هذه الصفحة بلغتك
English فارسی Deutsch Español Français 日本語 한국어 Português 中文 हिन्दी
A2 adjective 11 دقيقة للقراءة

비일관적이다

biilgwanjeogida
أمثلة 비일관적이다 في 30 ثانية
الشرح 비일관적이다 in your Level:
At the A1 level, '비일관적이다' is a very difficult word because it's long and based on Chinese characters (Hanja). A1 learners usually focus on simple adjectives like '좋다' (good) or '크다' (big). However, you can think of this word as a fancy way to say 'changing.' If someone says 'yes' then 'no,' they are being inconsistent. For now, just remember that the '비' at the beginning means 'not,' and the '일' means 'one.' So, it's 'not one way.' It's better to use simpler phrases like '말이 바뀌어요' (The words change) at this stage, but if you see this word in a book, know it means something is not staying the same.
سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل
At the A2 level, you are starting to describe people's behavior and simple situations. '비일관적이다' is useful when you want to complain about something that isn't fair or predictable. For example, if a game's rules change every time you play, you can say the rules are '비일관적이에요.' You should practice the adjective form '비일관적인' (inconsistent + noun). For example, '비일관적인 태도' (inconsistent attitude). This helps you move beyond just saying 'bad' or 'strange.' It's a great word to use when you want to sound a bit more serious about a problem you've noticed.
At the B1 level, you can use '비일관적이다' to participate in discussions about society, work, or school. You should understand the difference between this word and '변덕스럽다' (fickle). Use '비일관적이다' when talking about a boss's instructions, a company's policy, or a logical argument. You can also start using the adverbial form '비일관적으로' to describe how someone is acting. For instance, '그는 비일관적으로 행동해서 믿을 수 없어요' (He acts inconsistently, so I can't trust him). This level is where you start using the word to explain *why* something is a problem.
سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل
At the B2 level, you should be comfortable using '비일관적이다' in formal writing and debates. You can use it to critique complex topics like government policy, scientific data, or literary themes. You should be able to conjugate it into various forms, such as '비일관적임에도 불구하고' (despite being inconsistent) or '비일관적이라고 간주되다' (to be considered inconsistent). At this level, you should also recognize the noun form '비일관성' (inconsistency) and use it as a subject in your sentences. You are expected to use this word to provide professional feedback or academic analysis.
سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل
At the C1 level, you use '비일관적이다' with nuance. You might use it to describe the 'internal inconsistency' of a philosophical theory or the 'systemic inconsistency' of a legal framework. You can distinguish between '비일관적' and '모순적' (contradictory) with precision. You might use the word in the context of 'cognitive dissonance' (인지적 비일관성). Your usage should reflect an understanding of the subtle social implications—how calling a leader '비일관적' is a specific type of critique regarding their integrity and logical stability. You can use it fluently in high-level business negotiations or academic lectures.
سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل
At the C2 level, '비일관적이다' is a tool for precise intellectual discourse. You use it to navigate the complexities of dialectics, where inconsistency might be a temporary state leading to a higher synthesis, or a fatal flaw in a structuralist analysis. You are familiar with its usage in specialized fields like statistics (inconsistent estimators) or formal logic. You can discuss the 'intentional inconsistency' in post-modern literature or art. Your mastery includes knowing when *not* to use it, opting for even more specific terms like '자가당착' (self-contradiction) or '표리부동' (being double-faced) when the situation calls for a four-character idiom (Saja-seong-eo).
سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل
أمثلة

비일관적이다 في 30 ثانية

  • Used to describe logic, behavior, or policies that lack a steady pattern or contradict themselves.
  • A formal word based on Hanja, often found in news, academic writing, and professional critiques.
  • Differs from 'fickle' (moods) or 'irregular' (rhythms) by focusing on structural or logical flaws.
  • Essential for expressing serious criticism about reliability and fairness in structured environments.

The Korean word 비일관적이다 (bi-ilgwan-jeog-ida) is a sophisticated adjective that translates most accurately to 'being inconsistent' or 'lacking consistency.' At its core, it describes a state where actions, words, policies, or behaviors do not align over time or across different situations. In Korean society, where social harmony and predictable behavior are often valued, being labeled as '비일관적' can carry a significant critical weight, suggesting a lack of reliability or logical grounding.

