. It is frequently used as a title or a descriptor for someone's role. For instance, the IT manager is the 'مسئول شبکه' (network manager), the HR director is the 'مسئول منابع انسانی' (human resources manager), and the person handling customer complaints is the 'مسئول رسیدگی به شکایات'. During meetings, tasks are assigned by stating who will be the مسئول for each action item. If an error occurs, the immediate question is often 'مسئول این بخش کیست؟' (Who is responsible for this department?). Understanding this usage is vital for anyone planning to work, do business, or collaborate with Persian speakers, as it directly relates to navigating organizational structures and professional accountability.

لطفاً با مسئول فنی صحبت کنید.

Please speak with the technical manager.

Beyond the office, the word is highly prevalent in news media, politics, and legal discourse. Journalists frequently refer to government officials as 'مسئولین' (mas'ulin - the plural form, meaning officials or authorities). When a public crisis occurs, news anchors will discuss the response of the 'مسئولین مربوطه' (relevant authorities). In legal contexts, determining who is 'مسئول' for an accident or a crime is the core of judicial proceedings. You will hear phrases like 'مسئولیت کیفری' (criminal responsibility) or 'مسئولیت مدنی' (civil liability). While these specific legal terms are advanced, the root word remains the same, demonstrating how a simple A1 vocabulary item scales up to articulate complex societal concepts.

News and Politics: Used in its plural form (مسئولین) to refer to government officials, policymakers, and public authorities.

In everyday public spaces, such as shops, restaurants, hospitals, and transportation hubs, the word is your key to getting help. If you are dissatisfied with service at a restaurant, you might ask to see the 'مسئول رستوران' (restaurant manager). In a hospital, you look for the 'مسئول پذیرش' (receptionist) to check in. If you lose an item at an airport, you seek out the 'مسئول اشیای گمشده' (lost and found person in charge). The word acts as a universal pointer to authority and assistance. It is printed on badges, office doors, and informational signs, making it one of the most visually frequent words you will encounter in a Persian-speaking country.

مسئول این فروشگاه کجاست؟

Where is the manager of this store?

Finally, within the family and social circles, the word takes on an emotional and moral dimension. Parents talk about being 'مسئول' for their children's upbringing and education. Spouses discuss their shared 'مسئولیت‌ها' (responsibilities) in maintaining the household. Friends might hold each other 'مسئول' for keeping promises. In these intimate settings, the word transcends mere administrative duty and touches upon love, care, and moral obligation. Understanding this emotional resonance allows learners to appreciate the depth of Persian social interactions, where taking responsibility is deeply intertwined with personal honor and familial devotion.

Family and Home: Used to describe the moral and practical duties parents have towards children, and shared duties in a household.

مادرها مسئول تربیت بچه‌ها هستند.

Mothers are responsible for raising the children.

من مسئول رفتار او نیستم.

I am not responsible for his/her behavior.

مسئولین باید پاسخگو باشند.

The authorities must be accountable.

Even though مسئول is an A1 level word, its unique pronunciation, spelling, and subtle grammatical nuances can trip up beginners. Addressing these common pitfalls early on will save you from developing bad habits and ensure your Persian sounds natural and accurate. One of the most frequent areas of confusion lies in the pronunciation of the hamza (ء). In the Arabic origin of the word, the hamza represents a distinct glottal stop. However, in modern spoken Persian, this glottal stop is often softened or entirely assimilated, leading many learners to mispronounce it. Let us delve into the specifics of these common mistakes and how to avoid them.

Pronunciation Error: Pronouncing it as 'masool' (rhyming with pool) instead of the correct two-syllable 'mas-ul' with a slight pause or glide in the middle.

The spelling of the word is another major hurdle. Because Persian uses the Arabic script, words of Arabic origin often retain their complex orthography even if the pronunciation has simplified. The word is spelled م-س-ئ-و-ل. The letter 'ئ' (hamza on a 'ye' chair) is particularly tricky for beginners. Many learners mistakenly spell it as مسول (without the hamza) or مسوول (with two vavs). While native speakers might occasionally use informal spellings in text messages, in any formal or academic writing, the correct spelling with the hamza is strictly required. Memorizing the visual shape of the word is just as important as knowing its meaning.

