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B2 verb #7,000 الأكثر شيوعاً 8 دقيقة للقراءة

영위하다

yeongwihada الأكثر شيوعاً #7,000

تدرّب عليها أمثلة ملاحظات ونصائح 영위하다 في 30 ثانية

الشرح 영위하다 in your Level:

In the beginning, you don't need to use the word '영위하다'. It is a very formal word. Instead, you should use '살다' (sal-da), which means 'to live'. For example, '저는 한국에서 살아요' (I live in Korea). '영위하다' is like a very fancy version of 'sal-da' that adults use in news or serious books. You might see it in a dictionary, but don't worry about using it yet. Just remember that it means 'to lead a life' in a very serious way. If you see it, just think 'to live' or 'to do a job for a long time'.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

At the A2 level, you are starting to see more formal Korean in signs or basic news. '영위하다' is a verb that means 'to lead a life' or 'to run a business'. It is made of two parts: '영' (manage) and '위' (do). You might see it in sentences like '행복한 생활을 영위하세요' (Please lead a happy life). It is much more formal than '살다'. You usually use it with words like 'life' (삶), 'daily life' (생활), or 'business' (사업). If you want to sound very polite and professional in a letter, you might use this word.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

'영위하다' is a formal verb used to describe the act of maintaining or carrying out a life, a business, or an activity over a long period. At this level, you should recognize that it's often used in social and economic contexts. For example, when talking about how people in the past lived, or how a company stays in business. It's different from '하다' (to do) because it implies a continuous, managed process. A good way to remember it is that it's used for 'big' things like your whole life or your career, not small things like eating or sleeping. You will encounter this word in intermediate reading materials and news broadcasts.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

As a B2 learner, you should be able to use '영위하다' in formal writing, such as essays or reports. It is a CEFR B2 level word because it requires an understanding of Hanja-based vocabulary and register. It specifically refers to the *purposeful* maintenance of a lifestyle or occupation. The word is frequently used in discussions about human rights (e.g., '인간다운 삶을 영위하다') and economic sustainability. You should distinguish it from '운영하다' (to manage/operate), which focuses on the mechanics of a business, whereas '영위하다' focuses on the act of being engaged in that business as a way of life. It is a key term for expressing sophisticated concepts of existence and professional engagement.

At the C1 level, '영위하다' should be part of your active formal vocabulary. You should understand its nuances in legal, philosophical, and academic texts. It often appears in the context of 'ontological maintenance'—how a subject sustains their presence in a social or economic system. You should be able to use it with abstract objects like '문화적 삶' (cultural life) or '경제적 자립' (economic independence). Furthermore, you should be aware of its collocations with adverbs like '안정적으로' (stably) or '독자적으로' (independently). In C1 level discourse, '영위하다' is not just 'to live,' but 'to enact and sustain a structural existence.'

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

For C2 proficiency, '영위하다' is understood within its full etymological and historical context. You should recognize its usage in the Korean Constitution and high-level judicial precedents where the 'right to lead a life' is debated. You can differentiate it from even more specialized terms like '구가하다' (to enjoy/celebrate a state) or '종사하다' (to be professionally engaged). In a C2 context, '영위하다' serves as a fundamental verb to describe the continuity of human civilization, institutional practices, and individual agency within those structures. Your usage should be flawless, appearing in complex sentence structures that analyze the quality and sustainability of life or business practices in modern society.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

تدرّب عليها أمثلة ملاحظات ونصائح

영위하다 في 30 ثانية

A formal verb meaning to lead or maintain a life or business over time.
Commonly used with objects like '삶' (life), '생활' (daily living), and '사업' (business).
Appears frequently in news, legal documents, and academic writing to describe sustained activity.
Differs from '살다' (to live) by implying a more managed and purposeful process.

The Korean verb 영위하다 (營爲--) is a sophisticated, formal term that translates roughly to 'to lead,' 'to maintain,' or 'to carry on' a certain state of existence, a business, or a lifestyle over a continuous period. Unlike the common word '살다' (to live), which is used in everyday conversation to describe the simple act of being alive or residing somewhere, 영위하다 carries a nuance of active management and purposeful continuation. It implies that the subject is not just existing, but is actively participating in the structures and activities that constitute their life or profession.