Etymological Breakdown
The word is composed of four Hanja characters: 非 (비 - not), 一 (일 - one), 貫 (관 - thread/pierce), and the suffix 的 (적 - nature of). Literally, it means 'not having the nature of one thread piercing through.' This visual metaphor perfectly captures the essence of inconsistency—like a thread that keeps breaking or changing direction instead of running straight through a piece of fabric.
Social Context
You will encounter this word frequently in formal settings, such as news reports, academic papers, and professional evaluations. For instance, if a politician changes their stance on a policy without a clear explanation, the media will describe their platform as '비일관적이다.' In a personal context, it might be used to describe a friend who is hot and cold, though '변덕스럽다' (capricious) is more common for personality traits, while '비일관적이다' implies a failure of logic or systematic behavior.

정부의 정책이 너무 비일관적이라서 국민들이 혼란스러워하고 있습니다. (The government's policies are so inconsistent that the citizens are feeling confused.)

Understanding the nuance of this word requires looking at its opposite: 일관적이다 (consistent). To be consistent is to have a 'single thread' of logic. Therefore, '비일관적' is used when that thread is missing. It is often applied to logical arguments, scientific data, or administrative procedures. If a teacher grades one student strictly and another leniently for the same mistake, their grading system is '비일관적이다.'

그의 진술은 비일관적이며 신뢰하기 어렵습니다. (His statement is inconsistent and difficult to trust.)

In terms of register, this is a 'high-level' word. While an A2 learner should know it to understand news or documents, using it in casual conversation might make you sound very formal or even slightly robotic. In a casual setting, Koreans might say '말이 앞뒤가 안 맞아' (your words don't match front to back) or '자꾸 말이 바뀌어' (your words keep changing). However, mastering '비일관적이다' allows you to express complex criticisms with precision and authority.

Logical Application
In logic and philosophy, '비일관적' refers to a set of propositions that cannot all be true at the same time. If you say 'I love all animals' but then say 'I hate dogs,' your stance is 비일관적이다. It highlights a structural flaw in reasoning rather than just a mood swing.

실험 데이터가 비일관적으로 나타나서 재시험이 필요합니다. (The experimental data appeared inconsistently, so a retest is necessary.)

Using 비일관적이다 effectively requires understanding its grammatical behavior as a descriptive verb (adjective) ending in '-이다'. Because it functions as a predicate, it must be conjugated based on the politeness level and the tense of the sentence. Let's explore the various ways to integrate this word into your Korean speech and writing.

Basic Conjugations
  • Present Formal: 비일관적입니다 (bi-ilgwan-jeog-imnida)
  • Present Polite: 비일관적이에요 (bi-ilgwan-jeog-ieyo)
  • Past Polite: 비일관적이었어요 (bi-ilgwan-jeog-ieosseoyo)
  • Connective: 비일관적이고 (bi-ilgwan-jeog-igo - inconsistent and...)

When modifying a noun, the form changes to 비일관적인. This is crucial for phrases like 'inconsistent behavior' or 'inconsistent attitude.' Notice how the '-이다' part drops and '-인' is added to the '적' suffix.

비일관적인 태도는 신뢰를 떨어뜨립니다. (An inconsistent attitude reduces trust.)

To use it as an adverb (inconsistently), you change it to 비일관적으로. This describes *how* an action is performed. For example, 'He acted inconsistently' would be '그는 비일관적으로 행동했다.'

시스템이 비일관적으로 작동하고 있어요. (The system is operating inconsistently.)

Subject Marking
The subjects of '비일관적이다' are usually abstract nouns like 태도 (attitude), 정책 (policy), 주장 (claim), or 결과 (result). It is less common to say 'He is inconsistent' (그는 비일관적이다) directly; instead, Koreans prefer to say 'His behavior is inconsistent' (그의 행동은 비일관적이다). This maintains a level of objective distance.

이 보고서는 논리가 비일관적이라는 비판을 받았습니다. (This report received criticism that its logic is inconsistent.)