املای صحیح: مسئول

Correct spelling: Mas'ul

Grammatically, a common mistake is confusing the adjective/noun 'مسئول' (responsible) with the abstract noun 'مسئولیت' (responsibility). English speakers often say 'I have responsible for this' instead of 'I have responsibility for this', translating their native syntax directly into Persian. In Persian, you must say 'من مسئول هستم' (I am responsible) or 'من مسئولیت دارم' (I have responsibility). Mixing these up—for example, saying 'من مسئولیت هستم' (I am responsibility)—is a glaring grammatical error that immediately marks you as a beginner. It is crucial to distinguish between the state of being (adjective) and the concept itself (abstract noun).

Word Class Confusion: Using مسئول (responsible) when you mean مسئولیت (responsibility). Use 'بودن' (to be) with مسئول, and 'داشتن' (to have) with مسئولیت.

Another frequent error involves the misuse of prepositions. In English, we say 'responsible FOR'. Learners often try to translate 'for' directly to 'برای' (baray-e) in every context. While 'مسئول برای' is sometimes understood, the much more natural and grammatically correct way in Persian is to use the Ezafe construction directly: 'مسئولِ پروژه' (mas'ul-e prozheh - responsible [of] the project). Overusing 'برای' makes the sentence sound clunky and translated. Mastering the Ezafe connection is a hallmark of moving from a beginner to an intermediate speaker, and applying it correctly to this word is a great place to start.

غلط: من مسئول برای این هستم. (Incorrect)

Incorrect: Man mas'ul baray-e in hastam.

Lastly, learners sometimes confuse 'مسئول' with 'وظیفه' (vazifeh - duty). While they are related, they function differently. 'وظیفه' is the task itself, while 'مسئول' is the person who must ensure the task is done. You cannot say 'این مسئول من است' to mean 'This is my duty'. You must say 'این وظیفه من است' (This is my duty) or 'من مسئول این هستم' (I am responsible for this). Differentiating between the actor and the action is essential for precise communication. By being mindful of these common pronunciation, spelling, and grammatical pitfalls, you will use the word with the confidence and accuracy of a much more advanced speaker.

Duty vs. Responsible: Do not use مسئول to mean 'a duty'. Use وظیفه (vazifeh) for the task, and مسئول for the person accountable.

درست: من مسئول این کار هستم. (Correct)

Correct: I am responsible for this work.

درست: من مسئولیت دارم. (Correct)

Correct: I have responsibility.

غلط: این مسئول من است. (Incorrect meaning 'This is my duty')

Incorrect: This is my responsible.

The Persian language is rich with vocabulary related to roles, duties, and accountability. While مسئول is the most versatile and common term for 'responsible', there are several other words that share similar meanings but carry distinct nuances. Understanding these synonyms and related terms will not only expand your vocabulary but also allow you to express yourself with greater precision. As you progress beyond the A1 level, you will need to choose the exact right word for the context, whether you are in a formal business meeting, a legal setting, or a casual conversation. Let us explore the landscape of words similar to our target vocabulary.

مدیر (Modir - Manager): While a 'مسئول' is in charge of a specific task, a 'مدیر' holds a formal title of management, often overseeing people and broader operations. Every مدیر is a مسئول, but not every مسئول is a مدیر.

One of the most common words confused with our target word is 'مدیر' (modir), which translates to 'manager' or 'director'. While both words imply authority and accountability, 'مدیر' is typically a formal job title indicating a higher level of organizational hierarchy. A 'مدیر' oversees an entire department or company, whereas a 'مسئول' might just be in charge of a single project, a specific desk, or a temporary task. For example, the 'مدیر عامل' is the CEO, but the person handling the projector in a meeting is simply the 'مسئول پروژکتور'. Using 'مدیر' for a minor task sounds overly grand, while using 'مسئول' for a CEO might sound slightly dismissive of their rank.

او مدیر شرکت است، اما من مسئول این پروژه هستم.

He is the manager of the company, but I am responsible for this project.