Etymological Nuance: The Hanja '營' (영) means to manage or build, while '爲' (위) means to do or act. Together, they suggest a life that is 'managed and acted out' with intention. This is why you see it so often in legal contexts regarding the 'right to lead a decent life' or in business contexts regarding 'operating a trade.'

모든 국민은 인간다운 생활을 영위할 권리를 가진다.

Translation: All citizens have the right to lead a life worthy of a human being.

In a broader sociological sense, 영위하다 is used to describe how a community or an individual sustains their existence through various activities. For instance, an artist might lead a life dedicated to their craft, or a small business owner might carry on a family legacy. The word emphasizes the duration and the structural integrity of that life. It is rarely used for short-term actions or trivial daily tasks; you wouldn't use it to say you are 'leading' a 10-minute walk. It is reserved for the grander arc of one's existence or professional career.

Business Context: When applied to business, it means to run or operate an enterprise. It suggests a long-term commitment to the trade rather than a one-off transaction. For example, '상업을 영위하다' means to be engaged in commerce as a profession.

그는 평생 동안 농업을 영위하며 자식들을 키웠다.

Translation: He raised his children while carrying on farming throughout his life.

Furthermore, 영위하다 is often paired with abstract nouns like '문화' (culture) or '경제 활동' (economic activity). This highlights the word's capacity to describe the systemic nature of human endeavors. When we say a tribe '영위하다' a certain culture, we mean they practice it, preserve it, and live through its customs daily. It is a word that bridges the gap between 'doing' and 'being.'

현대인들은 복잡한 사회 구조 속에서 바쁜 생활을 영위하고 있다.

Using 영위하다 correctly requires understanding its object-verb relationship. The most frequent objects are 삶 (life), 생활 (daily living), and 사업/업 (business/occupation). Because it is a formal verb, it often appears in the '~고 있다' (progressive) or '~는' (descriptive) forms in written texts.

Pattern 1: [Noun] + 을/를 영위하다: This is the standard transitive usage. The noun is typically a long-term state or activity.
Example: '독자적인 생활을 영위하다' (To lead an independent life).

장애인들도 사회의 일원으로서 평범한 삶을 영위할 수 있어야 합니다.

Translation: People with disabilities should also be able to lead an ordinary life as members of society.

In academic writing, you will see it used to describe historical or sociological phenomena. For instance, when discussing how ancient people 'carried on' their lives using specific tools. It provides a sense of continuity that '살다' lacks. When you use '살다', the focus is on the biological fact of living; when you use '영위하다', the focus is on the *manner* and *structure* of that living.

그 회사는 수십 년간 안정적으로 사업을 영위해 왔다.

Translation: That company has been stably operating its business for decades.

One interesting usage is in the context of 'dignity.' Often, Korean social discourse mentions '인간다운 삶의 영위' (the leading of a life worthy of a human). Here, it is turned into a noun phrase using the '-ㅁ/음' or '-기' nominalizers, though the 'noun + 의 + 영위' structure is also common in formal documents.

Pattern 2: [Adverb] + 영위하다: Commonly paired with adverbs like '안정적으로' (stably), '독자적으로' (independently), or '지속적으로' (continuously).
Example: '지속적으로 가업을 영위하다' (To continuously carry on the family business).

우리는 자연과 조화를 이루며 삶을 영위해야 합니다.

Translation: We must lead our lives in harmony with nature.

You are unlikely to hear 영위하다 at a casual dinner party or a K-pop concert. However, it is ubiquitous in specific high-level environments. Understanding these contexts will help you recognize the 'weight' of the word.

1. News and Documentaries: News anchors use this word when reporting on social welfare, economic trends, or the lives of citizens. For example, '저소득층이 기본적인 생활을 영위하기 어렵다' (It is difficult for the low-income class to lead a basic life).

다큐멘터리: '이 부족은 수천 년간 이 땅에서 전통적인 삶을 영위해 왔습니다.'

Translation: Documentary: 'This tribe has led a traditional life on this land for thousands of years.'