In complex sentences, you might use the causative or the contrastive. For example, '비일관적이지만' (It is inconsistent but...) or '비일관적이기 때문에' (Because it is inconsistent...). These allow you to build sophisticated arguments in essays or debates, which is the primary domain for this word.

가격 정책이 비일관적이면 고객들은 떠납니다. (If the pricing policy is inconsistent, customers will leave.)

Finally, remember that '비일관적이다' is a stative verb. It describes a state of being. Therefore, it doesn't take the object marker '을/를'. Instead, use the subject markers '이/가' or the topic markers '은/는' for the entity that is being inconsistent.

While '비일관적이다' might seem like a word found only in textbooks, it is surprisingly prevalent in specific sectors of Korean life. Understanding these contexts will help you recognize the word when you hear it and use it appropriately. It is a 'utility word' for critique and analysis.

The World of News and Politics
Turn on any Korean news program like KBS, MBC, or JTBC, and you'll hear this word during political commentary. Anchors often use it to describe government flip-flopping. For example, if a tax law is announced and then retracted two days later, the headline will likely read '정부의 비일관적인 세제 개편안' (The government's inconsistent tax reform plan). In this context, it conveys a sense of administrative failure and lack of foresight.
Academic and Scientific Research
If you are a student in Korea or reading research papers, '비일관적이다' is essential. It is used to describe data sets that don't follow a pattern or results that contradict previous findings. Scientists might say '데이터가 비일관적으로 도출되었습니다' (The data was derived inconsistently), meaning the experiment might have flaws or external variables were not controlled.

뉴스 리포터: "이번 대책은 지난번과 비교해 매우 비일관적입니다." (News Reporter: "This measure is very inconsistent compared to the last one.")

In the corporate world, this word appears during performance reviews and strategy meetings. A manager might critique a project by saying the branding is '비일관적이다', meaning the colors, fonts, and message are all over the place. In Korean 'Gapjil' (abuse of power) discussions, an 'inconsistent' boss is a common archetype—someone who changes orders based on their mood, leading to a toxic workplace.

상사: "자네의 업무 방식은 너무 비일관적이야. 기준을 좀 세워봐." (Boss: "Your way of working is too inconsistent. Try to establish some standards.")

Lastly, you might hear this in sports commentary. When a player performs brilliantly one game and poorly the next, the commentator might describe their performance as '비일관적인 경기력' (inconsistent performance ability). It's a professional way of saying someone is 'hit or miss'.

Educational Feedback
Teachers use this word when grading essays. If a student starts with one argument but ends with another, the feedback will often read '논지가 비일관적임' (The point is inconsistent). This helps students learn the importance of logical flow in Korean writing.

해설자: "이 선수는 재능은 있지만, 성적이 너무 비일관적이라는 단점이 있습니다." (Commentator: "This player has talent, but has the drawback of having very inconsistent results.")

While '비일관적이다' is a powerful word, learners often make specific errors in its usage, either by confusing it with similar words or by applying it in the wrong register. Let's break down these common pitfalls to ensure your Korean sounds natural and precise.

Mistake 1: Confusing with '변덕스럽다' (Capricious)
This is the most frequent error. '변덕스럽다' is used for people's moods, the weather, or personal tastes. It has an emotional or whimsical connotation. '비일관적이다' is for logic, systems, and behavior that should follow a rule. Wrong: 날씨가 비일관적이다. (The weather is inconsistent - sounds like a scientific report). Natural: 날씨가 변덕스럽다. (The weather is fickle/capricious).
Mistake 2: Confusing with '불규칙하다' (Irregular)
'불규칙하다' refers to a lack of a regular pattern in time or space, like an irregular heartbeat or irregular plural verbs. '비일관적이다' refers to a lack of internal logic or a contradiction in stance. If a train arrives at different times, it's '불규칙하다.' If a train conductor says 'masks are required' then 'masks are optional' without a reason, their policy is '비일관적이다.'

비교:
1. 맥박이 불규칙해요. (Pulse is irregular - correct).
2. 맥박이 비일관적이에요. (Pulse is inconsistent - sounds like the pulse has a logic problem).

