修理する
修理する في 30 ثانية
- 修理する (Shuuri suru) means 'to repair' or 'to fix' mechanical and physical objects.
- It is a formal 'suru-verb' primarily used for machines, electronics, and buildings.
- Unlike 'naosu', it is rarely used for abstract mistakes or healing illnesses.
- Commonly seen in contexts like car shops, tech support, and home maintenance.
The Japanese verb 修理する (shuuri suru) is a fundamental term used to describe the act of fixing or mending something that is broken, damaged, or malfunctioning. It is composed of two kanji characters: 修 (shu), which means to discipline, study, or mend, and 理 (ri), which refers to logic, reason, or the natural arrangement of things. When combined with the functional verb する (suru), it specifically targets the restoration of physical objects, mechanical devices, and electronic equipment to their proper working order.
- Mechanical Restoration
- This word is most frequently employed when dealing with complex machinery. If your car breaks down, your watch stops ticking, or your smartphone screen cracks, you are looking for a shuuri service. It implies a technical process where parts are replaced or adjusted.
- Physical Infrastructure
- Beyond gadgets, it applies to structural elements like roofs, pipes, and fences. It suggests a professional or intentional effort to return a structure to its original state of utility.
壊れた自転車を自分で修理することにしました。(I decided to repair the broken bicycle by myself.)
In everyday Japanese life, you will see this word on shop signs (修理受付 - Repair Desk), in instruction manuals, and during conversations with technicians. It carries a slightly more formal and technical nuance than the general verb 直す (naosu). While naosu can fix anything from a bad habit to a typo, shuuri suru is strictly reserved for the physical world of things that have parts and mechanisms.
Understanding the scope of 修理する helps learners avoid common pitfalls. For instance, you wouldn't use it to 'repair' a broken heart or a friendship; for those abstract concepts, Japanese uses words like shuufuku (restoration). This verb is your go-to for the tangible world: laptops, air conditioners, shoes, and even umbrellas. It represents the practical side of Japanese culture that values longevity and the maintenance of possessions.
Using 修理する correctly requires understanding its role as a transitive verb. In Japanese grammar, this means it almost always takes a direct object marked by the particle を (o). The basic structure is: [Object] を 修理する. This pattern is consistent across all levels of formality, from casual chats with friends to professional reports at work.
- Formal Requests
- When asking a professional to fix something, you would use the polite request form: 修理してください (Shuuri shite kudasai). If you are at a service center, you might say, 'パソコンを修理してください' (Please repair my computer).
- Describing Ongoing Actions
- To describe an action currently in progress, use the -te iru form: 修理しています (Shuuri shite imasu). For example, '父は今、庭の柵を修理しています' (My father is currently repairing the garden fence).
この時計は古いですが、修理すればまだ使えます。(This watch is old, but if you repair it, it can still be used.)
One interesting aspect of 修理する is how it interacts with potential and passive forms. The potential form 修理できる (shuuri dekiru) is vital when checking if a shop is capable of fixing a specific item. You might ask, 'この古いカメラは修理できますか?' (Can this old camera be repaired?). Conversely, the passive form 修理される (shuuri sareru) is used when the object is the focus of the sentence: 'その橋は来月修理される予定です' (That bridge is scheduled to be repaired next month).
In more complex sentences, 修理する can be nested within clauses to show purpose or cause. For example, '修理するために部品を注文しました' (I ordered parts in order to repair it). Here, the base form is followed by tame ni to express the objective. Mastering these variations allows you to navigate technical malfunctions in Japan with confidence, whether you are the one doing the fixing or the one seeking help.
In Japan, the word 修理する is omnipresent in both commercial and residential environments. If you walk through an electronics district like Akihabara in Tokyo or Nipponbashi in Osaka, you will see '修理' written in bold letters on signs everywhere. It is the standard term for the professional maintenance of technology. You will hear it in customer service interactions, where staff might say, 'メーカーに修理を依頼します' (We will request a repair from the manufacturer).
「すみません、この靴を修理するのにいくらかかりますか?」(Excuse me, how much will it cost to repair these shoes?)