Another closely related term is 'سرپرست' (sarparast), which means 'supervisor', 'guardian', or 'caretaker'. This word emphasizes the aspect of looking after someone or something, often with a protective or guiding nuance. A 'سرپرست' oversees workers on a factory floor or acts as a legal guardian for an orphan. While a 'مسئول' is accountable for the outcome, a 'سرپرست' is actively managing the process and the people involved. The distinction is subtle but important in professional and legal contexts. You would refer to the supervisor of a construction site as a سرپرست, highlighting their active oversight role.

سرپرست (Sarparast - Supervisor/Guardian): Focuses on active oversight, guidance, or guardianship, whereas مسئول focuses purely on accountability.

In contexts of blame or fault, the word 'مقصر' (moqasser) is crucial. While 'مسئول' means responsible in a neutral or positive sense (having the duty), 'مقصر' specifically means 'guilty' or 'at fault' when something goes wrong. If there is a car accident, the police will determine who is the 'مقصر' (the one who caused it). You can be the 'مسئول' (the person in charge of the car) without being the 'مقصر' (the one who caused the crash), though often the two overlap. Confusing these two can lead to serious misunderstandings, as calling someone 'مقصر' is a direct accusation, whereas calling them 'مسئول' is merely stating their role.

من مسئول تیم هستم، اما در این اشتباه مقصر نیستم.

I am responsible for the team, but I am not at fault for this mistake.

Finally, there are more formal or specific terms like 'متصدی' (motasaddi - clerk/operator) and 'عهده‌دار' (ohdeh-dar - bearer/person in charge). A 'متصدی' is usually someone operating a machine or a specific desk, like a bank teller (متصدی بانک). 'عهده‌دار' is a very formal, literary way of saying someone has undertaken a responsibility. As an A1 learner, you do not need to actively use these advanced terms, but recognizing them helps you understand that 'مسئول' is the everyday, versatile anchor word from which these more specific terms branch out. Mastering the anchor word first provides the foundation for all future vocabulary expansion in this semantic field.

مقصر (Moqasser - Guilty/At fault): Used specifically for blame after a negative event. It carries a negative connotation, unlike the neutral/positive 'مسئول'.

متصدی بانک به من کمک کرد.

The bank clerk helped me.

او سرپرست کارگران است.

He is the supervisor of the workers.

How Formal Is It?

مستوى الصعوبة

قواعد يجب معرفتها

Ezafe construction (مسئولِ پروژه)

Present tense of 'to be' (هستم, است)

Negative formation with 'نیست'

Pluralization with 'ان' and 'ین' (مسئولان, مسئولین)

Compound adjective formation (مسئولیت‌پذیر)

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

أمثلة حسب المستوى

من مسئول هستم.

I am responsible.

Simple subject + adjective + 'to be' verb structure.

او مسئول این کار است.

He/She is responsible for this work.

Using 'مسئول' followed directly by the object of responsibility.

مسئول اینجا کیست؟

Who is in charge here?

Interrogative sentence using 'کیست' (who is).

علی مسئول خرید است.

Ali is responsible for shopping.

Connecting a name to a specific task using 'مسئول'.

من مسئول نیستم.

I am not responsible.

Negative form using 'نیستم'.

آیا شما مسئول هستید؟

Are you responsible?

Formal question using 'آیا' and 'شما'.

پدرم مسئول است.

My father is responsible.

Using family vocabulary with the adjective.

مسئول کتابخانه کجاست؟

Where is the librarian/person in charge of the library?

Using 'مسئول' as a noun for a job title.

من مسئول تمیز کردن اتاق هستم.

I am responsible for cleaning the room.

Using an infinitive phrase (تمیز کردن) after مسئول.

ما مسئول این اشتباه نیستیم.

We are not responsible for this mistake.

Plural subject with negative verb.

لطفاً با مسئول بخش صحبت کنید.

Please speak with the department manager.

Imperative sentence using 'با' (with).

او یک دانش‌آموز بسیار مسئول است.

He/She is a very responsible student.

Using 'مسئول' as an adjective modifying a noun (دانش‌آموز).