Another mistake is the over-reliance on this word in casual conversation. As mentioned before, '비일관적이다' is quite formal. Using it with your younger siblings or close friends might make you sound like you're reading a legal brief. In those cases, use phrases like '말이 바뀌다' (words change) or '앞뒤가 다르다' (front and back are different).

틀린 표현: 그녀는 비일관적하게 행동해요. (Incorrect)
맞는 표현: 그녀는 비일관적으로 행동해요. (Correct)

Finally, watch out for the double negative. Since '비' (非) already means 'not', adding other negative particles requires care. '일관적이지 않다' (to not be consistent) and '비일관적이다' (to be inconsistent) mean the same thing, but '비일관적이지 않다' (to not be inconsistent) means 'to be consistent,' which is a double negative that can be confusing for listeners.

Contextual Mismatch
Using '비일관적이다' for simple physical properties is a mistake. For example, if a surface is bumpy, you shouldn't say it is '비일관적이다'. Use '고르지 않다' (not even) or '거칠다' (rough). Reserve '비일관적이다' for abstract concepts like thoughts, rules, and behaviors.

오해하기 쉬운 표현: "이 길은 비일관적이에요." (The road is inconsistent - weird).
자연스러운 표현: "이 길은 울퉁불퉁해요." (The road is bumpy).

To truly master '비일관적이다', you must know the constellation of related words that surround it. Korean has a rich vocabulary for describing various types of 'changeability' or 'irregularity'. Choosing the right one will make you sound like a native speaker.

1. 모순되다 (To be Contradictory)
This is stronger than '비일관적이다.' While '비일관적' means things don't line up, '모순되다' means they actively clash or negate each other. If a politician says 'I support the poor' but then 'cuts all welfare,' that is '모순적' (contradictory). The Hanja comes from 'Spear' (矛) and 'Shield' (盾)—the classic story of an unstoppable spear meeting an impenetrable shield.
2. 변덕스럽다 (To be Fickle/Capricious)
As discussed in the mistakes section, this is for human emotion and weather. It suggests a lack of stability in personality. A person who wants pizza now but pasta five minutes later is '변덕스러운 사람.' You wouldn't usually call a person's logic '변덕스럽다' unless you were being poetic or insulting.

비교 분석:
- 비일관적: 논리적 흐름이 끊김 (Logical flow is broken).
- 모순적: 두 사실이 서로 충돌함 (Two facts clash with each other).
- 변덕스럽다: 마음이 자주 바뀜 (The mind changes frequently).

Another useful alternative is 오락가락하다. This is an idiomatic verb that literally means 'coming and going.' It's used for rain that starts and stops, or for someone's mental state when they are confused or senile. For example, '정신이 오락가락해요' (My mind is coming and going / I'm confused). It's much more casual than '비일관적이다.'

3. 가변적이다 (To be Variable/Changeable)
This is a neutral, scientific term. It doesn't necessarily imply a fault. It just means something *can* change. For example, '상황은 가변적입니다' (The situation is variable). '비일관적이다' usually carries a negative nuance of 'you should have been consistent but weren't,' whereas '가변적이다' is just a statement of fact.
4. 이랬다저랬다 하다 (To do this then that)
This is the most common colloquial equivalent. If you want to tell a friend they are being inconsistent without using big Hanja words, say: "왜 자꾸 이랬다저랬다 해?" (Why do you keep doing this then that? / Why do you keep changing your mind?).

상황별 선택:
- 토론할 때: "귀하의 주장은 비일관적입니다."
- 친구에게: "너 왜 자꾸 이랬다저랬다 해?"
- 날씨에 대해: "요즘 날씨가 참 변덕스럽네요."

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

أمثلة حسب المستوى

1

그의 말은 비일관적이에요.

His words are inconsistent.

비일관적 + 이에요 (polite ending).

2

이 게임 규칙은 비일관적입니다.

These game rules are inconsistent.

비일관적 + 입니다 (formal ending).

3

태도가 비일관적이라서 싫어요.

I don't like it because the attitude is inconsistent.

-라서 means 'because'.