2. **Legal and Official Documents**: In the Korean Constitution and various laws, 영위하다 is the standard term for exercising one's right to live or conduct business. If you read a contract or a government policy paper, this word will appear frequently to define the scope of activities allowed.

3. **Business Presentations and Reports**: When a CEO discusses the company's core operations or its history of 'maintaining' its market position, they will use 영위하다. It sounds much more professional and stable than saying they are 'doing' (하다) a business.

저희 기업은 창립 이래로 정직한 경영을 영위하고 있습니다.

Translation: Our company has been leading honest management since its founding.

4. **Philosophical and Literary Works**: Authors use this word to reflect on the meaning of existence. It suggests a sense of duty or a grander purpose to life. In a novel, a character might contemplate the burden of '영위하는 삶' (the life they are leading).

While 영위하다 is a powerful word, its misapplication can make a learner's Korean sound unnatural or overly stiff. Here are the most common pitfalls.

Mistake 1: Over-formality in Casual Speech: Using 영위하다 when talking to friends about your weekend.
Incorrect: '주말에 즐거운 생활을 영위했어.' (I led an enjoyable life over the weekend.)
Correct: '주말에 즐겁게 보냈어.' (I had a good time over the weekend.)

The word 영위하다 implies a long-term, sustained state. Using it for a short period like a weekend or a single day is a category error. It’s like saying 'I managed the enterprise of my Saturday' in English—it’s grammatically possible but sounds bizarrely formal.

잘못된 사용: '나는 오늘 점심 식사를 영위했다.'

Explanation: You 'eat' lunch (먹다), you don't 'lead/maintain' it like a life or business.

Mistake 2: Confusing with '운영하다' (Operate): While both can be used for business, 운영하다 is more about the day-to-day logistics and management of an organization, while 영위하다 is about the state of being in that business. You '운영' a store (manage the staff, stock, etc.), but you '영위' a retail business (as your life's work).

Another mistake is using the wrong particle. Since it's a transitive verb, it must take the object marker 을/를. Sometimes learners use '에서' (at/in) as if it were an intransitive verb like '살다'.
Incorrect: '그는 시골에서 영위한다.'
Correct: '그는 시골에서 전원생활을 영위한다.'

To truly master 영위하다, you must know how it compares to its synonyms. Each has a slightly different 'flavor' and register.

영위하다 vs. 살아가다: '살아가다' means 'to go on living' or 'to make a living.' It is much more common in daily speech and has a more emotional, human touch. 영위하다 is the academic/legal counterpart. Use '살아가다' for personal stories and '영위하다' for sociological analysis.

영위하다 vs. 경영하다: '경영하다' is specifically for management and administration of a business or household. It implies strategic planning. 영위하다 is broader; it just means the act of carrying out that business over time. You '경영' a company to make a profit; you '영위' a business as your livelihood.

비교:
1. 행복한 삶을 영위하다 (Formal, abstract)
2. 행복하게 살아가다 (Natural, everyday)

Other alternatives include 유지하다 (to maintain) and 종사하다 (to be engaged in). '유지하다' is used when the focus is on keeping a certain level or standard from dropping. '종사하다' is strictly for jobs and occupations (e.g., '교육계에 종사하다' - to be engaged in the field of education). 영위하다 is the most comprehensive, covering both the 'living' and 'working' aspects of life.

구가하다 (謳歌--): This is an even higher-level word, meaning 'to enjoy' a state of happiness, peace, or freedom. While 영위하다 is neutral, 구가하다 is positive. Example: '평화를 구가하다' (To enjoy/celebrate peace).

How Formal Is It?

حقيقة ممتعة

The character 營 (영) is the same 'yeong' found in '경영' (management). It originally depicted a building or a camp that required careful planning and management.

دليل النطق

UK /jʌŋ.wi.ɦa.da/

US /jʌŋ.wi.ɦa.da/

Stress is typically neutral across all syllables in Korean, but a slight emphasis may fall on the first syllable '영'.

