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B2 adjective #4,500 الأكثر شيوعاً 6 دقيقة للقراءة

고무적이다

gomujeogida الأكثر شيوعاً #4,500

تدرّب عليها أمثلة ملاحظات ونصائح 고무적이다 في 30 ثانية

الشرح 고무적이다 in your Level:

At the A1 level, '고무적이다' is a very difficult word because it is formal and abstract. Beginners usually learn words like '좋다' (good) or '기쁘다' (happy) first. However, you can think of '고무적이다' as a special way to say 'This is very good news that makes me want to try harder.' It comes from the idea of beating a drum to make people dance or feel brave. You might not use this word yourself, but if you see it in a simple news headline, remember it means 'Good and hopeful.' For example, if you get a 100 on a test, your teacher might say it's '고무적,' meaning you are doing great and should keep going. It's like a big thumbs up from a boss or a teacher.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

At the A2 level, you are starting to learn more descriptive words. '고무적이다' is an adjective that means 'encouraging.' You use it when you see something that gives you hope. For example, 'The weather is getting better' isn't usually '고무적,' but 'My Korean speaking is getting better' is '고무적' because it encourages you to study more. It is used for situations, not really for people's personalities. You will mostly see this word in reading passages about business or school. A simple way to remember it is: 'Gomu' sounds like 'Go!'—it's news that makes you want to 'Go' further. It's more formal than '좋아요' (it's good).

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

At the B1 level, you should recognize '고무적이다' in intermediate texts and news. It is defined as 'giving hope or courage.' Unlike '기쁘다' (to be glad), which describes your internal emotion, '고무적이다' describes an external situation that *causes* a positive outlook. For instance, if a company's sales increase, that is a '고무적인 결과' (encouraging result). You should start noticing the suffix '-적' which often turns nouns into adjectives. Here, '고무' (encouragement/stimulation) becomes '고무적' (encouraging). It's a key word for discussing trends, progress, and results in a polite or professional manner.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

At the B2 level, you are expected to use '고무적이다' in your own writing and formal speaking. This word is essential for the TOPIK II exam, especially in the writing section when analyzing graphs or social trends. It implies that a development is not just positive, but also serves as an incentive or inspiration for future success. You should be able to distinguish it from '긍정적이다' (positive) and '낙관적이다' (optimistic). While '긍정적' is a general positive state, '고무적' specifically highlights the *motivational* aspect of a piece of news or a result. It is frequently used with nouns like '성과' (achievement), '현상' (phenomenon), and '신호' (signal).

At the C1 level, you should understand the deep etymological roots of '고무적이다' (鼓舞 - drum and dance) and use it to add sophistication to your discourse. It is an excellent word for academic papers, editorials, and high-level business negotiations. You can use it to describe the 'heartening' nature of a social movement or a scientific breakthrough. At this level, you should also be familiar with the verb form '고무하다' (to inspire/stimulate) and the passive '고무되다' (to be inspired). You can use it in complex sentences like, 'The government's new policy has had an encouraging effect on the local economy,' or 'The athlete was inspired (고무되었다) by the cheering crowd.'

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

At the C2 level, you possess a native-like grasp of '고무적이다.' You understand its rhythmic placement in a sentence to provide emphasis in a speech or a formal essay. You can use it subtly to imply that while a situation is not yet perfect, the current signs are promising enough to warrant continued investment or effort. You can also recognize its use in classical literature or high-brow journalism where it might be used metaphorically. You are aware of its collocations with words like '비약적인' (leaping/rapid) or '전례 없는' (unprecedented) to describe truly remarkable and heartening developments. Your usage reflects an understanding of the word's ability to convey both objective observation and a sense of collective hope.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

تدرّب عليها أمثلة ملاحظات ونصائح

고무적이다 في 30 ثانية

Used to describe encouraging or heartening news and results.
Rooted in the idea of beating a drum to inspire others.
Most common in formal contexts like business, news, and academia.
Functions as a predicate (고무적이다) or an adjective (고무적인).