4

비일관적인 것은 나빠요.

Being inconsistent is bad.

-인 것 transforms the adjective into a noun phrase.

5

선생님은 비일관적이지 않아요.

The teacher is not inconsistent.

-지 않아요 is the negative form.

6

그녀는 비일관적으로 말해요.

She speaks inconsistently.

-적으로 makes it an adverb.

7

질문이 너무 비일관적이에요.

The questions are too inconsistent.

너무 (too) modifies the adjective.

8

어제와 오늘이 비일관적이에요.

Yesterday and today are inconsistent.

와/과 joins two subjects.

1

비일관적인 태도는 친구를 힘들게 해요.

An inconsistent attitude makes friends suffer.

-게 하다 means 'to make (someone) do/feel something'.

2

이 식당의 맛은 비일관적이에요.

The taste of this restaurant is inconsistent.

맛 (taste) is the subject.

3

계획이 비일관적이라서 따라하기 힘들어요.

The plan is inconsistent, so it's hard to follow.

-기 힘들다 means 'hard to do'.

4

그의 주장은 처음과 달리 비일관적입니다.

Unlike the beginning, his claim is inconsistent.

-와 달리 means 'unlike'.

5

비일관적인 행동을 멈춰 주세요.

Please stop the inconsistent behavior.

-아/어 주세요 is a polite request.

6

회사의 정책이 비일관적으로 변했어요.

The company policy changed inconsistently.

변하다 (to change) is modified by the adverb.

7

아이들에게 비일관적인 모습은 안 좋아요.

Showing an inconsistent image to children is not good.

에/에게 indicates the target.

8

이 보고서는 데이터가 비일관적이에요.

This report's data is inconsistent.

Double subject structure (보고서는... 데이터가...).

1

정치인의 비일관적인 발언이 논란이 되고 있습니다.

The politician's inconsistent remarks are becoming a controversy.

-고 있다 indicates a progressive state.

2

시스템이 비일관적으로 작동하면 오류가 발생합니다.

If the system operates inconsistently, errors occur.

-(으)면 means 'if'.

3

그의 사과는 비일관적이라 진정성이 느껴지지 않아요.

His apology is inconsistent, so I don't feel any sincerity.

진정성 (sincerity) is a key B1 vocabulary word.

4

비일관적인 교육 방식은 학생들에게 혼란을 줍니다.

An inconsistent teaching method gives confusion to students.

혼란을 주다 (to cause confusion).

5

우리는 비일관적인 결과의 원인을 찾아야 합니다.

We must find the cause of the inconsistent results.

-아/어야 하다 means 'must/should'.

6

가격이 비일관적으로 책정되어 손님들이 불평해요.

Prices are set inconsistently, so customers are complaining.

책정되다 (to be set/fixed).

7

비일관적인 태도를 보이면 신뢰를 잃게 됩니다.

If you show an inconsistent attitude, you will lose trust.

-게 되다 indicates a change in state or result.

8

뉴스에서는 정부의 비일관적인 대처를 비판했습니다.

The news criticized the government's inconsistent response.

비판하다 (to criticize).

1

이 이론은 몇 가지 비일관적인 요소를 포함하고 있다.

This theory includes several inconsistent elements.

포함하다 (to include).

2

재판 과정에서 증인의 진술이 비일관적임이 드러났다.

During the trial, it was revealed that the witness's statement was inconsistent.

-임이 드러나다 (to be revealed that...).

3

비일관적인 법 집행은 사회적 불신을 초래할 수 있다.

Inconsistent law enforcement can lead to social distrust.

초래하다 (to bring about/cause).

4

실험 조건이 비일관적이었기 때문에 결과를 신뢰할 수 없다.

Because the experimental conditions were inconsistent, the results cannot be trusted.

-기 때문에 (because) with past tense.

5

작가는 주인공의 비일관적인 심리를 통해 인간의 복잡성을 묘사했다.

The author depicted human complexity through the protagonist's inconsistent psychology.

묘사하다 (to depict).

6

경제 지표가 비일관적으로 나타나 시장의 불안감이 커지고 있다.

Economic indicators are appearing inconsistently, increasing market anxiety.