يتقافى مع

행위하다 (haeng-wi-ha-da) 방위하다 (bang-wi-ha-da) 시위하다 (si-wi-ha-da) 지휘하다 (ji-hwi-ha-da) 범위 (beom-wi) 사유하다 (sa-yu-ha-da) 공유하다 (gong-yu-ha-da) 향유하다 (hyang-yu-ha-da)

أخطاء شائعة

Pronouncing 'wi' (위) as 'u-i' (우이) separately; it should be a smooth glide.
Over-emphasizing the 'h' in 'hada'; it often becomes soft or almost silent between vowels.

مستوى الصعوبة

القراءة 4/5

Common in news and books, but requires Hanja knowledge to fully grasp.

الكتابة 5/5

Difficult to use naturally without sounding overly formal.

التحدث 5/5

Rarely used in casual speech; using it correctly requires high situational awareness.

الاستماع 4/5

Frequently heard in documentaries and news broadcasts.

ماذا تتعلّم بعد ذلك

المتطلبات الأساسية

살다 생활 사업 하다 경영

تعلّم لاحقاً

구가하다 종사하다 수행하다 지속하다 실천하다

متقدم

실존 정체성 사회적 안전망 헌법 자아실현

قواعد يجب معرفتها

-을/를 (Object Marker)

사업을 영위하다.

-고 있다 (Progressive)

생활을 영위하고 있다.

-아/어 오다 (Continuation from past)

가업을 영위해 왔다.

-기 위해 (Purpose)

삶을 영위하기 위해 일한다.

-는 (Present descriptive)

영위하는 삶.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

أمثلة حسب المستوى

그는 농사를 영위해요.

He does farming (as a life work).

Simple present tense.

우리는 삶을 영위합니다.

We lead a life.

Formal polite ending.

그녀는 사업을 영위해요.

She runs a business.

Object marker '을'.

행복한 삶을 영위하세요.

Lead a happy life.

Imperative/Wish form.

사람들은 생활을 영위한다.

People lead their lives.

Plain style.

누가 이 사업을 영위합니까?

Who runs this business?

Interrogative formal.

그들은 평화롭게 삶을 영위해요.

They lead their lives peacefully.

Adverb + Verb.

나의 삶을 영위하고 싶어.

I want to lead my life.

-고 싶다 (want to).

그는 작은 가게를 영위하고 있습니다.

He is running a small shop.

-고 있다 (progressive).

우리는 매일 바쁜 생활을 영위해요.

We lead a busy life every day.

Adjective + Noun object.

부모님은 가업을 영위하셨습니다.

My parents carried on the family business.

Honorific past tense.

건강한 삶을 영위하는 것이 중요해요.

It is important to lead a healthy life.

-는 것 (nominalization).

그는 평생 어업을 영위했습니다.

He was engaged in fishing all his life.

Duration + Verb.

독립해서 자신의 삶을 영위하세요.

Become independent and lead your own life.

Sequential action -아/어서.

이 도시에서 생활을 영위하기 좋아요.

It is good to lead a life in this city.

-기 좋다 (good for doing).

그녀는 예술가로서의 삶을 영위한다.

She leads a life as an artist.

-로서 (as a...).

많은 사람들이 도시에서 경제 활동을 영위한다.

Many people engage in economic activities in the city.

Economic context.

그들은 조상 대대로 이 땅에서 삶을 영위해 왔다.

They have led their lives on this land for generations.

-아/어 오다 (have been doing).

인간은 사회적 관계 속에서 생활을 영위합니다.

Humans lead their lives within social relationships.

Sociological context.

그 회사는 3대째 같은 사업을 영위하고 있다.

The company has been running the same business for three generations.

Business continuity.

안정적인 삶을 영위하기 위해 저축을 합니다.

I save money to lead a stable life.

-기 위해 (in order to).

그는 은퇴 후에도 활발한 삶을 영위하고 싶어 한다.

He wants to lead an active life even after retirement.

Third person desire -어 하다.

자연과 더불어 삶을 영위하는 지혜가 필요하다.

Wisdom to lead a life together with nature is needed.

Abstract noun object.

그들은 힘든 상황에서도 꿋꿋이 삶을 영위했다.

They led their lives steadfastly even in difficult situations.

Adverbial phrase.

국가는 국민이 인간다운 삶을 영위할 수 있도록 도와야 한다.