Another common setting is the automotive industry. Car dealerships and local garages (整備工場 - seibi koujou) use this word constantly. When you take your car for its mandatory 'shaken' inspection, the mechanic might list parts that need shuuri. Similarly, in the housing market, when renting an apartment, the contract will often specify who is responsible for shuuri if the air conditioner or water heater breaks down. You might hear a landlord say, '設備が故障したら、私が修理します' (If the equipment breaks, I will repair it).
- Public Announcements
- At train stations, you might hear announcements about an escalator being '修理中' (shuuri-chuu), meaning it is currently under repair. This is a very common sight in busy urban centers where infrastructure maintenance is constant.
- Television and Media
- On DIY shows (called 'DIY' or 'Nichiyo Daiku' in Japan), presenters often demonstrate how to 'shuuri' household items, from leaky faucets to wobbly chairs, fostering a culture of self-reliance.
Even in literature and anime, the 'mechanic' character (often a 'shuuri-ya' or 'gishi') is a staple trope. Whether they are repairing a giant robot or a simple radio, the word 修理する signifies their expertise and their role in keeping the world functional. Listening for this word in these contexts will help you understand the gravity of the task—it is not just 'fixing' something; it is the restoration of value and utility.
While 修理する is a versatile verb, English speakers often over-apply it to contexts where other Japanese verbs are more appropriate. The most frequent mistake is using shuuri suru for abstract or non-mechanical corrections. In English, we 'repair' a relationship or 'fix' a mistake, but in Japanese, shuuri suru is strictly for the physical and mechanical.
- Mistake 1: Fixing Mistakes
- If you make a mistake in a sentence or a math problem, do not use 修理する. Instead, use 直す (naosu) or 訂正する (teisei suru). Saying '間違いを修理する' sounds like you are physically taking a wrench to a written error.
- Mistake 2: Abstract Concepts
- For repairing a damaged reputation or a broken heart, the correct term is 修復する (shuufuku suru). While it shares the first kanji with shuuri, the second kanji 'fuku' (restore) makes it suitable for relationships and intangible things.
❌ Incorrect: 骨折を修理する。
✅ Correct: 骨折を治療する (chiryō suru).
Note: You 'treat' or 'heal' a bone fracture, you don't 'repair' it like a machine.
Another nuance to watch out for is the difference between 修理する and 修繕する (shuuzen suru). While very similar, shuuzen is often used for smaller, more domestic repairs like mending clothes or fixing a sliding door (shoji). Using 修理する for a tiny tear in a sock might sound a bit too industrial or heavy-handed.
Lastly, be careful with the particle usage. Some learners mistakenly use ni instead of o. Remember: [Item] o shuuri suru. If you say [Item] ni shuuri suru, it makes no sense in Japanese. The item is the target of your action, so it must take the direct object marker.
Japanese has a rich vocabulary for the concept of 'fixing.' Choosing the right word depends entirely on what is being fixed and the level of formality required. While 修理する is the standard for mechanical repairs, here are the alternatives you will encounter:
- 直す (Naosu)
- The most common and versatile word. It covers repairing physical items, correcting mistakes, curing illnesses, and even improving your mood. If shuuri is the scalpel, naosu is the multi-tool.
- 修復する (Shuufuku suru)
- Used for restoration. This applies to art pieces, historical buildings, and abstract things like 'trust' (shinrai) or 'relationships' (kankei). It implies bringing something back to its original, pristine state.
- 整備する (Seibi suru)
- This means 'maintenance' or 'servicing.' You seibi a car regularly so that you don't have to shuuri it later. It’s proactive rather than reactive.
屋根を修繕する (Shuuzen suru) - To mend the roof.
Focuses on mending or patching up parts of a building or clothing.
For technical or industrial contexts, you might also see 改修する (kaishuu suru), which means to renovate or improve a facility, or 補修する (hoshuu suru), which means to touch up or perform minor repairs. If you are dealing with software, you will likely hear 修正する (shuusei suru), which means to modify or fix bugs.
Understanding these distinctions is key to sounding natural. A native speaker would feel a slight dissonance if you used shuuri suru for a software bug, just as an English speaker might find it odd if you said you were 'renovating' a broken pencil. Choose the word that matches the scale and nature of the damage.
How Formal Is It?
حقيقة ممتعة
The character 'Ri' (理) actually depicts the veins in jade, suggesting that 'repairing' involves understanding the inner structure of a thing.