The Korean adjective 고무적이다 (Gomujeok-ida) is a sophisticated term primarily used to describe situations, news, or results that are deeply encouraging, heartening, or inspiring. While English speakers might simply say something is 'good news' or 'hopeful,' 고무적이다 carries a specific nuance of providing a psychological boost or a 'spark' that motivates further action or optimism. It is derived from the Hanja roots 鼓 (고 - drum) and 舞 (무 - dance), which literally translates to 'beating a drum and dancing.' Historically, this referred to the act of stimulating morale, much like how drums were used in ancient warfare to inspire soldiers to march forward with courage.

Core Nuance: It isn't just about being happy; it is about a sign or a development that suggests a brighter future or validates hard work. It is frequently found in news headlines, business reports, and academic discussions.

신약 개발의 임상 시험 결과가 매우 고무적이다.
(The clinical trial results for the new drug development are very encouraging.)

In modern Korean society, you will hear this word when people discuss economic recovery, environmental improvements, or personal milestones that indicate a positive trend. For instance, if a student who has been struggling with mathematics suddenly receives a high score on a mock exam, a teacher might describe this progress as 고무적. It implies that this single success will likely lead to more effort and better results in the future. It is a word of 'momentum.'

Etymological Insight: The 'Gomu' (鼓舞) part is the same 'Gomu' used in the verb 'Gomu-hada' (to inspire/encourage). The suffix '-jeok' (적) turns it into an adjective meaning 'characteristic of' or 'related to,' and 'ida' is the copula 'to be.'

한국 영화가 세계 시장에서 거둔 성과는 참으로 고무적인 일입니다.
(The achievements of Korean films in the global market are truly heartening.)

Using 고무적이다 correctly requires understanding its role as a descriptive adjective. It typically modifies a noun or acts as the predicate of a sentence. Because it is a 'ha-da' adjective (though ending in 'jeok-ida'), it follows standard conjugation patterns. In formal writing, you will often see it as 고무적이다 or 고무적입니다. In slightly less formal but still polite settings, it becomes 고무적이에요.

Sentence Structure 1: Noun + 이/가 + 고무적이다: This is the most common way to state that a specific situation is encouraging. 'The [Situation] is encouraging.'

수출 실적이 작년보다 늘어난 것은 매우 고무적입니다.
(It is very encouraging that export performance has increased compared to last year.)

Another common usage is the attributive form, 고무적인 (Gomujeok-in), which precedes a noun to describe it. Common nouns that follow 고무적인 include 현상 (phenomenon), 성과 (result/achievement), 변화 (change), and 신호 (signal/sign).

이번 합의는 평화를 향한 고무적인 신호로 받아들여지고 있습니다.
(This agreement is being accepted as an encouraging sign toward peace.)

You can also use adverbs like 상당히 (considerably), 매우 (very), or 참으로 (truly) to amplify the degree of encouragement. It is rarely used in the negative form (고무적이지 않다) because people usually just use a different word like 'disappointing' (실망스럽다) or 'concerning' (우려스럽다), but it is grammatically possible.

청년 실업률이 낮아지고 있다는 소식은 참으로 고무적이다.
(The news that the youth unemployment rate is decreasing is truly heartening.)

To truly master 고무적이다, you must observe its environment. It thrives in professional, intellectual, and journalistic ecosystems. If you watch the 9 PM news on KBS or MBC, you will inevitably hear a news anchor or a reporter use this word when discussing positive data trends. It is a favorite among economists, politicians, and scientists because it sounds objective yet positive.

The Business Meeting: Imagine a quarterly review where a team lead says: 'Our customer retention rate is up by 15%. This is a 고무적인 result.' Here, it signals to the team that they are on the right track and should continue their current strategy.

신규 가입자 수가 급증한 것은 우리에게 매우 고무적인 일입니다.
(The rapid increase in the number of new subscribers is very encouraging for us.)

In academic settings, a professor might comment on a student's thesis proposal by saying, 'The direction of your research is 고무적.' This is high praise, suggesting the research has potential and is worth pursuing. In sports, after a team that has been on a losing streak finally plays a close game or wins, the commentator might say, 'The team's performance today was 고무적,' meaning there is hope for the rest of the season.