چه کسی مسئول بچه‌ها است؟

Who is responsible for the children?

Question word 'چه کسی' (who).

مسئول فروش امروز نیامده است.

The sales manager hasn't come today.

Present perfect tense (نیامده است).

من فردا مسئول این پروژه خواهم بود.

I will be responsible for this project tomorrow.

Future tense (خواهم بود).

آنها مسئولیت‌پذیر هستند.

They are responsible (people).

Introduction of the compound adjective 'مسئولیت‌پذیر'.

به عنوان مسئول پروژه، باید گزارش را بنویسم.

As the project manager, I must write the report.

Using 'به عنوان' (as) to state a role.

ما در قبال مشتریان خود مسئول هستیم.

We are responsible towards our customers.

Using the preposition 'در قبال' (towards/in relation to).

دولت مسئول تامین امنیت شهروندان است.

The government is responsible for providing security for citizens.

Complex sentence structure with abstract nouns.

اگر مشکلی پیش بیاید، چه کسی مسئول خواهد بود؟

If a problem occurs, who will be responsible?

Conditional sentence (اگر... بیاید).

او به دلیل رفتار غیرمسئولانه‌اش اخراج شد.

He was fired due to his irresponsible behavior.

Using the adverbial form 'غیرمسئولانه' (irresponsibly/irresponsible).

مسئولین باید به سوالات مردم پاسخ دهند.

The authorities must answer the people's questions.

Using the plural noun 'مسئولین' (authorities).

من هیچ مسئولیتی در این زمینه قبول نمی‌کنم.

I do not accept any responsibility in this matter.

Using the abstract noun 'مسئولیت' with the verb 'قبول کردن' (to accept).

پیدا کردن راه حل، مسئولیت مشترک ماست.

Finding a solution is our shared responsibility.

Using 'مسئولیت مشترک' (shared responsibility).

شرکت ما تنها در قبال خسارات مستقیم مسئول است.

Our company is only responsible for direct damages.

Legal/formal vocabulary (خسارات مستقیم).

احساس مسئولیت او نسبت به محیط زیست قابل تحسین است.

His/Her sense of responsibility towards the environment is admirable.

Using 'احساس مسئولیت' (sense of responsibility).

تصمیم‌گیری در این سطح، نیازمند یک فرد مسئول و باتجربه است.

Decision-making at this level requires a responsible and experienced individual.

Complex noun phrases and formal register.

مسئولین ذی‌ربط در حال بررسی علت حادثه هستند.

The relevant authorities are investigating the cause of the accident.

Formal phrase 'مسئولین ذی‌ربط' (relevant authorities).

نمی‌توان تمام تقصیرها را به گردن یک مسئول انداخت.

One cannot put all the blame on a single official.

Idiomatic expression 'به گردن کسی انداختن' (to put the blame on someone's neck).

هر شهروند در برابر قانون مسئول و پاسخگو است.

Every citizen is responsible and accountable before the law.

Pairing synonyms 'مسئول و پاسخگو' for emphasis.

واگذاری مسئولیت به افراد بی‌تجربه، ریسک بزرگی است.

Delegating responsibility to inexperienced individuals is a big risk.

Using 'واگذاری مسئولیت' (delegating responsibility).

او با وجود سن کم، مسئولیت خانواده را بر عهده گرفت.

Despite his/her young age, he/she took on the responsibility of the family.

Using 'بر عهده گرفتن' (to take on/assume).

مسئولیت کیفری تنها متوجه شخصی است که مرتکب جرم شده است.

Criminal responsibility solely falls upon the person who committed the crime.

Advanced legal terminology (مسئولیت کیفری).

در ساختارهای بوروکراتیک، یافتن مسئول اصلی یک معضل پیچیده است.

In bureaucratic structures, finding the main person responsible is a complex dilemma.

Academic vocabulary (ساختارهای بوروکراتیک).

فقدان حس مسئولیت‌پذیری اجتماعی می‌تواند به فروپاشی اعتماد عمومی منجر شود.

The lack of a sense of social responsibility can lead to the collapse of public trust.