The state must help citizens so that they can lead a life worthy of a human.

-도록 (so that).

그는 수십 년간 출판업을 영위하며 지식을 전파했다.

He carried on the publishing business for decades and spread knowledge.

-며 (while/and).

현대인들은 기술의 발전 덕분에 편리한 생활을 영위한다.

Modern people lead convenient lives thanks to the development of technology.

Causal '덕분에'.

문화적 다양성을 존중하며 삶을 영위하는 태도가 중요하다.

An attitude of leading a life while respecting cultural diversity is important.

Complex noun phrase.

그는 독자적인 가치관에 따라 삶을 영위하고자 노력했다.

He tried to lead his life according to his independent values.

-고자 (intending to).

장애인도 차별 없이 평등한 삶을 영위할 권리가 있다.

People with disabilities also have the right to lead an equal life without discrimination.

Legal/Rights context.

이 기업은 환경 친화적인 경영을 영위함으로써 사회에 기여한다.

This company contributes to society by carrying out eco-friendly management.

-함으로써 (by doing).

우리는 각자의 방식대로 삶을 영위할 자유가 있습니다.

We have the freedom to lead our lives in our own ways.

Possessive + Noun.

고대인들이 어떠한 방식으로 공동체 생활을 영위했는지 연구 중이다.

We are studying how ancient people led their community lives.

Indirect question -는지.

지속 가능한 발전을 통해 미래 세대도 풍요로운 삶을 영위하게 해야 한다.

We must ensure future generations can also lead prosperous lives through sustainable development.

Causative -게 하다.

그는 세속적인 욕망에서 벗어나 구도자적인 삶을 영위했다.

He broke free from worldly desires and led the life of a seeker.

Literary description.

사회적 약자들이 기본적인 생계를 영위할 수 있는 안전망이 필요하다.

A safety net is needed so that the socially vulnerable can maintain a basic livelihood.

Relative clause.

그 학자는 평생 학문 연구에 정진하며 고결한 삶을 영위했다.

The scholar devoted his life to academic research and led a noble life.

Advanced vocabulary.

디지털 시대에 우리는 새로운 형태의 사회적 삶을 영위하고 있다.

In the digital age, we are leading a new form of social life.

Contemporary context.

예술가는 창작 활동을 영위함으로써 자신의 존재 가치를 증명한다.

Artists prove their value of existence by carrying out creative activities.

Philosophical context.

기본 소득제는 모든 국민이 인간다운 삶을 영위하도록 돕는 제도이다.

The basic income system is a system that helps all citizens lead a life worthy of a human.

Policy discussion.

실존적 고뇌 속에서도 인간은 끊임없이 의미 있는 삶을 영위하고자 분투한다.

Even amidst existential anguish, humans constantly struggle to lead a meaningful life.

Existential philosophy.

법적 권리로서의 '삶의 영위'는 단순한 생존을 넘어 자아실현을 포함한다.

The 'leading of life' as a legal right includes self-actualization beyond mere survival.

Legal theory nuance.

그 기업은 윤리적 가치를 최우선으로 하며 투명한 경영을 영위해 왔다.

The company has maintained transparent management, prioritizing ethical values above all.

Corporate governance.

전통 문화의 계승은 그것을 영위하는 주체들의 의지에 달려 있다.

The succession of traditional culture depends on the will of the subjects who practice it.

-에 달려 있다 (depends on).

인간이 자연의 순리를 거스르지 않고 조화로운 삶을 영위하는 것은 궁극적인 과제이다.

Leading a harmonious life without defying the laws of nature is an ultimate task for humans.

Gerund subject.

자본주의 체제 하에서 개인은 노동을 통해 생계를 영위할 수밖에 없다.

Under the capitalist system, individuals have no choice but to maintain their livelihood through labor.

-을 수밖에 없다 (no choice but to).

그는 권력의 정점에서도 겸손함을 잃지 않고 소박한 삶을 영위했다.

Even at the pinnacle of power, he did not lose his humility and led a simple life.

Contrastive -어도.

공동체의 안녕을 위해 각 구성원이 책임감 있게 자신의 역할을 영위해야 한다.