패배했지만 경기 내용은 상당히 고무적이었다.
(Even though they lost, the content of the game was quite encouraging.)

One of the most common mistakes learners make with 고무적이다 is using it to describe a person's personality or a temporary feeling of happiness. You cannot say 'I am gomu-jeok' (나는 고무적이다) to mean 'I am feeling encouraged.' Instead, you should say 'I feel encouraged' using the verb form 고무되다 (to be encouraged/inspired) or 힘을 얻다 (to gain strength).

Mistake: Describing People: Incorrect: 그는 매우 고무적인 사람이다 (He is a very encouraging person - meaning he encourages others).
Better: 그는 남을 잘 격려하는 사람이다 (He is someone who encourages others well).

Another error is confusing 고무적이다 with 긍정적이다 (positive). While they are related, 긍정적이다 is broader. You can have a 'positive attitude' (긍정적인 태도), but you wouldn't usually say an 'encouraging attitude' (고무적인 태도) unless that attitude itself is a sign of progress in a specific situation. 고무적이다 almost always refers to an external event, data point, or development that gives hope.

Wrong: 어제 날씨가 고무적이었다.
(The weather yesterday was encouraging - Incorrect unless the weather was a sign for a specific mission.)

Lastly, remember the formality. Using 고무적이다 while talking about something trivial, like finding a 10-won coin on the street, might sound overly dramatic or sarcastic. Reserve it for things that truly carry weight or significance in a broader context.

To expand your vocabulary, it is helpful to compare 고무적이다 with its synonyms. Each has a slightly different shade of meaning.

희망적이다 (Hopeful): This is the closest synonym. However, 희망적이다 focuses on the feeling of hope itself, while 고무적이다 focuses on the fact that the situation is actively boosting morale or driving progress.
낙관적이다 (Optimistic): This describes a viewpoint or an outlook. You can have an 'optimistic outlook' (낙관적인 전망). 고무적이다 is usually about the evidence that justifies such an outlook.
유망하다 (Promising): This is often used for people or industries with high potential. 'A promising youth' (유망한 청년). 고무적이다 is less about the person and more about the specific news or development.

그의 회복 속도는 매우 고무적이다.
(His recovery speed is very encouraging.)

If you want to use a more casual expression, you can say 힘이 되다 (to be a source of strength) or 기운이 나다 (to feel energized). For example, 'Your words are encouraging' would be '당신의 말이 제게 큰 힘이 돼요' rather than '당신의 말이 고무적이에요,' which sounds like a quote from a newspaper.

How Formal Is It?

حقيقة ممتعة

In ancient times, drums were the main instrument used to signal movements and maintain rhythm in battle. Beating the drum was synonymous with ordering an advance and boosting courage.

دليل النطق

UK /ko.mu.dʑʌk.i.da/

US /ko.mu.dʒʌk.i.da/

The stress is even, but the 'jeok' syllable is often slightly emphasized in formal speech.

يتقافى مع

가정적이다 (Gajeong-jeok-ida) 열정적이다 (Yeoljeong-jeok-ida) 긍정적이다 (Geungjeong-jeok-ida) 낙천적이다 (Nakcheon-jeok-ida) 창의적이다 (Chang-ui-jeok-ida) 민주적이다 (Minju-jeok-ida) 세계적이다 (Segye-jeok-ida) 현대적이다 (Hyeondae-jeok-ida)

أخطاء شائعة

Pronouncing 'Gomu' like the English 'Go-moo' (rhyming with cow). It should be a short 'o' and 'u'.
Confusing the 'jeok' (적) with 'juk' (죽).
Linking 'ida' too slowly; it should flow naturally as one word.

مستوى الصعوبة

القراءة 4/5

Common in newspapers and reports, requiring B2 level vocabulary.

الكتابة 5/5

Requires understanding of formal adjective usage and Hanja roots.