Abstract sociological concepts (مسئولیت‌پذیری اجتماعی).

مدیران ارشد باید در قبال تصمیمات استراتژیک خود کاملاً مسئولانه عمل کنند.

Senior managers must act completely responsibly regarding their strategic decisions.

Using 'مسئولانه' as an adverb of manner.

انتقاد رسانه‌ها از عدم پاسخگویی مسئولان، بازتاب گسترده‌ای داشت.

The media's criticism of the officials' lack of accountability had widespread reflection.

Complex sentence with multiple abstract nouns.

مفهوم مسئولیت در فلسفه اگزیستانسیالیسم با آزادی فردی گره خورده است.

The concept of responsibility in existentialist philosophy is tied to individual freedom.

Philosophical discourse.

پیمانکار موظف است کلیه مسئولیت‌های ناشی از حوادث کارگاهی را بپذیرد.

The contractor is obliged to accept all responsibilities arising from workplace accidents.

Formal contractual language.

شانه خالی کردن از زیر بار مسئولیت، نشان‌دهنده ضعف شخصیتی است.

Shirking responsibility indicates a weakness of character.

Advanced idiom 'شانه خالی کردن از زیر بار مسئولیت' (to shirk responsibility).

تبیین حدود و ثغور مسئولیت مدنی در حقوق تطبیقی، نیازمند مداقه فراوان است.

Elucidating the boundaries of civil liability in comparative law requires immense scrutiny.

Highly formal, academic, and archaic vocabulary (حدود و ثغور, مداقه).

در غیاب نهادهای مدنی قدرتمند، پاسخگو کردن مسئولین رده‌بالا امری غامض می‌نماید.

In the absence of powerful civil institutions, holding high-ranking officials accountable appears to be an obscure matter.

Advanced syntax and literary phrasing (امری غامض می‌نماید).

نویسنده در این اثر، بار سنگین مسئولیت تاریخی روشنفکران را به تصویر می‌کشد.

In this work, the author depicts the heavy burden of the historical responsibility of intellectuals.

Literary critique vocabulary.

آیا انسان در قبال جبر تاریخ مسئول است، یا تنها بازیچه‌ای در دست تقدیر؟

Is man responsible in the face of historical determinism, or merely a plaything in the hands of fate?

Philosophical and existential questioning.

مسئولیت تضامنی شرکا در شرکت‌های تجاری، ضامن حفظ حقوق بستانکاران است.

The joint and several liability of partners in commercial companies guarantees the protection of creditors' rights.

Highly specialized commercial law terminology (مسئولیت تضامنی).

فرافکنی و احاله مسئولیت به بیگانگان، ترفندی نخ‌نما برای گریز از پاسخگویی است.

Projection and delegating responsibility to foreigners is a threadbare trick to escape accountability.

Advanced rhetorical and political analysis vocabulary (فرافکنی, احاله, نخ‌نما).

وجدان بیدار، عالی‌ترین محکمه‌ای است که انسان را در قبال اعمالش مسئول می‌شناسد.

An awakened conscience is the highest court that holds a human being responsible for their actions.

Poetic and moralistic phrasing.

تعهدات بین‌المللی، دولت‌ها را ملزم به پذیرش مسئولیت در قبال تغییرات اقلیمی می‌کند.

International obligations compel states to accept responsibility regarding climate change.

Diplomatic and international relations discourse.

تلازمات شائعة

مسئول پروژه

مسئول فروش

مسئول خرید

مسئول فنی

مسئول مستقیم

احساس مسئولیت

شخص مسئول

مسئولین دولتی

مسئولیت سنگین

قبول مسئولیت

العبارات الشائعة

مسئول اینجا کیست؟

من مسئول نیستم.