For the well-being of the community, each member must carry out their role responsibly.

Social responsibility.

المرادفات

지내가다 유지하다 살아가다 경영하다

الأضداد

중단하다 포기하다

تلازمات شائعة

삶을 영위하다

생활을 영위하다

사업을 영위하다

가업을 영위하다

경제 활동을 영위하다

독자적인 생활을 영위하다

안정적으로 영위하다

인간다운 삶을 영위하다

문화 생활을 영위하다

생계를 영위하다

العبارات الشائعة

인간다운 삶의 영위

— Leading a life worthy of a human being. Often used in human rights discussions.

인간다운 삶의 영위는 헌법적 권리입니다.

사업 영위 능력

— The ability to carry out/run a business. A technical term in finance or law.

그 회사는 사업 영위 능력이 부족하다.

생계를 영위할 수단

— Means to maintain one's livelihood. Used when discussing jobs or income.

그는 생계를 영위할 수단을 찾고 있다.

평화로운 삶의 영위

— Maintaining a peaceful life. Used in idealistic or literary contexts.

모두가 평화로운 삶의 영위를 꿈꾼다.

독자적 생활 영위

— Leading an independent life. Often used regarding youth or elderly independence.

노인들의 독자적 생활 영위를 도와야 한다.

지속 가능한 삶을 영위하다

— To lead a sustainable life. Used in environmental contexts.

지속 가능한 삶을 영위하기 위해 노력합시다.

안정된 생활을 영위하다

— To lead a stable life. A very common goal in Korean society.

그는 이제 안정된 생활을 영위하고 있다.

전문직을 영위하다

— To carry out a professional job. Used for doctors, lawyers, etc.

그녀는 오랫동안 전문직을 영위해 왔다.

공동체 생활을 영위하다

— To lead a community life. Used in sociology.

인간은 공동체 생활을 영위하는 동물이다.

창작 활동을 영위하다

— To carry out creative activities. Used for artists.

작가는 평생 창작 활동을 영위했다.

يُخلط عادةً مع

영위하다 vs 운영하다

운영하다 is about day-to-day management; 영위하다 is about the overall act of carrying on a business/life.

영위하다 vs 유지하다

유지하다 focuses on keeping a state the same; 영위하다 focuses on the active process of living/working.

영위하다 vs 수행하다

수행하다 is for specific tasks or missions; 영위하다 is for the broad arc of life or business.

تعبيرات اصطلاحية

"입에 풀칠하며 영위하다"

— To barely lead a life by putting paste on one's mouth (to barely survive).

그는 하루하루 입에 풀칠하며 삶을 영위했다.

Literary/Old-fashioned

"인간다운 삶을 영위하다"

— To live a life that has dignity and basic needs met.

최저임금은 인간다운 삶을 영위하기 위한 최소한의 장치이다.

Formal/Legal

"풍요 속의 빈곤한 삶을 영위하다"

— To lead a poor life amidst abundance (feeling empty despite wealth).

그는 부유하지만 풍요 속의 빈곤한 삶을 영위하고 있다.

Literary

"대를 이어 가업을 영위하다"

— To carry on a family business through generations.

그들은 100년 넘게 대를 이어 가업을 영위해 왔다.

Formal

"자연의 품에서 삶을 영위하다"

— To lead a life in the embrace of nature.

그는 도시를 떠나 자연의 품에서 삶을 영위하기로 했다.

Literary

"고독한 삶을 영위하다"

— To lead a lonely life.

시인은 평생 고독한 삶을 영위하며 시를 썼다.

Literary

"떳떳한 삶을 영위하다"

— To lead an honorable/shame-free life.

자식들에게 떳떳한 삶을 영위하는 모습을 보여주고 싶다.

Neutral

"안빈낙도의 삶을 영위하다"

— To lead a life of being content in poverty and enjoying the Way (classical idiom).

그는 시골에서 안빈낙도의 삶을 영위하고 있다.

Literary/Classical

"치열한 삶을 영위하다"

— To lead a fierce/intense life.

오늘날의 청년들은 치열한 삶을 영위하고 있다.