التحدث 4/5

Used in professional presentations or formal discussions.

الاستماع 4/5

Frequently heard in news and documentaries.

ماذا تتعلّم بعد ذلك

المتطلبات الأساسية

좋다 희망 소식 결과 기쁘다

تعلّم لاحقاً

고무하다 진취적이다 낙관적이다 비약적이다

متقدم

고무진작 사기충천 일신우일신

قواعد يجب معرفتها

Noun + 적 (Suffix for making adjectives)

경제적, 사회적, 고무적

-는 것 (Gerund phrase as subject)

성공하는 것은 고무적이다.

-게 되다 (Becoming state)

상황이 고무적으로 변하게 되었다.

-습니다 (Formal polite ending)

결과가 고무적입니다.

-ㄴ/은 (Adjective modifying noun)

고무적인 소식

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

أمثلة حسب المستوى

결과가 고무적이에요.

The result is encouraging.

Simple adjective use with the polite ending -에요.

고무적인 소식입니다.

It is encouraging news.

Attributive form 고무적인 modifying the noun 소식.

정말 고무적이다!

It's really encouraging!

Plain form used in an exclamation.

한국어 공부가 고무적이에요.

Studying Korean is encouraging.

Subject + 이/가 + 고무적이에요.

이것은 고무적인 일입니다.

This is an encouraging thing.

Topic marker + 고무적인 + noun.

상황이 고무적입니다.

The situation is encouraging.

Formal ending -습니다.

고무적인 변화예요.

It's an encouraging change.

Noun + -예요.

그 소식은 고무적이었어요.

That news was encouraging.

Past tense -었어-.

매출이 늘어난 것은 고무적인 일이다.

It is an encouraging thing that sales have increased.

Noun phrase (-는 것) used as a subject.

그의 발전은 참으로 고무적입니다.

His progress is truly encouraging.

Adverb 참으로 (truly) adding emphasis.

고무적인 결과를 얻었습니다.

We obtained an encouraging result.

Object form 고무적인 결과 + 를.

이번 시험 점수는 고무적이에요.

This exam score is encouraging.

Topic marker -는.

고무적인 신호가 보입니다.

An encouraging signal is seen.

Passive verb 보이다 (to be seen).

환자의 상태가 고무적입니다.

The patient's condition is encouraging.

Possessive -의.

이 프로젝트는 고무적인 시작을 했습니다.

This project has had an encouraging start.

Subject + Object + Verb.

그녀의 태도는 매우 고무적이었다.

Her attitude was very encouraging.

Past tense plain form.

정부의 새로운 정책은 고무적인 반응을 얻고 있다.

The government's new policy is receiving an encouraging response.

Present progressive -고 있다.

환경 보호 활동이 늘어나는 것은 고무적이다.

It is encouraging that environmental protection activities are increasing.

Gerund construction -는 것.

그 팀의 최근 성적은 상당히 고무적입니다.

That team's recent performance is quite encouraging.

Adverb 상당히 (considerably).

우리는 고무적인 소식을 기다리고 있습니다.

We are waiting for encouraging news.

Direct object with -를.

이 연구 결과는 과학계에 고무적인 소식이다.

This research result is encouraging news for the scientific community.

Dative marker -에 (to/for).

그의 열정은 동료들에게 고무적이었다.

His passion was encouraging to his colleagues.

Dative marker -에게 (to).

수출 시장의 회복세가 고무적입니다.

The recovery trend of the export market is encouraging.

Noun + -의 + Noun.

고무적인 성과를 거두기 위해 노력합시다.

Let's work hard to achieve encouraging results.

Purpose clause -기 위해.

청년 실업률의 하락은 사회적으로 매우 고무적인 현상이다.

The decline in youth unemployment is a very encouraging social phenomenon.

Adverbial suffix -적으로 (socially).

신약의 임상 시험 결과가 상당히 고무적으로 나타났다.

The clinical trial results for the new drug appeared quite encouragingly.

Adverbial form 고무적으로.

이번 회담에서 고무적인 진전이 있었다고 합니다.