دليل النطق
- Pronouncing the 'r' like an English 'r' (it should be a flap).
- Shortening the long 'uu' in 'shuu'.
- Over-emphasizing the 'u' at the end of 'suru' (it's often nearly silent).
- Mixing up the pitch accent with 'Shuuri' (a different word).
- Mispronouncing 'sh' as 's'.
مستوى الصعوبة
The kanji are common but require practice to recognize quickly.
Writing '修' and '理' correctly involves many strokes.
The pronunciation is straightforward for English speakers.
Distinct sound that is easy to pick out in context.
ماذا تتعلّم بعد ذلك
المتطلبات الأساسية
تعلّم لاحقاً
متقدم
أمثلة حسب المستوى
この時計を修理します。
I will repair this clock.
Simple transitive verb usage with 'o'.
父は自転車を修理します。
My father repairs the bicycle.
Subject + Object + Verb pattern.
おもちゃを修理してください。
Please repair the toy.
Request form using '-te kudasai'.
だれが修理しますか?
Who will repair it?
Question word 'dare' (who).
靴を修理しました。
I repaired the shoes.
Past tense form '-mashita'.
ここで修理できますか?
Can I repair it here?
Potential form 'dekiru'.
修理はいくらですか?
How much is the repair?
Noun usage of 'shuuri'.
明日修理します。
I will repair it tomorrow.
Time adverb 'ashita'.
壊れたカメラを修理したいです。
I want to repair the broken camera.
Desire form '-tai'.
修理するのに一週間かかります。
It takes one week to repair it.
Using 'no ni' to indicate purpose/time.
自分で修理するのは難しいです。
Repairing it by yourself is difficult.
Nominalizing the verb with 'no wa'.
母に傘を修理してもらいました。
I had my mother repair the umbrella.
Benefactive construction '-te morau'.
修理する前に、値段を聞きます。
Before repairing, I will ask for the price.
Using 'mae ni' (before).
まだ修理していません。
I haven't repaired it yet.
Negative continuous form '-te imasen'.
修理が終わったら教えてください。
Please tell me when the repair is finished.
Using '-tara' for 'when/if'.
この店は安く修理してくれます。
This shop repairs things cheaply for me.
Adverbial usage of 'yasui' (cheaply).
修理代が高かったので、新しいのを買いました。
Since the repair cost was high, I bought a new one.
Causal conjunction 'node'.
修理すれば、まだ十分に使えますよ。
If you repair it, you can still use it enough.
Conditional form '-reba'.
どこで修理してもらえるか知っていますか?
Do you know where I can get it repaired?
Embedded question with 'ka'.
修理に出したパソコンが戻ってきました。
The computer I sent for repair has come back.
Relative clause describing 'pasokon'.
プロに修理を依頼することにしました。
I decided to request a repair from a professional.
Decision making 'koto ni suru'.
この部品がないと、修理できません。
Without this part, we cannot repair it.
Condition 'to' (if/when).
修理する価値があるかどうか分かりません。
I don't know whether it's worth repairing or not.
Whether or not 'ka dou ka'.
急いで修理しなければなりません。
I must repair it in a hurry.
Obligation '-nakereba narimasen'.
この建物は、来月から修理される予定です。
This building is scheduled to be repaired starting next month.
Passive form 'sareru' and 'yotei' (plan).
修理に必要な道具を揃えておきました。
I have prepared the tools necessary for the repair.
Preparation form '-te oku'.
修理が遅れている理由を説明してください。
Please explain the reason why the repair is delayed.
Relative clause and 'setsumei' (explain).
メーカーの保証期間内なら、無料で修理できます。
If it's within the manufacturer's warranty period, it can be repaired for free.
Condition 'nara' and 'muryou' (free).
彼は壊れた機械を修理するのが得意です。
He is good at repairing broken machinery.
Nominalized verb + 'tokui' (skilled at).
修理を繰り返しても、またすぐに壊れてしまう。
Even if I repair it repeatedly, it breaks again immediately.
Repetition and 'shimau' (unfortunate result).
屋根を修理するついでに、壁も塗り直しました。
While I was at it repairing the roof, I also repainted the walls.
Using 'tsuide ni' (while doing/on the occasion).
修理の途中で、さらに大きな問題が見つかりました。
In the middle of the repair, an even bigger problem was found.