به عنوان مسئول

در قبال ... مسئول بودن

مسئولیت پذیرفتن

مسئولیت بر عهده داشتن

شانه خالی کردن از مسئولیت

مسئولیت مشترک

مسئولیت اجتماعی

مسئولیت قانونی

يُخلط عادةً مع

مسئول vs وظیفه (duty)

مسئول vs مقصر (guilty/at fault)

مسئول vs مسئله (problem/issue)

تعبيرات اصطلاحية

"به گردن گرفتن (مسئولیت)"

"شانه خالی کردن از زیر بار مسئولیت"

"پای کسی نوشته شدن"

"کاسه کوزه سر کسی شکستن (to be held responsible unfairly)"

"جوابگو بودن"

"به عهده داشتن"

"زیر بار رفتن"

"بار روی دوش کسی بودن"

"گریبان‌گیر کسی شدن"

"پاسخگو کردن"

سهل الخلط

مسئول vs

أنماط الجُمل

سجّل مجاناً لرؤية جميع الأمثلة

كيفية الاستخدام

note

While 'مسئول' means responsible, it doesn't always mean 'at fault'. Use 'مقصر' for blame.

أخطاء شائعة

Spelling it as مسول without the hamza (ئ).
Pronouncing it as a single syllable 'masool' without the glottal stop.
Using 'برای' (for) instead of the Ezafe construction (e.g., saying مسئول برای پروژه instead of مسئول پروژه).
Confusing it with 'وظیفه' (duty) and saying 'این مسئول من است' instead of 'این وظیفه من است'.
Using 'مسئول' when meaning 'مسئولیت' (responsibility), e.g., saying 'من مسئول دارم' instead of 'من مسئولیت دارم'.

نصائح

Drop the Preposition

English speakers love to use 'for' (برای) after responsible. In Persian, just link the words directly using Ezafe. Say 'مسئولِ کار' instead of 'مسئول برای کار'. It sounds much more native.

Don't Forget the Hamza

The little squiggle over the letter 'ye' (ئ) is crucial. Always write مسئول, not مسول. It shows you have a good grasp of formal Persian orthography.

Noun vs. Adjective

Remember that مسئول can be both! 'من مسئول هستم' (I am responsible - Adjective). 'مسئول کجاست؟' (Where is the manager? - Noun). This makes it a very high-value word to learn.

The Glottal Stop

Practice the slight catch in your throat between 'mas' and 'ul'. It shouldn't sound exactly like 'pool'. Think of it like the pause in 'uh-oh'. Mas...ul.

A Sign of Respect

Calling someone the 'مسئول' of a task gives them authority and respect. It acknowledges their role and importance in getting the job done.

News Vocabulary

If you want to understand Iranian news, memorize the plural 'مسئولین' (mas'ulin). You will hear it in almost every political or economic report referring to government officials.

Duty vs. Responsible

Never say 'این مسئول من است' to mean 'This is my duty'. Use 'وظیفه' (vazifeh) for duty. Use مسئول only for the person.

Asking for Help

'مسئول اینجا کیه؟' (Who's in charge here?) is your magic phrase when you are lost, need a refund, or have a problem in any public place in Iran.

Add 'Pazir'

Add the suffix '-pazir' (accepting) to the noun form to describe a reliable personality: مسئولیت‌پذیر (responsible/reliable person). It's a great adjective for resumes.

Listen for the 'E'

In spoken Persian, 'مسئول است' (is responsible) blends into 'mas'ul-e'. Train your ear to catch this short 'e' sound at the end of the word.

احفظها

وسيلة تذكّر

Imagine a MASS of people asking YOU a question because you are the MAS'UL (responsible one).

أصل الكلمة

Arabic

السياق الثقافي

Highly versatile; appropriate in both casual family settings and formal legal/governmental contexts.

Using 'مسئول' instead of 'رئیس' (boss) can sometimes sound more professional and less authoritarian.

تدرّب في الحياة الواقعية

سياقات واقعية

بدايات محادثة

"تو در محل کارت مسئول چه کاری هستی؟ (What are you responsible for at your workplace?)"

"به نظر تو ویژگی‌های یک فرد مسئولیت‌پذیر چیست؟ (What do you think are the traits of a responsible person?)"

"آیا دوست داری مسئول یک تیم بزرگ باشی؟ (Would you like to be in charge of a large team?)"

"چه کسی مسئول خرید خانه شماست؟ (Who is responsible for shopping in your house?)"