Neutral/Formal

"유유자적한 삶을 영위하다"

— To lead a relaxed and carefree life.

은퇴 후에 유유자적한 삶을 영위하는 것이 제 꿈입니다.

Literary

سهل الخلط

영위하다 vs 경영하다

Both relate to business.

경영하다 is strategic management (CEO level); 영위하다 is the general act of being in business.

회사를 경영하다 vs. 상업을 영위하다.

영위하다 vs 살다

Both mean to live.

살다 is basic existence; 영위하다 is formal, managed life.

집에서 살다 vs. 문화 생활을 영위하다.

영위하다 vs 지내다

Both mean to pass time/live.

지내다 is informal and refers to passing time; 영위하다 is formal and refers to maintenance.

잘 지내요 vs. 품위 있는 생활을 영위하다.

영위하다 vs 종사하다

Both relate to jobs.

종사하다 is 'to be in a field'; 영위하다 is 'to carry out the business'.

교육계에 종사하다 vs. 출판업을 영위하다.

영위하다 vs 구가하다

Both describe a state of life.

구가하다 is always positive (enjoying/celebrating); 영위하다 is neutral.

자유를 구가하다 vs. 생활을 영위하다.

أنماط الجُمل

N을/를 영위하다

생활을 영위하다.

N을/를 영위하고 있다

사업을 영위하고 있다.

N을/를 영위할 수 있다

삶을 영위할 수 있다.

Adj-ㄴ N을/를 영위하다

독자적인 생활을 영위하다.

Adv-하게 N을/를 영위하다

안정적으로 사업을 영위하다.

N-적 삶을 영위하다

구도자적 삶을 영위하다.

N의 영위

인간다운 삶의 영위.

N을/를 영위함에 있어서

사업을 영위함에 있어서 정직이 중요하다.

عائلة الكلمة

الأسماء

영위 The act of leading or maintaining (life/business).

الأفعال

영위하다 To lead, maintain, or carry on.

مرتبط

경영 (Management)

행위 (Action/Act)

인위 (Artificiality)

무위 (Inaction)

작위 (Artifice/Action)

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كيفية الاستخدام

frequency

Common in written/formal Korean; rare in spoken/casual Korean.

أخطاء شائعة

Using with trivial objects. → Using with 'life', 'business', 'culture'.
You can't '영위' a meal or a nap. It must be a sustained activity.
Using '에서' instead of '을/를'. → N을/를 영위하다.
It is a transitive verb requiring an object, not just a location.
Using in very casual text messages. → Use '살다' or '지내다'.
It sounds like you are writing a law book to your friends.
Confusing with '운영하다' for daily tasks. → Use '운영하다' for managing a store's daily tasks.
영위하다 is the state of being in that business/life.
Mispronouncing 'wi' as 'u-i'. → Smooth 'wee' sound.
The 'wi' glide is important for natural-sounding Korean.

نصائح

Use in TOPIK

Using '영위하다' in the TOPIK II writing section (Task 54) when discussing social issues will help you get a higher score for vocabulary.

Business Etiquette

When describing your company's history in a presentation, use '영위해 왔습니다' to show stability and commitment.

Understanding Rights

Whenever you see '영위' in a legal context, think 'the right to maintain a standard of living'.

Beyond Survival

Remember that '영위하다' often implies living with a certain quality or purpose, not just surviving.

Common Pairs

Memorize '인간다운 삶을 영위하다' as a single chunk; it's a very common set phrase.

Object Marker

Never forget the '을/를' marker. You '영위' something, you don't just '영위' in a place.

Hanja Power

Learning the Hanja 營 (manage) will help you understand words like 경영 (management) and 운영 (operation) as well.

Community Focus

It is often used for '공동체 생활' (community life), emphasizing how groups maintain their existence together.

Serious Tone

Use this word when the conversation turns to serious life goals or professional achievements.

Contrast with 살다

Think: '살다' is for everyone; '영위하다' is for those managing a life or a career with intent.

احفظها

وسيلة تذكّر

Think of 'Young and Wise'. To lead a 'Young and Wise' life, you must '영위하다' (Yeong-wi-ha-da).

