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A2 adjective #3,000 الأكثر شيوعاً 6 دقيقة للقراءة

具合が悪い

guai ga warui
تدرّب عليها أمثلة ملاحظات ونصائح 具合が悪い في 30 ثانية
الشرح 具合が悪い in your Level:
At the A1 level, you should learn 'guai ga warui' as a set phrase to tell people you are sick. It is one of the most useful expressions for survival Japanese. If you are in Japan and feel ill, saying 'Guai ga warui desu' to a teacher, host family, or hotel staff will immediately communicate that you need help or rest. You don't need to worry about complex grammar yet; just remember the polite form 'warui desu' and the past tense 'warukatta desu'. You might use it with 'chotto' (a little) to sound more natural: 'Chotto guai ga warui desu.' This level focuses on the physical health aspect only.
سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل
At the A2 level, you begin to use 'guai ga warui' with reasons and basic conjunctions. You can use 'node' (because) to explain absences: 'Guai ga warui node, kyou wa yasumimasu' (Because I feel unwell, I will rest today). You also learn that it can apply to machines, like a phone or a bicycle. You should be able to ask others about their health using this phrase: 'Guai ga warui n desu ka?' (Do you feel unwell?). You start to distinguish it from 'itai' (hurts) and 'byouki' (sick/illness).
At the B1 level, you use 'guai ga warui' in more professional and social contexts. You understand the nuance of using it as a polite excuse. For example, if you are invited to a party but don't want to go, saying 'Guai ga warui' is a socially acceptable way to decline without giving too much detail. You also start using the noun form 'guai' in other ways, such as 'guai o miru' (to check the condition of something). You are comfortable with all conjugations, including the conditional 'guai ga warukattara' (if you feel unwell).
سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل
At the B2 level, you recognize the subtle differences between 'guai,' 'taichou,' and 'choushi.' You use 'taichou ga warui' in formal business reports and 'guai ga warui' in spoken conversation. You also understand the 'situational' meaning of the phrase—when something is 'inconvenient' (tsugou ga warui). You can describe complex mechanical issues using 'guai,' such as the 'fit' of a lid or the 'alignment' of a door. Your usage is fluid and context-appropriate.
سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل
At the C1 level, you appreciate the etymological depth of 'guai' (originally referring to the way things meet or fit together). You can use the phrase in literary or highly formal contexts. You understand its use in idiomatic expressions and can identify when it's being used sarcastically or euphemistically in literature. You might use it to describe the 'state' of the economy or a political situation where things are not 'fitting' or 'functioning' as they should, though this is more metaphorical.
سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل
At the C2 level, you have a native-like grasp of the phrase's nuances. You can use it to discuss the 'guai' (texture/consistency) of materials in specialized fields like cooking or carpentry. You understand the historical shift of the word from meaning 'appearance' to 'condition.' You can navigate the most delicate social situations where 'guai ga warui' is used to signal social friction or moral inappropriateness without stating it directly.
سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل
تدرّب عليها أمثلة ملاحظات ونصائح

具合が悪い في 30 ثانية

  • Used to express feeling unwell or sick in a general sense.
  • Applicable to both human health and mechanical malfunctions.
  • A polite way to excuse oneself from work or social events.
  • Commonly conjugated as 'warukatta' (past) or 'warukute' (reasoning).

The Japanese expression 具合が悪い (guai ga warui) is a fundamental phrase used to describe a state of being 'unwell' or 'out of order.' At its core, guai (具合) refers to the condition, state, or manner of something, while warui (悪い) means 'bad.' When combined, they create a versatile descriptor for physical health, mechanical functionality, and even social convenience. In a medical context, it is the most common way to say 'I don't feel well' without necessarily specifying a disease or a particular symptom like a headache or stomachache. It covers a broad spectrum of malaise, from a slight dizzy spell to the onset of a heavy flu.

Physical Health
Used when your body feels 'off.' It is less clinical than saying 'I am sick' (byouki) and more about the immediate sensation of poor health.
Mechanical State
Used for machines, gadgets, or systems that are malfunctioning or not operating smoothly.
Social/Situational
Used when a timing or situation is inconvenient or awkward, though this is slightly more formal.

