Adjektiv + Infinitiv (Es ist einfach zu lernen)
Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
Use 'to' + verb after adjectives to describe an action, express feelings, or give opinions about a task.
- Use 'to' after adjectives of difficulty like 'easy' or 'hard' (It's easy to learn).
- Use 'to' after adjectives of emotion like 'happy' or 'sad' (I'm happy to help).
- Add 'not' before 'to' for negative sentences (It's important not to forget).
Overview
to-infinitive setzen. Es ist eines dieser super vielseitigen Werkzeuge, die dich weniger wie ein Lehrbuch und mehr wie eine echte Person klingen lassen. Egal, ob du dich über ein laggy Game beschwerst oder einem Freund sagst, dass du dich freust, dass sein TikTok viral geht – dieses Muster ist dein bester Freund.to + verb-Form). Wir benutzen es, um zu beschreiben, wie einfach oder schwer etwas ist, wie wir uns bei einer Handlung fühlen oder um das Verhalten von jemandem zu beurteilen.How This Grammar Works
I am happy to meet you. Einfach, oder? Das Adjektiv gibt die Stimmung vor, und der Infinitiv sagt uns, worum es bei der Stimmung geht.
Formation Pattern
It is für allgemeine Aussagen oder I am / You are für Personen.
to plus der Grundform des Verbs ab.
When To Use It
This game is fun to play. Benutze es, wenn du höflich bist: I’m sorry to bother you.
Common Mistakes
-ing-Form zu benutzen, weil es sich in anderen Sprachen natürlich anfühlt. Richtig: It is easy to learn English, NICHT 'It is easy learning English'.Contrast With Similar Patterns
interested, verlangen immer in + -ing.Quick FAQ
F: Kann ich das mit jedem Adjektiv benutzen?
Meistens ja! Besonders mit solchen, die Gefühle, Schwierigkeiten oder Meinungen beschreiben.
Common Adjective + To-Infinitive Patterns
| Subject | Verb 'Be' | Adjective | Infinitive (to + verb) | Example |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
It
|
is
|
easy
|
to learn
|
It is easy to learn.
|
|
I
|
am
|
happy
|
to help
|
I am happy to help.
|
|
They
|
were
|
surprised
|
to see
|
They were surprised to see us.
|
|
It
|
is
|
important
|
not to go
|
It is important not to go.
|
|
She
|
is
|
ready
|
to start
|
She is ready to start.
|
|
It
|
was
|
kind
|
to say
|
It was kind to say that.
|
Contractions in this Structure
| Full Form | Contraction | Usage |
|---|---|---|
|
It is easy
|
It's easy
|
Very common in speech
|
|
I am happy
|
I'm happy
|
Standard informal/neutral
|
|
It was not easy
|
It wasn't easy
|
Common in past tense
|
Meanings
This structure is used to provide more information about an adjective by following it with an infinitive verb. It often describes the difficulty, emotion, or necessity associated with an action.
Difficulty and Ease
Describing how hard or easy an action is to perform.
“It's hard to breathe in this heat.”
“The instructions were simple to follow.”
Emotional Reaction
Expressing how someone feels about doing something.
“I'm delighted to meet you.”
“She was surprised to see him there.”
Judgment and Character
Commenting on someone's behavior or character traits.
“It was kind of you to help.”
“It's rude to interrupt people.”
Necessity and Importance
Stating that an action is required or vital.
“It's important to arrive on time.”
“It is necessary to sign the form.”
Reference Table
| Adjektiv | Bedeutung | Example Sentence | Focus |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Easy
|
Nicht schwierig
|
It's `easy to learn` new words.
|
easy to learn
|
|
Hard
|
Schwierig, herausfordernd
|
It was `hard to solve` the puzzle.
|
hard to solve
|
|
Important
|
Wichtig, notwendig
|
It's `important to listen` carefully.
|
important to listen
|
|
Pleasant
|
Angenehm, schön
|
It's `pleasant to walk` in the park.
|
pleasant to walk
|
|
Impossible
|
Unmöglich zu tun
|
It's `impossible to predict` the future.
|
impossible to predict
|
|
Exciting
|
Spannend, anregend
|
It's `exciting to start` a new project.
|
exciting to start
|
|
Glad
|
Froh, erfreut
|
I'm `glad to see` you again.