Using 'tochuu de' (in the middle of).
歴史的な建造物を修理するには、高度な技術が必要です。
Repairing historical structures requires advanced technology.
Formal noun 'kenzoubutsu' and 'koudo' (advanced).
修理を余儀なくされた結果、莫大な費用がかかった。
As a result of being forced to make repairs, it cost a vast amount of money.
Formal expression 'yogi naku sareru'.
その製品は修理のしやすさを考慮して設計されている。
The product is designed with ease of repair in mind.
Compound noun 'shuuri no shiyasusa'.
インフラの修理が滞ると、市民生活に支障をきたす。
If infrastructure repairs are delayed, it causes obstacles to citizens' lives.
Formal verb 'todokooru' and 'shishou o kitasu'.
修理の見通しが立たず、工場の稼働が停止している。
With no prospect of repair, the factory's operation has stopped.
Expression 'mitoushi ga tatanai'.
古書の修理には、細心の注意を払わなければならない。
When repairing old books, one must pay meticulous attention.
Expression 'saishin no chuui o harau'.
修理のプロセスを動画で記録し、後で確認する。
Record the repair process with video and check it later.
Formal noun 'kiroku' (record).
不適切な修理が原因で、事故が発生した恐れがある。
There is a fear that the accident occurred due to improper repairs.
Expression 'osore ga aru' (fear/risk that).
修理の範疇を超えており、もはや再生は不可能だ。
It exceeds the scope of repair and is no longer capable of being restored.
Formal noun 'hanchuu' (category/scope).
精密機器の修理においては、微細な塵さえも許されない。
In the repair of precision instruments, even microscopic dust is not permitted.
Formal structure 'ni oite wa'.
彼は修理という行為を通じて、物の魂と対話しているようだ。
Through the act of repair, he seems to be in dialogue with the soul of the object.
Philosophical usage of 'tsuujite'.
修理契約の免責事項を詳細に検討する必要がある。
It is necessary to examine the disclaimer clauses of the repair contract in detail.
Legal terminology 'menseki jikou'.
劣化した配管の修理は、都市の安全性を維持する上で不可欠だ。
Repairing degraded piping is essential for maintaining the safety of the city.
Formal structure 'ue de' (in terms of/for).
修理に付随するリスクを最小限に抑えるための策を講じる。
Take measures to minimize the risks associated with the repair.
Formal expression 'saku o koujiru'.
この時計の修理は、熟練の職人でなければ成し遂げられない。
The repair of this watch cannot be accomplished except by a highly skilled craftsman.
Grammar 'de nakereba... nai' (unless... cannot).
修理の是非を巡って、委員会で激しい議論が交わされた。
Fierce arguments were exchanged in the committee over the pros and cons of the repair.
Formal structure 'megutte' (concerning).
المرادفات
الأضداد
تلازمات شائعة
العبارات الشائعة
— Currently under repair. Often seen on signs for escalators or toilets.
このトイレは修理中です。
— Beyond repair. Used when an item cannot be fixed.
このカメラは修理不能と言われました。
— Repair history. Important for buying used cars or electronics.
修理履歴を確認してください。
— Repair estimate. The predicted cost of a fix.
修理見積もりをお願いします。
— Repair kit. A set of tools for a specific fix.
パンク修理キットを買う。
— Repair professional/company. A person who fixes things for a living.
信頼できる修理業者を探す。
— The part that needs repair. The specific location of damage.
修理箇所を特定する。
— Already repaired. Indicates the work is finished.
修理済みの製品を受け取る。
— Repair warranty. A guarantee on the repair work done.
修理保証は三ヶ月です。
— Waiting for repair. A queue of items to be fixed.
修理待ちの車が並んでいる。
تعبيرات اصطلاحية
— No room for repair. Used when something is completely ruined.
この計画は修理の余地がない。
Metaphorical— Patchwork repair. A temporary or messy fix.
つぎはぎの修理では長持ちしない。
Informal— To repair and continue using. Reflects the Mottainai spirit.
古いものを修理して使うのが好きだ。
Cultural— Sent for repair and never heard back/long time passed.
時計を修理に出したきり、連絡がない。
Casual— To cut corners on a repair. Doing a lazy job.