It is said that there was encouraging progress in this meeting.

Indirect quotation -고 합니다.

전통 시장이 다시 활기를 띠는 것은 고무적인 일이다.

It is encouraging that traditional markets are becoming lively again.

Idiom 활기를 띠다 (to become lively).

해외 시장에서의 긍정적인 평가는 우리에게 고무적이다.

Positive reviews in overseas markets are encouraging for us.

Locative marker -에서의.

그의 제안은 문제 해결을 위한 고무적인 실마리가 되었다.

His proposal became an encouraging clue for solving the problem.

Noun 실마리 (clue/lead).

예상보다 높은 경제 성장률은 고무적인 지표입니다.

A higher-than-expected economic growth rate is an encouraging indicator.

Comparison -보다 (than).

우리는 이번 실패를 고무적인 교훈으로 삼아야 합니다.

We must treat this failure as an encouraging lesson.

Grammar pattern -로 삼다 (to treat/regard as).

다양한 문화적 배경을 가진 인재들의 유입은 고무적인 현상이다.

The influx of talented people with diverse cultural backgrounds is an encouraging phenomenon.

Complex noun phrase with relative clause.

시민들의 자발적인 참여가 늘고 있다는 점은 매우 고무적이다.

The fact that voluntary participation of citizens is increasing is very encouraging.

Noun phrase ending in -점 (point/fact).

이번 판결은 인권 신장을 위한 고무적인 발걸음으로 평가받는다.

This ruling is evaluated as an encouraging step toward the enhancement of human rights.

Passive construction 평가받다 (to be evaluated).

기술 혁신이 가속화되는 가운데 고무적인 성과들이 잇따르고 있다.

Amidst accelerating technological innovation, encouraging achievements are following one after another.

Intermediate connector -는 가운데 (amidst).

어려운 경제 여건 속에서도 고용이 유지된 것은 고무적입니다.

It is encouraging that employment was maintained despite difficult economic conditions.

Concessive phrase -어도 (even if/despite).

예술계의 새로운 시도들이 대중의 고무적인 반응을 이끌어냈다.

New attempts in the art world drew an encouraging response from the public.

Verb 이끌어내다 (to draw out/elicit).

남북 관계의 긴장 완화를 위한 고무적인 조짐이 보이기 시작했다.

Encouraging signs for the easing of tensions in inter-Korean relations have begun to appear.

Noun 조짐 (sign/omen).

그의 헌신적인 노력이 고무적인 결실을 맺게 되어 기쁩니다.

I am glad that his dedicated efforts have come to an encouraging fruition.

Idiom 결실을 맺다 (to bear fruit).

이번 지표의 반등은 경기 회복의 고무적인 전조로 해석될 수 있다.

The rebound in this indicator can be interpreted as an encouraging omen of economic recovery.

Passive potential -될 수 있다 (can be ...ed).

민주주의 가치를 수호하려는 시민들의 열망은 참으로 고무적이다.

The citizens' desire to protect democratic values is truly heartening.

Intentional relative clause -려는.

학계는 이번 발견을 암 치료의 고무적인 돌파구로 보고 있습니다.

The academic community views this discovery as an encouraging breakthrough in cancer treatment.

Noun 돌파구 (breakthrough).

저출산 문제 해결을 위한 지역 사회의 고무적인 사례들이 공유되었다.

Encouraging examples from local communities to solve the low birth rate problem were shared.

Passive verb 공유되다 (to be shared).

전통과 현대의 조화를 꾀하는 고무적인 시도들이 늘고 있다.

Encouraging attempts to seek harmony between tradition and modernity are increasing.

Verb 꾀하다 (to aim for/seek).

그의 연설은 좌절에 빠진 이들에게 고무적인 메시지를 전달했다.

His speech delivered an encouraging message to those in despair.

Dative -에게.

기후 위기 대응을 위한 국제적인 공조가 고무적인 단계에 접어들었다.

International cooperation for responding to the climate crisis has entered an encouraging stage.

Idiom 단계에 접어들다 (to enter a stage).