「ちょっと具合が悪いので、先に帰ってもいいですか？」(Chotto guai ga warui node, saki ni kaette mo ii desu ka?)

— I'm feeling a bit unwell, so may I go home early?

Understanding the nuance of guai is key. Unlike kibun ga warui, which often implies nausea or a temporary mood shift, guai ga warui suggests a more general physical condition. If a car engine is making a strange noise, a mechanic might say the 'guai' of the engine is bad. It implies that the internal harmony or the 'working order' of the subject is disrupted. This makes it an essential phrase for daily life in Japan, whether you are at the doctor, the office, or a repair shop.

エンジンの具合が悪いようです。(Enjin no guai ga warui you desu.)

— It seems the engine is in bad condition.

Furthermore, the phrase is often used as a polite euphemism. Instead of saying 'I have a hangover' or 'I am having menstrual cramps,' many Japanese speakers will simply say 'guai ga warui' to maintain a level of privacy while still communicating that they are not fit for work or social activities. It is the ultimate 'catch-all' for physical discomfort.

Using 具合が悪い requires understanding its grammatical structure as an i-adjective phrase. The word warui (悪い) conjugates just like any other i-adjective. To use it in the past tense, you change it to warukatta. For the negative, it becomes warukunai. When speaking to superiors or in a professional environment, always add desu to the end to maintain politeness.

Present Polite
具合が悪いです (Guai ga warui desu) - I feel unwell.
Past Polite
具合が悪かったです (Guai ga warukatta desu) - I felt unwell.
Te-form (Reasoning)
具合が悪くて... (Guai ga warukute...) - Because I feel unwell...

When you want to explain *why* you are absent or leaving, the te-form (warukute) or the causal particle 'node' are your best friends. For example, 'Guai ga warui node, yasumimasu' (I will take a day off because I feel unwell). This is considered more polite and softer than using 'kara'.

昨日は具合が悪かったので、学校を休みました。(Kinou wa guai ga warukatta node, gakkou o yasumimashita.)

In terms of physical location, if you want to specify *where* you feel bad, you usually don't use 'guai ga warui' for specific body parts like 'my hand feels bad.' Instead, you would say 'te no choushi ga warui' or simply 'te ga itai' (my hand hurts). 'Guai ga warui' is almost always reserved for the whole body or internal systems (like the stomach or head) where the 'condition' is the focus.

You will encounter 具合が悪い in various settings, ranging from the very casual to the professional. It is a staple of Japanese social etiquette. In the workplace, it is the standard phrase used when calling in sick. Your boss might ask, 'Doushitano?' (What's wrong?), and you would reply with 'Chotto guai ga warukute...' (I'm feeling a bit unwell...).

「お体に障りますか？」「ええ、少し具合が悪いんです。」

— "Is it affecting your health?" "Yes, I'm feeling a bit unwell."

In a medical setting, the nurse or doctor will likely ask, 'Itsu kara guai ga warui desu ka?' (Since when have you been feeling unwell?). Here, it serves as the opening for a more detailed medical history. At home, family members use it to check on each other. If someone looks pale, you might ask, 'Guai ga warui no?' (Do you feel sick?).

At the Station
You might hear announcements asking passengers to alert staff if they see someone 'guai no warui o-kyaku-sama' (a passenger who feels unwell).
At School
Students tell their teachers 'guai ga warui desu' to go to the nurse's office (hoken-shitsu).

One of the most common mistakes for learners is confusing 具合が悪い with 気分が悪い (kibun ga warui). While they both translate to 'feeling bad,' they are used differently. Kibun ga warui usually refers to nausea, feeling like you might throw up, or a psychological state (feeling unpleasant/angry). If you have a fever or a general cold, use guai ga warui.

❌ 私は病気です。(Watashi wa byouki desu.)
✅ 具合が悪いです。(Guai ga warui desu.)

Another mistake is using 'byouki' (illness/disease) when you just have a temporary malaise. Saying 'byouki desu' sounds like you have a chronic or serious medical condition. For a cold, a headache, or general tiredness, 'guai ga warui' is much more natural.