"سخت‌ترین مسئولیتی که تا به حال داشتی چه بوده است؟ (What is the hardest responsibility you have ever had?)"

مواضيع للكتابة اليومية

Write about a time you were given a big responsibility (مسئولیت بزرگ).

Describe the responsibilities of your dream job.

Who is the most responsible person you know and why?

Write a dialogue between a customer and a store manager (مسئول فروشگاه).

List five things you are responsible for today.

الأسئلة الشائعة

10 أسئلة

The letter 'ئ' represents a glottal stop, similar to the catch in your throat when you say 'uh-oh'. In the word 'مسئول', it creates a slight pause between 'mas' and 'ul'. However, in casual, fast spoken Persian, many native speakers smooth this over, and it sounds almost like a continuous 'mas-ool'. For beginners, it is best to practice the slight pause to ensure clarity and correct spelling association.

In formal writing, academic papers, news articles, and official documents, you must write it with the hamza: مسئول. Writing it as مسول is considered a spelling error. However, in informal text messages or social media, you might occasionally see native speakers type 'مسول' out of laziness or speed, but it is not grammatically correct. Always learn the correct spelling first.

'مدیر' (modir) specifically means 'manager' or 'director' and usually refers to a formal job title with broad authority over a company or department. 'مسئول' (mas'ul) is more versatile; it means 'responsible' or 'in charge'. You can be the 'مسئول' of a very small task (like taking out the trash) without being a 'مدیر'. Every مدیر is a مسئول, but not every مسئول is a مدیر.

To say 'I have a responsibility', you must use the abstract noun form 'مسئولیت' (mas'uliyat) with the verb 'داشتن' (to have). The correct phrase is 'من مسئولیت دارم' (Man mas'uliyat daram). You cannot say 'من مسئول دارم', as that would mean 'I have a responsible person'. Remember: مسئول is the person/adjective, مسئولیت is the concept.

No, 'مسئولین' (mas'ulin) is an Arabic-style plural commonly used in Persian, especially in news and politics to mean 'officials' or 'authorities'. You can also use the standard Persian plural 'مسئولان' (mas'ulan), which is equally formal and correct. In very casual spoken Persian, you might even hear 'مسئول‌ها' (mas'ul-ha), though it is less elegant than the other two options.

While English speakers naturally want to say 'responsible FOR' and translate it as 'مسئول برای', this sounds unnatural in Persian. The best way is to use the Ezafe construction directly: 'مسئولِ پروژه' (mas'ul-e prozheh - responsible of the project). In more formal contexts, you can use 'در قبال' (dar qebal-e - towards/in relation to). Avoid using 'برای' unless absolutely necessary.

Not exactly. 'مسئول' means you are the person in charge or the one who must answer for an outcome. If something goes wrong, you are accountable because you are the مسئول. However, the specific word for 'guilty' or 'at fault' (the one who caused the bad thing) is 'مقصر' (moqasser). You can be the مسئول of a department without being the مقصر for a specific mistake made by an employee.

If you are in a store, restaurant, or office and need to speak to the person in charge, the most natural and polite phrase is 'مسئول اینجا کیست؟' (Mas'ul-e inja kist? - Who is in charge here?). You can also say 'می‌توانم با مسئول فروشگاه صحبت کنم؟' (Can I speak with the store manager?). It is universally understood and respectful.

'مسئولیت‌پذیر' (mas'uliyat-pazir) is a compound adjective made from 'مسئولیت' (responsibility) and 'پذیر' (accepting). It translates to 'responsible' in the sense of a character trait—someone who is reliable, accountable, and takes their duties seriously. Saying 'او آدم مسئولیت‌پذیری است' (He/She is a responsible person) is a great compliment in Persian culture.

The spelling reflects its Arabic root. In Arabic, the letter 'و' (vav) can act as a long 'u' vowel. In the word مسئول, the sequence is 'hamza' followed by 'vav', which creates the 'u' sound. Persian inherited this exact spelling. It is one of those words where you must memorize the visual shape alongside the pronunciation, as Persian orthography for Arabic loanwords can be complex.

سجّل مجاناً للنصائح والملاحظات