실패를 두려워하지 않는 도전 정신은 우리 사회의 고무적인 동력이다.

A challenging spirit that is not afraid of failure is an encouraging driving force of our society.

Noun 동력 (driving force/power).

المرادفات

희망적이다 긍정적이다 힘이 되다 장려할 만하다

الأضداد

절망적이다 낙담시키다

تلازمات شائعة

고무적인 성과

고무적인 현상

고무적인 소식

고무적인 신호

매우 고무적이다

상당히 고무적이다

고무적인 지표

고무적인 변화

고무적인 진전

고무적인 결과

العبارات الشائعة

고무적인 일

— An encouraging thing/matter.

그가 다시 시작한 것은 고무적인 일이다.

고무적으로 받아들이다

— To accept or interpret something as encouraging.

시장은 이 소식을 고무적으로 받아들였다.

고무적인 반응을 보이다

— To show an encouraging response.

관객들은 고무적인 반응을 보였다.

고무적인 분위기

— An encouraging atmosphere.

회의실은 고무적인 분위기였다.

고무적인 시작

— An encouraging start.

새해를 고무적인 시작으로 맞이했다.

고무적인 태도

— An encouraging attitude (rare but used for progress).

그의 고무적인 태도가 변화를 만들었다.

고무적인 단계

— An encouraging stage/phase.

사업이 고무적인 단계에 들어섰다.

고무적인 전조

— An encouraging omen/sign.

비가 내리는 것은 농사에 고무적인 전조다.

고무적인 결실

— An encouraging fruition/result.

노력이 고무적인 결실을 맺었다.

고무적인 사례

— An encouraging example/case.

이것은 성공의 고무적인 사례다.

يُخلط عادةً مع

고무적이다 vs 고무 (Rubber)

Homonym. One is 'rubber,' the other is 'encouragement.' Context clarifies.

고무적이다 vs 긍정적 (Positive)

General positivity vs. specific motivational encouragement.

고무적이다 vs 행복 (Happiness)

Internal emotion vs. external encouraging situation.

تعبيرات اصطلاحية

"고무 풍선처럼 부풀다"

— To swell like a rubber balloon (Note: Uses 'Gomu' as rubber, not encouragement, often confused).

기대감이 고무 풍선처럼 부풀었다.

Metaphorical

"사기를 고무하다"

— To boost/inspire morale.

장군은 병사들의 사기를 고무했다.

Formal

"북을 치고 춤을 추다"

— Literal meaning of Gomu (鼓舞), used to describe extreme celebration or encouragement.

마을 사람들이 북을 치고 춤을 추며 환영했다.

Literal/Historical

"찬물을 끼얹다"

— To throw cold water (Antonym in sense: to discourage).

고무적인 분위기에 찬물을 끼얹지 마세요.

Idiomatic

"불을 지피다"

— To ignite/spark (Similar in sense: to stimulate interest).

그의 연설이 변화의 불을 지폈다.

Metaphorical

"날개를 달다"

— To give wings (To provide a huge boost).

고무적인 소식에 주가가 날개를 달았다.

Idiomatic

"천군만마를 얻다"

— To gain a thousand soldiers and ten thousand horses (To get a huge encouraging support).

그의 합류는 우리에게 천군만마를 얻은 것처럼 고무적이다.

Idiomatic

"마중물을 붓다"

— To pour priming water (To start an encouraging process).

이번 투자가 고무적인 변화의 마중물이 되길 바란다.

Idiomatic

"단비가 내리다"

— Sweet rain falls (Much needed encouraging news).

오랜 가뭄 끝에 고무적인 소식은 단비와 같았다.

Idiomatic

"발판을 마련하다"

— To prepare a stepping stone (An encouraging foundation).

이번 성공은 고무적인 발판이 될 것이다.

Idiomatic

سهل الخلط

고무적이다 vs 고무하다

Verb form vs. Adjective form.

고무하다 is to actively inspire; 고무적이다 is to be inspiring/encouraging as a quality.