Mistake: Overusing 'Itai'
Learners often say 'Atama ga itai' (My head hurts) for everything. While correct, 'Guai ga warui' is better if you feel generally sick and your head just happens to be part of it.
Mistake: Wrong Particle
Using 'wo' instead of 'ga'. It is always 'guai GA warui' because the condition itself is the subject that is bad.

There are several words that overlap with 具合が悪い. Choosing the right one depends on the specific feeling or the level of formality you wish to convey.

体調が悪い (Taichou ga warui)
Very similar to guai ga warui, but specifically refers to 'physical condition.' It is slightly more formal and very common in business emails.
気分が悪い (Kibun ga warui)
Focuses on 'feeling' or 'mood.' Often used for nausea or motion sickness. It can also mean feeling offended by someone's behavior.
調子が悪い (Choushi ga warui)
Used for things not being in their peak state. Great for athletes ('I'm not in top form') or machines ('The Wi-Fi is acting up').
吐き気がする (Hakike ga suru)
Specifically means 'I feel nauseous' or 'I want to vomit.'

パソコンの調子が悪いんです。(Pasokon no choushi ga warui n desu.)

— My computer is acting up (bad condition).

While guai and choushi are often interchangeable for machines, guai sounds a bit more internal/structural, while choushi sounds more about the 'rhythm' or 'output' of the machine.

How Formal Is It?

مستوى الصعوبة

قواعد يجب معرفتها

~node (Reason)

~sou (Appearance)

~tara (Conditional)

~te shimau (Regret)

Noun modification with adjectives

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

أمثلة حسب المستوى

1

具合が悪いです。

I feel unwell.

Polite present tense.

2

具合が悪いですか？

Do you feel unwell?

Question form.

3

ちょっと具合が悪いです。

I feel a little unwell.

Adding 'chotto' for nuance.

4

昨日、具合が悪かったです。

I felt unwell yesterday.

Past tense.

5

具合が悪くないです。

I don't feel unwell.

Negative form.

6

田中さんは具合が悪いです。

Mr. Tanaka feels unwell.

Describing someone else.

7

お腹の具合が悪いです。

My stomach feels bad.

Specifying a body part.

8

具合が悪いので、寝ます。

I feel unwell, so I will sleep.

Using 'node' for reason.

1

具合が悪いので、学校を休みます。

I'm taking a day off school because I feel unwell.

Standard 'reason + action' pattern.

2

スマホの具合が悪いです。

My smartphone is acting up.

Mechanical usage.

3

具合が悪くなったら、言ってください。

If you start to feel unwell, please tell me.

Conditional 'tara'.

4

具合が悪い時は、無理をしないでください。

When you feel unwell, please don't overdo it.

Using 'toki' (when).

5

まだ具合が悪いんですか？

Do you still feel unwell?

Using 'n desu' for explanation/emphasis.

6

具合が悪くて、何も食べられません。

I feel unwell and can't eat anything.

Te-form for cause.

7

朝から具合が悪いです。

I've felt unwell since this morning.

Using 'kara' (since).

8

自転車の具合が悪いです。

My bicycle is in bad condition.

Mechanical usage.

1

具合が悪そうですね。大丈夫ですか？

You look like you feel unwell. Are you okay?

Using 'sou' (looks like).

2

急に具合が悪くなってしまいました。

I've suddenly ended up feeling unwell.

Using 'te shimau' for regret/accident.

3

具合が悪いふりをして、仕事を休みました。

I pretended to be unwell and took a day off work.

Using 'furi o suru' (pretend).

4

エンジンの具合が悪いので、修理に出します。

The engine is in bad condition, so I'll send it for repair.

Professional mechanical usage.

5

具合が悪ければ、早めに帰っても構いません。

If you feel unwell, it's fine if you go home early.

Conditional 'ba'.

6

最近、ずっと胃の具合が悪いんです。

Lately, my stomach has been in bad condition the whole time.

Continuous state.

7

具合が悪いのを我慢して、働き続けました。

I endured feeling unwell and kept working.