|
glad to see
|
Formalitätsspektrum
It is quite straightforward to complete the application. (Completing a task)
It's easy to finish the form. (Completing a task)
It's a breeze to do. (Completing a task)
It's a piece of cake to knock out. (Completing a task)
Adjektiv + To-Infinitiv: Dein Meinungs-Toolkit
Häufige Adjektive
- Easy Nicht schwierig
- Hard Schwierig
- Important Notwendig
- Happy Erfreut
Häufige Infinitive
- to do eine Handlung ausführen
- to understand Bedeutung erfassen
- to say Wörter sprechen
- to go weggehen
Hauptmuster
- It's easy to use Allgemeine Meinung ausdrücken
- She is happy to help Persönliches Gefühl ausdrücken
Was es bewirkt
- Express Opinions Wie du über eine Handlung denkst
- Describe Characteristics Wie eine Handlung ist
To-Infinitiv vs. Gerund nach Adjektiven
Sollte ich 'Adjektiv + To-Infinitiv' verwenden?
Drückst du eine Meinung oder ein Gefühl über eine HANDLUNG aus?
Folgt die Handlung einem Adjektiv wie 'easy', 'hard', 'important', 'happy'?
Adjektive, die To-Infinitive lieben
Meinung/Eigenschaft
- • Easy
- • Hard
- • Difficult
- • Simple
- • Impossible
- • Possible
- • Good
- • Bad
- • Fun
- • Boring
- • Interesting
Emotion/Gefühl
- • Happy
- • Glad
- • Sad
- • Pleased
- • Delighted
- • Excited
- • Surprised
- • Shocked
- • Upset
- • Angry
- • Disappointed
Notwendigkeit/Wichtigkeit
- • Important
- • Necessary
- • Essential
- • Crucial
- • Vital
- • Obligatory
Beispiele nach Niveau
I am happy to help you.
It is good to see you.
It is easy to read this.
She is sad to go.
It is important to drink water.
It is not easy to learn Chinese.
Are you ready to order?
It is dangerous to swim here.
It is difficult for me to speak in public.
It was very kind of you to invite us.
It is necessary to wear a helmet.
I was surprised to find the door open.
The results are likely to be positive.
It is vital not to underestimate the competition.
He is always the first to arrive at work.
The instructions are too complicated to follow.
It is imperative to address these issues immediately.
She was relieved to have finished the marathon.
It is quite common for students to feel overwhelmed.
The book is well worth the effort to read.
It is incumbent upon the board to ensure transparency.
The theory is far too abstract to be applied practically.
He was loath to admit that he had been mistaken.
It is seldom easy to reconcile such disparate views.
Leicht verwechselbar
Learners often use 'to' when a specific preposition is required by the adjective.
Both 'Learning is fun' and 'It is fun to learn' are correct, leading to choice paralysis.
Learners forget the 'to' after enough/too.
Häufige Fehler
It is easy learn.
It is easy to learn.
I am happy for see you.
I am happy to see you.
It is good to seeing you.
It is good to see you.
Is easy to go.
It is easy to go.
It is important to not forget.
It is important not to forget.
The book is easy for read.
The book is easy to read.
I am ready for go.
I am ready to go.
It is easy for me learning.
It is easy for me to learn.
It was kind for you to help.
It was kind of you to help.
I am sorry to being late.
I am sorry to be late.
It is easy that I learn.
It is easy for me to learn.
Satzmuster
It is ___ to ___.
I am ___ to ___.
It is ___ for ___ to ___.
It was ___ of ___ to ___.
Real World Usage
It's great to hear from you!
I am eager to learn new skills.
It's easy to get lost in this city.
It's important to leave a note for the driver.
So happy to share this news!
It's necessary to take this twice a day.
Welche Adjektive passen hier?
Die Gerund-Falle!
, NICHT It's easy learning".'Für wen?' hinzufügen
Natürlich klingen!
Mehr als nur 'It's'
hard to complete' oder 'He is difficult to work with'. Lass dich nicht einschränken! Stell dir vor, du hast ein kniffliges Problem gelöst: That was challenging to figure out.
Smart Tips
Start your sentence with 'It's better to...' or 'It's important to...'. It sounds much more polite than a direct command.
Use the 'for [person]' bridge right after the adjective.
Always place 'not' as a guard in front of 'to'.
Switch 'for' to 'of' to sound more native when talking about someone's character.