그의 연설은 청중을 고무했다. vs. 그의 연설은 고무적이었다.

고무적이다 vs 격려하다

Both mean encourage.

격려하다 is personal support (words of comfort); 고무적이다 is situational encouragement (signs of success).

선생님이 나를 격려했다. vs. 시험 결과가 고무적이다.

고무적이다 vs 낙관적

Both look to the future.

낙관적 is an attitude/outlook; 고무적 is the evidence/sign that provides hope.

그는 낙관적인 사람이다. vs. 상황이 고무적이다.

고무적이다 vs 유망하다

Both mean promising.

유망하다 is about potential of a person/field; 고무적이다 is about a specific news/result.

유망한 신인 선수. vs. 그의 데뷔전은 고무적이었다.

고무적이다 vs 희망적

Both mean hopeful.

희망적 is the feeling of hope; 고무적 is the stimulation/incentive provided by a development.

내일은 희망적이다. vs. 오늘의 성과는 고무적이다.

أنماط الجُمل

N + 이/가 + 고무적이에요.

점수가 고무적이에요.

고무적인 + N + 입니다.

고무적인 결과입니다.

V-는 것은 고무적이다.

이기는 것은 고무적이다.

N + 의 + N + 은/는 매우 고무적이다.

회사의 성장은 매우 고무적이다.

고무적인 N(을/를) 거두다/얻다.

고무적인 성과를 거두다.

N + 은/는 + N + 의 고무적인 조짐이다.

이것은 성공의 고무적인 조짐이다.

N + 을/를 고무적으로 평가하다.

전문가들은 이를 고무적으로 평가한다.

N + 에 접어들면서 고무적인 양상을 띠다.

후반기에 접어들면서 고무적인 양상을 띠고 있다.

عائلة الكلمة

الأسماء

고무 Encouragement, stimulation, or rubber (homonym).

고무적 The state of being encouraging.

الأفعال

고무하다 To encourage, to inspire, to stimulate.

고무되다 To be encouraged, to be inspired.

الصفات

고무적이다 To be encouraging.

مرتبط

격려 (Encouragement)

자극 (Stimulus)

영감 (Inspiration)

동기부여 (Motivation)

활력 (Vitality)

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كيفية الاستخدام

frequency

Common in written media; moderate in daily spoken language.

أخطاء شائعة

나는 고무적이다. → 나는 고무되었다.
You cannot be an 'encouraging situation' yourself; you are 'inspired/encouraged' (passive).
고무적인 날씨 → 좋은 날씨 / 화창한 날씨
Weather isn't usually 'encouraging' unless it's a sign for a specific plan.
고무적인 지우개 → 고무 지우개
Confusing 'encouraging' with 'rubber.'
그는 고무적인 친구다. → 그는 격려를 잘 해주는 친구다.
고무적이다 is for situations/results, not personality traits.
매우 고무적이다를 기쁘다와 똑같이 쓰기 → Context dependent.
고무적이다 is formal and situational; 기쁘다 is personal and emotional.

نصائح

Use in Reports

When writing a business report, use '고무적인 성과' to highlight positive progress.

Suffix -적

Remember that '-적' often creates an adjective. Learning '고무' helps you understand '고무적,' '고무하다,' and '고무되다'.

Momentum

Think of '고무적' as something that adds momentum to a situation.

Sound Smart

Using this word in a formal setting immediately makes your Korean sound more advanced (B2+).

News Watching

Try to spot this word in the subtitles of Korean news clips on YouTube.

Graph Analysis

In TOPIK writing Task 53, if a graph shows a positive trend, describe it as '고무적'.

Drum and Dance

Visualizing a drum and dance ceremony helps you remember the 'inspiring' aspect.

Contrast

Contrast '고무적' with '우려스럽다' (concerning) to describe different parts of a report.

Common Pairs

Memorize '고무적인 소식' as a single chunk.

Adverb Form

Use '고무적으로' when you want to describe *how* something is being viewed or evaluated.

احفظها

وسيلة تذكّر

Think of 'GO-MU' as 'GO! MOVE!' Beating a drum makes you want to 'GO' and 'MOVE' (dance). It's encouraging!