Using 'no' to nominalize the phrase.

8

具合が悪い原因が分かりません。

I don't know the cause of feeling unwell.

Noun modification.

1

どうも具合が悪いと思ったら、熱がありました。

I thought something was wrong, and it turns out I had a fever.

Using 'doumo' for uncertainty.

2

この計画は、少し具合が悪い点があります。

There are some points in this plan that are problematic.

Abstract/situational usage.

3

具合が悪くなる前に、休憩を取りましょう。

Let's take a break before we start feeling unwell.

Preventative context.

4

彼は具合が悪いと言って、会合を欠席した。

He said he was unwell and was absent from the meeting.

Reported speech.

5

お体の具合はいかがですか？

How is your physical condition? (Very polite)

Honorific 'o' and 'ikaga'.

6

喉の具合が悪くて、声が出ません。

My throat is in bad condition, so I can't speak.

Specific internal condition.

7

機械の具合が悪い時は、すぐに電源を切ってください。

When the machine is malfunctioning, please turn off the power immediately.

Instructional context.

8

具合が悪いところを見せたくなかった。

I didn't want to show that I was feeling unwell.

Emotional nuance.

1

世の中の具合が悪くなっているように感じる。

I feel like the state of the world is worsening.

Metaphorical/Societal usage.

2

具合が悪いことに、雨が降り出した。

To make matters worse, it started to rain.

Idiomatic 'guai ga warui koto ni'.

3

建付けの具合が悪くて、ドアが閉まらない。

The fit is bad, so the door won't close.

Specialized mechanical usage.

4

返事の具合が悪かったのか、彼は怒ってしまった。

Perhaps the way I replied was bad; he ended up getting angry.

Social nuance/Manner of reply.

5

胃腸の具合が悪いので、粗食を心がけている。

Since my digestive system is poor, I'm trying to eat simple food.

Health management context.

6

具合が悪いという言葉で、彼は本心を隠した。

He hid his true feelings behind the words 'I'm unwell.'

Literary analysis.

7

景気の具合が悪くなると、失業者が増える。

When the economic condition worsens, unemployment increases.

Economic context.

8

この靴は、どうも足の具合が悪い。

These shoes just don't fit my feet right.

Physical fit/Comfort.

1

万事具合が悪く運び、計画は頓挫した。

Everything went poorly, and the plan collapsed.

Formal/Literary 'banji' (everything).

2

具合が悪いと言えば、彼の態度のことだ。

If we're talking about things being 'off,' it's his attitude.

Sarcastic/Social critique.

3

組織の歯車の具合が悪くなっている。

The gears of the organization are malfunctioning.

Advanced metaphor.

4

具合が悪いのは承知の上で、この策を講じる。

I am aware that the situation is unfavorable, but I will take this measure.

Strategic context.

5

その場しのぎの嘘は、後で具合が悪くなるものだ。

Stopgap lies usually lead to awkward situations later.

Philosophical/Moral context.

6

塩梅というか、具合が悪いというか、何とも言えない味だ。

Whether it's the seasoning or just 'off,' it's an indescribable taste.

Culinary nuance.

7

具合が悪いことに、彼はその場に居合わせた。

Unluckily/Inconveniently, he happened to be there.

Fixed expression for misfortune.

8

時代の具合が悪くなると、人は保守的になる。

When the state of the times worsens, people become conservative.

Sociological observation.

تلازمات شائعة

体の具合が悪い (karada no...)
胃の具合が悪い (i no...)
お腹の具合が悪い (onaka no...)
機械の具合が悪い (kikai no...)
エンジンの具合が悪い (enjin no...)
建付けの具合が悪い (tatsuke no...)
具合が悪そうに見える (...sou ni mieru)
具合が悪くなる (...naru)
具合が悪くて休む (...yasumu)
具合が悪いと言う (...to iu)

العبارات الشائعة

ちょっと具合が悪いです
具合が悪くなりました
具合が悪かったら言ってください
具合が悪くて動けません
具合が悪いので失礼します
具合が悪いんですか？
どうも具合が悪い
昨日から具合が悪い
具合が悪いふりをする
具合が悪いところを助ける

يُخلط عادةً مع

具合が悪い vs 気分が悪い

Used for nausea or mood, while 'guai' is general health.