ربط بصري

Imagine a captain steering a ship (life) through a long voyage. The act of steering and maintaining the ship's course is '영위하다'.

Word Web

삶 (Life) 사업 (Business) 생활 (Daily life) 경영 (Management) 지속 (Continuity) 권리 (Right) 인간 (Human) 활동 (Activity)

تحدٍّ

Try to write a sentence about your dream career using '영위하다'. Remember to use the object marker '을/를'!

أصل الكلمة

Derived from Hanja: 營 (영) meaning 'to manage, build, or plan' and 爲 (위) meaning 'to do, act, or become'.

المعنى الأصلي: To manage and act; to carry out an enterprise or life plan.

Sino-Korean (Hanja)

السياق الثقافي

This is a neutral, formal word. No specific sensitivities other than its potential to sound overly cold or clinical if used in intimate settings.

In English, we often just say 'to live' or 'to run a business,' but '영위하다' captures both the 'living' and the 'managing' aspects in one formal verb.

The Constitution of the Republic of Korea (Article 34). Academic papers on 'Well-being' (웰빙) often use this word. News reports on the 'Right to Livelihood' (생존권).

تدرّب في الحياة الواقعية

سياقات واقعية

Legal/Rights

인간다운 삶
영위할 권리
기본권
사회적 약자

Business

사업 영위
가업 승계
경제 활동
경영 철학

Sociology

공동체 생활
문화적 영위
현대인의 삶
사회 구조

Philosophy

실존적 영위
의미 있는 삶
자아실현
가치관

Daily Formalities

안정된 생활
독자적 생활
생계를 영위하다
평화로운 삶

بدايات محادثة

"당신은 어떤 가치관을 가지고 삶을 영위하고 싶나요? (What kind of values do you want to lead your life with?)"

"현대 사회에서 인간다운 삶을 영위하기 위해 가장 필요한 것은 무엇일까요? (What is most needed to lead a life worthy of a human in modern society?)"

"가업을 영위하는 것에 대해 어떻게 생각하시나요? (What do you think about carrying on a family business?)"

"은퇴 후에 어떤 생활을 영위하고 싶으신가요? (What kind of life do you want to lead after retirement?)"

"디지털 기기 없이 하루의 생활을 영위할 수 있을까요? (Could you lead your daily life for a day without digital devices?)"

مواضيع للكتابة اليومية

내가 꿈꾸는 '이상적인 삶의 영위'에 대해 구체적으로 서술해 보세요. (Describe in detail the 'ideal leading of life' that you dream of.)

오늘 하루 내가 영위한 경제 활동들을 기록해 보세요. (Record the economic activities you carried out today.)

우리 사회가 모든 구성원에게 평등한 삶의 영위를 보장하고 있는지 비판적으로 써 보세요. (Critically write about whether our society guarantees an equal leading of life for all members.)

가족의 역사를 돌아보며, 조상들이 어떤 업을 영위해 왔는지 적어 보세요. (Looking back at your family history, write about what businesses your ancestors carried on.)

지속 가능한 지구를 위해 우리가 영위해야 할 생활 방식은 무엇일까요? (What lifestyle should we lead for a sustainable planet?)

الأسئلة الشائعة

10 أسئلة

Usually no. It implies a significant, life-defining activity or a livelihood. For a hobby, use '즐기다' (to enjoy) or '하다' (to do).

No, that sounds very strange. '영위하다' is for broader concepts like 'cultural life' or 'economic life,' not specific biological functions.

The most common object is '삶' (life), followed by '생활' (daily living) and '사업' (business).

It is not honorific in the sense of 'si' (시), but it is a high-level, formal word (격식체) that shows education and professionalism.

Generally no. It implies purposeful, human-like management of life. For animals, use '서식하다' (to inhabit) or '살다' (to live).

Yes, '영위' (營爲) is the noun form, meaning 'the act of leading or maintaining'.

You can say '이중 생활을 영위하다', which sounds very formal and dramatic.

Yes, '영위했다' is common when describing historical figures or past business operations.

Yes, it is a standard Sino-Korean word used in both North and South Korea, though contexts may differ.

營 (manage/build) and 爲 (do/act).

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