ربط بصري

Imagine a drummer on a battlefield leading soldiers forward, or a cheerleader with a drum making the crowd go wild.

Word Web

Encouragement Drum Dance Hope Result News Business Progress

تحدٍّ

Try to find one '고무적인' thing that happened to you today and write it down in Korean.

أصل الكلمة

Derived from the Hanja characters 鼓 (고 - drum) and 舞 (무 - dance).

المعنى الأصلي: Literally 'beating the drum and dancing' to raise the spirits of soldiers or a crowd.

Sino-Korean (Hanja-based).

السياق الثقافي

There are no major sensitivities, but avoid using it for purely personal, emotional feelings like 'I am gomu-jeok' (I am encouraged), which is grammatically awkward.

The closest English equivalent is 'encouraging,' but 'heartening' or 'inspiring' often capture the formal weight better.

Often used in Korean presidential speeches during New Year addresses. Frequently seen in headlines regarding the 'Korean Wave' (Hallyu) success. Common in sports interviews after a rookie player performs well.

تدرّب في الحياة الواقعية

سياقات واقعية

Business/Economy

매출 증가는 고무적이다
경제 지표가 고무적이다
시장 반응이 고무적이다
고무적인 투자 결과

Science/Medicine

실험 결과가 고무적이다
환자의 회복이 고무적이다
고무적인 연구 성과
임상 시험의 고무적인 데이터

Education

학생들의 참여가 고무적이다
성적 향상이 고무적이다
고무적인 학습 태도
교육 정책의 고무적인 효과

Sports

팀의 경기력이 고무적이다
신인 선수의 활약이 고무적이다
고무적인 승리
패배 속에서도 고무적인 부분

Politics/Social Issues

협상의 진전이 고무적이다
시민 의식의 변화가 고무적이다
고무적인 정책 반응
평화 정착을 위한 고무적인 행보

بدايات محادثة

"이번 프로젝트 결과에 대해 어떻게 생각하세요? 고무적이라고 보시나요?"

"최근 한국 경제 뉴스 중에서 가장 고무적인 소식은 무엇이었나요?"

"환경 보호를 위한 시민들의 참여가 늘어나는 것은 참 고무적이지 않나요?"

"우리 팀의 이번 달 실적이 상당히 고무적인데, 다음 달 계획은 어떠한가요?"

"실패했지만 그 과정에서 고무적인 부분을 찾으셨나요?"

مواضيع للكتابة اليومية

오늘 나에게 일어난 일 중에서 가장 고무적인 사건 하나를 적어보세요.

내가 목표를 향해 나아갈 때 어떤 소식이 나에게 가장 고무적인가요?

최근에 읽은 뉴스 중에서 사회적으로 고무적이라고 생각되는 내용을 요약해 보세요.

누군가에게 고무적인 말을 해준 경험이 있나요? 그 결과는 어땠나요?

자신의 발전 과정에서 가장 고무적이었던 순간은 언제였나요?

الأسئلة الشائعة

10 أسئلة

It is better to use it for situations or results. To describe an encouraging person, use '남을 잘 격려하는 사람' or '긍정적인 사람'.

Yes, but it sounds a bit formal. In casual settings, you might say '힘이 난다' or '잘 됐다'.

Common opposites are '실망스럽다' (disappointing) or '우려스럽다' (concerning).

No, it also means rubber. You must check the context. '고무 지우개' is a rubber eraser.

Yes, it is a very common word in TOPIK II Reading and Writing sections (Levels 4-6).

It becomes '고무적이었다' (plain) or '고무적이었어요' (polite).

No, it is exclusively for positive developments that give hope.

소식 (news), 성과 (achievement), 결과 (result), 신호 (signal), 현상 (phenomenon).

고무적 is the noun/base form; 고무적인 is the form used before a noun (e.g., 고무적인 소식).

No, that would mean 'I am an encouraging situation.' Use '나는 고무되었다' (I was inspired/encouraged).

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