具合が悪い vs 病気

Means 'illness/disease'; 'guai' is just the current 'condition'.

具合が悪い vs 痛い

Means 'painful'; 'guai' is 'unwell'.

تعبيرات اصطلاحية

"具合が悪いことに (guai ga warui koto ni) - Unfortunately / To make matters worse"
"具合を見る (guai o miru) - To check the condition"
"具合を合わせる (guai o awaseru) - To adjust the condition/fit"
"具合が良い (guai ga yoi) - Convenient / In good health"
"具合を伺う (guai o ukagau) - To ask after someone's health (polite)"
"具合を損ねる (guai o sokoneru) - To damage one's health"
"具合がつく (guai ga tsuku) - To be arranged/settled"
"具合を直す (guai o naosu) - To fix the condition"
"具合が抜ける (guai ga nukeru) - To lose one's form/spirit"
"具合が良いようにする (guai ga yoi you ni suru) - To make things go smoothly"

سهل الخلط

具合が悪い vs

具合が悪い vs

具合が悪い vs

具合が悪い vs

具合が悪い vs

أنماط الجُمل

سجّل مجاناً لرؤية جميع الأمثلة

كيفية الاستخدام

nuance

Less clinical than 'byouki'.

social

A standard 'safe' excuse.

versatility

Works for people and objects.

أخطاء شائعة

نصائح

At the Doctor

Use this as your opening line to explain why you are there.

Conjugation

Remember it's an i-adjective. Warui -> Warukatta.

Excuses

It's the most polite way to say you can't make it due to health.

Machines

Use it when your computer or phone is acting strange.

Vs Kibun

Use 'guai' for a cold, 'kibun' for nausea.

Adding Desu

Always add 'desu' in professional settings.

Body Parts

You can specify: 'I no guai' (stomach condition).

Emails

In formal emails, 'taichou' is slightly better.

Announcements

Listen for it on trains regarding sick passengers.

Privacy

Use it to avoid explaining exactly what is wrong.

احفظها

أصل الكلمة

具合 (Guai) comes from 'gu' (ingredients/tools) and 'ai' (meeting/fitting).

السياق الثقافي

If a friend says this, it's a cue to offer help or let them go home early.

Always use 'desu' when telling a doctor or superior.

Calling in with 'guai ga warui' is standard. No one will usually press for details.

تدرّب في الحياة الواقعية

سياقات واقعية

بدايات محادثة

"具合が悪いんですか？顔色が悪いですよ。"

"最近、具合が悪い日が続いていて..."

"もし具合が悪くなったら、すぐに教えてね。"

"パソコンの具合が悪いんだけど、見てくれる？"

"具合が悪い時、何を食べますか？"

مواضيع للكتابة اليومية

最後に具合が悪かった時のことを書いてください。

具合が悪い時、どうやってリラックスしますか？

仕事で具合が悪くなった時、どうしますか？

具合が悪い友達に、どんなメッセージを送りますか？

機械の具合が悪くて困った経験はありますか？

الأسئلة الشائعة

10 أسئلة

Yes, you can say 'Atama no guai ga warui' or just 'Guai ga warui' if you have a headache.

Yes, it is very common. Just add 'desu' or use 'taichou ga warui desu' for more formality.

No, it usually refers to common illnesses like colds or temporary malaise.

Yes, 'Kuruma no guai ga warui' is perfectly natural.

'Taichou' is specifically physical health; 'guai' is more general and can apply to machines.

Use 'Chotto guai ga warui desu'.

Not at all. It is a standard, polite expression.

It usually implies physical health, but can be used vaguely for mental health too.

The opposite is 'guai ga yoi' or 'genki'.

No, for a bad smell, use 'iya na nioi' or 'hen na nioi'.

سجّل مجاناً للنصائح والملاحظات

اختبر نفسك 213 أسئلة

/ 213 correct

Perfect score!

سجّل مجاناً للتدريب

محتوى ذو صلة

هل كان هذا مفيداً؟

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