Aussprache
The 'to' reduction
In natural speech, 'to' is often reduced to a weak 'tuh' /tə/.
Linking 'is' and 'easy'
The 's' in 'is' links to the 'e' in 'easy', sounding like /ɪzi/.
Emphasis on the Adjective
It's EASY to learn. (Stress on EASY)
Emphasizing the quality of the action.
Einprägen
Eselsbrücke
Remember: 'Adjectives are the bridge, and TO is the glue.'
Visuelle Assoziation
Imagine a bridge connecting a 'Happy Face' (Adjective) to a 'Running Man' (Verb). The bridge is labeled 'TO'.
Rhyme
When an adjective is in your view, follow it up with 'to' and do!
Story
A man named 'It' was very 'Happy'. He wanted 'to help' his friend. He found it 'easy to carry' the bags, but 'hard to walk' up the stairs.
Word Web
Herausforderung
Write 5 sentences about your day using 'It is [adjective] to [verb]'. Example: 'It is nice to drink coffee.'
Kulturelle Hinweise
British speakers frequently use 'It's kind of you to...' as a polite way to say thank you or accept a gift.
American English often uses 'It's important to...' in business settings to be direct but professional.
This structure is preferred in international business because it is clear and avoids the ambiguity of some gerund phrases.
The 'to' particle in English originally indicated direction (like 'towards'). Over time, it became a marker for the infinitive verb.
Gesprächseinstiege
Is it easy to find good food in your city?
What is the most important thing to do for a healthy life?
Were you surprised to see how much technology has changed?
Is it rude to use your phone at the dinner table?
Tagebuch-Impulse
Häufige Fehler
Test Yourself
It's so important ___ your friends.
Find and fix the mistake:
The book was difficult understanding.
Choose the correct sentence:
Translate into English: 'Es emocionante viajar a nuevos lugares.'
Answer starts with: ["I...
Score: /4
Ubungsaufgaben
8 exercisesIt is important ___ (brush) your teeth every day.
Find and fix the mistake:
It is difficult for me learning English grammar.
Which sentence is correct?
not / to / important / it / is / forget / .
How do you say this in English?
Match: 1. Happy, 2. Hard, 3. Ready
A: 'I'm so nervous about the test.' B: 'Don't worry, it's ___.'
Identify the incorrect sentence.
Score: /8
Practice Bank
12 exercisesIt's often challenging ___ focused during long lectures.
I'm happy helping you with your project.
Choose the correct sentence:
Translate into English: 'Es imposible terminar esto hoy.'
Arrange these words into a sentence:
Match the adjectives with the correct action:
The movie was thrilling ___ from start to finish.
It's too late starting now.
Which sentence is correct?
Translate into English: 'Fue amable de tu parte invitarme.'
Arrange these words into a sentence:
Match the emotions with what they relate to:
Score: /12
FAQ (8)
Yes, both are correct. However, `It is easy to learn` is much more common in spoken English because it emphasizes the adjective first.
We use `of` when the adjective describes the person's character (kind, mean, brave). We use `for` when the adjective describes the difficulty or effect of the action (hard, easy, important).
In casual speech, people say this often. However, in formal writing, you should put `not` before `to`: 'It's important not to forget.'
Most adjectives work, especially those describing difficulty, emotions, or opinions. However, some adjectives like `interested` or `afraid` often prefer a preposition + gerund (afraid of falling).
If you aren't using a person as the subject (like 'I am happy'), then yes, English requires the 'dummy' subject `It`.
Just change the verb 'be' to the past tense: `It was easy to learn` or `I was happy to help.` The infinitive part (`to learn`) stays the same.
Yes! This is a common extension: `It is too hot to eat` or `He is old enough to drive.`
It is neutral. It is used in both very formal academic writing and very casual text messages.
Scaffolded Practice
1
2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
Es fácil de [verbo]
Spanish uses 'de' or 'para' instead of 'to'.
C'est facile à [verbo]
French has two different particles (à/de) while English mostly uses 'to'.
Es ist leicht zu [verbo]
The 'zu' in German often comes at the very end of the clause.
[Verb] no wa kantan desu
Japanese uses nominalization particles instead of an infinitive marker.
Min al-sahli an [verb]
Arabic uses a 'that' (an) conjunction rather than a 'to' particle.
Hen rongyi [verb]
Chinese has no infinitive marker or 'dummy' subject.
Learning Path
Prerequisites
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