-아/어 가다/오다 for continuing trends.

7

상사의 비일관적인 지시는 부하 직원들의 사기를 저하시킨다.

A boss's inconsistent instructions lower the morale of subordinates.

저하시키다 (to lower/deteriorate).

8

우리는 비일관적인 브랜드 이미지를 통합할 필요가 있습니다.

We need to unify our inconsistent brand image.

통합하다 (to unify/integrate).

1

그의 논문은 방법론적 비일관성으로 인해 학계의 비판을 받았다.

His thesis received academic criticism due to methodological inconsistency.

-로 인해 (due to) is very formal.

2

정부의 비일관적인 부동산 정책이 시장의 왜곡을 심화시켰다.

The government's inconsistent real estate policy deepened market distortions.

심화시키다 (to deepen/intensify).

3

인지적 비일관성을 해결하기 위해 인간은 자기합리화를 시도한다.

To resolve cognitive inconsistency, humans attempt self-justification.

인지적 비일관성 is the term for cognitive dissonance.

4

해당 소프트웨어는 비일관적인 사용자 인터페이스로 인해 외면받았다.

The software in question was shunned due to its inconsistent user interface.

외면받다 (to be ignored/shunned).

5

비일관적인 데이터 샘플링은 통계적 유의성을 훼손할 수 있다.

Inconsistent data sampling can undermine statistical significance.

훼손하다 (to damage/undermine).

6

철학자는 근대성의 비일관적인 특징을 날카롭게 분석했다.

The philosopher sharply analyzed the inconsistent characteristics of modernity.

날카롭게 (sharply) as an adverb of analysis.

7

그 기업의 사회적 책임 활동은 비일관적이라는 평가가 지배적이다.

The prevailing evaluation is that the company's CSR activities are inconsistent.

지배적이다 (to be dominant/prevailing).

8

우리의 외교 정책이 비일관적으로 비춰질 경우 국익에 해가 될 수 있다.

If our foreign policy is perceived as inconsistent, it could harm national interests.

비춰지다 (to be reflected/perceived).

1

포스트모더니즘 담론에서 비일관성은 해체의 필연적 산물로 여겨진다.

In postmodern discourse, inconsistency is regarded as an inevitable product of deconstruction.

산물 (product/outcome) in a metaphorical sense.

2

형식 논리학에서 비일관적인 체계는 어떠한 진리도 도출할 수 없다.

In formal logic, an inconsistent system cannot derive any truth.

도출하다 (to derive).

3

그의 서사는 비일관적인 시간 축을 통해 독자에게 실존적 혼란을 야기한다.

His narrative causes existential confusion in the reader through an inconsistent timeline.

야기하다 (to cause/provoke).

4

거시 경제 모델에서 비일관적인 기대 형성은 정책의 효율성을 무력화한다.

In macroeconomic models, inconsistent expectation formation neutralizes the effectiveness of policies.

무력화하다 (to neutralize/render powerless).

5

헌법 해석의 비일관성은 사법부의 권위를 근본적으로 뒤흔들 수 있다.

Inconsistency in constitutional interpretation can fundamentally shake the authority of the judiciary.

뒤흔들다 (to shake up).

6

인간 소외의 문제는 자본주의의 비일관적인 가치 체계에서 기인한다.

The problem of human alienation stems from the inconsistent value system of capitalism.

기인하다 (to originate from).

7

양자역학적 현상은 거시 세계의 직관과는 비일관적인 것처럼 보일 때가 많다.

Quantum mechanical phenomena often appear inconsistent with macro-world intuition.

-와/과 비일관적이다 (inconsistent with...).

8

그 통치자의 비일관적인 행보는 권력 유지를 위한 고도의 전략으로 풀이된다.

The ruler's inconsistent moves are interpreted as a highly sophisticated strategy for maintaining power.

풀이되다 (to be interpreted/explained).

سجّل مجاناً لرؤية جميع الأمثلة

محتوى ذو صلة

هل كان هذا مفيداً؟

التعليقات (0)

تسجيل الدخول للتعليق
لا توجد تعليقات بعد. كن أول من يشارك أفكاره!