修理の手を抜くと危ない。
Negative— To be overwhelmed with repairs. Having too many things to fix.
台風の後、修理に追われた。
Common— To have a prospect of completing the repair.
ようやく修理の目途が立った。
Formal— To attempt a repair. Trying to fix it yourself.
自分で修理を試みたが、ダメだった。
Neutral— To improve one's repair skills.
彼は修理の腕を磨いている。
Positive— Repairs cannot keep up. Damage happening faster than fixing.
老朽化で修理が追いつかない。
Formalعائلة الكلمة
الأسماء
الأفعال
الصفات
مرتبط
احفظها
وسيلة تذكّر
Imagine a 'SHOE' (Shuu) that is 'REALLY' (Ri) broken. You need to 'SHUURI' it to walk again.
ربط بصري
Picture a mechanic with a wrench (suru) standing over a complex machine with a blueprint (ri) of its 'repair' (shuu).
Word Web
تحدٍّ
Try to find three items in your house that need 'shuuri' and say their names in Japanese followed by 'o shuuri suru'.
أصل الكلمة
Derived from Middle Chinese. 'Shuu' (修) originally meant to decorate or mend, and 'Ri' (理) meant to polish jade or arrange according to logic.
المعنى الأصلي: To arrange or mend according to the proper principles of an object.
Sino-Japanese (Kango).السياق الثقافي
Always use 'shuuri' for objects. Using it for people's bodies or feelings can range from sounding weird to being accidentally offensive/dehumanizing.
In the West, 'repair' often feels like a chore, whereas in Japan, it's often viewed as a respectful act toward the object's 'kami' or spirit.
تدرّب في الحياة الواقعية
سياقات واقعية
Car Problems
- エンジンを修理する
- ブレーキを修理する
- 修理代の見積もり
- 修理に一週間かかる
Tech Support
- スマホを修理に出す
- 画面を修理する
- 修理センター
- データを消さずに修理する
Home Maintenance
- 屋根を修理する
- 水道を修理する
- 修理業者を呼ぶ
- 自分で修理してみる
Watch/Jewelry
- 電池交換と修理
- 古い時計を修理する
- 修理の技術
- 修理の保証書
Clothing/Shoes
- 靴の底を修理する
- カバンを修理する
- 修理して長く使う
- 修理専門店
بدايات محادثة
"最近、何かを修理しましたか? (Have you repaired anything recently?)"
"この壊れたスマホ、修理したほうがいいかな? (Should I repair this broken smartphone?)"
"近くに良い自転車の修理屋さんはありますか? (Is there a good bicycle repair shop nearby?)"
"修理代にいくらくらいかかりましたか? (About how much did the repair cost?)"
"自分で修理するのが好きですか? (Do you like repairing things yourself?)"
Summary
Use '修理する' when you are talking about fixing a physical mechanism like a car, watch, or computer. Example: 'パソコンを修理する' (To repair a computer). Avoid using it for social mistakes or health issues.
- 修理する (Shuuri suru) means 'to repair' or 'to fix' mechanical and physical objects.
- It is a formal 'suru-verb' primarily used for machines, electronics, and buildings.
- Unlike 'naosu', it is rarely used for abstract mistakes or healing illnesses.
- Commonly seen in contexts like car shops, tech support, and home maintenance.
محتوى ذو صلة
مزيد من كلمات daily_life
もう少し
B1قليلا أكثر. (يرجى الانتظار قليلا أكثر. - もう少し待ってください。)
じゅうしょ
A2تفاصيل المكان الذي يعيش فيه شخص ما.
住所
A2عنوان، محل الإقامة. المكان الذي يعيش فيه الشخص.
~後
A2after
目覚まし
B1منبه. ساعة تصدر صوتاً لإيقاظ شخص ما.
目覚まし時計
B1ساعة المنبه هي جهاز يستخدم لإيقاظ الناس في وقت محدد.
ひとりで
A2Alone.
~のに
B1على الرغم من؛ بالرغم من. تُستخدم للتعبير عن خيبة الأمل أو المفاجأة عندما تكون النتيجة غير متوقعة.
ごぜん
A2كلمة 'جوزين' تعني الصباح أو قبل الظهر باليابانية.
煩い
B1صوت التلفزيون مزعج (urusai).